20130829Appendices to IRP.pdf

2013 Electric Integrated
Resource Plan

Appendices
Table of Contents

Appendix A – Technical Advisory Committee Presentations (Page 1)
Technical Advisory Committee Meeting 1 (Page 1)
Technical Advisory Committee Meeting 2 (Page 73)
Technical Advisory Committee Meeting 3 (Page 146)
Technical Advisory Committee Meeting 4 (Page 257)
Technical Advisory Committee Meeting 5 (Page 416)
Technical Advisory Committee Meeting 6 (Page 518)

Appendix B – 2013 Work Plan (Page 572)

Appendix C – Conservation Potential Assessment Study (Page 579)

Appendix D – Transmission Studies (Page 872)

Appendix E – New Resource Table for Transmission (Page 910)

2013 Electric Integrated
Resource Plan

Appendix A – 2013 Electric IRP
Technical Advisory Committee
Presentations

1
Avista’s 2013 Electric Integrated Resource Plan
Technical Advisory Committee Meeting No. 1 Agenda
Wednesday, May 23, 2012
Conference Room 130

Topic Time Staff

1. Introduction 8:30 Kalich

2. Powering Our Future Game 8:35 Silkworth

3. 2011 Renewable RFP 10:30 Silkworth

4. Palouse Wind Project Update 11:00 First Wind

5. Lunch 12:00

6. 2011 IRP Acknowledgement 12:45 Kalich

7. Energy Independence Act Compliance 1:45 Lyons/Gall
& Forecast

8. Work Plan 2:15 Lyons

9. Adjourn 3:00

2
Powering Our Future Game

Steve Silkworth, Manager of Wholesale Marketing & Contracts
Anna Scarlett, Communications Manager
First Technical Advisory Committee Meeting
2013 Electric Integrated Resource Plan
May 23, 2012

3
4
You’re the power planner
Meet demand
Meet renewable portfolio standards
Tomorrow - 2030
5
Wash. Renewable Portfolio Standards
2012 - 3% of energy delivered to Washington customers *Dam upgrades, purchased renewable energy 2016 - 9% *Palouse Wind *Kettle Falls 2020 (and beyond) - 15% 
6
Today’s Energy Generation Capability
42.5%
12.7%
34.0%
0.5%
2.8%
7.5% Gas
Coal
Hydro
Wind
Biomass
Conservation
7
Natural Gas
8
9
8
10
1.Review the materials at your table.
2.Choose a note taker and a spokesperson from your table.
3.Write table # on your worksheet.

11
Round 1
Using your blocks, choose any mix you like, placing them on the corresponding spaces on your game board.
Each block signifies 10 percent of your total new resources and you may only use a total of 10 blocks (or 100%).
You can use any combination you like, and you can even use one resource for all your new energy if you like.
12
Round 1 Conclusion
1.Record your ‘resource mix’ on the worksheet.
2.Give your worksheet to a facilitator when you are finished.

13
Group discussion
12
14
•Wind
•Solar •Natural Gas
•Coal
•Nuclear
•Biomass
•Hydropower

Meets Wash.
Renewable Portfolio
Standards
Dependable/can be
generated on demand
to meet peak demand
Conservation
13
15
Round 2
Meet electric demand.
Meet renewable portfolio requirements over the next 20 years.
Consider customers’ bills, carbon emissions, and your ability to generate enough power to serve all your customers during peak demand times.

14
16
Meets Wash.
Renewable Portfolio
Mandates
Meets customer needs
during peak demand

Relative Cost
Conservation/Energy Efficiency*  $-$$$
Natural Gas  $
Wind  $$
Hydroelectric**   $$
Biomass***   $$$
Coal  $$$
Nuclear  $$$$
Solar  $$$$$
* Energy efficiency programs cost more as the amount of energy that is saved increases.
** Only new hydroelectric plants and the additional energy produced with upgrades performed after 1999 qualify as renewable under
Washington State Renewable Portfolio Standards.
***Only biomass plants built after 1999 qualify as renewable under Washington State Renewable Portfolio Standards.
17
Round 2
Using your blocks, choose any mix you like, placing them on the corresponding spaces on your game board.
Each block signifies 10 percent of your total new resources and you may only use a total of 10 blocks (or 100%).
Use a combination of resources that meet Renewable Portfolio Mandates and resources that are considered dependable and will meet peak demand.

18
Round 2 Conclusion
1.Record your ‘resource mix’ on the worksheet.
2.Give your worksheet to a facilitator when you are finished.

19
Group Discussion

Discussion of impact to emissions, costs, risk
Meet demand at peak times?
20
Conclusion
Were there any surprises?
What did you learn? What questions do you have?

21
2011 Renewable RFP
Steve Silkworth, Manager of Wholesale Marketing & Contracts
First Technical Advisory Committee Meeting
2013 Electric Integrated Resource Plan
May 23, 2012

22
2

•2009 IRP: identified the need for 48 aMW RECs by 2016 to meet
the 9% renewable goal in Washington state
•Over supply of turbines. Turbine prices declined to 2004 levels
•ITC/PTC expires in 2012
•Washington state 75% sales tax exemption through June 2013
•Levelized costs were estimated to result in 30% to 40% lower cost
than the 2009 RFP of 14 months prior
•REC demand will increase in the next few years as the 2016
tranche approaches

Why Issue a Renewables RFP in 2011?
23
3
•RFP Issued: February 22, 2011
•Quantity: up to 35 aMW of I-937 qualifying renewable power
including all renewable energy attributes
•Delivery Start: on or before 12/31/2012
•Term: 20+ years
•Avista requested competitive bids for projects or project
output at the most favorable price available. Expected
Delivered Price: $62 per MWh (20 yr) levelized

Renewable Resource RFP Overview
24
4
•Received proposals from 11 bidders with 17 options.
•Technologies submitted
o Wind – Approximately 769 MW
o Landfill gas – 5 MW
•Pricing was very competitive and reflected the current down-turn
in the renewable energy market.
•Comparable projects proposed through the 2009 RFP
(approximately 15 months prior) were now up to 30% to 40%
less expensive in the 2011 solicitation.

Renewable Resource RFP Overview
25
5
Montana
Wind
Wind
Palouse Wind
Wind
Wind
Wind
Land Fill Gas
Wind
Wind Wind
Wind
Bid Project Locations
Received bids totaling 774 MW (769 MW wind, 5 MW landfill gas)
26
6
Evaluation Criteria
1.Risk Management (30%)
–Financing ability/experience
2.Net Price (40%)
–Expected benefit - expected cost
3.Price Risk (10%)
–Pricing type, O&M, generation quality, and optionality
4.Electric Factors (10%)
–Transmission, procurement process and equipment
5.Environmental/Community (10%)
–Permits process and location
27
7
Palouse Wind
•Approximately 105 MW
•Near Oakesdale, WA (35 miles south of Spokane)
•Interconnected directly to Avista system
•Developed by First Wind
•Commercial operation by 12/31/2012
•Vestas 1.8 MW turbines – 100M Rotors
•Net capacity factor – expected: 37.5%
•Developer will take advantage of expiring tax incentives

28
Palouse Wind - 2013 Avista IRP TAC Meeting
Spokane, WA – May 23, 2012

29
Overview
•Founded in 2002 and headquartered in Boston
with 200+ employees at offices and project
sites around the U.S.
•Focused on renewable energy, natural gas,
energy storage and transmission
development in core markets, such as the
Northeast, West and Hawaii
•Wind projects range from 15 – 205 MW,
situated on private, state and federal lands
•Vertically integrated to develop projects from
conception through operations bringing stable,
long-term contracts to utilities and customers in
high-demand markets
•Successfully raised over $6 billion to convert
development projects into operating assets

2
Milford Wind – 306 MW in Utah
30
First Wind Projects
•Own and Operate: 12 projects, 750 MW
•Operate: 1 project, 45 MW
•In Construction: 4 projects, 230 MW
3
Mars Hill 42 MW
Stetson I 57 MW
Stetson II 26 MW
Steel Winds I 20 MW
Sheffield 40 MW
Rollins 60 MW
Cohocton 125 MW
Milford I 204 MW
Milford II 102 MW
KWP I 30 MW
KWP II 21 MW
Kahuku 30 MW
Steel Winds II 15 MW
Palouse 105 MW
Kawailoa 69 MW
Kahuku, HI
KWP, HI Milford I & II, UT
Cohocton, NY
Mars Hill, ME
Power County 45 MW
Projects we Own and Operate
Projects Under Construction
Development Areas
First Wind Office
Operating Projects
Steel Winds, NY
31
A Company of Firsts
Consistently demonstrated leadership in Innovation, Environmental
Stewardship, and Community Engagement

4
Siting
•Steel Winds (20 MW) – Development on EPA
Brownfield Site
Environmental
•KWP (30 MW) – Development with Habitat
Conservation Plan
Power Sales
•Stetson Phase II (26 MW) – Unique PPA off-
take with Harvard University
Transmission Engineering
•Milford (204+ MW) – Developed 88-mile
Generator Lead
Technology
•Kahuku (30 MW) – Integrated 15 MW Battery
Energy Storage System
Our first-in-the-state Sheffield Wind project required
considerable environmental innovations in Vermont.
32
Track Record
•Asset Conversion: Since its founding, First Wind has raised over $6 billion to
convert development projects into operating assets
5
$0
$1,000
$2,000
$3,000
$4,000
$5,000
$6,000
$7,000
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Mi
l
l
i
o
n
s

PPA Prepayment
Turbine Supply Loan
Corporate Debt
ITC Grant
Tax Equity
Project Debt
Select Partners
Sources of capital by year
33
Palouse Wind
6
34
•Located on ridges between State Route
195 and the town of Oakesdale in
Whitman County
•Strong winter peaking wind resource,
complimentary to regional spring hydro
resource
•Utilizing 58 Vestas V100 wind turbines,
with total capacity of 105 MW
•30-year PPA with Avista, and
interconnection to their new Benewah to
Shawnee 230kV line
•$210 million capital raise from private
sector
•Will be largest energy facility in
Whitman County, producing renewable
energy for 30,000 homes
•40 farmers involved

Palouse Wind 35
Phases of Developing a Palouse Wind
• 3 years of
wind data from
4 tower
locations
• Third party
wind validation

Wind
Resource Assessment
Transmission
Analysis Development
Permitting/
Public Involvement
Power
Purchase Agreement
• Transmission
• Gen-tie
routing
• Site design
• Landowner
Relations
• Community
Involvement
• Envr. Studies
• Public Meetings
• EIS and CUP
Hearing
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
• Avista PPA
signed
• Interconnection
Agreement
• Financing
36
Thorough Environmental Review
•First EIS in Whitman County – ever
•All areas of the built and natural environment were evaluated
per state law
•Over 250 Comments received during EIS process
•164 conditions to consider
during construction and operations
Important Conditions
1.County CUP Compliance Package. Preconstruction micrositing surveys
2.Habitat Mitigation. WDFW and Palouse Prairie impacts
3.Avian fatality monitoring
4.Technical Advisory Committee
5.Decommissioning Requirements

37
Successful Financing
•First Wind has secured $210 Million to finance the
Palouse Wind project
•Key Bank-Joint lead arranger and administrative
agent
•Norddeutsche Landesbank Girozentrale, CoBank ACB,
Banco Santander served as joint lead arrangers

“We applaud First Wind’s dedication that
brings significant investment to Eastern
Washington. The financing of Palouse Wind
demonstrates the solid fundamentals of the
wind project that will provide an excellent
source of renewable power for Washington
ratepayers.”
- Andrew Redinger
KeyBanc Director Utility &Renewable Energy
38
Palouse Wind represents a Major Investment in
Whitman County
•Construction will support 150 - 250 jobs
•Approximately $30 million of spending with local
businesses in Whitman County and the Inland Northwest
•15 full-time operations jobs, and
ongoing contracting with local businesses
•Property Tax and Sales Tax Revenue
•Over $700,000 per year generated in tax revenue
39
Construction of Palouse Wind
•Construction meets the standards of County CUP conditions
•40 permanent acres impacted, 5 acres CRP/grassland
•RMT, Inc selected as General Contractor
•Approximately 50 workers on site since October,
increasing to 250 this summer
•Civil work on roads and turbine pads
•Avista switchyard construction
12
40
Inland NW Jobs
Contractors to-date include
•Busch Distributors, Oakesdale
•Pearson Fence, Colfax
•Wheatland Inn, Colfax
•Crossets Market, Oakesdale
•Brass Rail, Rosaila
•Plateau Archeology, Pullman
•Stewart Title, Pullman
•Schweitzer Engineering, Pullman
•Memorable Events, Colfax
•Goodfellow Brothers, Wenatchee
•Lydig Construction, Spokane
•Garco Construction, Spokane
•STRATA, Pullman
•Taylor Engineering, Pullman
•Atlas Sand and Gravel, Clarkston
(local gravel pit)
•Landau Associates, Colfax
•Gallatin, Spokane
•Henkles & McCoy, Vancouver
•Ch2MHill, Spokane

41
Long Term Commitment on the Palouse
•First Wind Scholarship Program
•Palouse Empire Fair, Lentil Fest
•High School boosters
•4H and FFA Clubs
•Fishing Kids
•Bikes for Books
•Youth sports sponsorship
42
What to expect in 2012
April May June July August Sept Oct Nov Dec
Mob all
construction units
Transmission Line
Foundations
Turbine Installation
Substation Commercial
Operation
Hire Operations
Staff
Collector System
Turbine Commissioning
O&M Building
43
Ben Fairbanks
Director, Business Development
p – 971.998.1411
[e-mail]
44

2011 Electric Integrated Resource Plan
Acknowledgement Review

Clint Kalich, Manager of Resource Planning and Analysis
First Technical Advisory Committee Meeting
2013 Electric Integrated Resource Plan
May 23, 2012

45
Acknowledgements
Idaho Public Utilities Commission (IPUC) Case No. AVU-E-11-04,
ORDER NO. 32444 acknowledged Avista’s 2011 IRP.
Washington Utilities and Transportation Commission (UTC) Docket No.
UE-101482 acknowledged Avista’s IRP on January 12, 2012.
Acknowledgement is not a pre-approval of the Preferred Resource
Strategy or the IRP itself. Future acquisitions obtain a prudence
determination in general rate cases.
IPUC encouraged Avista to make continued efforts to include more
public involvement in the TAC.

46
Public Comments
No public comments received in Washington jurisdiction.
Two public comments in Idaho jurisdiction:
An individual commenter thought the Company should not receive
any public money or rate increases for wind generation.
Benewah County, Idaho was concerned that the potential federal
greenhouse gas policies in the IRP would lead to increased rates
and negatively impact the County, and the polices were not
supported by the science. They advocated for Avista to develop
alternative policies to benefit the environment and the County.

47
Resource Needs
IPUC believes the capacity planning assumptions are reasonable
given the Company’s access to and the availability of markets if
resource deficits are higher than predicted.
UTC: The 14% summer and 15% winter planning margin above
operating reserves are appropriate for planning for peak loads and are
consistent with other regional utilities. This is an improvement over
the 2009 IRP methodology.
UTC: Continue involvement in the NPCC Resource Adequacy Forum.
UTC: Continue to analyze planning margin to determine the most
cost-effective way to reliably meet resource adequacy needs.

48
Load Forecasts
IPUC supports the inclusion of projected electric vehicle consumption.
IPUC believes the load forecast assumptions to be reasonable.
UTC requested a range of load forecasts in the 2009 IRP
acknowledgement. 2011 IRP included a high growth case (2.33%) and
a low growth case (0.93%). This is expected to continue in future
IRPs.
UTC: the Global Insights forecasts on Table 2.1, p. 2-4. GDP growth
(2.7%), unemployment (5%), 1.58 million housing starts per year, and
4.75% federal funds rate may be too optimistic given the current state
of the economy. Need to continue to monitor and test models under
more conservative growth assumptions.

49
Energy Efficiency
IPUC has concerns that the Company “…may not pursue “all” cost-
effective conservation if it adheres to certain conservation-potential
limitations expressed in the IRP” (maximum versus realistic achievable
potential). The 2007 and draft 2012 Idaho State Energy Plans direct
the IPUC to encourage utilities to pursue “all cost effective
conservation.”
UTC: Considers the Conservation Potential Assessment (CPA) done for
the 2011 IRP to be sound and includes a reasonable range of forecast
assumptions.
UTC: Finds the CPA sensitivity analysis regarding changes to avoided
cost “… to be useful in identifying both the potential achievable over this
time horizon, but also for identifying higher costs along the supply
curves.”

50
Renewable Portfolio Standard
IPUC: Early acquisition of wind to meet RPS requirements ahead of
need will be will be scrutinized in a future rate case, but the early
acquisition allows for the use of tax incentives and lower wind costs.
UTC: The Company needs to more clearly describe the method used
to calculate REC reserve requirements and how the reserves are used
for RPS compliance.
UTC: Need to provide clear analysis of how the Company specifically
(new resources, RECs or banking) plans to meet the higher RPS goals
from 2016 and beyond.

51
Transmission & Distribution
IPUC: Staff is encouraged by efforts to include distribution savings
and supports continued involvement with regional transmission groups.
UTC: Estimated costs for the integration of new resources are useful.
UTC: Want to see continued cooperation with BPA on the direct
interconnection of Lancaster to ensure completion of the project by the
end of 2012.
UTC: Continue to refine the analysis of feeder upgrades as they are
completed and track actual loss savings in the 2013 IRP.

52
Generation Resource Options
UTC would like to see a discussion and analysis of electric storage
technologies for “firming intermittent generation resources or for
meeting peaks in load.” This should include cost-effectiveness,
commercial availability, and where this resource would fit in relation to
other generating resources.
UTC wants “… an explicit discussion of the future costs and liabilities
of operating Colstrip over the 20 year planning horizon” including costs
of anticipated EPA regulations because it is a significant resource and
the Company’s only coal-fired asset.
UTC: Model a scenario for the 2013 IRP without Colstrip in the
Company’s resource portfolio and show “… estimates of the impact on
Net Present Value (cost) of its portfolio and rates”.

53
Modeling Approach
UTC: Finds the efficient frontier analysis to be informative in
highlighting the tradeoff between risk and cost when choosing
resources.
UTC: Support the continued improvement of modeling for the IRP “…
and urge the Company to explore its thinking and strategy with the
TAC (technical advisory committee) at an early date.”

54
Preferred Resource Strategy
IPUC: Supports increased levels of energy efficiency. Should also
include analysis and consideration of cost-effective demand response
in the next IRP.
IPUC: Tipping point analysis is beneficial to test how robust the PRS is
and to point out which variables are most important to the PRS.
UTC: Sensitivity analyses were informative.
High and low load growth cases (50% of expected load growth) is
too improbable as a tipping point. Want to see this refined.
Should include “… load growth variances that result in incremental
changes to the PRS, such as the delaying the acquisition of the
2018 SCCT.”

55
Action Plan
IPUC: The Company made progress on the 2009 IRP Action Items
and the 2011 Action Items should enhance the 2013 IRP.
UTC: 2011 Action Plan is presented well and is well grounded in the
modeling and analysis.
UTC: encourages close monitoring of actual load growth and changes
in the market which may require changes to the PRS and the Action
Plan.

56

Energy Independence Act Compliance &
Forecast
John Lyons, Power Supply Analyst
James Gall, Senior Power Supply Analyst
First Technical Advisory Committee Meeting
2013 Electric Integrated Resource Plan
May 23, 2012

57
Energy Independence Act
RCW 19.285 – The Energy Independence Act is also
known as Initiative Measure No. 937 (I-937)
Requires utilities with more than 25,000 customers to obtain
fifteen percent of their electricity from qualified renewable
resources by 2020.
Also requires the acquisition of all cost-effective energy
conservation.
I-937 approved by Washington voters on November 6,
2006.

2
58
Reporting Requirements
Annual compliance report, per WAC 480-109-040, is due on or before June 1st
beginning in 2012 and must include the following:
Utility’s annual Washington load for the prior two years,
Amount of eligible renewable resources and/or renewable resource credits
needed to meet annual goal by January 1 of the target year,
Amount and cost of each type of eligible resource used,
Amount and cost of any renewable energy credits acquired,
Type and cost of the least-cost substitute non-eligible resources available,
Incremental cost of eligible renewable resources and renewable energy
credits, and
The ratio of this investment relative to the utility's total annual retail revenue
requirement.

3
59
Renewable Energy Requirements
Based on a percentage of Washington state
retail sales using two year rolling average
3% of sales by January 1, 2012
9% of sales by January 1, 2016
15% of sales by January 1, 2020
4
60
2012 Legislative Modifications
SB 6414: Review Process for Electric Generation Project or Conservation
Review
SB 5575: Biomass Bill
Avista’s 50 MW Kettle Falls plant becomes a “qualified renewable
resource” beginning January 1, 2016 for the Energy Independence Act

5
61
2012 Projected Compliance
aMW
Required Renewable Energy 18.9
Spokane River
Long Lake #3 1.6
Little Falls #4 0.6
Clark Fork River
Cabinet Gorge 2-4 10.8
Noxon Rapids 1-4 5.8
Wanapum Fish Bypass 2.0
Total Hydro Upgrades 20.8
Palouse Wind (2012) TBD
6
62
Long-Term Renewable Energy Requirements
& Compliance Forecast
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
20
1
2
20
1
3
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
20
2
4
20
2
5
20
2
6
20
2
7
20
2
8
20
2
9
20
3
0
20
3
1
av
e
r
a
g
e

m
e
g
a
w
a
t
t
s
Qualifying Hydro Upgrades Kettle Falls Palouse Wind
Purchased RECs Potential Banking Requirement & Contingency
Requirement
7
63
Work Plan
John Lyons, Power Supply Analyst
First Technical Advisory Committee Meeting
2013 Electric Integrated Resource Plan
May 23, 2012

64
Technical Advisory Committee Meetings
May 23, 2012: Powering Our Future Game, 2011 Renewable RFP, Palouse Wind
Project Update, 2011 IRP Acknowledgements, Energy Independence Act
Compliance & Forecast, and 2013 Work Plan.
September 2012: Two day TAC meeting. Day 1: Plant tour. Day 2: new resource
assumptions, Spokane River assessment, and energy efficiency.
November 2012: Load & resource forecast, reliability planning, stochastic
assumptions, and transmission cost studies.
January 2013: Environmental policy update, electric and gas price forecasts,
scenario development.
March 2013: Draft Preferred Resource Strategy (PRS), energy efficiency, review of
scenarios and futures, and portfolio analysis.
April 2013: Review of the final PRS and action items.
June 2013: Review of the Draft 2013 IRP.

