HomeMy WebLinkAbout20051128Comments.pdfd1and
clean energy from wind
November 28 , 2005
Commission Secretary
Idaho Public Utilities Commission
PO Box 83720
Boise, ill 83720-0074
. l '- r
C\~_\\' LL
, ,
t.,
, . ""?
2\3 f i\L\.~'1-.)
, ,-
., ,')\ IC
. ,. \
. lj U ,-
i"';"i\SS\Oii\\i\\\\~,:;lJc
j\'
:i '
Please consider these comments as applicable to each of the following four open cases:
IN THE MATTER OF THE APPLICATION
OF IDAHO POWER COMPANY FOR
APPROVAL OF A FIRM ENERGY SALES
AGREEMENT FOR THE SALE AND
PURCHASE OF ELECTRIC ENERGY
BETWEEN IDAHO POWER COMPANY
AND MILNER DAM WIND PARK, LLC
AND LAVA BEDS WIND PARK, LLC
AND NOTCH BUTTE WIND PARK, LLC
AND SALMON FALLS WIND PARK, LLC
Dear Commissioners:
CASE NO. IPC-O5-
CASE NO. IPC-O5-
CASE NO. IPC-O5-
CASE NO. IPC-O5-
The existing PURP A contract terms, developed over the last two decades, are inadequate to
address the risks to Idaho ratepayers associated with the four referenced cases. If approved the
Milner Dam, Lava Beds, Notch Butte and Salmon Falls wind parks would bring to 147MW the
total size of proposed but not yet built Exergy Development Group QF wind parks. The
presence of "signed but not yet built" wind PURPA contracts limits Idaho Power Company
options to procure other wind energy resources. Ifthese four projects are approved but not built
on schedule there is a significant financial risk to Idaho ratepayers.
Windland is not suggesting that these four additional wind parks not be approved. Rather we
request that the Commission examine the totality of facts associated with these four contracts and
only approve them if their common developer provides adequate assurances that the projects will
be timely built.
Federal Production Tax Credits dramatically effect wind energy pricing
Idaho Power Company seeks some, but not too much, wind powered electric energy. The
company s 2004 Integrated Resource Plan established the need for wind energy in IPC'
generation mix and in January of this year the company released an RFP for 200MWs of wind
generation. Before reaching any resolution of that RFP process, IPC petitioned the Commission
WINDLAND INCORPORATED 208-377-7777 7669 W. RIVER~DE DR SUITE 102 BOISE, IDAHO 83714 FAX 208-375-2894
on June 1 ih to temporarily suspend its obligation to procure energy from intermittent wind
powered QFs lest the company be forced to acquire wind energy that was "too much, too soon
A workshop based review by parties effected by case IPC-05-22 and a wind integration study
are underway to determine how much wind generation would be "too much" for the Idaho Power
system. What has not been as clearly addressed is how variations in federal tax law effect the
calculation of when is "too soon" for IPC to acquire wind energy resources.
The cost structure of a commercial wind generation facility in the United States varies
enormously with the absence or availability of a federal Production Tax Credit or PTC. As
consequence, so does the price that market forces require be paid for the electric energy the
facility produces. At 1.9~ offederal income tax credit for each kilowatt-hour of electricity the
facility generates during the first ten years of its operation, access to the PTC can lower a wind
project's break-even power price by 20-25%. When the PTC is available the ratepayers do not
have to pay almost 2~/kWh that the federal government effectively pays.
The effect of variations in PTC availability can be seen in the chart below. During years when
the PTC expired (see 1998 2000 2002 & 2004 below) wind projects stop being cost effective.
When the tax credits were available (1999, 2001 and 2003), large amounts of wind generation
were brought on-line. Eligibility under the PTC was re-extended in August of 2005 for projects
that will be in commercial operation before December 31 , 2007. As the chart shows, recordlevels of wind project development are expected to continue through the end of2007. Part of the
reason for this expected record build out rate is the widespread belief that current federal fiscal
realities will preclude the FTC being extended beyond December 2007.
r---
Wind MW installed in US by year
3500
3000
~ 2500
::0. 2000
...
c.. 1500
1000
500
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
, -~-'----'---_.,~-~---~_._~------...
Chart #1 - FTC availability dramatically effects wind project economics
FTC not available: 1998, 2000, 2002 & 2004
FTC available 1999 2001 2003 2005 2006 & 2007
The terms of the current "wind" PURr A contracts are not sufficient to effectivelycompel a QF company to actually build wind generation
Over the last twenty-two years Idaho Power Company has entered into more than 50 separate
contracts with Hydro powered QFs and 10 more contracts with Thermal Co-generation QFs.
The current backlog of 11 Exergy Development Group QF's wind contracts (including these four
cases pending PUC approval) signed by IPC but not yet built represent more annual energy
production than all the hydro or all the co-gen QFs signed to date (see list in Attachment #1).