2
65
2013 Draft Electric IRP Timeline
Preferred Resource Strategy (PRS) Tasks Target Date
Finalize load forecast July 2012
Identify regional resource options for electric market price forecast September 2012
Identify Avista’s supply & conservation resource options September 2012
Update AURORAxmp database for electric market price forecast October 2012
Finalize data sets/statistics variables for risk studies October 2012
Draft transmission study due October 2012
Energy efficiency load shapes input into AURORAxmp October 2012
Final transmission study due November 2012
Select natural gas price forecast December 2012
Finalize deterministic base case December 2012
Base case stochastic study complete January 2013
Finalize PRiSM 3.0 model January 2013
Develop efficient frontier and PRS January 2013
Simulation of risk studies “futures’ complete February 2013
Simulate market scenarios in AURORAxmp February 2013
Evaluate resource strategies against market and future scenarios March 2013
Present preliminary study and PRS to TAC March 2013
3
66
2013 Draft Electric IRP Timeline
Writing Tasks Target Date
File 2013 IRP Work Plan August 2012
Prepare report and appendix outline September 2012
Prepare text drafts April 2013
Prepare charts and tables April 2013
Internal drafts released at Avista May 2013
External draft released to the TAC June 2013
Final editing and printing August 2013
Final IRP submission to Commissions and distribution to TAC August 31, 2013
4
67
2013 Integrated Resource Plan Modeling Process
Preferred
Resource
Strategy

AURORA
“Wholesale Electric
Market”

500 Simulations

PRiSM
“Avista Portfolio”

Efficient Frontier

Fuel Prices
Fuel Availability
Resource Availability
Demand
Emission Pricing
Existing Resources
Resource Options
Transmission
Resource &
Portfolio
Margins
Conservation
Trends
Existing
Resources
Avista Load
Forecast
Energy,
Capacity,
& RPS
Balances New Resource
Options & Costs
Cost Effective T&D
Projects/Costs
Cost Effective
Conservation
Measures/Costs
Mid-Columbia
Prices
Stochastic Inputs Deterministic Inputs
Capacity
Value
Avoided
Costs
5
68
2013 Electric IRP Draft Outline
Executive Summary
Introduction and Stakeholder Involvement
Loads and Resources
Economic Conditions
Avista Load Forecast
Load Forecast Scenarios
Avista Resources and Contracts
Reserve Margins
Resource Requirements

6
69
2013 Electric IRP Draft Outline
Energy Efficiency and Demand Response
Conservation Potential Assessment
Overview of Energy Efficiency Potentials
Sensitivity of Potential to Customer and Economic Growth
Avoided Cost Sensitivities
Energy Efficiency Related Financial Impacts
Integrating Results into Business Planning and Operations
Policy Considerations
Environmental Concerns
Greenhouse Gas Issues
State and Regional Level Policies

7
70
2013 Electric IRP Draft Outline
Transmission & Distribution
Avista’s Transmission System
Regional Transmission Issues
Transmission Construction Costs
Integration of Resources on the Avista Transmission System
Distribution Efficiencies
Generation Resource Options
Assumptions
New Resources
Hydroelectric and Thermal Plant Upgrades

8
71
2013 Electric IRP Draft Outline
Market Analysis
Assumptions and Fuel Prices
Market Price Forecasts
Scenario Analysis
Preferred Resource Strategy
Resource Selection Process
Preferred Resource Strategy
Efficient Frontier Analysis
Avoided Costs
Portfolio Scenarios
Action Items

9
72
Avista’s 2013 Electric Integrated Resource Plan
Technical Advisory Committee Meeting No. 2 Agenda
Wednesday, September 5, 2012
Conference Room 328

Topic Time Staff
1. Introduction 8:30 Storro

2. Avista REC Planning Methods 8:35 Gall

3. Energy and Economic Forecasts 9:00 Forsyth

4. Break 10:30

5. Shared Value Report 10:45 Wuerst

6. Lunch 11:30

7. Generation Options 12:30 Lyons

8. Break 1:30

9. Spokane River Assessment 1:45 Schwall

10. Adjourn 3:00
73

Avista REC Planning Methods
James Gall, Senior Power Supply Analyst
Second Technical Advisory Committee Meeting
2013 Electric Integrated Resource Plan
September 5, 2012

74
Energy Independence Act - Refresher
RCW 19.285 – The Energy Independence Act is also
known as Initiative Measure No. 937 (I-937)
Requires utilities with more than 25,000 customers to obtain
fifteen percent of their electricity from qualified renewable
resources by 2020.
Also requires the acquisition of all cost-effective energy
conservation.
I-937 approved by Washington voters on November 6,
2006.

2
75
Renewable Energy Requirements - Refresher
Based on a percentage of Washington state
retail sales using two year rolling average
3% of sales by January 1, 2012
9% of sales by January 1, 2016
15% of sales by January 1, 2020
3
76
2011 IRP Planning Margin Requirements
In past IRP’s Avista included a REC planning margin for
the variability of load and generation due to weather for
compliance of the EIA.
The 2011 IRP included a planning margin of 7 to 8 aMW
between 2012 and 2016 and 23+ aMW after 2016 to
account for wind variability
This planning margin was a threshold for the minimum
amount of additional REC’s to hold over the expected
requirement.

4
77
What Has Changed Since 2011 IRP
Load forecast is lower
Signed 105 MW PPA for Palouse Wind
Washington SB 5575 counts Kettle Falls as “renewable”
beginning in 2016
Hydro upgrades may use long-term average incremental
energy rather than estimated actual incremental energy
for compliance

5
78
What Planning Margin Do We Need Now?
Develop risk model of REC compliance
o Simulates future loads and qualifying wind, hydro, and
biomass output
o Accounts for actual and potential REC purchases and sales
o Simulates 100 future outcomes
Model allows RECs to be “Rolled” over to future years
o Does not allow bring RECs back from future years
o Pulling REC’s from future years is allowed but creates a
short position that would be needed to be filled
Tested several REC scenarios and the effects of policy choices

79
Risk Assumptions
Load: Expected Forecast with Standard Deviation of 4.2% of
Mean with a normal distribution
Hydro: 1986 to 2011 upgrade estimated energy savings
(random draw)
Palouse: 1990 to 2010 estimates provided by First Wind
(random draw)
Kettle Falls: Expected to run 10 out of 12 months with standard
deviation at 5% of mean with a normal distribution. Assumes
75% of fuel counts as renewable

80
REC Planning Margin Over Time
2015 (aMW) 2020 aMW
Scenario Expected
REC
Position
5th
Confidence
Level REC
Position
Implied
Planning
Margin
Expected
2020 REC
Position
(aMW)
2009 Status
Higher load forecast, no Palouse or Kettle
Falls, Hydro is variable, no EWEB purchase,
no Wanapum RECs
-3.1 -9.6 6.5 91.3
2009 with “Hydro
Methodology 3”:
Same study as above with 10 year historical
hydro
-0.9 -1.9 1.0 89.0
Today’s expectations
Lower load forecast, Palouse signed, Kettle
Falls Counts, Hydro is flat, EWEB sold
through 2014.
Long Long Zero Zero
81
2013 IRP Implications
REC surplus exceeds potential planning margin requirements
No REC planning margin will be included for this IRP to meet
the EIA
Planning margins will be taken into account when selling excess
RECs
Without Kettle Falls we would have a 9.9+ aMW Planning
Margin for Load/Wind Variation (assumes hydro is fixed)

82
Commerce REC Filing
Handout:
http://www.commerce.wa.gov/site/1001/default.aspx
83
TAC Economic Outlook
September 5, 2012
Grant D. Forsyth, Ph.D.
Chief Economist
509-495-2765
[e-mail]
84
Goals of Update
Highlight national and regional economic
conditions that impact customer and usage
forecasts.

Highlight long-run issues related long-run growth
and fiscal consolidation.

Review most recent electric load forecast.
85
National GDP Growth and Inflation: Recent Global
Insight (GI) Forecasts
Data Source: BEA, Global Insight, and author’s calculations.
 Modest growth with increasing downside risks to growth in 2012 and 2013: Europe, Asia,
and Congress (aka “Fiscal Cliff”).
 Housing market appears to be stabilizing.
2.9 2.8
3.3
2.6
2.2 2.4
3.4
2.6
2.1
1.8
2.8 2.6
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
2012 Forecast 2013 Forecast 2014 Forecast Long-Run Average
Forecast 2015-2041
Re
a
l

G
D
P

G
r
o
w
t
h

(
%
)
Comparison of Global Insight Forecasts for U.S. GDP Growth
May 2011 GI Forecast June 2012 GI Forecast August 2012 GI Forecast
86
SA Employment Index in Key MSAs, June 2009-July 2012
Data Source: BLS and author’s calculations.
 Employment levels similar to late 2009. Employment is growing in big metro areas.
Holding down service area population growth and household formation.
94
96
98
100
102
104
106
Ju
n
e

2
0
0
9

=

1
0
0
Nez Perce+Asotin ID-WA Jackson, OR Spokane+Kootenai WA-ID
87
SA Employment Index for Avista’s Service Area, June
2009-July 2012
Data Source: BLS and author’s calculations.
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
Ju
n
e

2
0
0
9

=

1
0
0
U.S.Avista MSAs
88
Unemployment Rate for July, 2009-2012
Data Source: BLS and author’s calculations.
 Jackson, OR (Medford MSA) has fallen the most, rates still high.
 Some of the declines reflect a falling labor force from discourage workers “dropping out.”
 Expect unemployment rates to remain elevated for rest of 2012 and into 2013.
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
Nez Perce+Asotin ID-WA Spokane+Kootenai WA-ID Whitman, WA 6-Border WA-ID Jackson, OR
Ju
l
y

U
n
e
m
p
l
o
y
m
e
n
t

R
a
t
e
Jul-09
Jul-10
Jul-11
Jul-12
89
Spokane+Kootenai Leading Indicator, 2011-2012
Data Source: Global Insight and author’s calculations.
 Highly correlated with employment changes 12 to 15 months in advance.
Signaling very slow employment growth for the rest of 2012 and through the first half of 2013.
74
76
78
80
82
84
86
88
90
92
Spokane-Kootenai Regional Leading Index, March 2004 = 100
90
Old vs. New Long-Run: Annualized Employment and
Population Growth in Spokane+Kootenai
1990 2007 2011
+2.7% -1.6%
Data Source: BLS and author’s calculations.
+1.5% to +1.8%
Population Growth
Regional Population Growth = (U.S. Employ. Growth, Regional Employ. Growth)
(-) (+) +1.1% to +1.3%
2021
Employment Growth = (U.S. Real GDP Growth)
91
The Potential Drag of Fiscal Consolidation: Government Transfer
Payments to Total Personal Income, 2007 and 2010
Data Source: BEA and author’s calculations.
Message: Be careful what you ask for in terms of smaller government when government is
an important part of your economy.

12%
32%
27%26%
20%
23%
16%
18%
8%
17%
38%
35%
33%
24%
26%
18%
22%
11%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
Washington Ferry Pend Oreille Stevens Adams Lincoln Whitman Spokane King
Re
l
a
t
i
v
e

S
h
a
r
e
Share of Government Payments for Selected Counties, 2007 and 2010
2007 Gov. Transfer Payments/Personal Income 2010 Gov. Transfer Payments/Personal Income
92
The Potential Drag of Fiscal Consolidation: Government
Employment as a Share of Total Employment, 2007 and 2010
Data Source: BEA and author’s calculations.
16%
37%
35%
21%22%
35%
44%
14%
11%
17%
40%39%
23%22%
33%
43%
15%
12%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
Washington Ferry Pend Oreille Stevens Adams Lincoln Whitman Spokane King
Re
l
a
t
i
v
e

S
h
a
r
e
Share of Government Employment for Selected Counties, 2007 and 2010
2007 Government Emp./Non-Farm Emp.2010 Government Emp./Non-Farm Emp.
93
Looking Forward: Other Issues Potentially
Impacting Growth
• Aerospace firms have shown robust growth. This should
continue given Boeing’s order book. Potential new 737 plant
not in forecast.
•Air force is moving ahead with the evaluations of bases for
refueling tankers. The 10 finalists will be chosen by late
summer 2012. Those chosen for expansion will be announced
at year-end.
• Changes in the price of natural gas.

94
Native Load Forecast Lower
900
1,000
1,100
1,200
1,300
1,400
1,500
1,600
19
9
7
19
9
8
19
9
9
20
0
0
20
0
1
20
0
2
20
0
3
20
0
4
20
0
5
20
0
6
20
0
7
20
0
8
20
0
9
20
1
0
20
1
1
20
1
2
20
1
3
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
Av
e
r
a
g
e

M
W

i
n
c
l
u
d
i
n
g

l
o
s
s
e
s
Avista Combined Native Load
Washington and Idaho
F2013 F2012 F2011 F2010 F2008
Forecast 2013-2023
(adjusted for EVs)
Actual to May 2012
Forecast Native Load Growth Rates from 2013
5 yr = 1.04% 10 yr = 0.95% 22 yr = 1.01%
Forecast Customer Growth Rates from 2013
5 yr = 1.3% 10 yr = 1.2% 22 yr = 1.1%
1997-2000
3.0% p.a.
2001-2008
2.0% p.a.
2009-2011
0.6% p.a.
1.3%
p.a.
1.0%
p.a.
Reflects weaker sales to
commercial and industrial
customers.
95
Annual Residental Use Per Customer, 1997-2035
7,000
8,000
9,000
10,000
11,000
12,000
13,000
14,000
19
9
7
19
9
8
19
9
9
20
0
0
20
0
1
20
0
2
20
0
3
20
0
4
20
0
5
20
0
6
20
0
7
20
0
8
20
0
9
20
1
0
20
1
1
20
1
2
20
1
3
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
20
2
4
20
2
5
20
2
6
20
2
7
20
2
8
20
2
9
20
3
0
20
3
1
20
3
2
20
3
3
20
3
4
20
3
5
An
n
u
a
l

k
W
h

R
e
s
i
d
e
n
t
i
a
l
Electric Average Use per Average Customer
Weather Adjusted
Residential Residential w/o PEV
Electric Car Impact
96
“Together We Will Build Shared Value”
Avista’s 2012 report on our performance
Technical Advisory Committee
Sept. 5, 2012
Jessie Wuerst, Sr. Communications Manager
97
Cross-Company Shared Value Action Team
Consumer Affairs
Customer Service
Electric Operations
Energy Solutions/DSM
Environmental
Facilities
Gas Operations

Generation & Production
Health & Safety
Human Resources
Rates
Resource Planning
Supply Chain
98
The business case for reporting

• Increase opportunities to build understanding of Avista’s operations for all
stakeholders

• Provide information that stakeholder groups want to know about

• Create opportunities for discussing partnerships with stakeholders that bring
value to all

• Enhance transparency of Avista as a business to build trust and two-way
communication
99
The “Shared Value” Pyramid
Creating Shared Value
Customers, Shareholders,
Communities, Employees
Sustainability
Protect the future
Compliance
Laws, Licenses, Codes of Conduct, Philanthropy

100
Shared Value – Changing Business Practices

“The principle of shared value…involves creating economic value in a
way that also creates value for society by addressing its needs and
challenges. Businesses must reconnect company success with social
progress. Shared value is not social responsibility, philanthropy, or even
sustainability, but a new way to achieve economic success.”
Harvard Business Review – Jan. 2011
101
Shared Value – An Opportunity
Shared value opportunities are core to Avista’s vision:
“Delivering reliable energy service and the choices that matter most to you”
Avista operations,
programs, people
Underlying community/society
issues
Avista strategic plans
A snapshot in time of what Avista does well that grows our business and at the same
time provides “social” value
102
• Customer Engagement
• Improvement and innovation
• Safe & reliable infrastructure
• Responsible resources
• Regulatory outcomes
• People and culture
• Community partnership
• Financial strength
Shared Value reporting should focus on:
Linking business strategic priorities and what we know is of interest/concern to
customers, media, investors and other stakeholders
• Customer Satisfaction
• Power quality & Reliability
• Corporate Citizenship –
Philanthropy
Community involvement
Environmental stewardship
• Energy Efficiency programs
• Communications

Shared Value
Opportunities
Avista Strategic Priorities External Priorities
103
How can we most effectively share this information
with stakeholders?
Segment stakeholders, identify current points of
contact with each group and insert messaging
throughout the year…
Bill insert Newsletter
Social Media
Website
Community presentations (RBMs etc.)
Employees e.g. account executives
Employee communications: quarterly
meetings, eview, View
Editorial board meetings
News releases
104
An integrated family of reports
105
Materiality Matters 106
Questions or Comments?
107
Generation Options
John Lyons, Senior Resource Policy Analyst
Second Technical Advisory Committee Meeting
2013 Electric Integrated Resource Plan
September 5, 2012

108
Supply Side Resource Data Sources
•Northwest Power and Conservation Council – 6th Northwest Power Plan
•Internally developed resource lists from:
•Trade journals
•Press releases from other companies
•Engineering studies and other models
•State commission announcements
•Proposals from developers
•Consulting firms and reports
•State and federal resource studies and publications
•Data sources are used to check and refine generic resource assumptions
2
109
Natural Gas-Fired Resources
3
Resource Type First
Year
Size
(MW)
Levelized
Overnight Costs
(2012 $/MWh) *
Capital Cost
Excludes AFUDC
(2012$)
SCCT (aero) 2015 100 $79 $1,101/kW
SCCT (frame EA) 2015 166 $81 $845/kW
SCCT (frame FA) 2015 175 $70 $728/kW
Hybrid SCCT 2015 92 $75 $1,114/kW
CCCT (air) 2017 270 $70 $1,117/kW
Reciprocating Engine 2015 113 $76 $1,060 /kW
* Prices are based on a preliminary natural gas price forecast
110
Other Thermal Resources
4
Resource Type First
Year
Size
(MW)
Levelized
Overnight
Costs
(2012
$/MWh)
Capital Cost
Excludes AFUDC
(2012$)
Coal (Super-critical) 2018 300 $97 $3,100/kW
Coal (IGCC) 2014 300 $127 $4,000/kW
Coal (IGCC
w/sequestration)
2018 250 $170 $6,000/kW
Nuclear 2023 100* $173 $7,000/kW
Small Scale Nuclear 2023 25 $107 $4,000/kW
* This represents a 100 MW of a 1,100 MW plant.
111
Renewable and Storage Resources
5
Resource Type First
Year
Size
(MW)
Levelized
Overnight
Costs (2012
$/MWh)
Capital Cost
Excludes AFUDC
(Nominal 2012)
Wind (On System) 2013 100 $115 $2,140/kW
Wind (Off System) 2013 100 $123 $2,140/kW
Geothermal 2017 15 $104 $4,000/kW
Wood Biomass 2015 25 $160 $4,000/kW
Landfill Gas 2014 3.2 $106 $2,500/kW
Manure Digester 2013 0.85 $144 $4,500/kW
Waste Water Treatment 2014 0.85 $109 $4,500/kW
Solar Photovoltaic 2014 5 $312 $3,500/kW
Solar Thermal 2014 50 $414 $6,500/kW
Battery Storage 2015 5 $126 $4,000/kW
112
Avista Upgrade Alternatives
•Avista thermal upgrades
•Rathdrum CT
•Coyote Springs 2
•Avista hydroelectric upgrades
•Spokane River Project
•Clark Fork River Project
6
113
7
$414
$312
$173
$170
$160
$144
$127
$126
$123
$115
$109
$107
$106
$104
$97
$81
$79
$76
$75
$70
$70
$0 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500
Solar Thermal
Solar Photovoltaic
Nuclear
Coal (IGCC w/ Seq)
Wood Biomass
Manure Digester
Coal (IGCC)
Battery Storage
Wind Off System
Wind On System
Waste Water Treatment
Small Scale Nuclear
Landfill Gas
Geothermal
Coal (Super-Critical)
Frame EA CT
Aero CT
Reciprocating Engine
Intercooled CT
Frame FA CT
CCCT (1x1) w/ duct burner (air)
New Resource Options Levelized
Costs ($/MWh)
114
Hydro Modernization Initiative
Modernize Avista’s existing fleet
of hydro resources to:
Generate incremental energy to meet load
growth
Produce RECs to meet renewable portfolio
standards
Increase plant efficiency through utilization
of new technology
Reduce risk through improved reliability
and environmental mitigation
Clean
Resources
Develop long-term strategy to assess and prioritize Spokane River
plant opportunities, and study Cabinet Gorge modifications to mitigate
total dissolved gas issues
115
116
Value Proposition
Improve reliability by replacing aging equipment
Improve performance (energy and capacity) through
technology advancements
Produce renewable energy credits to meet RPS
requirements
Take advantage of favorable tax treatment
Possible resolution of total dissolved gas issues
Clean
Resources
117
Spokane River Project
Clean
Resources
•Spokane River was built out in the late
1800’s and early 1900’s to meet the
growing demands of the Spokane
region.
•Undersized by today’s design
standards for hydro development
capturing 30% – 60% of available water
118
Spokane River Project
Clean
Resources Original Monroe Street Powerhouse
119
Current Spokane River Project
Clean
Resources
Facility Year
Built
Generation
Capability
(MW)
Net Energy
Output (MWh)
Post Falls 1906 14.8 90,000
Upper Falls 1922 10.0 71,000
Monroe St 1992 14.8 106,000
Nine Mile 1908 26.4 101,000
Long Lake 1915 78.0 480,000
Little Falls 1910 32.0 201,000
Total 176.0 1049,000
120
Spokane River Project Flow Duration Curve