If a utility relies on an independent power producer to supply needed power and the power
producer fails to supply the power as promised, the utility and its ratepayers may be injured.
Consequently, large-scale commercial contracts between utilities and independent power
producers almost always contain terms requiring the power producer to pay damages if the
producer is late in delivering power from the project. Damage clauses in the commercial power
purchase agreements protect the utility and its ratepayers against this form of non-performance.
Section 22 of the standard PURP A wind contract imposes requirements on the QF company to
perform after the project is built but not before. If Exergy s eleven QF projects are developed
their LLCs will become active ownership vehicles containing substantial assets. But before each
wind park is built the project company is an empty corporate shell with no significant assets.
While IPC theoretically has the ability to sue a QF company that does not deliver wind energy on
schedule, before the construction process starts the QF company is an empty LLC shell and as
such is judgment proof.
The presence of "signed but not yet built" wind PURr A contracts limits IPC options
to procure additional or alternative wind energy sources
IPC, as it prudently should, refrains from signing contracts to procure more wind generation than
it needs and can reliably integrate to its system. However, ifIPC does not receive contracted
wind energy before the PTC expires IPC ratepayers will be harmed.
Historically IPC has purchased power from many small QF developers. QF facilities weredeveloped by multiple parties, in relatively small increments and came on-line over a period of
decades. The contract terms that were developed for these small projects do not adequately
protect ratepayers from the risk of non-performance presented by a single large developer.
Never before have the quantity ofQF contracts been large enough to displace one of IPC'
planned generation procurement activities. Now, the Exergy QF contracts have contributed to
IPC scaling back its planned competitive procurement of wind energy from 200MWs to
100MWs. A mere potential that a QF project will be developed should not allow displacement
ofIPC's opportunity to procure wind power during the current PTC window.
The economic reality is that Exergy Development Group has cleverly used a dozen separate QF
companies to encompass a 157.5MW wind farm development. The Commission should look
through the veil of a dozen separate QF LLC agreements and recognize that the current cases
need not be viewed as four small power producers.
Unless the Commission addresses the risk of Exergy not timely constructing the projects
envisioned in the four cases referenced above, Idaho Power s petition (case no. IPC-05-22)decrying the possibility the company may be forced to acquire an amount of intermittent wind
generated electric energy that was
. . .
too much, too soon.. ." may ironically result in Idaho
ratepayers getting wind generation too late to benefit from the FTC.
Exergy Development Group has been late meeting target dates for all three projects
to date
Exergy s QF projects have been late meeting scheduled milestones. As is detailed in Attachment
, the United Materials project is now almost a year late in meeting its scheduled on-line date.The Fossil Gulch project is on-line but did not achieve that status by its January 1 S\ 2005milestone target. The Burley Butte project did not meet its Oct 30t\ 2005 first energy delivery.
We do not expect the Thousand Springs, Pilgrim Stage, Oregon Trail and Tuana Gulch projects
to all meet their December 31 , 2005 scheduled operations date.
The four current cases (Milner Dam, Lava Beds, Notch Butte and Salmon Falls) are not
scheduled to be in full operations until May 2007. If Exergy fails to bring those wind parks on
line by that time it will be too late for IPC to procure alternate wind resources from another
source before the FTC expires at the end of 2007.
The Commission should not approve these four PURr A contracts, or any other
intermittent wind PURr A project, without adding terms to incentivize project
completion
The Commission can view IPC-05-30 through 33 as four separate cases and narrowly review
whether each of the four meet the requirements for grandfathering. Alternatively the
Commission might pierce through these four and the related eight LLC entities and see behind
them a single controlling developer in Exergy Development Group. IPC has effectively taken
this broader perspective (see Attachment # 3 where information requests for the four proj ects areall directed to Exergy Development Group).
Exergy has used a clever form of corporate engineering creating multiple subordinate limited
liability companies to meet the legal requirements of multiple "small power producers . Inreality the twelve projects aggregate to more than 150MW and will likely cost more than $200
million. Unlike the conditions that may have prevailed in earlier QF negotiations, Exergy andIPC negotiations are not a case where a "little guy" needs to be protected from the superior
bargaining power ofthe "big utility . For that matter, any QF project of20MW nameplate
capacity will cost more than $25 million to build. Modern wind projects are not financed and
built like the small power producers of the past.
With these four cases, the IPC ratepayers need to be protected from the possible non-
performance of the QF companies and their parent. The current PURP A contract terms do not
impose a strong financial incentive for the developer to actually complete timely building of the
project. The contracts never had to in the past for they did not displace other opportunities for
the utility to acquire similar generation resources.
These four PURP A contracts do displace other wind resource acquisition. My company has
been headquartered in Idaho for more than a decade. We have invested very large amounts of
money developing wind resources in this state. We ve done that with our eyes open and we
recognize that those funds have been spent "at risk". If IPC were to acquire wind energy
supplies from a Windland project or another wind project under the IPC wind RFP the power
purchase agreement would contain clauses to protect Idaho ratepayers from the project
developer s non-performance. These four wind PURPA projects are large enough resourcecommitments that their developer should provide similar protections.
History shows Exergy has missed milestones in the past. If Exergy fails to timely build and
operate the four project currently presented for Commission approval the IPC ratepayers will be
harmed. Windland requests that as a condition to approving these, or any future PURP A wind
contracts, the Commission require adequate financial assurances that the proj ects will be
available to produce energy on their scheduled completion dates. While not an exhaustive list
cash performance bonds tied to project completion, enhanced monitoring and penalties for not
meeting project development/construction milestones, and/or liquidated damages from a solvent
parent entity are possible additional terms.
...
President
Windland Incorporated
Cc:provided in pdf format via email to:mmoen(~)j dahopower. com
bkline~idahopower.com
rallphin~idahopower .com
ATTACHMENT # 1
Exergy s eleven proposed, but not yet built, Wind QF projects will produce more annual energy
than all the existing Hydro or Thermal QFs developed over the last 20 years combined.
(147MW ~ 30% capacity factor = 44.1 average annual MW) .
Project
dro Pro ects
Barber Dam
Birch Creek
BlftGk CanyCin #3
Blind Canyon
Box Canyon
Briggs Creek
Bypass
Canyon Springs
Cedar Draw
Clt:ar Springs Trout
Cry5tal Springs
Cutry Cattle: Company
Dietrich Drop
Elk Creek
FaIJ5 River
Faulkner Ranch
Fisheries Dev.
Gco-Bon #2
Hailey Cspp
Hazelton A
Hazelton B
Horseshoe Bend
Jim Knight
Kasel & Witherspoon
Koyle Small Hydro
Later!l1# 10
Lemoyne
Little WQod RvrRes
LittlewoodIArkoosh
Idaho Power Company
Qualifying Facilities
Cogeneration and Small Power Production Projects
Contract
On-linc ContractDate End Date Project
Apr.1989 Apr-2024
Nov-1984 Oct~20J9
Apr-1984 Apr-2019
Feb-1995 Fcb-20t5
Feb~ 1984 Fcb-2019
Oct-1985 Oct-2020
Jun-1988 Jun-2023
Oct- I 984 Sep-2004
lul1-1984 May-2019
Nov.1983 Nay-20t8
Apr-1986 Mar-2021
Jon-1983 Jun-2018
AiIg~1988 Aug-2023
May-1986 May-2021
Aug-1993 Aog-2028
Aug-1987 Aug-2022
Non Firm
Now1986 Nav-lO21
lun-1985 lun-2020
Jun-1990 Jun-20lO
MaY-1993 May~2028
Scp-1995 SeJ)'-2030
Jun.1985 Jun-2020
Mar-1984 Mar-2019
Apr-1984 Apr-20 19
May-1985 May-2020
Jun-1985 lun-2020
Feb.t985 Peb-202U
Aug-1986 A~g-2021
Low Line Canal
Lowline#2
Magic Reservoir
MalacfRlvi'
Marco Ranches
Mile 28
Mitchell Bulle
Mud CreeklS & S
Mud CreekIWhite
Owyhee Dam Cspp
Pigepn Cpve
Pristine Springs
Pri5tine Spring$ #3
Reynolds Irrigation
Rim View
Rock Creek #1
Rock Creek #2
SlIge.prush
Schaffncr
Shingle Creek
Shosh()fie #1-
Shoshone Cspp
Snake River Pottery
Snedigar
Sunshine Power # 2
Tiber Dam
Tr()ut~Co
Tunncl#l
Whit.eWater Ranch
Wilson Lake Hydro
Total Hydro Average Annual Mw
Thermal Pro ects
Emmett Facility
Magic Valley
Magic West
Pocatdlo Waste
Simplot Pocatello
41.78
Jun~200S
Nov. 1996
Dec-1996
Dec-1985
Fe.b-1991
Estimated
Nov-20l6
Dec-2016
Dcc-2020
Dee-20m
TamarackCspp
, Tasco - Nampa
Tasca - Twin FaIls
Vaagen Brothers
West Boise Wa.stc
Total Thermal Average AnnualMw 41.
Contract
On-line ContractDate End Date
May-1985 May-2020
Apr-198$ Apr-2023
lun-1989 May-2024
May-1984 Apr-2019
Aug-1985 Jul-2020
Jun-1994 May-2029
May-1989 Dee-2023
Mar-1982 Mar-2017
Jan-1986 J3n-2021
Apr-1984 Apr-2014
OcI.1984 Oet-20 J 9
Mar-1995 Mar-ZOO5 I
Non Finn
May-1986 May-202!