Clean
Resources
121
Spokane River Assessment
Clean
Resources
Goals of the Spokane River Assessment:

•Fully develop the Spokane River
- Capture 70% - 80%

•Provide cost effective generation alternatives
to meet resource needs

• Increase plant efficiency and reliability

•Address environmental and regulatory
considerations
122
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Mo
n
r
o
e

S
t
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t

U
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1

Ni
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3

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No
x
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1

No
x
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3

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x
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2

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x
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p
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o
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o
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e
w

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h
s
e

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a
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2
n
d

P
h
s
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b
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o
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2
n
d

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h
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e

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s
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n
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d

P
h
s
e

1992 1994 1994 1994 1994 1996 1997 1999 2001 2001 2004 2007 2009 2010 2011 2012 2015 2015 2016
Cu
m
u
l
a
t
i
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e

C
a
p
a
c
i
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y

(
M
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)

In
c
r
e
m
e
n
t
a
l

C
a
p
a
c
i
t
y

(
M
W
)

Planned
12 MW
Future Study
270 MW
To Date
150MW
Clean
Resources
A History of Hydro Upgrades
123
A History of Hydro Upgrades
Clean
Resources
-
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
1,000.0
1,200.0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
Mo
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x
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x
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S
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P
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1992 1994 1994 1994 1994 1996 1997 1999 2001 2001 2004 2007 2009 2010 2011 2012 2015 2015 2016
Cu
m
u
l
a
t
i
v
e

E
n
e
r
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y

G
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In
c
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a
l

E
n
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r
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y

G
W
h
Future Study
600 GWh
To Date
361 GWh
2012 RPS
167 GWh
Planned
124
Post Falls Possible Modifications
Clean
Resources New Powerhouse in the South Channel - 40 MW (2x20)
125
Post Falls Possible Modifications
Clean
Resources Replace Existing Powerhouse - 40 MW (5x8)
126
Post Falls Possible Modifications
Clean
Resources Rebuild Existing Powerhouse Turbine Generators - 33.6 MW (6x5.6)
127
Upper Falls Possible Modifications
Clean
Resources Second Powerhouse with Channel Excavation – 40 MW
128
Monroe Street Possible Modifications
Clean
Resources
Second Powerhouse – with Channel Excavation 80 MW
129
Monroe Street Possible Modifications
Clean
Resources
Second Powerhouse – with Tunnel 80 MW
130
Monroe Street Possible Modifications
Clean
Resources
Second Powerhouse – From Monroe Street Dam 44 MW
131
Nine Mile Possible Modifications
Clean
Resources
Existing Powerhouse Upgrade Units 1 and 2 – 32MW (4x8)
132
Nine Mile Possible Modifications
Clean
Resources
New Powerhouse Downstream Left Bank – 60 MW (3x20)
133
Nine Mile Possible Modifications
Clean
Resources
New Powerhouse Downstream Left Bank – 60 MW (5x12)
134
Nine Mile Possible Modifications
Clean
Resources
New Powerhouse Existing Location – 60 MW (5x12)
135
Long Lake Possible Modifications
Clean
Resources Replace Turbine Generators 120 MW (4x30)
136
Long Lake Possible Modifications
Clean
Resources Section View - Replace Turbine Generators 120 MW (4x30)
137
Long Lake Possible Modifications
Clean
Resources Second Powerhouse from Saddle Dam - 68MW
138
Little Falls Powerhouse Rebuild
Clean
Resources
• Replace Generators
• Replace Turbines
• Replace Generator Breakers
• Replace Excitation Systems
• New Modern Control System
• New Powerhouse Crane
139
Spokane River Project Potential
Clean
Resources
Facility Year
Built
Generation
Capability
(MW)
Net Energy
Output
(MWh)
Upgraded
Capability
(MW)
Upgraded
Energy
(MWh)
Post Falls 1906 14.8 90,000 33.6 142,500
Upper Falls 1922 10.0 71,000 50.0 184,200
Monroe St 1992 14.8 106,000 58.8 223,600
Nine Mile 1908 26.4 101,000 60.0 221,500
Long Lake 1915 78.0 480,000 146.0 619,800
Little Falls 1910 32.0 201,000 32.0 201,000
Total 176.0 1049,000 380.4 1,592,600
Percent
Increase 116% 52%
140
Clark Fork River Project
Clean
Resources
•Clark Fork River Project was built in the
1950’s and 1960’s to meet the growing
demands of the Spokane region.
•Cabinet Gorge completed in 1952
•Noxon Rapids completed in 1960
•5th Unit was added in 1978
•Improvements to date include
•New Turbines - efficiency upgrades
•New Generators and rewinds
•New Generator Step-Up Transformers

141
Cabinet Gorge HED Refurbishment :
•Replaced 4 turbine runners & rebuilt generators
•Refurbished other turbine generator parts to like new condition
•Upgraded plant from 220 MW to 270 MW
•Environmentally friendly features – greaseless bearings and more
efficient turbines
•Upgrade costs $5 to $12M, total $40M
•Complete in 2004

Clean
Resources
142
Clean
Resources
Noxon Rapids HED Refurbishment
• Replaced Units 1- 4 turbine runners &
rebuilt generators
• Replaced Unit 5 generator
• Refurbish other turbine generator parts
to like new condition
• Replaced GSU Transformers
• Upgraded plant from 548 MW to 598 MW
• Environmentally friendly features –
greaseless bearings and more efficient
turbines
• Upgrade costs $9 to $17M, total $77M
• Completed in May2012
143
Cabinet Gorge Possible Modifications
Clean
Resources Second Powerhouse in Tunnel
144
Cabinet Gorge Possible Modifications
Clean
Resources
•Increased plant capacity will reduce Spring
spillway flows, and thus reduce contributions
to total dissolved gas (TDG)
•Could increase plant capacity by 55 - 110 MW
•Range of plant configurations under study
145
Avista’s 2013 Electric Integrated Resource Plan
Technical Advisory Committee Meeting No. 3 Agenda
Wednesday, November 7, 2012
Conference Room 328

Topic Time Staff

1. Introduction 8:30 Storro

2. Modeling 8:35 Gall

3. Colstrip Discussion 9:15 Lyons

4. Energy Efficiency 10:00 Borstein

5. Lunch 11:30

6. Peak Load Forecast 12:30 Gall/Forsyth

7. Reliability Planning 1:15 Gall

8. Break 2:00

9. Energy Storage 2:15 Lyons

Adjourn 3:00

146
Materiality Ratings
Avista’s 2013 Electric Integrated Resource Plan Technical Advisory Committee
Weighted score – number of responses x rated importance/relevance September 2012
147

2013 IRP Modeling Approach
James Gall, Senior Power Supply Analyst
Third Technical Advisory Committee Meeting
2013 Electric Integrated Resource Plan
November 7, 2012

148
2013 IRP Modeling Process
Preferred
Resource
Strategy

AURORA
“Wholesale Electric
Market”

500 Simulations

PRiSM
“Avista Portfolio”

Efficient Frontier

Fuel Prices
Fuel Availability
Resource Availability
Demand
Environmental
Considerations
Existing Resources
Resource Options
Transmission
Resource &
Portfolio
Margins
Conservation
Trends
Existing
Resources
Avista Load
Forecast
Energy,
Capacity,
& RPS
Balances New Resource
Options & Costs
Cost Effective T&D
Projects/Costs
Cost Effective
Conservation
Measures/Costs
Mid-Columbia
Prices
Stochastic Inputs Deterministic Inputs
Capacity
Value
Avoided
Costs
149
3rd party software- EPIS, Inc.
Electric market fundamentals- production cost model
Simulates generation dispatch to meet load
Outputs:
–Market prices
–Regional energy mix
–Transmission usage
–Greenhouse gas emissions
–Power plant margins, generation levels, fuel costs
– Avista’s variable power supply costs
Electric Market Modeling
150
PRiSM- Preferred Resource Strategy Model
Internally developed using Excel based linear program model
(What’s Best)
Selects new resources to meet Avista’s capacity, energy, and
renewable energy requirements
Outputs:
–Power supply costs (variable and fixed)
–Power supply costs variation
–New resource selection
–Emissions
–Capital requirements

151
AURORA Inputs
Regional loads
Natural gas & coal prices
Hydro levels
Wind variation
Environmental resolutions
Resource availability
Transmission

152
Regional Loads
Forecast load growth for all regions in the Western Interconnect
Consider both peak and energy
Use regional published studies and public IRP’s
Stochastic modeling simulates load changes due to weather and
considers regional correlation of weather patterns
Load changes due to economic reasons are difficult to quantify
and are usually picked up as IRP’s are published every two years
Peak load is becoming more difficult to quantify as “Demand
Response” programs my cause data integrity issues
Energy demand forecasts need to be net of conservation

153
California
Northwest
Desert SW
Rocky Mountains
Canada
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
20
1
0
20
1
1
20
1
2
20
1
3
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
20
2
4
20
2
5
20
2
6
20
2
7
20
2
8
20
2
9
20
3
0
20
3
1
20
3
2
20
3
3
20
3
4
20
3
5
MW
Western Interconnect Peak Load Forecast
Energy & Peak Forecast (draft)
Energy AAGR
Canada 1.91%
Rocky Mtns. 0.69%
Desert SW 1.64%
California 0.48%
Northwest 0.90%
Peak AAGR
Canada 1.80%
Rocky Mtns. 0.98%
Desert SW 1.71%
California -0.26%
Northwest 0.93%
California
Northwest
Desert SW
Rocky Mountains
Canada
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
20
1
0
20
1
1
20
1
2
20
1
3
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
20
2
4
20
2
5
20
2
6
20
2
7
20
2
8
20
2
9
20
3
0
20
3
1
20
3
2
20
3
3
20
3
4
20
3
5
Av
e
r
a
g
e

M
W
Western Interconnect Energy Forecast
154
Electric Vehicles (PHEV)
A potential change in customer load shapes could be a result of
PHEV
To address this- a load adder will be applied to reflect new
demand with a majority of load added in off peak hours
In the 2011 IRP electric vehicle demand was estimated to be
1,370 MW (off-peak) for 2020 (western interconnect)
The load forecasts from other IRP’s typically include PHEV
assumptions
PHEV load will be pullout out of the forecast and modeled as
load with an alternative load shape to reflect typical charging
patterns

155
Natural Gas Prices
Natural gas prices are one of the most difficult inputs to quantify
A combination of forward prices and consultant studies will be
used as the “Base Case” for this IRP. This work should be
complete by December 2012
500 different prices using an auto regressive technique will be
modeled, the mean value of the 500 simulations will be equal to
the “Base Case” forecast
A controversial input for these prices is the amount of variance
within the 500 simulation.
–Historically prices we highly volatile, recent history is more
stable
–Final variance estimates will look at current market volatility
and implied variance from options contracts

156
Natural Gas Prices
$0.00
$2.00
$4.00
$6.00
$8.00
$10.00
$12.00
20
0
9
20
1
0
20
1
1
20
1
2
20
1
3
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
20
2
4
20
2
5
20
2
6
20
2
7
20
2
8
20
2
9
20
3
0
20
3
1
20
3
2
20
3
3
$
p
e
r

D
t
h
2011 IRP
Forwards (6/1/12)
Forwards (10/30/12)
Actual
Avista-Mid 2012
157
Coal Prices
With lower natural prices and EPA regulations the demand for
US based coal is lower, but potential exports may stabilize the
industry
Western US coal plants typically have long-term contracts and
many are mine mouth
Rail coal projects are subject to diesel price risk
Prices will be based on review of coal plant publically available
prices and EIA mine mouth and rail forecasts

158
Hydro
70 year average hydro conditions are used for the Northwest
states, British Columbia and California provided by BPA
–Hydro levels change monthly
–AURORA dispatches the monthly hydro based on whether its
run-of-river or storage.
For stochastic studies the hydro levels will be randomly drawn
from the 70 year record
A new Columbia River Treaty could change regional hydro
patterns, but until there is resolution, no changes will be
considered

159
Northwest Hydro Variability
-
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
El Niño Neutral La Niña All Data
Av
e
r
a
g
e

M
e
g
a
w
a
t
t
s
Mean
2 Stdev High
2 Stdev Low
160
Wind
Wind generation in the Northwest’s is the fastest growing
resource type
RECs and PTC’s have caused wind facilities to economically
generate in oversupply periods in the Northwest- particularly in
the spring months
Wind is modeled using an autoregressive technique to simulate
output in similar to reported data available from BPA, CAISO,
and other publically available data sources- also considers
correlation between regions
For stochastic studies several wind curves will be drawn from to
simulate variation in wind output each year
Will pursue temperature/wind correlation for stochastic study

161
Wind Generation Profile (First week of January 2007-12)
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
1 7 13 19 25 31 37 43 49 55 61 67 73 79 85 91 97
10
3
10
9
11
5
12
1
12
7
13
3
13
9
14
5
15
1
15
7
16
3
Ca
p
a
c
i
t
y

F
a
c
t
o
r
Hour of January
162
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug
2011 8 10 4 31 39 85 25 0
2012 0 0 8 60 84 260 137 3
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Mi
d
-Co
l
u
m
b
i
a

P
r
i
c
e

H
o
u
r
s

B
e
l
o
w

Z
e
r
o
Hours Mid-Columbia Prices Were Less Than $0/MWh
2011: 202 Hrs
2012: 552 Hrs
Source: Powerdex daily average prices- substantially more hours had trades with negative pricing
163
Greenhouse Emission Reduction Scheme
Currently no eminent national climate change legislation
Alternative methods for reducing greenhouse gases are more likely
than a national cap-and-trade mechanism; such as early retirement
of coal plants and regional greenhouse gas limits
This IRP will model the CO2 tax in British Columbia and an expected
market clearing price for CO2 in California
Rather than use a cap & trade or tax method in the IRP base case
the model will rather consider all announced coal plants retirements
and determine future coal/natural gas plants likely to be retired due to
environmental or economic reasons
This method will show reductions to greenhouse gases in the
western US without causing price shocks to the wholesale power
markets

164
Coal Retirements
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
5,000
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800
2,000
20
1
3
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
20
2
4
20
2
5
20
2
6
20
2
7
20
2
8
20
2
9
20
3
0
20
3
1
20
3
2
20
3
3
Cu
m
u
l
a
t
i
v
e

C
o
a
l

M
W

t
o

b
e

R
e
t
i
r
e
d
An
n
u
a
l

C
o
a
l

M
W

T
o

B
e

R
e
t
i
r
e
d
Announced Coal Plant Retirements
Annual
Cumulative
Announced retirements of 13% of coal plant capacity in the west
Avista will review all Western Interconnect coal plants and retire
plants for modeling purposes. This method is to estimate likely
EPA/State related retirements

165
Water Issues
Once-through cooling
–California plants with this cooling technology must be
converted to alternative cooling methods or retired
–For modeling purposes: older natural gas units will be retired
and Nuclear plants will be considered retrofitted
–San Onofre?
Traditional water cooling
–New NG resources are finding it more difficult to use water
cooling- for new resources air cooling will be assumed

166
Once-Through Cooling Affect
13,500 MW of natural gas plants in California could be affected
by once-through-cooling rules- nearly 4,000 MW announced
retirement
Represents 27% of California’s natural gas fleet

0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800
2,000
20
1
3
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
20
2
4
20
2
5
20
2
6
20
2
7
20
2
8
20
2
9
20
3
0
20
3
1
20
3
2
20
3
3
Cu
m
u
l
a
t
i
v
e

C
o
a
l

M
W

t
o

b
e

R
e
t
i
r
e
d
An
n
u
a
l

C
o
a
l

M
W

T
o

B
e

R
e
t
i
r
e
d
Announced Natural Gas Plant Retirements
Annual
Cumulative
167
Western State’s Renewable Portfolio Standards
Nine western states have renewable portfolio standards (RPS)
–A majority of qualifying projects will not be selected in
AURORA due to economics, therefore renewable resources
are added based likely resource types up to the RPS
requirement
Challenges are with California
–What renewable quantity will CA allow for import- 25%?
–How much behind the meter solar will be developed?
Will state RPS’s change- easier or more stringent?
–Washington recently allowed legacy biomass
–Colorado increased its requirement from 10% to 30%

168
Transmission Expansion
Regional transmission expansion plans have been discussed
much of the last decade- with little to show for it!

For modeling purposes- a review of the expansion opportunities
will be discussed and projects that are in advanced stages of
development will be included

169
PRiSM
Find optimal resource strategy to meet resource deficits over
planning horizon
Model selects its resources to reduce cost, risk, or both.
Objective Function:
–Minimize: Total Power Supply Cost on NPV basis (2014-
2054)- Focus on first 10 years of the plan
–Subject to:
•Risk level
•Capacity need +/- deviation
•Energy need +/- deviation
•Renewable portfolio standards
•Resource limitations, sizes, and timing

170
Efficient Frontier
 Demonstrates the trade off of cost and risk
 Avoided Cost Calculation
Ri
s
k

Least Cost Portfolio
Least Risk Portfolio
Find least cost portfolio
at a given level of risk
Short-Term
Market
Market + Capacity + RPS = Avoided Cost
Capacity
Need
+ Risk
Cost
171

Colstrip Discussion
John Lyons, Senior Resource Policy Analyst
Third Technical Advisory Committee Meeting
2013 Electric Integrated Resource Plan
November 7, 2012

172
Future of Colstrip – Planning
•Scenarios about the future of Colstrip will be modeled in this IRP
•Washington Commission acknowledgement of the 2011 IRP:
• “The Company should conduct a broad examination of the cost of continuing the
operation of Colstrip over the 20-year planning horizon, including a range of
anticipated costs associated with potential U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
regulations on coal-fired generation.”
• “The Company should model a scenario without Colstrip that includes results
showing how Avista would choose to meet its load obligations without Colstrip in its
portfolio, and estimates of the impact on Net Present Value (cost) of its portfolio
and rates.” (Docket UE-101482)

2
173
Colstrip Ownership Information
3
Colstrip Basic Data Colstrip Ownership Percentages
Colstrip
Unit #
Size
(MW)
Year
Online
Avista NorthWestern
Energy, LLC
PacifiCorp Portland
General
Electric
PPL
Montana,
LLC
Puget
Sound
Energy
Unit #1 307 1975 0% 0% 0% 0% 50% 50%
Unit #2 307 1976 0% 0% 0% 0% 50% 50%
Unit #3 740 1984 15% 0% 10% 20% 30% 25%
Unit #4 740 1986 15% 30% 10% 20% 0% 25%
Total 2,094 11% 11% 7% 14% 25% 32%
Colstrip Units #1 – 4 use about one rail car (110 tons) of coal for every five minutes
of operation – the whole project uses about 10 million tons of coal per year
174
Colstrip Economic Benefits
•The plant employs 360 people and the mine has 373
employees
•$104 million in annual Montana state and local taxes
(4.5% of all state revenue collections)
•3,740 additional jobs and 7,700 more residents in
Montana
•$360 million in additional personal income
•$638 million more in additional Montana output

Data from The Economic Contribution of Colstrip Steam Electric Station Units 1-4, November 2010.

4
175
Colstrip – Importance as a Resource
•Colstrip provides 222 MW of capacity for Avista
•1,416,000 MWh in 2011 (162 aMW)

5
Other includes: full load surge pond variable costs, environmental air pollution taxes,
paste plant, coal handling, coal handling dust suppression, bottom ash handling,
bottom ash hauling contract and coal conditioning costs.
Coal, 80%
Mercury Control, 5%
Lime, 3%
Gen/Wet Tax, 3%
Scrubbers, 2%Water Treatment
Chemicals, 1%
Other, 5%
Other, 20%
2013 Colstrip Units #3 & 4 Projected Full Load Variable Costs
176
Colstrip Fuel Supply
• Avista’s total annual fuel use at Colstrip is approximately 980,000 tons
•Mine mouth facility
•Current fuel contract expires at the end of 2019
•Currently negotiating a fuel supply extension

6
177
Colstrip Modeling in the 2013 IRP
Base Case:
•Colstrip Units #3 – 4 kept in service through IRP modeling period
•Will comply with current and future environmental regulations
Colstrip Scenarios:
•How many scenarios are needed?
•What date or dates should be used to model a shut down of the
plant?
•Other assumptions?

7
178
Avista Utilities
Conservation Potential Assessment
Approach for 2013 Update
November 7, 2012
Jan Borstein
Project Manager, Energy Analysis and Planning
179
2
Outline
CPA objectives
Analysis approach
–Update 2010 study
–Changes in approach
Project schedule

180
3
CPA Objectives
181
4
CPA objectives
Assess and analyze 20-year cost-effective conservation potential
Meet Washington I-937 Conservation Potential Assessment requirements
–Biennium target for 2014-2015
Support Avista IRP development
Provide information to support Business Plan development

182
5
Analysis Approach
183
6
CPA considerations
The CPA approach accounts for the following factors
Impacts of existing programs
Impacts of codes and standards
Technology developments and innovation
Economic conditions
Customer growth trends
Energy prices

184
7

Develop three levels of potential
Potential studies identify future opportunities for EE that can be achieved through
programs

Technical EE Potential
Theoretical upper limit of EE, where all efficiency
measures are phased in regardless of cost

Economic EE Potential
EE potential, which includes measures that are
cost-effective

Achievable EE Potential
EE potential that can be realistically achieved by
utilities, accounting for customer adoption rates
and how quickly programs can be implemented

185
8
Consistency with Sixth Plan
End-use model — bottom-up
Building characteristics
Fuel and equipment saturations
Measure life
Stock accounting
Existing and new vintage
Lost- and non-lost opportunities
Measure saturation and applicability
Measure savings, including contribution to peak
Codes and standards
Ramp rates to model market acceptance and program implementation

186
9
Consistency with Sixth Plan (cont.)
Measures
Include nearly all in Sixth Plan
Others also, e.g., conversion of electric water heaters and furnaces to
natural gas
Sources for measure characterization
–Avista Technical Reference Manual (TRM )
–RTF measure workbooks
–EnerNOC databases, some of same sources used in Sixth Plan
Economic potential, total resource cost (TRC) test
Considers non-energy benefits
Achievable potential – ramp rates
Based on Council Sixth Plan ramps rates
Modified to reflect Avista program history
187
10
Avista-specific items
End-use model
Building characteristics, fuel shares, and equipment saturations are
Avista-specific
Calibrated to Avista 2009 sales by sector
Update with newly available RBSA data, e.g., information on measure
saturation
Measure savings, including contribution to peak
Building codes and appliance standards updated as of 2012
Avista-specific customer growth forecasts
Avista retail rate and avoided cost forecasts
Ramp rates adjusted to match Avista program history

188
11
Potential study analysis framework
EE measure data Utility data
Engineering analysis
Secondary data
Market segmentation
and characterization
Customer participation
rates
Technical and
economic potential
forecasts
Achievable potential
forecast
Utility data
Customer surveys
Secondary data
Base-year energy use
by fuel, segment
Baseline forecasting
Supply curves
Scenario analyses
Custom analyses
Project report
End-use forecast by
segment
Prototypes and
energy analysis
Program results
Survey data
Secondary data
Forecast data
Synthesis / analysis
189
12
LoadMAPTM analysis tool
LoadMAP stands for Load
Management, Analysis and
Planning
LoadMAP modeling features:
–Embodies principles of
rigorous end-use models (like
REEPS and COMMEND)
–Uses stock-accounting
–Isolates new construction
–Uses a simple decision logic
–Models customized by end
use
From user’s perspective:
–Excel-based model
–Easy to update assumptions
–Enables sensitivity analysis
–Answers what-if questions

190
13
Base-year energy consumption
Base year is 2009
At start of past study in summer 2010, 2009 was most recent year with
complete sales and customer data
2009 was also base year for Avista load research study, which provides
peak data
We will calibrate the first few years of the forecast to sales history

191
14
Market segmentation by rate class
Used 2009 base year sales data to develop control totals
Number of customers, annual use, and peak load by sector

Sector Rate
Schedule(s)
Number of meters
(customers)
2009 Electricity
sales (MWh)
Peak demand
(MW)
Residential 001 299,714 3,634,086 993
General Service 011, 012 46,387 738,505 125
Large General Service 021, 022 4,808 2,256,882 347
Extra Large General Service 025, 025P 32 1,145,277 174
Extra Large GS Potlatch 025P 1 892,291 101
Pumping 031, 032 3,673 194,884 14
Total 354,615 8,861,961 1,753
192
15
Market characterization
Sector Segment Vintage
End Use
Space heating
Air-source heat pump
Geothermal heat pump
Electric furnace
Electric resistance
Air-source heat pump
SEER 13
SEER 14
SEER 15
SEER 16
Ductless Minisplit
Technology Efficiency
options
193
16
Market characterization by segment

Sector Customers 2009 Electricity
sales (GWh)
Residential 299,714 3,634,086
General Service 46,387 738,505
Large General Service 4,808 2,256,882
Extra Large GS 32 1,145,277
Extra Large GS Potlatch 1 892
Pumping 3,673 194,884
Total 354,615 8,861,961
Residential
Segment
Number of
Customers
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
Electricity Sales
(GWh)
Single family 168,339 14,250 2,398,874
Multi family 23,456 8,613 202,032
Mobile/Manufactured 10,022 12,724 127,523
Limited Income 97,896 9,251 905,656
Total 299,714 12,125 3,634,086
194
17
Energy Market Profiles

Market profiles – a
snapshot of how customers
use energy by end use and
technology
–Number of customers
–Saturations
–Unit energy consumption
(UEC) or
energy use intensity (EUI)
–Peak factors — fraction of
annual electricity use
coincident with the system peak
Existing (average) buildings
and new construction
195
18
Energy Market Profiles (continued)

Sample for
residential sector,
all segments
UEC Intensity Usage
(kWh)(kWh/HH)(GWh)
Cooling Central AC 29%1,613 470 141
Cooling Room AC 20%643 131 39
Combined Heating/Cooling Air Source Heat Pump 14%5,051 699 209
Combined Heating/Cooling Geothermal Heat Pump 0%3,715 15 4
Space Heating Electric Resistance 18%6,114 1,119 335
Space Heating Electric Furnace 22%6,779 1,492 447
Space Heating Supplemental 9%83 8 2
Water Heating Water Heater 66%2,796 1,834 550
Interior Lighting Screw-in 100%1,144 1,144 343
Interior Lighting Linear Fluorescent 66%121 80 24
Interior Lighting Pin-based 92%59 55 16
Exterior Lighting Screw-in 70%301 211 63
Exterior Lighting High Intensity/Flood 2%116 2 1
Appliances Clothes Washer 84%105 88 26
Appliances Clothes Dryer 80%621 498 149
Appliances Dishwasher 86%185 160 48
Appliances Refrigerator 100%746 746 224
Appliances Freezer 62%760 474 142
Appliances Second Refrigerator 35%787 277 83
Appliances Stove 86%299 257 77
Appliances Microwave 95%144 137 41
Electronics Personal Computers 121%263 317 95
Electronics TVs 222%311 688 206
Electronics Devices and Gadgets 100%48 48 14
Miscellaneous Pool Pump 10%1,328 130 39
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan 26%404 107 32
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous 100%940 940 282
12,125 3,634
-
Average Market Profile - Residential Sector
End Use Technology Saturation
Total
196
19
Baseline forecasting

Model equipment choices for replacement or new construction
Define equipment efficiency options, up to 10 per technology
Define baseline purchase shares —begin with Annual Energy Outlook
shipments data and modified for Avista service territory or local data
Building codes and appliance standards

197
20
Baseline forecasting

Air source heat pump example
Efficiency Level Relative
Energy Use Lifetime Standards
Status
2011
Baseline
Purchase
Shares
2015
Baseline
Purchase
Shares
E1 − SEER 13 100.0% 15 Baseline until
2014 78% 0%
E2 − SEER 14 (ENERGY STAR) 91.7% 15 Baseline after
2014 0% 78%
E3 − SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 88.6% 15 15% 15%
E4 − SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 86.1% 15 7% 7%
E5− Ductless Mini-split
System 75.0% 15 0% 0%
198
21
Baseline forecasting

Market size / customer growth
Income growth
Avista retail rates forecast
Trends in end-use/technology saturations
Equipment purchase decisions
Cooling and heating degree day
values
Persons/household and physical home size
Elasticities by end use for each variable (from client or default values
based on EPRI REEPS and COMMEND models)

199
22
Baseline forecast – Residential
Use per Household
Use per household
End Use 2009
(MWh)
2012
(MWh)
2017
(MWh)
2022
(MWh)
2027
(MWh)
2032
(MWh)
% Change
('09–'32)
Avg. growth
rate
Cooling 180,022 164,872 197,096 239,735 293,189 357,837 99% 3.0%
Space Heating 784,854 783,258 906,261 1,051,822 1,210,093 1,383,665 76% 2.5%
Heat & Cool 213,860 201,414 229,351 259,524 296,812 343,830 61% 2.1%
Water Heating 549,606 557,026 611,989 675,078 748,532 830,990 51% 1.8%
Appliances 790,377 776,522 796,390 837,724 899,380 996,282 26% 1.0%
Interior Lighting 383,305 375,894 335,220 397,188 465,499 543,171 42% 1.5%
Exterior Lighting 63,864 62,362 61,507 71,895 84,283 98,404 54% 1.9%
Electronics 315,599 336,232 404,126 484,986 570,101 669,577 112% 3.3%
Miscellaneous 352,599 374,582 448,055 540,785 650,016 779,045 121% 3.4%
Total 3,634,086 3,632,162 3,989,994 4,558,738 5,217,905 6,002,803 65% 2.2%
200
23
Baseline forecast – Commercial & Industrial
Total growth of 27.1% over forecast period
Average annual growth of 1.04%

201
24
Baseline forecast summary — previous CPA
Overall 48% growth in electricity use
Average annual growth rate of 1.7%
202
25
Develop measure list using
–Existing programs
–RTF data
–EnerNOC databases
Characterization
–Description
–Costs
–Savings
–Applicability
–Lifetime
Update measure data
–Avista TRM
–RTF measure databases
–BEST simulations
–EnerNOC databases
Measure identification & characterization
Water heating measures
Conventional (EF 0.95)
Heat pump water heater (EF 2.3)
Solar water heater
Low-flow showerheads
Timer / Thermostat setback
Tank blanket
Drainwater heat recovery
203
26
Technical potential

Technical potential
Hypothetical case
Most efficient option taken, regardless of cost
Equipment is replaced at time of failure
Other devices are phased in over time using a diffusion curve
–Slope of curve varies according to complexity of measure and cost

Label Water Heater Technology Relative
Energy Use
Off
Market
E1 EF 0.9 100.0% 2014
E2 EF 0.95 94.0%
E3 EF 2.3 (HPWH) 39.1%
E4 Solar 38.2%
204
27
Economic potential

Assumptions
Avoided costs forecasts for energy and capacity
T&D line losses
Administrative cost adders
Total Resource Cost test for B/C ratio ≥ 1.0
Most efficient cost-effective option is selected
Screening performed for every year

Label Water Heater Technologies Relative
Energy Use
Off
Market
B/C
Ratio
2012
B/C
Ratio
2017
E1 EF 0.9 100.0% 2014 1.00 -
E2 EF 0.95 94.0% 1.03 1.00
E3 EF 2.3 (HPWH) 39.1% 1.05 1.08
E4 Solar 38.2% 0.68 0.70
205
28
Estimate achievable potential

Requires assumptions about customer acceptance, market
barriers, and market maturity
Model applies series of factors to economic potential
Savings may be acquired through a variety of means
Utility incentive programs
Utility educational programs
Market transformation, including NEEA

206
29
Sample potential results from previous CPA
2012 2013 2017 2021 2022 2027 2032
8,805,759 9,000,280 9,600,889 10,425,853 10,646,717 11,876,679 13,310,674
Achievable 52,188 116,482 465,933 917,085 1,069,455 1,765,226 2,493,450
Economic 250,938 520,969 1,627,739 2,454,017 2,632,030 3,259,492 3,813,122
Technical 336,303 702,900 2,224,063 3,411,428 3,664,844 4,590,026 5,311,276
Achievable 0.6%1.3%4.9%8.8%10.0%14.9%18.7%
Economic 2.8%5.8%17.0%23.5%24.7%27.4%28.6%
Technical 3.8%7.8%23.2%32.7%34.4%38.6%39.9%
Cumulative Energy Savings (% of Baseline)
Cumulative Energy Savings (MWh)
Baseline Forecast (MWh)
207
30
Sample potential results (continued)

208
31
Project Schedule
209
32
Project Schedule
Present project approach to the TAC on November 7, 2012
Deliver preliminary results in January 2013
Deliver final results mid-February 2013
Present final study results to TAC and draft report in March, 2013
Support the filing in August 2013 with a complete CPA report (including
appendices)

210
33

Jan Borstein
[e-mail]
303-530-5195

Ingrid Rohmund
[e-mail]
760-943-1532

211

Peak Load Forecast
James Gall, Senior Power Supply Analyst
Grant Forsyth, Senior Forecaster & Economist
Third Technical Advisory Committee Meeting
2013 Electric Integrated Resource Plan
November 7, 2012

212
Peak Load History
y = 13.637x + 1501.3
R² = 0.2915
y = 15.266x + 1370.4
R² = 0.6058
1,000
1,100
1,200
1,300
1,400
1,500
1,600
1,700
1,800
1,900
2,000
19
9
7
19
9
8
19
9
9
20
0
0
20
0
1
20
0
2
20
0
3
20
0
4
20
0
5
20
0
6
20
0
7
20
0
8
20
0
9
20
1
0
20
1
1
20
1
2
Me
g
a
W
a
t
t
s
Winter Summer Linear (Winter)Linear (Summer)
Winter:
0.85% AAGR
Summer:
1.0% AAGR
213
Forecast Methodology
Use multi-variable regression analysis to identify the 2011/2012
weather adjusted peak load
Use two years of daily load data as the sample data
Remove large industrial loads and focus on weather related load
Variables include:
Heating degree days set at 55°, 45°, and 15°
Cooling degree days set at 65° and 70°
Prior day cooling degree days set at 65° for past two days
Summer sunlight percentage
NERC and school holidays
Number of industrial & residential customers
Day of week and month of year

214
Forecast Methodology (continued)
Peak load data was adjusted to the natural log to better estimate
peak load hours
Resulting r2: is 0.94
Standard error: 36 MW or 3.3%
Durbin-Watson: 1.475(d-1), 1.973(d-2)
Weather adjustment includes 123 years of historical Spokane
temperatures and four weekday combinations
Peak forecast is 1 in 2 peak on a weekday
LOLP analysis will consider probability of weekend extreme
temperatures and will consider it in the planning margin
L&R will use three day average peak and single hour peak
Peak forecast includes existing conservation programs- additional
programs could further lower the forecast

215
Historical Average Day Temperatures 1890-2012
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
-20 -17 -14 -11 -8 -5 -2 1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31
Fr
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
Day Average Temperature
Winter Temperature Variation
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91
Fr
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
Day Average Temperature
Summer Temperature Variation
Coldest Day Hottest Day
Extreme -17° 90°
Average 3.9° 82.3°
Standard Deviation 8.9° 2.8°
90th Percentile -8.8° 86°
Last Tail Event 2004: -9° 2008: 86°
216
1,000
1,100
1,200
1,300
1,400
1,500
1,600
1,700
1,800
1,900
2,000
100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%
Me
g
a
W
a
t
t
s
Percentile
December
July
2011/2012 Weather Adjusted Peak Loads
Jan 2012: 1,554 Aug 2012: 1,579
217
-
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
19
9
7
19
9
9
20
0
1
20
0
3
20
0
5
20
0
7
20
0
9
20
1
1
20
1
3
20
1
5
20
1
7
20
1
9
20
2
1
20
2
3
20
2
5
20
2
7
20
2
9
20
3
1
20
3
3
20
3
5
Me
g
a
w
a
t
t
s
Winter Summer
2013 IRP Peak Load Forecast
Annual Growth Winter Summer
5 Year 1.02% 1.09%
10 Year 0.90% 0.96%
20 Year 0.84% 0.90%
218
Linking Peak Load Growth to GDP Growth
Peak loads are not constant over time. Controlling for weather
and other seasonal factors, the long-run trend is towards
increasing peaks
Monthly Peak = f(weather, non-weather seasonal factors, economic factors)
If we account for weather and non-weather seasonal factors, then changes in
the peak load, we assume, are due to economic factors
Since we cannot easily identify specific economic factors, we use
GDP growth as a catch-all proxy
Econometric evidence suggests that Avista’s load growth, excluding weather
and seasonal effects, is significantly, positively correlated with GDP growth.
Weather and Seasonal Adjusted Peak Growth = f(GDP Growth) is a
relationship estimated with historical data
If we have forecasts of GDP growth we can estimated what peak load growth
under the assumption that the future GDP/load relationship will not be
materially different than what it was in the past

219
Linking Peak Load Growth to GDP Growth (Cont)
There is growing evidence that winter peak load growth is slower
than summer peak load growth
Could be a function of increased use of air conditioning on new and existing
homes
Weather and Seasonal Adjusted Peak Growth = f(GDP Growth) is estimated
for winter peaks and summer peaks. The estimation does produced a slightly
higher growth rate for the summer peak
Where do the forecasts for GDP growth come from?
5-year forecasts are obtained by averaging GDP forecasts across multiple
sources: Bloomberg survey of forecasters, The Economist poll of forecasters,
WSJ survey of forecasters, Global Insight, Economy.com, and several others
From this set of forecasts have an average, a high, and a low forecast out five
years. This gives us some sense of how the business cycle will impact peak
growth
Beyond five years we assume a long-rung GDP growth rate of 2.5%

220
IRP Peak Forecast Changes
1,000
1,250
1,500
1,750
2,000
2,250
2,500
20
1
3
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
20
2
4
20
2
5
20
2
6
20
2
7
20
2
8
20
2
9
20
3
0
20
3
1
20
3
2
20
3
3
Me
g
a
w
a
t
t
s
Winter Peak
2009 IRP
2011 IRP
2013 IRP
1,000
1,250
1,500
1,750
2,000
2,250
2,500
20
1
3
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
20
2
4
20
2
5
20
2
6
20
2
7
20
2
8
20
2
9
20
3
0
20
3
1
20
3
2
20
3
3
Me
g
a
w
a
t
t
s
Summer Peak
2009 IRP
2011 IRP
2013 IRP
221
Weather Variation (1 in 20)
-
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
19
9
7
19
9
9
20
0
1
20
0
3
20
0
5
20
0
7
20
0
9
20
1
1
20
1
3
20
1
5
20
1
7
20
1
9
20
2
1
20
2
3
20
2
5
20
2
7
20
2
9
20
3
1
20
3
3
20
3
5
Me
g
a
w
a
t
t
s
Winter
Summer
Winter-High
Winter-Low
Summer-High
Summer-Low
222

Reliability Planning
James Gall, Senior Power Supply Analyst
Third Technical Advisory Committee Meeting
2013 Electric Integrated Resource Plan
November 7, 2012

223
What is Reliability Planning?
Assessment of resource adequacy
Estimate probability of failing to serve all load
Used to estimate the planning margin to apply to the peak load
forecast

224
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Transfers Clark Fork Spokane River
Natural Gas Mid-Columbia Wind
Biomass Coal Load + Ancillary Services
Load
Peak Day Example- August 7, 2012
- 80° day with peak load 1,579 MW
- 11.1% resource margin
225
The Tool
Excel based model with linear program to optimize resource
generation to meet load and reserve requires taking into account
potential market purchases and sales
Focus on year 2020
Simulates 1,000 future scenarios
Temperatures, Hydro Availability, Forced Outages, Wind
Generation
Attempts to correlate interaction between variables

226
Load

Forced Outage
Rates
Historical
Temperatures
Thermal
Availability
Maintenance
Schedules
Wind
Randomization
Model
Hydro
Availability
Wind
Output
Demand
Response
Operating
Reserves
Net Power
Contracts
Thermal Capacity
Curves
Historical Water
Conditions
Reliability Model Data Work Flow Diagram
Customer Appeal
Other DR Programs
Long-Term
Contracts + Short
Term Contract
Limits
227
Loads
Load shapes are derived from historic daily high and low temperatures
Uses 120+ years of Spokane temperatures
The average load and the average of the seasonal peak load of the
1,000 scenarios are designed to match the long-term energy & peak
forecasts
Two years of historical hourly loads (netted of large industrials) were
used as the dependant variable of a regression analysis
303 independent variables were considered including: temperature,
holidays, day of week, month, and hour
Resulted in a 94% R2 and 5.3% standard error

228
Hydro
Randomly selects a hydro year between 1928 and 1999
Each hydro year includes monthly energy averages
Run-of-river facilities
–Monthly energy average is used for all hours of the month
–No shaping or reserves are assumed to be available
Storage facilities
– Monthly average generation equals the “drawn” hydro level
–In case of planned/forced outage, water can be spilled
–Linear program moves energy into hours needed to meet load
–Reservoir min and max levels, ramping rates, and daily limits are enforced
–Unused capacity is held as operating reserves
229
Thermal
Temperature dependency
–Gas-fired facilities use capacity based upon location
temperatures
–Temperatures are randomly drawn and are the same as the
temperatures used in the load and wind calculation
Forced outages
–Input forced outage rate and mean-time-to-repair
–Outages occur randomly using a frequency and duration
method
–Ramp rates are used following outages
Maintenance schedules
–Planned maintenance schedules are assumed
–Typical outages are in April though June

230
Wind
In 2020, only one wind project is expected to be on-line- The 105
MW Palouse Wind Farm
The project is expected to be on-line by the end of 2012
Little generation data is available at this time- only a few years of
wind speed at a few locations
To simulate wind generation a regression analysis was used to
create a algorithm adjusting generation based on month,
temperature, daytime vs nighttime and previous hour(s)
generation.
Method creates realistic generation profile, but due to lack of
historical data- scenarios will done to understand the variability of
wind during high or low temperatures.