Non Firm
Sep-1983 Jan-2018
Apr-!989 Apr-2024 !
Sep-1985 Aug-2020
Aog-1986 Aug-2021
Aug-1983 Jut-2018
May~1996 Apr~2b31
Jun-1982 lun-2017
Nov-J984 Nov-2019
Jan-1985 Dee-2019
Non Firm
Jun-2004 Jun-2024
Dec-1986 Nov-2021
Jun-1993 Dee-20D
Aug-1985 Jul-2020
May-1993 May-2028
Jun-1933 May-201i~
Oct-1998 Sep-2003
Aug-200l Jul-2006
Sep-I9Y5 Sep-2010
!Jet,""'2006
Attachment #2
Of the twelve Exergy QF contracts signed with IPC, only Fossil Gulch (project #2 in the table
below) is currently operating and it was late coming on-line. Windland believes projects I , 3, 46 & 7 are now or will be late meeting their scheduled operation dates / first energy dates of
Dec 2004, Dec 2005 and Jan 2006 as shown on the schedule below.
Proj QF party entering contract Capacity First energy Scheduled Casewith IPC (MW)date Operation number
dateUnited Materials of Great Falls, Inc.9MW not specified Dec 31, 2004 04-Fossil Gulch Wind Park, LLC.10.5MW Dec 15 2004 Jan 1 , 2005 04-Burlev Butte Wind Park, LLC.10.5MW Oct 30, 2005 Dec 1 2005 05-Thousand Springs Wind Park, LLC 1O.5MW Jan 15, 2006 (sic)Dec 31, 2005 05-Pilgrim Stage Wind Park, LLC.1O.5MW Jan 15, 2006 (sic)Dec 31, 2005 05-Oregon Trail Wind Park, LLc.10.5MW Jan 15 2006 (sic)Dec 31, 2005 05-Tuana Gulch Wind Park, LLc.10.5MW Jan 15, 2006 (sic)Dec31 2005 05-Golden Valley Wind Park, LLc.1O.5MW APT 31 , 2006 (sic)JUll 1, 2006 05-Total Approved 82.5MW
Milner Dam Wind Park, LLc.18MW Nov 2006 Mav , 2007 05-Lava Beds Wind Park, LLC.18MW Nov 2006 May 2007 05-Notch Butte Wind Park, LLC.l8MW Nov 2006 Mav , 2007 05-Salmon Falls Wind Park, LLC.21MW Nov 2006 May , 2007 05-Total pendine: PUC approval 75MW
Total Exere:v QF contracts157.5 MW 157.5MW
.....
co:I
co:I I/)bJICII
:: 0
"'"
C::
co:I
Q.,co:I 0(oJ '"
(oJCII
..,
100
ATTACHMENT #3
Idaho Power looks through the QF companies when requesting additional PURP A
application information for Milner Dam Wind Park, Lava Beds Wind Park, NotchButte Wind Park and Salmon Falls Wind Park. The requests were not sent to the
individual project LLCs, rather they were all forwarded to the common controlling
entity, Exergy Development Group, LLC. The complete letters, from which these
salutations are excerpts, are included under Attachment 1 to the application for
contract approval for each ofthe four cases.
IDAHO
POWER
An IDACORP Company An IDACORP Company
Randy C. ADplUn
CooIract Administnlllr Randy C. AllplUn
ConInodAdmiDistnitor
August 8, 2005 August 8, 2005
James Carlmli.
Excrgy DevelopmentUro.p. LLC
POBox5212
Helena. MT .59601
E-mail Copy: mtli~in-tcb.com
Original: US Mail
James Corkulis
Excrgy Development Group, LLC
POBox5212
Helena. MT 59601
!!-mail Copy: mtli~in-tch-
Original: US Mail
RE: bvaBeds Wind Park
Request fOt" a PURPA conlnlct for a proposul Wind Generation Facility.
RE:Milner Dam Wind Park
~uest for a PURPA contnlCt for a proposed Wind Generation Facility.
Art IDACORP CorriPany
~18&
An IDAOORPCompany
Randy Co AI1pbia
Controct AdmJnimIor
Randy C. Allphin
Contract Administrator
August 8. 2005 August 8, 2005
James Ctukulis
Exorgy Development Group, LLC
POBox 5212
Hela... MT 59601
Jame, Corkulia
ExerllY J;Jevelopmoinl GroUp, LLC
POBox 5212
Helena. MT 59601
E-mail Copy: mtli(g)in.tcb.com E-mail Copy: mtlil1!Jin-tcb.com
Original: US MailOriginal: US Mail
RE:Notch Butte Wind Park
Requ,ost fora PURPA con_t for a proposed Wind Generation FIICility.
RE:Salmon Falis Wind Park
~uest for a PURPA conl,"cl for a proposed Wind G.nerstion Facility.