231
Demand Curtailment
Customer appeal
–Public appeal to all customers to conserve energy, radio/TV
broadcasts
–Base case includes 25 MW reductions up to two times per year
for hours across the peak
Industrial process
–Not included in base case
–Designed to shift load from peak hours
Sensitivities studies can help determine value of programs

232
Reserves
Operating Reserves:
–5% hydro, 7% thermal, 5% wind generation
Regulating Margin:
–1.6% of average hourly load level (based on historical average
of max load within hour versus average load)
Intermediate (Wind) Resource Regulation:
–Lesser of 10% of nameplate capacity or generation amount
Reserves are met by excess hydro capacity (for spin & non-spin)
and thermal generation not running may be used for non-spin.
In the event a unit trips- the model will call on regional reserves for
1 hour

233
Contracts & Market
Long-term contracts are included as hourly fixed power coming
into the system
Short-term system balancing transaction are allowed with limits:
–On Peak: 500 MW
–Off Peak: 1000 MW
–On Peak Constrained: 0 MW
–Off Peak Constrained: 500 MW
Hourly market is modeled dynamically adjusting for regional
temperatures and hydro conditions (future enhancement would be
to include wind correlation)

234
Objective Function
Load Serving
- Load [SM]
+ Thermal commitment [RM]
+ Hydro commitment [LP]
+ Wind generation [SM/RM]
+/- LT Contracts
+ Demand curtailment (optional) [LP]
+/- Market transactions
>= 0 or event triggered
Operating Reserves
- Operating Reserve Requirement
- Intra-hour load regulation
- Wind regulation
+ Available thermal non-spin capability
+ Unused hydro capability (spin & non-spin)
>= 0 or event triggered

SM: Stochastic Model
RM: Randomization Model
LP: Linear Program
What should the penalty be for curtailing load?
235
Metrics
Monthly and Annual Data
Loss of Load Probability (LOLP): percent of iterations with a reserve or load loss
–Calculation: iterations with event / # of iterations
–Metric: 5% or less
Loss of Load Hour (LOLH): expected number of hours each year with a load loss
–Calculation: total hours with event / (# of iterations)
–Metric: 0.24 (24 hours per 10 years)
Loss of Load Expectation (LOLE): expected number of days each year with a load
loss
–Calculation: Days with event / # of iterations
–Metric: 1 day in 10 years or 0.10 or less [or do we want 0.05, 1 in 20?]
Equivalent Unserved Energy (EUE): average MWh of lost load over a year

236
Planning Margin Approach
Simulate system by adding new resources and/or market reliance
until the 5% LOLP threshold is met
Estimate annual power supply costs for each case
Management must decide on the acceptable level of market
reliance given the cost of new generation
Year 2020 is used to estimate planning margin for other years

237
2020 Position Forecast (Draft)
3 day x 6 hour Sustained Peak
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Peak Load -1,786 -1,639 -1,518 -1,362 -1,238 -1,369 -1,665 -1,636 -1,332 -1,418 -1,651 -1,814
Contracts Sales -6 -6 -6 -6 -7 -7 -8 -8 -7 -6 -6 -6
Total Peak Obligation -1,793 -1,646 -1,524 -1,368 -1,245 -1,376 -1,673 -1,644 -1,339 -1,424 -1,657 -1,820
Contract Purchases 92 94 96 96 97 95 88 85 85 87 89 92
Hydro 881 823 749 1,052 1,050 1,045 883 840 763 857 878 890
Thermal 884 881 874 755 450 499 775 780 797 865 873 882
Wind 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Peaking 242 236 230 222 182 180 172 176 114 92 232 240
Total Resouarces 2,100 2,034 1,950 2,125 1,778 1,818 1,919 1,881 1,759 1,901 2,072 2,105
Position 307 389 426 757 534 443 246 237 421 477 415 284
Net Reserve Requirement -40 -61 -153 -140 -130 -139 -30 -31 0 0 -21 -41
Position Net Reserves 267 328 273 617 404 304 216 206 421 477 394 243
Implied Planning Margin 15%20%18%45%32%22%13%13%31%33%24%13%
238
2020 Probabilistic Capacity Requirements
(No Additions or Market Availability)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
0%5%
10
%
15
%
20
%
25
%
30
%
35
%
40
%
45
%
50
%
55
%
60
%
65
%
70
%
75
%
80
%
85
%
90
%
95
%
Ca
p
a
c
i
t
y

S
h
o
r
t
f
a
l
l

(
a
M
W
)
Percent of Iterations
239
2020 Measure of Hours and Shortfall aMW
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Sh
o
r
t
f
a
l
l

(
a
M
W
)
Shortfall Hours
240
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Zero 100 200 250 275 285 300 400
LO
L
P
Market Reliance
Market Reliance Affect to LOLP in 2020
Target LOLP
5%
28
0

M
W

=

5
%

L
O
L
P

241
2020 LOLP Monthly Results
Market
Reliance Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Annual
Zero 10% 3% 1% 0% 0% 0% 27% 23% 0% 0% 2% 10% 58.2%
100 5% 1% 0% 0% 0% 0% 14% 12% 0% 0% 1% 5% 32.9%
200 2% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 6% 4% 0% 0% 0% 1% 12.4%
250 1% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 3% 2% 0% 0% 0% 1% 7.3%
275 1% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 2% 2% 0% 0% 0% 1% 5.4%
285 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 2% 2% 0% 0% 0% 0% 4.6%
300 1% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 2% 1% 0% 0% 0% 1% 4.1%
400 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 1% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 1.0%
242
2020 LOLH Monthly Results
Market
Reliance Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Annual
Zero

0.86

0.22

0.07

-

-

-

1.94

1.28

0.03

0.01

0.32

0.78

5.50
100

0.46

0.06

0.00

-

-

-

0.82

0.51

0.04

0.00

0.10

0.26

2.26
200

0.08

0.02

0.00

-

-

-

0.28

0.15

0.00

-

0.01

0.08

0.62
250

0.04

0.02

-

-

-

-

0.16

0.09

-

-

0.02

0.02

0.35
275

0.03

0.01

-

-

-

-

0.12

0.06

-

-

0.02

0.01

0.24
285

0.02

0.01

-

-

-

-

0.10

0.06

-

-

0.01

0.01

0.21
300

0.04

-

0.00

-

-

-

0.10

0.03

-

-

0.01

0.03

0.20
0.24 on an annual basis is considered a “reliable” system
243
Unit Size Affect to LOLP in 2020
Measure Definition Goal
300 MW
Market
3- 100
MW
Units
2- 150
MW
Units
1- 300
MW
Unit
LOLP Probability 5% 4.1% 7.5% 8.4% 10.8%
LOLH Hrs/Yr 0.24 0.20 0.30 0.38 0.45
EUE aMW N/A 16 22 30 37
244
Resource allocation to get to 5% LOLP goal
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
-
50
100
150
200
250
300
0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300 325
In
c
r
e
m
e
n
t
a
l

C
o
s
t

(
$
M
i
l
l
/
Y
r
)
Ma
r
k
e
t

D
e
p
e
n
d
a
n
c
e

(
M
W
)
New Capacity
MW
Annual Cost
34% 30% 21% 18% 28% 25% 16% 14% Winter PM Summer PM
245

Energy Storage Technologies
John Lyons, Senior Resource Policy Analyst
Third Technical Advisory Committee Meeting
2013 Electric Integrated Resource Plan
November 7, 2012

246
Types of Energy Storage
Pumped Hydro
Batteries
Flywheel
Compressed Air

2
http://www.electricitystorage.org/images/uploads/static_content/technology/technology_resources/ratings_large.gif
247
248
Energy Storage Applications
Electric Supply
•Electric energy time-shift
•Electric supply capacity

Ancillary Services
•Load following
•Area regulation
•Electric supply reserve
capacity
•Voltage support

4
Grid System
•Transmission support
•Transmission congestion
relief
•Transmission and
distribution upgrade
deferral
•Substation on-site power

Eyer, J. and Corey, G. (2010) Energy Storage for the Electricity Grid: Benefits and Market Potential Assessment
Guide. Sandia National Laboratory.
249
Energy Storage Applications
5
End User/Utility Customer
•Time-of-use energy cost management
•Demand charge management
•Electric service reliability
•Electric service power quality

Renewables Integration
•Renewables energy time-shift
•Renewables capacity firming
•Wind generation grid integration

Eyer, J. and Corey, G. (2010) Energy Storage for the Electricity Grid: Benefits and Market Potential Assessment
Guide. Sandia National Laboratory.
250
Pumped Hydro Storage
•Works by pumping water between two reservoirs with
different elevations during off peak periods
•Largest share of current energy storage in the US – over
20 GW capacity with 31 GW proposed

6
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Raccoon_Mountain_Pumped-Storage_Plant.svg
•Tend to be long
lead time
resources with
unique licensing
and siting issues
•Avista has
pumped storage
potential at Long
Lake and Noxon
Rapids

251
Batteries
•Charge off-peak, or during periods of excess variable
generation, for later use
•Several different types available:
•Litium-ion
•Sodium-sulfur
•Redox flow
•Zinc bromine

7
252
Flywheels
•Converts electric energy into rotational energy, which can
be called on quickly to convert back to electricity
•Uses: grid energy storage, short-term storage of excess
wind generation and providing regulation services
•Stephentown, NY – 20 MW (5 MWh over 15 minutes)

8
253
Compressed Air
•Technology based on compressing air and pumping it into
geological storage in off-peak periods for use in
subsequent periods.
•Ongoing projects
•1978 – 290 MW Huntorf in Germany (salt dome)
•1991 – 110 MW McIntosh, Alabama (salt cavern)
•Scheduled projects
•2016 – 300 MW (10 hours) PG&E in Kern County,
California
•2013 – 200 MW ADELE facility in Germany
•2016 – 317 MW Bethel Energy Center in Anderson
County, Texas

9
254
Energy Storage Federal and State Policies
•No real federal policies requiring the development of
energy storage
•Many federal proposals for tax benefits and proposed and
actual funding of pilot projects
•Many proposals at the state level, but few implemented

10
255
Economic Issues
•High cost of installation
•Low differentials between on and off peak prices
•2013 IRP = $4,000/kW for 5 MW in 2015

11
http://www.electricitystorage.org/images/uploads/static_content/technology/technology_resources/cycle_large.gif
256
Avista’s 2013 Electric Integrated Resource Plan
Technical Advisory Committee Meeting No. 4 Agenda
Wednesday, February 6, 2013
Conference Room 428

Topic Time Staff
1. Introduction 8:30

2. Natural Gas Price Forecast 8:35 Irvine

3. Electric Price Forecast 9:45 Gall

4. Break 10:45

5. Transmission Planning 11:00 Maguire

6. Lunch 12:00

7. Resource Needs Assessment 1:00 Kalich

8. Break 2:00

9. Market & Portfolio Scenario Development 2:15 Lyons

10. Adjourn 3:00
257
Avista Electric IRP
Natural Gas Price Forecast
Technical Advisory Committee Meeting
February 6, 2013
258
Agenda
• Natural Gas 101
• Pacific Northwest Supply and Infrastructure
• Natural Gas Price Fundamentals
• Short Term
• Long Term
• Fracking Facts and the Future of Shale

259
A Brief History ...
3
260
The Natural Gas System
My House
Pipeline
Receipt
Point
Delivery Point/
Gate Station
Storage
Gathering
System
Local
Distribution
System
Producer
Supply
4
261
Pipelines Offered a Bundled Service – “One Call, That’s All™”
Producer
Pipeline $$$
Supply
Utility/Thermal
Generation $$$
5
262
Pipeline
FERC ORDER 436
Pushed the Pipelines Out of the Supply Business

6
263
Avista Utilities
Puget Sound Energy
Shell
BP
Boeing
Gonzaga
Marketer B
Example of Contracting on a Pipeline
7
264
Now Services are Unbundled –
You Control the Price for Each Component
Supply $
Basin 1
Marketer $
Supply $
Basin 3
Hedge Fund $
Pipeline $
Supply $
Basin 2
Producer $
Pipeline $
Utility/Thermal
Generation $$$
8
265
Natural Gas Infrastructure in the Pacific Northwest
266
10
Pacific Northwest Supply and Infrastructure
AECO
Canadian gas coming out of Alberta, Canada
Rockies
U.S. domestic gas coming from Wyoming and Colorado
Sumas
Canadian gas coming out of British Columbia, Canada
Malin
South central at the Oregon and California border
Stanfield
Intersection of two major pipelines in North Central Oregon

Williams Northwest Pipeline
TransCanada Gas Transmission Northwest
TransCanada Foothills
TransCanada Alberta
Spectra Energy
Ruby Pipeline

Jackson Prairie Storage
Mist Storage
SU
P
P
L
Y

PI
P
E
L
I
N
E
S

ST
O
R
A
G
E

267
Types of Pipeline Contracts
Firm Transport
•Contractual rights to:
•Receive
•Transport
•Deliver
•From point A to point B
Interruptible Transport
•Contractual rights to:
•Receive
•Transport
•Deliver
•From point A to Point B AFTER FIRM TRANSPORT HAS BEEN SCHEDULED
Seasonal Transport
•Firm service available for limited periods (Nov-Mar) or for a limited amount (TF2 on NWP)
Alternate Firm Transport
•The use of firm transport outside of the primary path
•Priority rights below firm
•Priority rights above interruptible
11
268
Pipeline Rate Structure
•Pipeline charges a higher demand charge
and a lower variable or commodity charge
Straight Fixed
Variable (SFV)
•Pipeline charges a lower demand charge
and a higher variable or commodity charge
Enhanced
fixed variable
•Pay the same demand and variable costs
regardless of how far the gas is transported
Postage
Stamp Rate
•Pay a variable and demand charge based on
how far the gas is transported Mileage Based
269
Straight Fixed Variable Costs vs. Enhanced Fixed Variable
Demand Charge: Paid whether transport is used or not
Commodity or variable charge: Only paid when gas
is actually transported
Commodity
$.05
Commodity
$.01
Demand
$.40
Demand
$.44
EFV SFV
270
TransCanada Gas Transmission Northwest (GTN)
• Mileage Based
• Point to Point
• Alternate firm allowed in path
• Mostly – demand based with a couple Nomination based points
•Demand based refers to gas that will be taken off the pipeline
based on the demand behind the delivery point.
•Nomination based refers to the pipeline only delivering what was
nominated (requested).
• Usually requires upstream transportation
271
Mileage Base: Pay
based on how far
you move the gas
Jackson Prairie
272
Williams Northwest Pipeline (NWP)
• Postage Stamp Based
• Point to Point
•Delivery to „zones‟ allowed
• Alternate firm allowed in and out of path
• Demand based delivery
•Demand based refers to gas that will be taken off the pipeline
based on the demand behind the delivery point.
•Nomination based refers to the pipeline only delivering what was
nominated (requested).
• May or may not require upstream transportation
• Enhanced fixed variable structure
273
Postage Stamp:
Same costs
regardless of
distance or locations
Jackson Prairie
274
Gas Fields
Williams NW Pipeline
Connecting Pipelines Seattle Jackson Prairie
British
Columbia Alberta
Jackson Prairie Natural Gas Storage
Chehalis, Washington
Mist
275
The Facility
•Jackson Prairie is a series of
deep, underground reservoirs
– basically thick, porous
sandstone deposits.
•The sand layers lie
approximately 1,000 to 3,000
feet below the ground
surface.
•Large compressors and
pipelines are employed to
both inject and withdraw
natural gas at 54 wells
spread across the 3,200 acre
facility.
276
1.2 Bcf per day (energy equivalent)
10 coal trains with 100 - 50 ton cars each
29 - 500 MW gas-fired power plants
13 Hanford-sized nuclear power plants
2 Grand Coulee-sized hydro plants (biggest in US)

46 Bcf of stored gas
12” pipeline 11,000,000 miles long (226,000 miles to the moon)
1,400 Safeco Fields (Baseball Stadiums)
Average flow of the Columbia River for 2 days
Cube - 3,550 feet on a side
Jackson Prairie Interesting Energy Comparisons
20
277
Natural Gas Pricing Fundamentals
278
What Drives the Natural Gas Market?
Natural Gas Spot Prices (Henry Hub)
22

Supply
–Type: Conventional vs. Non-conventional
–Location
–Cost
Demand
–Residential/Commercial/Industrial
–Power Generation
–Natural Gas Vehicles
Legislation
–Environmental
Energy Correlations
–Oil vs. Gas
–Coal vs. Gas
–Natural Gas Liquids
Weather
Storage
279
$0
$2
$4
$6
$8
$10
$12
$14
Jan-00 Jan-01 Jan-02 Jan-03 Jan-04 Jan-05 Jan-06 Jan-07 Jan-08 Jan-09 Jan-10 Jan-11 Jan-12 Jan-13
no
m
i
n
a
l

$
/
m
m
b
t
u
Henry Hub: History & Forecast
Source: Wood Mackenzie, ICE
The Evolving Trend in Henry Hub Pricing
???
280
Short Term Market Perspective
$0.00
$2.00
$4.00
$6.00
$8.00
$10.00
$12.00
$14.00
1-Jan 1-Feb 1-Mar 1-Apr 1-May 1-Jun 1-Jul 1-Aug 1-Sep 1-Oct 1-Nov 1-Dec
$/
D
t
h
Spot Henry Hub Price
Five Year Range
(2007 -2011)
2012
2013
Source: EIA
281
Short Term Market Perspective
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Bc
f
/
d
Dry Gas Production
Five Year Range (2006 -2010)
2011
2012
282
Short Term Market Perspective
Storage (as of January 25, 2013)
283
The Short Term Fundamentals
Bulls
• Weather – Normal is now bullish.
• Dwindling rig counts.
• Economic recovery.
• Coal/Nuke displacement.

Bears
• Production is high.
• Demand is weak.
• Storage is full.
• Oh yeah, production is high.
• Did I mention, production is high.

284
28
$-
$1.00
$2.00
$3.00
$4.00
$5.00
$6.00
$7.00
$8.00
$9.00
$10.00
$11.00
$12.00
$13.00
$14.00
$/
D
e
k
a
t
h
e
r
m
Fundamental Forecasts vs. Actual Prices
Henry Hub
Consultant 1 -Dec 2012 Consultant 2 -Dec 2012 NYMEX -Jan 9, 2013 EIA -Jan 2013
Actuals Forecast
285
Forecasted Long Term Natural Gas Production 286
1316
429
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
Fe
b

'
0
9
Ma
r
Ap
r
Ma
y
Ju
n
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l
Au
g
Se
p
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t
No
v
De
c
Ja
n

'
1
0
Fe
b
Ma
r
Ap
r
Ma
y
Ju
n
Ju
l
Au
g
Se
p
Oc
t
No
v
De
c
Ja
n

'
1
1
Fe
b
Ma
r
Ap
r
Ma
y
Ju
n
Ju
l
Au
g
Se
p
Oc
t
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v
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c
Ja
n

'
1
2
Fe
b
Ma
r
Ap
r
Ma
y
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n
e
Ju
l
y
Au
g
Se
p
Oc
t
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v
De
c
Ja
n

'
1
3
Bc
f
/
d
#
o
f

R
i
g
s
Production Oil Gas
Forecast
The Link Between Rig Counts and Production
It ain’t what it used to be.
287
North American Pipeline Infrastructure
31
288
Shale Changed Everything
If shale were a country ... it would be the third-largest gas producer!
32
289
The Evolving Flow Dynamics
33
290
The Decoupling of Crude Oil vs. Natural Gas Prices
Old rules
don‟t
apply!
291
NGL’s Impact on the Cost to Produce
35
Natural Gas Liquids (NGL‟s) include ethane, propane, normal butane,
isobutane, pentane, natural gasoline, and sulphur. They are a bi-product
of natural gas production and have many uses and great value.
• Ethane – is used to create etheleyne a feedstock in petrochemical
production.
• Propane - used as a fuel source. Can be used in cigarette
lighters, motor vehicle fuel, portable stoves and lamps, and heating
fuel.
• Normal butane and Isobutane – used in refinery akylation
• Natural gasoline – used in refinery feedstock, crude dilutent, and
chemical applications.
• Sulphur – used in agricultural fertilizers and industrial feedstock.

292
NGL’s Impact on the Cost to Produce cont.
36
NGL‟s enhance the production economics for producers. NGL‟s are a
main contributor to understanding why gas production companies
continue to produce even with gas prices at very low levels.

The following table illustrates how the economics can improve with a
credit for NGL‟s.

Shale Play Cost to Produce
without NGL’s
Credit
Cost to Produce
including NGL’s
Credit
Marcellus $4.81 $2.83
Montney $3.85 $0.57
Barnett $5.39 $2.41
Note: This information is from one of our consultants. These costs are indicative of the impact. The costs can vary from play to
play and company to company.
293
Canada Dry vs. Canada Not Dry
Why won’t Canada be dry?
• Tons of JV money
• IP rates are proving to be better than
anticipated.
• Horn River IP rates have
increased 150%
• Economics are pretty good too.
• Duverney in particular is liquids
rich.
• New discoveries = Liard Basin

294
LNG Export is the New Import
Source: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission

Source: Geology.com
LNG traditionally flows to North America after other higher-priced markets receive their share
Source: Apache LNG
295
 Declining rig counts
 “Fracking” bans and/or legislation
 Any economic recovery
 Power generation
 Carbon legislation
 LNG exports
“The Best Indicator Of Future Behavior Is Past Behavior?”
 Production levels continue to remain
higher than expected
 Slow economic recovery
 Moderation in weather
How low can you go?
Seems more upside risk?
296
Long Term Gas Price Drivers
•Economy = Demand
•Recession, Depression, Inflation, etc.
•Industrial Demand
•Demand for Power Generation
•US Natural Gas Production
•LNG Exports/Imports – Global Dynamics
•North American Storage Capacity
•Correlation (or lack thereof) with other energy products
•The Environment
•Carbon Legislation
•Renewable Portfolio Standards
•The “F” Word - FRACKING
297
IRP Natural Gas Price Forecast Methodology
1.Two fundamental forecasts (Consultant #1 & Consultant #2)
2.Forward prices
3.Carbon legislation adder beginning in 2023 ($14/ton grows to $22/ton)
4.Year 1 forward price only
5.Year 2 75% forward price / 25% average consultant forecasts
6.Year 3 50% forward price / 50% average consultant forecasts
7.Year 4 – 6 25% forward price / 75% average consultant forecasts
8.Year 7 50% average consultant without CO2 / 50% average consultant
with CO2

298
Henry Hub Price Forecasts
Nominal $/Dth
$-
$2.00
$4.00
$6.00
$8.00
$10.00
$12.00
$14.00
$16.00
$18.00
$20.00
$22.00
20
0
9
20
1
0
20
1
1
20
1
2
20
1
3
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
20
2
4
20
2
5
20
2
6
20
2
7
20
2
8
20
2
9
20
3
0
$/
D
t
h
Consult1 Consult2 AEO NYMEX NPCC Low NPCC Medium NPCC High
2009 IRP Forecasted Prices 299
Natural Gas Price Forecasts
Nominal $/Dth
$0.00
$1.00
$2.00
$3.00
$4.00
$5.00
$6.00
$7.00
$8.00
$9.00
$10.00
Consultant 1
Consultant 2
Consultant Avg
Forwards (11/30/12)
Consultant Avg w/o CO2 Leg.
300
Forecasted Levelized Henry Hub Price (2013 – 2033)
Nominal $/Dth
5.46
4.59 4.95
-
3.00
6.00
9.00
$/
D
t
h
301
Selected Basin Forecasted Prices
Nominal $/Dth
$0.00
$1.00
$2.00
$3.00
$4.00
$5.00
$6.00
$7.00
$8.00
$9.00
$10.00
AECO
Stanfield
Malin
Henry Hub
302
Forecasted Levelized Selected Basin Prices (2013 – 2033)
Nominal $/Dth
5.46
$4.78
$5.24 $5.33
$0.00
$3.00
$6.00
$9.00
$/
D
t
h
303
Fracking Facts and the Future of Shale
304
What is Shale Gas?
Shale gas refers to natural
gas that is trapped within
shale formations.

Shales are fine-grained
sedimentary rocks that can
be rich sources of
petroleum and natural gas.

Over the past decade, the
combination of horizontal
drilling and hydraulic
fracturing has allowed
access to large volumes of
shale gas that were
previously uneconomical to
produce.

305
Fracking “Facts” Make Headlines
“Insiders Sound an Alarm Amid a Natural Gas Rush”
“Shale plays are just giant Ponzi schemes” – New York
Times

“Because it’s releasing gases, they’re not able to trap it
as much, it’s coming right through the ground.”
” – John Krasinski “The Late Show with David
Letterman”

“Fracking Shale Gas Emissions Far Worse Than Coal” –
Cornell Chronicle
306
The “F” Word
What is “Fracking”?
Hydraulic fracturing (HF or “fracking”) is a process for producing oil and
natural gas. A mixture of water, chemicals and a “proppant” (usually sand)
is pumped into a well at extremely high pressures to fracture rock and allow
natural gas to escape.
An estimated 11,000 new wells are fractured each year; and estimates
show another 1,400 existing wells are re-fractured to stimulate production or
to produce natural gas from a different production zone.
HF has been around for well over 60 years. This process has been used on
over one million producing oil and gas wells. Federal, state and other
regulatory bodies have had regulations in place for over 50 years.

307
What Are Some Of The Issues?
Of the many allegations made in the headlines, recent press has
focused its attention on the volumes, costs, and environmental
impacts of shale gas production.

Issue #1: Shale resources are overestimated.

Issue #2: Shale gas is uneconomic to produce.

Issue #3: Hydraulic fracturing pollutes the air, contaminates water,
and causes earthquakes.
308
What Are The Facts?
Fact: Many independent organizations, companies,
and governments have examined and assessed data
in order to develop estimated shale gas resource
figures. All have concluded that the reserve base is
much greater than previously anticipated.

A recently released MIT study states:
“In the US, despite their relative maturity, natural gas
resources continue to grow, and the development of low-cost
and abundant unconventional gas resources, particularly
shale gas has a material impact on future availability and
price.” Ernest Moniz, MIT Professor at a hearing before the
Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee.
Issue #1: Shale resources are overestimated.
309
Who Estimates The Reserve Base?
One of the most widely
used estimate is from the
Potential Gas Committee.

Shale had its first noticeable
impact in 2006, nobody
questioned it.

In 2008, as more data
becomes available another
adjustment is made, nobody
questioned it.

Now, with even more data a
modest increase in shale
reserves is made, and now
the questioning begins.

Who is the Potential Gas Committee? 100 Volunteer Geoscientists & Petroleum Engineers
310
What Are The Facts?
Fact: It is true that current gas prices have fallen to low levels making
the economics of some wells challenging. However, there are several
factors that are helping to make the economics work.

• Natural Gas Liquids – many of the shale plays are liquids rich. These
liquids can be sold at prices which are linked to higher priced oil. The
liquids revenue helps to offset costs.
• Drilling effectiveness – producers are showing increases in:
• Wells per year per rig
• Lateral length
• 30 day average production rate.

It‟s only math: Costs/Volume (Costs / Volumes )

Issue #2: Shale gas is uneconomic to
produce.
311
What Are The Facts?
Fact: Water contamination – Contamination
of water could occur in a couple of ways,
one is by factures seeping gas and oil into
the water table. Secondarily, much water is
used in the HF process. This water is mixed
with other things and could be spilled and be
absorbed into the water table.

Issue #3: “Hydraulic fracturing contaminates ground water, pollutes the air,
and causes earthquakes.”
FracFocus.org – Public registry created and managed by
state regulators
Searchable public database with well-by-well
information and glossary of chemicals
More than 10,000 wells and over 100 participating
companies; several states using as tool for
compliance reporting

312
Hydraulic Fracturing and the Water Table
313
How much is 5 Million
gallons of water?

It is equivalent to the
amount of water
consumed by:

• New York City in about
seven (7) minutes
• A 500 megawatt coal-
fired power plant in 1 day
• A golf course in 25 days
• 10 acres of cotton in a
season

While these represent
continuing consumption,
the water used for a gas
well is a one-time use.
How Much Water Is Used in Hydraulic
Fracturing?
314
What Are The Facts?
Fact: Pollution – as with most industrial activities there the issue of
pollution must be addressed. Most concerning in natural gas
processing is the release of volatile organic compounds (VOC) or
carcinogens and methane.

Most of the air pollutants at gas sites occurs during the completion
phase of processing. The EPA just established rules that will curtail
the amount of air pollution caused by gas and oil production.
Companies have until 2015 to comply with the new rules, however
over half of the companies currently use the required technology.
Issue #3 cont.: “Hydraulic fracturing contaminates ground water, pollutes
the air, and causes earthquakes.”
315
What Are The Facts?
Fact: Earthquakes – It was reported that a recent study conducted by
the US Geological Survey appeared to indicate increased seismic
activity due to HF.

"USGS's studies do not suggest that hydraulic fracturing, commonly known as
'fracking,' causes the increased rate of earthquakes," Hayes wrote. "USGS's
scientists have found, however, that at some locations the increase in
seismicity coincides with the injection of wastewater in deep disposal wells.“ –
DOI Deputy Secretary David Hayes

Issue #3 cont.: “Hydraulic fracturing contaminates ground water, pollutes
the air, and causes earthquakes.”
316
Bottom Line:
Many benefits can be realized:
•Providing jobs
•Rejuvenating the chemical,
manufacturing, and steel industry
•Bridge fuel to a renewable energy
future
•Reduce dependence on foreign oil

However, there are important environmental
issues that will need to continue to be
addressed. Industry and regulators should
continue to work together to ensure safe
development of this vital resource.
317
Electric Price Forecast
James Gall
Fourth Technical Advisory Committee Meeting
2013 Electric Integrated Resource Plan
February 6, 2013

318
Historical Mid-Columbia Prices- What year is it?
13.40
23.06 23.62
122.13
129.51
22.33
38.09 42.44
58.89
45.76
51.85
59.48
32.86 32.99
24.18 19.58
$0
$20
$40
$60
$80
$100
$120
$140
19
9
7
19
9
8
19
9
9
20
0
0
20
0
1
20
0
2
20
0
3
20
0
4
20
0
5
20
0
6
20
0
7
20
0
8
20
0
9
20
1
0
20
1
1
20
1
2
$
p
e
r

M
W
h
Energy Crisis
Natural Gas Market Tightens
Shale Development Cheap Natural
Gas, good
hydro
319
Historic Mid-Columbia and Stanfield Prices
-
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
$
p
e
r

M
W
h
Mid Columbia Firm Electric Prices
-
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
9.00
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
$
p
e
r

D
T
H
Stanfield Natural Gas Prices
Strong tie between natural gas and electric
market
Increased natural gas supply/ lower prices
causing price declines at the Mid-Columbia
Are prices now at a new normal?
320
Pricing Relationships
-
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
10,000
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
IM
H
R
:

M
i
d

C
/
S
t
a
n
f
i
e
l
d

Annual Implied Market Heat Rate
(4.00)
(2.00)
-
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
(M
i
d

C

-
St
a
n
f
i
e
l
d

*

7
)
Spark Spread
Implied Market Heat Rate illustrates new wind
supply contributing to lowering market prices
Spark Spread shows margin opportunities for
Combined Cycle Resources
2011’s above average hydro reduced prices
further
321
The Ghost of IRP’s Past
$0
$20
$40
$60
$80
$100
$120
$140
$160
$180
$200
20
0
3
20
0
4
20
0
5
20
0
6
20
0
7
20
0
8
20
0
9
20
1
0
20
1
1
20
1
2
20
1
3
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
20
2
4
20
2
5
20
2
6
20
2
7
20
2
8
20
2
9
20
3
0
20
3
1
$
p
e
r

M
W
h
Index 2003 2005
2007 2009 2011
322
2013 IRP Modeling Process
Preferred
Resource
Strategy

AURORA
“Wholesale Electric
Market”

500 Simulations

PRiSM
“Avista Portfolio”

Efficient Frontier

Fuel Prices
Fuel Availability
Resource Availability
Demand
Environmental
Considerations
Existing Resources
Resource Options
Transmission
Resource &
Portfolio
Margins
Conservation
Trends
Existing
Resources
Avista Load
Forecast
Energy,
Capacity,
& RPS
Balances New Resource
Options & Costs
Cost Effective T&D
Projects/Costs
Cost Effective
Conservation
Measures/Costs
Mid-Columbia
Prices
Stochastic Inputs Deterministic Inputs
Capacity
Value
Avoided
Costs
323
Retail Sales by Western State
-
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Av
e
r
a
g
e

M
W
NV UT AZ NM CO WY MT ID OR WA CA
WA
14%
OR7%
ID
3%MT
2%
WY
2%
CO
8%
NM3%
AZ11%
CA41%
UT4%
NV
5%
Source: SNL
1.2%
annual
growth
324
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
19
9
5
19
9
6
19
9
7
19
9
8
19
9
9
20
0
0
20
0
1
20
0
2
20
0
3
20
0
4
20
0
5
20
0
6
20
0
7
20
0
8
20
0
9
20
1
0
20
1
1
Av
e
r
a
g
e

G
i
g
a
w
a
t
t
s
Other Wind Oil Natural Gas Coal Nuclear Hydro
National Historic Power Generation
Source: SNL
Coal
43%
Natural
Gas24%
Nuclear19%
Oil
1%
Hydro8%
Wind
3%
Other
2%
325
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Natural Gas Nuclear Oil Hydro Wind Other Lost Load
Av
e
r
a
g
e

G
i
g
a
w
a
t
t
s
US Coal Generation Displacement
Between 2007 and 2011, Coal Generation decreased 32 aGW
Source: SNL
326
US Western Interconnect Generation by Fuel Type
Source: SNL
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Other 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Wind 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 4
Hydro 19 20 23 20 19 19 19 25
Oil 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nuclear 8 8 7 8 8 8 8 8
Natural Gas 21 21 23 26 27 26 24 20
Coal 27 27 25 26 26 25 25 24
Total 79 80 84 85 86 84 83 84
-
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Av
e
r
a
g
e

G
i
g
a
w
a
t
t
s
327
US Western Interconnect Energy Versus Capacity
Coal
16%
Natural
Gas
42%Nuclear
5%
Oil
0%
Hydro
27%
Wind
7%
Other
3%
Coal
29%
Natural
Gas
23%Nuclear
10%
Oil
0%
Hydro 30%
Wind
4%
Other
4%
2011 Energy
84 aGW
2011 Capacity
204 GW
Source: SNL
Actual coincident peak was 128.7 GW (8/25/2011)
328
Historic US Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Source: EIA
-
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Mi
l
l
i
o
n

M
e
t
r
i
c

T
o
n
s
Residential Commercial
Industrial Electric Power
Transportation
-1.0%-0.5%0.0%0.5%1.0%1.5%
Commercial
Industrial
Residential
Transportation
Electric Power
Total
Annual Average Emissions Growth (1990-2010)
Electric power in 2011
is 4.6% below 2010,
A total of 11%
reduction since 2007
329
Western Electric Generation Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Source: EIA
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Delta AAGR
WY 40 39 43 41 43 40 41 41 44 42 44 44 42 43 44 43 43 43 44 41 42 2.3 0.3%
WA 8 8 10 10 12 8 11 9 12 11 14 14 11 14 14 14 9 12 13 13 13 5.5 2.8%
UT 29 28 30 30 31 29 30 31 31 32 33 32 33 34 34 35 35 37 38 35 34 4.9 0.8%
OR 2 4 5 4 5 3 3 3 6 6 7 9 6 8 8 8 6 10 10 9 10 7.8 8.8%
NV 17 18 19 18 20 18 20 19 21 21 25 24 21 23 25 26 17 17 18 18 17 -0.1 0.0%
NM 27 23 26 27 28 27 28 29 29 30 31 30 28 30 30 32 32 31 30 32 29 1.7 0.3%
MT 16 17 18 15 18 17 14 16 18 18 17 18 16 18 19 19 19 20 20 17 20 3.7 1.1%
ID 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.7 41.1%
CO 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 39 41 40 40 40 40 41 42 41 38 39 8.1 1.2%
CA 40 38 46 42 49 37 33 36 39 43 53 58 44 43 46 42 46 50 51 48 43 3.2 0.4%
AZ 33 33 35 37 38 32 32 35 37 39 44 45 45 46 51 50 52 55 57 52 54 21.4 2.6%
TOTAL 242 238 263 256 278 245 245 253 273 278 306 315 286 299 312 310 302 316 321 303 301 59.2 1.1%
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Mi
l
l
i
o
n

M
e
t
r
i
c

T
o
n
s
330
3rd party software- EPIS, Inc.
Electric market fundamentals- production cost model
Simulates generation dispatch to meet load
Outputs:
–Market prices
–Regional energy mix
–Transmission usage
–Greenhouse gas emissions
–Power plant margins, generation levels, fuel costs
– Avista’s variable power supply costs
Electric Market Modeling
331
Stochastic Approach
Simulate Western Electric market hourly for next 20 years (2014-33)
–That is 175,248 hours for each study
Model 500 potential outcomes
–Variables include fuel prices, loads, wind, hydro, outages, inflation
–Simulating 87.6 million hours
Run time is about 5 days on 27 processors
Why do we do this?
–Allows for complete financial evaluation of resource alternatives
–Without stochastic prices we cannot account for tail risk

332
Aurora Pricing Example- Supply/Demand Curve
-$100
-$50
$0
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
$350
0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000
$
p
e
r

M
W
h
Capability (MW)
Hydro (Must Run for Negative Pricing)
CCCT
Peakers
Demand
Hydro Availability
Fu
e
l

P
r
i
c
e
s
/
V
a
r
i
a
b
l
e

O
&
M

Other Resource Availability
Nuclear/ Co-Gen/ Coal/ Other
Wind (Net PTC/REC)
Market Price
333
Modeled Western Interconnect Topology
334
Greenhouse Gas Emissions Modeling
No national greenhouse gas tax or cap & trade is modeled
California, Alberta, and British Columbia greenhouse gas
reduction schemes are modeled
Assumes some coal plants will retire due to EPA regulations
Plants were selected for retirement based on fuel costs,
emission control technology and its location
Assume certain natural gas once-through-cooling plants in
California will be retired over time
State RPS requirements met mostly by wind & solar

335
Forecasted Resource Retirements
-
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
-
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
20
1
3
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
20
2
4
20
2
5
20
2
6
20
2
7
20
2
8
20
2
9
20
3
0
20
3
1
20
3
2
20
3
3
Cu
m
u
l
a
t
i
v
e

M
e
g
a
w
a
t
t
s
Me
g
a
w
a
t
t
s
Oil NG Coal Cumulative Retirements
Natural Gas retirements are related to lost generation from once-through-cooling technology phase out in California
336
New Resource Alternatives
Western Interconnect
Resource alternatives to meet Renewable Portfolio Standards
–Wind
–Solar
–Biomass
–Geothermal
–Hydro Upgrades
Resource alternatives to meet regional capacity requirements
–Combined Cycle
–Simple Cycle (Aero, Frame, Hybrid)
–Solar
–Wind (non RPS states)
–Nuclear
–Coal IGCC with Sequestration
–Energy Storage (not modeled)

337
Resource Additions (Western Interconnect)
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
20
2
4
20
2
5
20
2
6
20
2
7
20
2
8
20
2
9
20
3
0
20
3
1
20
3
2
20
3
3
Cu
m
u
l
a
t
i
v
e

M
W
An
n
u
a
l

M
W
Hydro Geothermal Biomass
Wind Solar SCCT
CCCT Cumulative Capacity
338
Resource Additions (Northwest)- Maintain 5% LOLP
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
20
2
4
20
2
5
20
2
6
20
2
7
20
2
8
20
2
9
20
3
0
20
3
1
20
3
2
20
3
3
Cu
m
u
l
a
t
i
v
e

M
W
An
n
u
a
l

M
W
Hydro Geothermal Biomass
Wind Solar SCCT
CCCT Cumulative Capacity
Will policy makers
want more
renewables?
339
US Western Interconnect Resource Forecasted Output
DRAFT
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033
Other 6 6 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
Wind 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
Oil 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Natural Gas 21 23 24 25 25 26 26 28 29 30 32 33 34 36 37 39 40 43 44 45
Coal 25 23 21 21 21 20 20 20 19 19 19 19 18 18 18 17 17 16 16 16
Nuclear 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
Hydro 23 23 24 23 23 24 23 24 24 24 23 23 24 23 23 24 23 23 23 23
Total 89 89 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 97 98 99 100 101 103 105 106 107 109 110
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Av
e
r
a
g
e

G
i
g
a
w
a
t
t
s
340
Stanfield Natural Gas Price Forecast
$0
$2
$4
$6
$8
$10
$12
$14
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
20
2
4
20
2
5
20
2
6
20
2
7
20
2
8
20
2
9
20
3
0
20
3
1
20
3
2
20
3
3
$
p
e
r

M
W
h
Mean
Median
5th Percentile
95th Percentile
Levelized Price: $5.38/Dth
5th Percentile: $4.14/Dth
95th Percentile: $7.12/Dth
341
$0
$10
$20
$30
$40
$50
$60
$70
$80
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
20
2
4
20
2
5
20
2
6
20
2
7
20
2
8
20
2
9
20
3
0
20
3
1
20
3
2
20
3
3
$
p
e
r

M
W
h
Flat
Off -Peak
On-Peak
Mid-Columbia Annual Average Forecast
Levelized Price: $44.60/MWh
DRAFT 342
$0
$20
$40
$60
$80
$100
$120
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
20
2
4
20
2
5
20
2
6
20
2
7
20
2
8
20
2
9
20
3
0
20
3
1
20
3
2
20
3
3
$
p
e
r

M
W
h
Mean
Median
5th Percentile
95th Percentile
Mid-Columbia Electric Prices: Stochastic Results
Levelized Price: $44.60/MWh
5th Percentile: $36.00/MWh
95th Percentile: $57.15/MWh
DRAFT 343
Implied Market Heat Rate (Mid-C / Stanfield x 1,000)
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
20
2
4
20
2
5
20
2
6
20
2
7
20
2
8
20
2
9
20
3
0
20
3
1
20
3
2
20
3
3
Mi
d
-C/
S
t
a
n
f
i
e
l
d

x

1
0
0
0
Mean
5th Percentile
95th Percentile
DRAFT 344
Mid-Columbia Negative Electric Pricing
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
20
2
4
20
2
5
20
2
6
20
2
7
20
2
8
20
2
9
20
3
0
20
3
1
20
3
2
20
3
3
Ho
u
r
s

w
i
t
h

N
e
g
a
t
i
v
e

P
r
i
c
e
s
Mean
Median
5th Percentile
95th Percentile
2011 had 202 hours and 2012 had 552 according to Powerdex hourly index
345
Western US Greenhouse Gas Emissions Forecast
DRAFT
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
20
2
4
20
2
5
20
2
6
20
2
7
20
2
8
20
2
9
20
3
0
20
3
1
20
3
2
20
3
3
Mi
l
l
i
o
n
s

M
e
t
r
i
c

T
o
n
s
Mean 5th Percentile 95th Percentile
346
$0
$20
$40
$60
$80
$100
$120
$140
$160
$180
$200
20
0
3
20
0
4
20
0
5
20
0
6
20
0
7
20
0
8
20
0
9
20
1
0
20
1
1
20
1
2
20
1
3
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
20
2
4
20
2
5
20
2
6
20
2
7
20
2
8
20
2
9
20
3
0
20
3
1
20
3
2
20
3
3
$
p
e
r

M
W
h
Index
2003
2005
2007
2009
2011
2013
IRP Electric Price Forecast Comparison
2007-2011 IRP expected case forecasts included carbon reduction schemes increasing market prices
347
IRP Price Forecast Comparison (No CO2 Pricing)
$0
$10
$20
$30
$40
$50
$60
$70
$80
$90
$100
20
0
3
20
0
4
20
0
5
20
0
6
20
0
7
20
0
8
20
0
9
20
1
0
20
1
1
20
1
2
20
1
3
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
20
2
4
20
2
5
20
2
6
20
2
7
20
2
8
20
2
9
20
3
0
20
3
1
20
3
2
20
3
3
$
p
e
r

M
W
h
Index
200320052007*
2009*
2011*2013
Forwards
348
TAC PRESENTATION
New Resource Integration – Transmission

SYSTEM PLANNING
Prepared by Richard Maguire and the Avista System Planning Group
February 6, 2013
349
Federal Standards of Conduct
1.No non-public transmission information can be shared with the
Avista Merchant Function
2.There are Avista Merchant Function personnel in attendance
3.We can’t share non-public transmission information today
350
Agenda
•Introduction to Avista System Planning
•Engineering of Local Generation Requests
•Recent Avista Projects
•Large Generation Interconnection Agreement (LGIA) Queue
•Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) Generation Requests
•Future Transmission Planning Initiatives

351
Introduction to Avista System Planning
Broad Scope of What We Care About:
•Avista System Performance
•Federal, Regional, and State Compliance
•Regional Transmission System Coordination
352
Introduction to Avista System Planning
Regional Coordination
WECC
NWPP
CG
NTTG
etc.
353
Introduction to Avista System Planning
We also spend our time:
•Developing internal standards and processes
•Engineering the transmission system
•Engineering the distribution system
•Managing Avista assets
•Projecting future loads and resources
•Engineering local generation requests
354
Agenda
•Introduction to Avista System Planning
•Engineering of Local Generation Requests
•Recent Avista Projects
•Large Generation Interconnection Request (LGIR) Queue
•Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) Generation Requests
•Future Transmission Planning Initiatives

355
Engineering of Local Generation Requests
Typical Process for Generation Requests
•We generally get requests via two sources:
•Internal via the IRP requests
•External and Internal via LGIA requests
•We hold a scoping meeting to discuss particulars
•We outline a study plan
•We augment WECC approved cases for our studies
•We analyze the system against the standards
•We publish our findings and recommendations

356
Engineering of Local Generation Requests
Case Development
357
Engineering of Local Generation Requests
Case Analysis
358
Engineering of Local Generation Requests
Mandatory Federal Standards Include:
No overloads all lines and equipment in service (N-0)
No overloads or loss of load for one element out of service (N-1)
Some relaxation of the above for two elements out (N-2)
Standards are “Request Agnostic”
Potential Sanctions:
Up to $1M Per Day Per Occurrence
Mitigation Plan must be provided and progress demonstrated
359
Engineering of Local Generation Requests
Publish Results
www.oasis.oati.com/avat/index.html
360
Agenda
•Introduction to Avista System Planning
•Engineering of Local Generation Requests
•Recent Avista Projects
•Large Generation Interconnection Request (LGIR) Queue
•Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) Generation Requests
•Future Transmission Planning Initiatives
361
362
Recent Avista Projects
Palouse Wind:
58 turbines
105 MW
Thornton 230 kV
Substation
$4.35M
Benewah – Shawnee
230 kV Transmission
Line
363
364
365
366
367
Recent Avista Projects
Lind Capacitor Bank
~$750K
368
Recent Avista Projects
Idaho Road 115 kV Substation
369
Recent Avista Projects
Turner 115 kV Substation
370
Recent Avista Projects
115 kV Transmission Lines
$2.5M
371
Agenda
•Introduction to Avista System Planning
•Engineering of Local Generation Requests
•Recent Avista Projects
•Large Generation Interconnection Request (LGIR) Queue
•Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) Generation Requests
•Future Transmission Planning Initiatives

372
373
Avista Non-IRP Generation Queue
Project # 08: 75 MW with Facility Study completed
$6.6M 230 kV switching station and tap
$5.6M 115 kV breaker position and reconductor
Project # 26: 42MW with System Impact Study completed
Project # 33: 400 MW in Feasibility Study stage
Project # 35: 200 MW in System Impact Study stage
Project # 36: 105 MW in Feasibility Study stage
http://www.oasis.oati.com/AVAT
374
Agenda
•Introduction to Avista System Planning
•Engineering of Local Generation Requests
•Recent Avista Projects
•Large Generation Interconnection Request (LGIR) Queue
•Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) Generation Requests
•Future Transmission Planning Initiatives

375
376
Avista Non-IRP Generation Queue
Nine Mile HED: 60 MW total
Long Lake HED: 68 MW additional (156 MW total)
Studied coincident with Nine Mile IRP request
$9.9M for 115 kV Transmission Line reconductoring
Monroe Street HED: 80 MW additional (95 MW total)
Upper Falls HED: 40 MW additional (50.26 MW total)
Post Falls HED: 33.5 MW total
377
Avista Non-IRP Generation Queue
Cabinet Gorge HED: 60 MW additional (330.5 MW total)
No capacity available today during Heavy Summer loading
Considering RAS or potential Transmission System upgrades
Benewah – Boulder: 300 MW project currently under study
Rathdrum: 300 MW
$7M for new breaker position at Rathdrum 230 kV Substation
Rosalia: 200 MW
$4M for new breaker position at Thornton 230 kV Substation
378
Agenda
•Introduction to Avista System Planning
•Engineering of Local Generation Requests
•Recent Avista Projects
•Large Generation Interconnection Request (LGIR) Queue
•Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) Generation Requests
•Future Transmission Planning Initiatives

379
380
Examples of Future Construction Required to Meet
NERC / WECC Reliability Standards
Moscow Station:
250 MVA transformer
Increases capacity to the Moscow / Pullman area and
relieves loading on the Shawnee transformer
Westside Station:
Two 250 MVA transformers
Increases capacity and security to the West Plains area of
Spokane County, and relieves heavy loading on large
transformers in the central Spokane area
Irvin 115 kV and Associated 115 kV Reconductoring:
115 kV Switching Station and other upgrades to meet
additional load growth in the Spokane Valley
381
Recent Avista Projects
Moscow Station Construction
382
Future Work?
Generic Break Point Studies for IRP / 3rd Party Developers:
“How many MW can we integrate where for about what $$?”
Main Grid 230 kV Stations.
Select 115 kV Stations.
Potential Open Seasons:
“Does anyone want to get to the Mid Columbia?”
“Does anyone want to get out of Montana?”
“Does anyone want to get to PAC or IPC?”
383

Questions?
384

Resource Needs Assessment
Clint Kalich
Fourth Technical Advisory Committee Meeting
2013 Electric Integrated Resource Plan
February 6, 2013

385
Power Supply Reliability Key Terms
Peak Demand
Winter and Summer single hour view to verify the utility can meet its highest
expected load hour in a given year
Sustained Peak Demand
Winter and summer multi-day event (3 day x 6 hour) view to verify the utility
can meet its highest expected load hour in a given year
 Energy
On an annual basis the utility has enough energy to meet load plus
contingencies (e.g., load and hydro variability)
Operating Reserves
System capacity “reserved” to meet unanticipated generation outages; 5%
of wind and hydro, and 7% of thermal, plants
Regulation to cover moment-to-moment load and generation variability
Loss of Load Probability (LOLP)
Number of modeling exercises where system resources are inadequate to
meet needs; 1-in-20 (5%) is deemed adequate
386
Historical Avista Planning Margin Targets
1979: 6% (single hour, hydro only); 15 to 20% with thermal units
Somewhere in between 1979 and 1986: 13.4% to 18.7%
1986 to 2007: 10% + 90 MW (single hour peak)
2009: 15%
2011: Move to an 18-hour sustained peak per NPCC
Winter: 14% + Operating Reserves
Summer: 15% + Operating Reserves
Equivalent to NPCC 23/24% planning criteria for the Northwest
387
Adequacy Assessment for the
2017 Pacific Northwest Power Supply
Steering Committee Meeting
October 26, 2012
Portland, Oregon 4
388
NW Adequacy Standard
Metric: Loss-of-load probability (LOLP)
Threshold: Maximum of 5 percent

LOLP is the probability that extraordinary actions would
have to be taken in a future year to avoid curtailment of
electricity service
Calculated assuming existing resources only and
expected efficiency savings
5
389
Major Assumptions
Existing resources (sited and licensed)
6th Power Plan conservation
Market supplies
–NW: 3,450 MW winter, 1,000 MW summer
–SW on-peak: 1,700 MW winter, none summer
–SW off-peak: 3,000 MW year round
Council’s medium load forecast
6
390
Major Uncertainties
Explicitly modeled
–Water supply
–Temperature load variation
–Wind
–Forced outages
Not modeled explicitly
–Economic load growth
–Uncertainty in SW market
7
391
2017 Assessment
The expected LOLP is 6.6%
January, February and August most
critical months

Interpretation: Relying only on existing
resources and expected efficiency savings
yields a power supply in 2017 whose
likelihood of curtailment exceeds our
agreed upon threshold
8
392
Actions to Alleviate Inadequacy
350 MW of new generating resource
capacity drops the expected LOLP to 5%
Equivalently, 300 average megawatts of
additional energy efficiency does the same
Demand response measures could help
This is consistent with utility plans and the
Council’s resource strategy
9
393
2017 Monthly LOLP
10
394
Effects of Uncertainties
11
Load SW Winter Market LOLP
Low High 2.8%
Low None 8.4%
High High 7.8%
High None 16.8%
Expected Expected 6.6%
395
Illustration of LOLP Probability
12
396
Effects of Adding Resources
13
350 MW of new resource moved the
reference case LOLP of 6.6% down to 5.0%

2,850 MW of new resource moved a high
LOLP of 13.3% down to 5.0%

Sum of utility planned* resources exceeds
3,000 MW
*In this context “planned” means request for proposals or RFPs.
397
Variation in LOLP due to Load and Market
14
Load change in percent from medium >>>>
Market -2.50 -2.25 -2.00 -1.75 -1.50 -1.25 -1.00 -0.75 -0.50 -0.25 0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.25 2.50
0 8.4 11.8 16.8
100 13.2
200 13.3
300 13.2
400 13.2
500
600
700
800
900 6.3 10.4
1000 5.1
1100 4.8
1200
1300 5.4
1400
1500
1600
1700 3.7 4.5 6.6 9.8
1800
1900
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500 3.8 7.2
2600
2700
2800
2900
3000
3100
3200 2.8 5.0 7.8
398
Thermal derate schedules
15
399
Thermal derate schedules
16
400
How much CT gets you to 5%
17
Add a CT resource that will bring study
cases with >5.0% LOLP down to 5.0%
Study Summary LOLP Pk LOLP E LOLP A EUSR CVaRE CVaRPk EUE LOLH
Study Case Load Dev.Mkt.Add CT (%)(%)(%)(%)(MWh)(MW)(MWh (Hr/sYr)
Reference Case 0.00%1700 350 5.0 1.5 5.0 7.3 76466 3410 3851 2.1
High Load, High Market 2.50%3200 750 5.0 0.9 5.0 7.9 43510 2913 2197 1.4
High Load, Low Market 2.50%0 4800 5.0 0.8 5.0 6.2 43007 2645 2162 1.4
Low Load, High Market -2.50%3200 NA
Low Load, Low Market -2.50%0 1155 5.0 1.5 5.0 6.5 76118 2593 3829 2.4
Med-High Load, Med-High Mkt 1.50%2500 525 5.0 1.1 5.0 8.0 58041 3165 2923 1.7
Med-High Load, Med-Low Mkt 1.50%900 1950 5.0 1.3 5.0 6.8 61092 2866 3071 1.9
Med-Low Load, Med-High Mkt -1.50%2500 NA
Med-Low Load, Med-Low Mkt -1.50%900 450 5.0 1.5 5.0 6.7 80421 3184 4033 2.3
Reference Load, High Market 0.00%3200 NA
Reference Load, Low Market 0.00%0 2750 5.0 0.8 5.0 6.3 53995 2443 2717 1.9
High Load, Reference Market 2.50%1700 1200 5.0 1.5 5.0 7.7 75020 3400 3778 2.1
Low Load, Reference Market -2.50%1700 NA
High Case within likely region 1.25%200 2850 5.0 1.0 5.0 6.6 56369 2587 2836 1.9
401
Regional Position (2016/17- Peak Hour)
2016 2016 2016 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017
10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep
1-Hr Peak
Avg Load 24,458 28,593 31,838 33,143 29,949 27,929 25,454 23,596 25,078 26,773 26,151 23,589
Hydro 25,059 25,857 26,675 27,944 26,400 25,773 25,388 25,852 27,271 26,394 25,232 25,198
Hydro Ind.299 299 299 299 299 299 299 299 299 299 299 299
Total Non-Hydro 25,358 26,155 26,974 28,242 26,699 26,072 25,687 26,151 27,569 26,692 25,531 25,497
Small Renewables 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109
Nuclear 1,130 1,130 1,130 1,130 1,130 1,130 1,130 1,130 1,130 1,130 1,130 1,130
Coal 4,708 4,708 4,708 4,708 4,708 4,708 4,708 4,708 4,708 4,708 4,708 4,708
CCCT 4,868 4,961 5,151 5,151 5,054 4,961 4,868 4,775 4,678 4,678 4,678 4,775
Peakers 1,751 1,784 1,853 1,853 1,817 1,784 1,751 1,717 1,682 1,682 1,682 1,717
Total Non-Hydro 12,566 12,692 12,951 12,951 12,819 12,692 12,566 12,440 12,307 12,307 12,307 12,440
Total Generation 37,924 38,848 39,925 41,194 39,518 38,764 38,253 38,591 39,877 39,000 37,838 37,937
Physicial Position 13,466 10,255 8,087 8,050 9,568 10,836 12,799 14,995 14,798 12,227 11,687 14,348
Implied Planning Margin 55%36%25%24%32%39%50%64%59%46%45%61%
IPP Generation 3,200 3,240 3,324 3,324 3,281 3,240 3,200 3,159 3,116 3,116 3,116 3,159
Physicial Position w/ IPP 16,666 13,495 11,410 11,374 12,849 14,076 15,999 18,154 17,915 15,343 14,804 17,507
W/ IPP Implied Plannin Margin 68%47%36%34%43%50%63%77%71%57%57%74%
Data provided by Northwest Power & Conservation Council
402
Regional Position (2016/17- 10 Hour Peak)
2016 2016 2016 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017
10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep
10-Hr Peak
Avg Load 22,991 26,878 29,928 31,155 28,152 26,253 23,926 22,181 23,574 25,166 24,582 22,174
Hydro West 3,107 3,656 2,862 2,711 2,597 3,443 3,548 3,736 3,640 3,282 3,366 3,160
Hydro East 21,090 21,564 19,414 16,178 15,722 17,375 19,708 21,239 20,835 19,884 20,723 19,824
Hydro Ind.299 299 299 299 299 299 299 299 299 299 299 299
Total Hydro 24,496 25,518 22,574 19,188 18,617 21,117 23,554 25,273 24,774 23,464 24,387 23,283
Small Renewables 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109
Nuclear 1,130 1,130 1,130 1,130 1,130 1,130 1,130 1,130 1,130 1,130 1,130 1,130
Coal 4,708 4,708 4,708 4,708 4,708 4,708 4,708 4,708 4,708 4,708 4,708 4,708
CCCT 4,868 4,961 5,151 5,151 5,054 4,961 4,868 4,775 4,678 4,678 4,678 4,775
Peakers 1,751 1,784 1,853 2,203 1,817 1,784 1,751 1,717 1,682 1,682 1,682 1,717
Total Non-Hydro 12,566 12,692 12,951 13,301 12,819 12,692 12,566 12,440 12,307 12,307 12,307 12,440
Total Generation 37,062 38,211 35,525 32,489 31,436 33,809 36,121 37,713 37,081 35,771 36,695 35,723
Physicial Position 14,072 11,333 5,598 1,334 3,283 7,556 12,194 15,533 13,507 10,605 12,113 13,549
Implied Planning Margin 61%42%19%4%12%29%51%70%57%42%49%61%
IPP Generation 3,200 3,240 3,324 3,324 3,281 3,240 3,200 3,159 3,116 3,116 3,116 3,159
Physicial Position w/ IPP 17,271 14,573 8,921 4,658 6,564 10,796 15,394 18,692 16,624 13,721 15,229 16,708
W/ IPP Implied Plannin Margin 75%54%30%15%23%41%64%84%71%55%62%75%
Data provided by Northwest Power & Conservation Council
403
Translating the Regional Position to Avista
NPCC indicates region will be short capacity in the 2016/7 winter
timeframe
With region in surplus, utility can rely on market in peak conditions
Changes in load growth or out-of-region transfers can change
adequacy results
Summer adequacy is strong for the region
With regional summer length- dual peaking utilities can rely on
system for summer peaks
Future build-outs for winter peaks likely will ensure adequate
regional summer capacity
404
Resource allocation to get Avista to 5% LOLP goal
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
-
50
100
150
200
250
300
0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300 325
In
c
r
e
m
e
n
t
a
l

C
o
s
t

(
$
M
i
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l
/
Y
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)
Ma
r
k
e
t

D
e
p
e
n
d
a
n
c
e

(
M
W
)
New Capacity
MW
Annual Cost
34% 30% 21% 18% 28% 25% 16% 14% Winter PM Summer PM
405
Avista’s Peak Planning Criteria
Winter Peak
14% planning margin above load, plus operating reserves
If Avista is deficit prior to 2016/17, and where the NW market
has been shown adequately surplus, market purchases will
meet deficit needs
Summer Peak
Avista operating reserves are the planning requirement,
unless region’s “natural” deficit shifts to summer
If utility is deficit, market purchases will meet deficit needs
However, as with the region, building to meet winter peak
generally addresses our summer need
Both sustained- and single-hour peak positions are considered
Wind and solar provide no winter peaking capability
406
January: 18 Hour Peak Position Forecast
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033
REQUIREMENTS
1 Native Load -1,596 -1,613 -1,629 -1,643 -1,656 -1,669 -1,683 -1,696 -1,710 -1,724 -1,738 -1,752 -1,766 -1,780 -1,794 -1,809 -1,824 -1,838 -1,853 -1,868
2 Firm Power Sales -211 -158 -158 -8 -8 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6
3 Total Requirements -1,807 -1,771 -1,787 -1,650 -1,663 -1,675 -1,689 -1,702 -1,716 -1,730 -1,744 -1,758 -1,772 -1,786 -1,801 -1,815 -1,830 -1,844 -1,859 -1,874
RESOURCES
4 Firm Power Purchases 117 117 117 117 117 116 34 34 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33
5 Hydro Resources 973 866 867 932 932 896 900 896 896 904 896 896 904 896 896 904 896 896 904 896
6 Base Load Thermals 895 895 895 895 895 895 895 895 895 895 895 895 895 617 617 617 617 617 617 617
7 Wind Resources 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8 Peaking Units 242 242 242 242 242 242 242 242 242 242 242 242 242 242 242 242 242 242 242 242
9 Total Resources 2,227 2,121 2,122 2,187 2,186 2,149 2,071 2,068 2,067 2,074 2,067 2,067 2,074 1,788 1,788 1,796 1,788 1,788 1,796 1,788
10 PEAK POSITION 421 350 334 536 523 473 383 365 351 345 323 309 303 2 -13 -19 -42 -57 -64 -86
RESERVE PLANNING
11 Planning Margin -223 -226 -228 -230 -232 -234 -236 -237 -239 -241 -243 -245 -247 -249 -251 -253 -255 -257 -259 -262
12 Total Ancillary Services Required -186 -184 -185 -177 -179 -180 -186 -187 -189 -191 -192 -193 -194 -195 -196 -197 -197 -198 -199 -199
13 Reserve & Contingency Availability 25 9 9 17 17 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16
14 Demand Response 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
15 Total Reserve Planning -385 -401 -405 -390 -394 -398 -405 -409 -412 -416 -419 -422 -425 -428 -431 -434 -436 -439 -442 -444
16 Peak Position w/ Contingency 36 -51 -70 146 129 76 -22 -43 -61 -71 -96 -113 -123 -426 -443 -453 -478 -495 -506 -531
17 Implied Planning Margin 25%20%19%33%32%29%24%22%21%21%19%18%18%1%0%0%-1%-2%-3%-4%
18 NPCC Market Adjustment 0 51 70 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
19 Peak Position Net Market 36 0 0 146 129 76 (22)(43)(61)(71)(96)(113)(123)(426)(443)(453)(478)(495)(506)(531)
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033
Winter 1 Hour 17 0 0 126 110 56 (42)(64)(81)(92)(117)(135)(145)(445)(462)(472)(497)(515)(525)(551)
Winter 18 Hour 36 0 0 146 129 76 (22)(43)(61)(71)(96)(113)(123)(426)(443)(453)(478)(495)(506)(531)
Delta 19 0 0 19 19 20 20 20 20 21 21 22 22 18 19 19 19 19 20 20
18 Hour to 1 Hour Comparison
407
August: 18 Hour Peak Position Forecast
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033
REQUIREMENTS
1 Native Load -1,465 -1,482 -1,498 -1,510 -1,523 -1,536 -1,550 -1,563 -1,576 -1,590 -1,604 -1,618 -1,631 -1,646 -1,660 -1,674 -1,689 -1,703 -1,718 -1,733
2 Firm Power Sales -212 -159 -159 -9 -9 -8 -8 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7
3 Total Requirements -1,677 -1,641 -1,657 -1,519 -1,532 -1,544 -1,557 -1,570 -1,584 -1,597 -1,611 -1,625 -1,639 -1,653 -1,667 -1,681 -1,696 -1,710 -1,725 -1,740
RESOURCES
4 Firm Power Purchases 29 29 29 29 29 26 26 26 26 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25
5 Hydro Resources 701 707 663 631 638 583 580 622 624 622 622 624 622 622 624 622 622 624 622 622
6 Base Load Thermals 785 785 785 785 785 785 785 785 785 785 785 785 785 556 556 556 556 556 556 556
7 Wind Resources 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8 Peaking Units 176 176 176 176 176 176 176 176 176 176 176 176 176 176 176 176 176 176 176 176
9 Total Resources 1,691 1,698 1,653 1,621 1,628 1,571 1,568 1,609 1,611 1,609 1,609 1,611 1,609 1,379 1,381 1,379 1,379 1,381 1,379 1,379
10 PEAK POSITION 14 57 -3 102 96 27 11 39 27 11 -2 -14 -30 -274 -286 -302 -317 -330 -346 -361
RESERVE PLANNING
11 Planning Margin 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
12 Total Ancillary Services Required -177 -176 -177 -170 -172 -173 -175 -176 -177 -179 -180 -181 -182 -166 -167 -167 -168 -169 -169 -170
13 Reserve & Contingency Availability 177 176 177 170 172 173 175 176 177 179 180 181 182 166 167 167 168 169 169 170
14 Demand Response 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
15 Total Reserve Planning 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
16 Peak Position w/ Contingency 14 57 -3 102 96 27 11 39 27 11 -2 -14 -30 -274 -286 -302 -317 -330 -346 -361
17 Implied Planning Margin 11%14%10%18%17%13%12%14%13%12%11%10%9%-7%-7%-8%-9%-9%-10%-11%
18 NPCC Market Adjustment 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
19 Peak Position Net Market 14 57 0 102 96 27 11 39 27 11 (2)(14)(30)(274)(286)(302)(317)(330)(346)(361)
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033
Summer 1 Hour 114 159 85 193 185 113 95 125 112 94 79 65 48 (191)(204)(221)(236)(249)(267)(282)
Summer 18 Hour 14 57 0 102 96 27 11 39 27 11 (2)(14)(30)(274)(286)(302)(317)(330)(346)(361)
Delta (100)(102)(85)(91)(89)(86)(84)(87)(85)(83)(81)(80)(78)(83)(83)(82)(81)(80)(79)(79)
18 Hour to 1 Hour Comparison
408

Market and Portfolio Scenario
Development
John Lyons, Senior Resource Policy Analyst
Fourth Technical Advisory Committee Meeting
2013 Electric Integrated Resource Plan
February 6, 2013

409
Scenarios in the 2013 IRP
Scenarios provide details about potential
impacts of different critical planning
assumptions that could have a major
impact on resource choices, such as
technological, regulatory or environmental
changes.

Scenarios will be developed for:
• Avista’s current load and resource portfolio
•Preferred Resource Strategy (PRS)
•Wholesale electric market
•Different resource options

2
410
2013 IRP Scenario Types
3

1.Deterministic Market Scenarios: use expected input
levels (natural gas prices, hydro, loads, wind, and
thermal outages)

2.Stochastic Market Scenarios: use a Monte Carlo analysis

3.Portfolio Scenarios: show alternative portfolios to
highlight the cost differences from the PRS

411
Deterministic Market Scenarios
4
Deterministic scenarios test the PRS across several
fundamentally different futures:
•Low and High Natural Gas Prices
•Carbon Pricing
•No Coal Retirements
•High Storage Technology Penetration
•Increasing RPS

412
Stochastic Market Scenarios
5
•Expected Case: assumes average levels of hydro, loads,
gas prices, wind, emissions prices and forced outages

•Carbon Pricing Scenario: various pricing trajectories similar
to the 2011 IRP expected case
413
Portfolio Scenarios
6
•Market reliance only
•CO2 credit allocations
•2011 PRS
•Increased Washington RPS – 25% by 2025
•National renewable energy standard – 20% with and
without hydro netting
•Alternative Planning Margins
•CT and CCCT tipping points
•Solar cost tipping point
•Nuclear cost tipping point
•Coal sequestration cost tipping point

414
Colstrip Scenarios
7
•2017 Retirement Date
•2022 Retirement Date
•Incremental Pollution Controls
•Carbon Sequestration
•Railed Coal

415
Avista’s 2013 Electric Integrated Resource Plan
Technical Advisory Committee Meeting No. 5 Agenda
Wednesday, March 20, 2013
Conference Room 428

Topic Time Staff
1. Introduction 9:00

2. Market Forecast Scenario Results 9:05 Gall
and Conservation Avoided Costs

3. Conservation Results 9:30 Borstein

4. Break 11:00

5. Demand Response 11:15 Doege

6. Lunch 12:00

7. 2013 IRP Preferred Resource Strategy 1:00 Gall

8. Break 2:00

9. Portfolio Scenarios 2:15 Gall

10. Adjourn 3:00
416
Electric Price Forecast Scenario Analysis
James Gall
Fifth Technical Advisory Committee Meeting
2013 Electric Integrated Resource Plan
March 20, 2013

1
417
Scenario Planning
This IRP reviews two types of market scenarios to help understand
how market forces can impact Avista’s resource strategy
1.Deterministic studies- point forecast of future major assumptions
2.Stochastic studies- Monte-Carlo style analysis using 500
iterations for major assumptions

2
418
$0
$10
$20
$30
$40
$50
$60
$70
$80
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Flat
Off -Peak
On-Peak
Expected Case Refresher
Levelized Price: $44.08/MWh
stochastic case
3
419
Greenhouse Gas Pricing Scenario
Developed to understand the ramifications of national
greenhouse gas reduction legislation to Avista’s resource strategy
This scenario uses 500 iterations with different potential CO2
pricing schemes using a cap-and-trade market mechanism
Five weighted potential pricing structures were developed to
create a wide range of potential futures (2014 $)
Expected Case- $0/ton (33.3%)
2020 High- $30/ton (16.7%), 2025 High- $40/ton (16.7%)
2020 Low- $10/ton (16.7%), 2025 Low- $15/ton (16.7%)

4
420
Greenhouse Gas Pricing Scenario Price Assumptions
$0
$10
$20
$30
$40
$50
$60
$70
$80
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h
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T
o
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Weighted Average
Expected Case
2025 High GHG Pricing Case
2025 Low GHG Pricing Case
2020 High GHG Pricing Case
2020 Low GHG Pricing Case
5
421
Greenhouse Gas Scenario Market Prices
$0
$20
$40
$60
$80
$100
$120
20
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Weighted Avg GHG Case
2025 High GHG Pricing Case
2025 Low GHG Pricing Case
2020 High GHG Pricing Case
2020 Low GHG Pricing Case
Expected Case
deterministic case
6
422
20-Year Levelized Greenhouse Gas Scenario Prices
deterministic case
$44.18
$49.22 $52.00
$46.51
$56.99
$47.19
$0
$10
$20
$30
$40
$50
$60
$70
$80
Expected
Case
Weighted
Avg GHG
Case
2025 High
GHG Pricing
Case
2025 Low
GHG Pricing
Case
2020 High
GHG Pricing
Case
2020 Low
GHG Pricing
Case
$
p
e
r

M
W
h
7
423
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Weighted Avg
GHG Case
2025 High GHG
Pricing Case
2025 Low GHG
Pricing Case
2020 High GHG
Pricing Case
2020 Low GHG
Pricing Case
Pe
r
c
e
n
t

I
n
c
r
e
a
s
e
The Real Increase to Electric Market Prices
Average increase to market prices between 2025-2033,
as compared to the Expected Case
8
424
Greenhouse Gas Scenario Reductions
-
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
20
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o
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T
o
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s
2025 High GHG Pricing Case 2025 Low GHG Pricing Case
2020 High GHG Pricing Case 2020 Low GHG Pricing Case
Weighted Avg GHG Case Expected Case
1990 Levels
deterministic case
9
425
$0
$10
$20
$30
$40
$50
$60
$70
$80
20
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$
p
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M
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No Coal Retirements
Expected Case
No Coal Plant Retirement Scenario
Expected Case: $44.18/MWh levelized
No Coal Retirements: $42.93/MWh levelized
- Retains 12,000 MW of coal generation for the duration of the forecast
deterministic case
10
426
-
50
100
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250
300
350
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No Coal Retirements
Expected Case
Greenhouse Gas Emissions Increase Without Coal
Retirements
US Western Interconnect GHG emissions are reduced by 8 percent.
This is an effective cost of $87 per short ton of GHG in 2014 dollars
deterministic case
11
427
State RPS’s Increased Scenario
-Assumes in beginning in 2025, states with lower RPS begin new higher standards
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%
Arizona
California
Colorado
Idaho
Montana
New Mexico
Nevada
Oregon
Utah
Washington
Wyoming
Renewable Energy Goal
Expected Case
RPS Scenario
Adds
Wind: 7,000 MW
Solar: 29,000 MW
Other: 1,000 MW

Cost: $80 billion (2012$)
12
428
Changes to Market Prices and GHG Emissions
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033
Pe
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R
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d
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t
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Reduction in Market Prices
Reduction in GHG
Added cost of RPS is equivalent to
a GHG cost of $180 per short ton
(2014 dollars)
13
429
Conservation Avoided Costs
James Gall
Fifth Technical Advisory Committee Meeting
2013 Electric Integrated Resource Plan
March 20, 2013

14
430
How to Value Conservation
{(E + PC + R) * (1 + P)} * (1 + L) + DC * (1 + L)

Where:
E = market energy price (calculated by Aurora, including forecasted CO2 mitigation)
PC = new resource capacity savings (calculated by PRiSM)
R = Risk premium to account for RPS and rate volatility reduction (calculated by PRiSM)
P = Power Act preference premium (10% assumption)
DC = distribution capacity savings (~$10/kW-year based on Heritage Project calculation)
L = transmission and distribution losses (6.1% assumption based on Avista’s system average losses)
15
431
Efficient Frontier Approach
Assumes no additional Conservation Resources
Portfolio Cost
Po
r
t
f
o
l
i
o

R
i
s
k

Market
$44.63/
MWh
Capacity
$107
kW-Yr
Risk
0.29/
MWh
Market Only
PRS Mix
Efficient Frontier
16
432
Avoided Cost Calculation
For 1 MW Measure with Flat Delivery
Item $/MWh
Energy Price 44.63
Capacity Savings 13.33
Risk Premium 0.29
Subtotal 58.26
Item $/MWh
10% Preference 6.19
Distribution Capacity Savings 0.88
T&D losses 2.72
Subtotal 9.79
Avoided Cost:
$68.05
per
MWh
2011 IRP was $104.39/MWh Analysis based on earlier draft of Market Prices
17
Converts $107/kW-yr to $/MWh
433
Avista Conservation Potential
Assessment – 2013 Update
Overview of Approach and Analysis Results
March 20, 2013
434
2
Agenda
•Introductions
•Study objectives
•Analysis approach
•Summary of results
•Consistency with NWPCC Methodology
435
3
Introductions
Ingrid Rohmund
Practice Lead,
Energy Analysis
and Planning

Jan Borstein
Project Manager

Various analysts

EnerNOC Team EnerNOC Utility Solutions
Consulting
•Previously Global Energy Partners,
and before that a part of EPRI
•Practice areas:
•Energy Analysis & Planning
•Program Evaluation and
Load Analysis
•Engineering Services
•30 full-time consultants
•Economists/statisticians
•Engineers
436
4
EnerNOC experience with potential studies
Northwest:
Avista Utilities*
Idaho Power
Seattle City Light*
Portland GE*
BPA
Inland P&L*
Cowlitz PUD*
OTECC

Southwest:
LADWP
State of NM
State of HI
National/Regional:
EPRI National DSM Study
FERC Nat’l Assessment of DR
IEE Analysis of Codes and Standards*
Midwest ISO EE and DR Assessment
International:
Manitoba Hydro
ECRA (Saudi Arabia)
ElectraNet (Australia)
KERI (Korea)*
Midwest :
Ameren Missouri*
Ameren Illinois
Indianapolis P&L
Citizens Energy
Vectren
Iowa
TVA
Northeast:
Con Edison of NY
PECO Energy
New Jersey BPU
437
5
Study objectives
•Study continues Avista’s process of updating estimates of conservation
potential on a regular basis
•Specific objectives:
•Provide credible and transparent estimates of conservation potential
•Assess savings by measure or bundled measure and sector
•Support Avista’s IRP development
•Establish 2014-2015 biennial target per requirements of Washington I-937
438
6
Analysis Approach
439
7
Study objectives
Characterize
the Market
Base-year energy use by segment
Prototypes and energy analysis (BEST) Avista Forecast data
Codes and standards RTF data Secondary data
Project the
Baseline
End-use projection by segment
Screen Measures
and Options
Measure descriptions Avista program data, TRM
Avoided costs NWPCC/RTF workbooks
Technical and economic potential
Establish Customer
Acceptance
Program results Other studies
Market acceptance rates
Achievable potential
Synthesize Review Annual Business Plans
Sensitivity analysis
Study results
Avista billing data Program data Energy Market Profiles
RBSA and other saturation surveys Secondary data Previous study results
Study approach 440
8
Market segmentation by rate class, 2009

Sector Rate
Schedule(s)
Number of
meters
(customers)
2009
Electricity
sales (MWh)
Residential 001 299,714 3,634,086
General Service 011, 012 46,387 738,505
Large General Service 021, 022 4,808 2,256,882
Extra Large GS – Comm. 025 12 336,047
Extra Large GS – Ind* 19 809,298
Pumping 031, 032 3,673 194,884
Total 354,613 7,969,701
* Idaho 25P was included in previous CPA but for the 2013 study it
has been analyzed separately from other large industrial customers.
441
9
Residential market characterization, 2009
•Market segmentation developed using U.S.
Census American Community Survey data
•Limited Income is defined as customers with
annual income approximately two times the
poverty level
Segment Annual Use
(1000 MWh)
Number of
Customers
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
% of Total
Usage
Single Family 2,399 168,339 14,250 66%
Multi Family 202 23,456 8,613 6%
Mobile Home 128 10,022 12,724 4%
Limited Income 906 97,896 9,251 25%
Total 3,634 299,714 12,125 100%
442
10
Residential market profile, 2009

443
11
Baseline projection
•Model equipment choices for replacement or new construction
•Define baseline purchase shares —begin with Annual Energy Outlook shipments data
and modify for Avista data and program history
•Incorporates building codes and appliance standards currently enacted
•In some cases, this eliminates potential future savings, as higher efficiency option
becomes the baseline, least efficient option

Today's Efficiency or Standard Assumption 1st Standard (relative to today's standard)
2nd Standard (relative to today's standard)
End Use Technology 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Central AC
Room AC
Cooling/Heating Heat Pump
Water Heater (<=55
gallons)Water Heater (>55 gallons)
Screw-in/Pin Lamps
Linear Fluorescent
Refrigerator/2nd
RefrigeratorFreezer
Dishwasher
Clothes Washer
Clothes Dryer
Cooling SEER 13 SEER 14
EER 9.8 EER 11.0
SEER 13.0/HSPF 7.7 SEER 14.0/HSPF 8.0
Water Heating EF 0.90 EF 0.95
EF 0.90 Heat Pump Water Heater
NAECA Standard 25% more efficient
NAECA Standard 25% more efficient
Appliances
Lighting Incandescent Advanced Incandescent - tier 1 Advanced Incandescent - tier 2
T8
Conventional (355
kWh/yr)
14% more efficient (307 kWh/yr)
Conventional (MEF 1.26 for top loader)MEF 1.72 for top loader MEF 2.0 for top loader
Conventional (EF 3.01)5% more efficient (EF 3.17)
444
12
Baseline projection

•Drivers
•Market size / customer growth
•Income growth
•Avista retail rates forecast
•Trends in end-use/technology saturations
•Equipment purchase decisions
•Cooling and heating degree days
•Persons/household and physical home size
•Elasticities by end use for each forecast driver
•Calibrated model to align with 2010-2012 sales and conservation program history
•Began with Sixth Power Plan measure ramp rates and adjusted to program achievements
•Baseline projection aligns with sales + program achievements

445
13
The baseline projection (absent future conservation)
•The metric against which savings are measured. It includes:
•Current saturations of appliances, equipment, and legacy measures
•Assumptions about customer and economic growth
•Trends in fuel shares and appliance/equipment saturations
•Exogenous variables including electricity prices, income, etc.
Sample Residential Projection
(Use per Household )
446
14

Develop three levels of potential
Potential studies identify future opportunities for EE that can be achieved through
programs
Technical Potential
Theoretical upper limit of conservation, where all
efficiency measures are phased in regardless of
cost
Economic Potential
Conservation potential that includes measures
that are cost-effective

Achievable Potential
Conservation potential that can be realistically
achieved, accounting for customer adoption rates
and how quickly programs can be implemented

447
15
Economic
screen
Measure characterization
Conservation measure assessment approach
Measure
descriptions
Energy
savings Costs
Lifetime Applicability
EnerNOC
universal
measure list
Building
simulations
EnerNOC measure
data library
NWPCC
Client measure data
library
(RTF, TRMs,
evaluation reports,
etc.)
Avoided costs,
discount rate,
delivery losses
Client review /
feedback
Inputs Process
448
16
Potential Results
449
17
All sectors potential
•Cumulative achievable savings
potential in 2014 is 4.4 aMW
•Cumulative achievable savings
potential in 2015 is 8.7 aMW

2014 2015 2018 2023 2028 2033
Cumulative Savings (MWh)
Achievable Potential 38,726 76,352 300,112 610,600 928,320 1,271,323
Economic Potential 272,830 446,842 1,127,376 1,723,424 2,312,719 2,675,318
Technical Potential 1,173,173 1,392,531 2,374,256 3,366,522 4,122,161 4,604,718
Cumulative Savings (aMW)
Achievable Potential 4.4 8.7 34.3 69.7 106.0 145.1
Economic Potential 31.1 51.0 128.7 196.7 264.0 305.4
Technical Potential 133.9 159.0 271.0 384.3 470.6 525.7
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
2015 2018 2023 2028
En
e
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g
y

S
a
v
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g
s

(
a
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W
)
Achievable Potential
Economic Potential
Technical Potential
450
18
All sectors potential

0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
En
e
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y

C
o
n
s
u
m
p
t
i
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n

(
1
,
0
0
0

M
W
h
)

Baseline Forecast
Achievable Potential
Economic Potential
Technical Potential
451
19
All sectors potential

-
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
Cu
m
u
l
a
t
i
v
e

A
c
h
i
e
v
a
b
l
e

P
o
t
e
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t
i
a
l

S
a
v
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g
s

(
a
M
W
)
ID Pumping
ID C&I
ID Res
WA Pumping
WA C&I
WA Res
452
20
Residential potential
• Cumulative achievable savings
potential is 1.9 aMW in 2014
• Grow to 3.4 aMW in 2015
2014 2015 2018 2023 2028 2033
Cumulative Savings (MWh)
Achievable Potential 16,247 30,197 124,161 202,569 319,277 503,671
Economic Potential 206,661 322,861 781,184 1,051,855 1,430,505 1,643,220
Technical Potential 987,175 1,070,490 1,415,574 1,557,797 1,870,448 2,071,698
Cumulative Savings (aMW)
Achievable Potential 1.9 3.4 14.2 23.1 36.4 57.5
Economic Potential 23.6 36.9 89.2 120.1 163.3 187.6
Technical Potential 112.7 122.2 161.6 177.8 213.5 236.5
0
50
100
150
200
250
2015 2018 2023 2028
En
e
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g
y

S
a
v
i
n
g
s

(
a
M
W
)
Achievable Potential
Economic Potential
Technical Potential
453
21
Residential achievable savings potential – top
measures
• Lighting – largely CFLs (including specialty
lamps), with LEDs starting to pass the cost-
effectiveness test in 2015
• Space heating savings from conversion to
gas and ductless heat pumps as well as
new programs for duct sealing and
shell/infiltration measures
•Water heating savings from conversion to
gas; also low-flow fixtures, tank/pipe
insulation
•Refrigerator and freezer recycling
•Programmable thermostats
•ENERGY STAR homes and new
construction efficiency

Cumulative Achievable
Potential in 2018
454
22
Commercial & Industrial potential
•Cumulative potential in
2015 is 5.3 aMW
2014 2015 2018 2023 2028 2033
Cumulative Savings (MWh)
Achievable Potential 22,478 46,155 175,951 400,188 609,043 767,651
Economic Potential 66,170 123,981 346,193 627,462 1,474,041 1,032,097
Technical Potential 185,998 322,041 958,683 1,782,838 2,251,713 2,533,019
Cumulative Savings (aMW)
Achievable Potential 2.6 5.3 20.1 45.7 69.5 87.6
Economic Potential 7.6 14.2 39.5 71.6 168.3 117.8
Technical Potential 21.2 36.8 109.4 203.5 257.0 289.2
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
2015 2018 2023 2028
En
e
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g
y

S
a
v
i
n
g
s

(
a
M
W
)
Achievable Potential
Economic Potential
Technical Potential
455
23
C&I Conservation potential – top measures
• Lighting – mix of lamps including
LEDs, various controls
• HVAC – controls, economizers,
variable air volume (VAV)
ventilation
•Machine drive and process – 6%
from various measures for air
compressors, fans, and pumps
•Also low-flow fixtures, tank/pipe
insulation
•Office equipment – efficient
servers, desktop computers, and
printers

Achievable Potential in 2018
Cooling
2%Space Heating
0%
Ventilation
6%Water
Heating
6%
Interior Lighting
47%
Exterior Lighting
8%
Refrigeration
5%
Food Preparation
1%
Office Equipment
19%
Process
2%
Machine Drive
4%
456
24
Conservation potential – sensitivity to avoided costs
-
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
1,600,000
1,800,000
Re
s
,

C
&
I

C
u
m
u
l
a
t
i
v
e

A
c
h
i
e
v
a
b
l
e

P
o
t
e
n
t
i
a
l

S
a
v
i
n
g
s

(M
W
h
)
Reference Case Avoided Costs
150% of Reference Case
125% of Reference Case
75% of Reference Case
457
25
Supply curve for 2015 – cumulative savings
•Nearly 35 GWh of savings are low- or no-cost.
$0.00
$0.05
$0.10
$0.15
$0.20
$0.25
$0.30
$0.35
$0.40
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Co
s
t

o
f

C
o
n
s
e
r
v
e
d

En
e
r
g
y
($
/
k
W
h
)
Savings (GWh)
Levelized Cost/kWh for Measures in 2015
Levelized Cost/kWh
458
26
Supply curves for 2020 – avoided costs scenarios
$-
$0.10
$0.20
$0.30
$0.40
$0.50
$0.60
$0.70
-100 200 300 400 500 600
Co
s
t

p
e
r

k
W
h

s
a
v
e
d

(
2
0
0
9
$
)
Cumulative Savings (GWh)
Reference case 100% avoided costs
75% avoided costs scenario
125% avoided costs scenario
150% avoided costs scenario
∆ Portfolio average cost
459
27
Annual and cumulative savings
0
60
120
180
240
300
360
420
480
540
600
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
19
7
8
19
8
0
19
8
2
19
8
4
19
8
6
19
8
8
19
9
0
19
9
2
19
9
4
19
9
6
19
9
8
20
0
0
20
0
2
20
0
4
20
0
6
20
0
8
20
1
0
20
1
2
20
1
4
20
1
6
20
1
8
20
2
0
20
2
2
20
2
4
20
2
6
20
2
8
20
3
0
cu
m
u
l
a
t
i
v
e

s
a
v
i
n
g
s

(
a
M
W
)
an
n
u
a
l

s
a
v
i
n
g
s

(
a
M
W
)
Cumulative
Online
460
28
Consistency with the NWPCC
Methodology
461
29
Initiative 937 Conservation Provisions
•Washington Initiative 937 approved by voters in 2006
•Requires that utilities estimate 10-year potentials
•Utility Analysis Option must be consistent with the methodology of the Northwest Power
and Conservation Council’s most recent Power Plan
•Used to set a two-year biennium conservation target
•Must be repeated every two years
462
30
Consistency with Council Methodology
•End-use model — bottom-up
•Building characteristics
•Fuel and equipment saturations
•Stock accounting based on measure life
•Codes and standards
•Existing and new vintage
•Lost- and non-lost opportunities
•Measure saturation and applicability
•Measure savings, including HVAC interactions and contribution to peak
•Ramp rates to model market acceptance and program implementation

463
31
Consistency with Council Methodology (cont.)
•Measures
•Include nearly all in Sixth Power Plan
•Plus others. e.g., conversion of electric water heaters / furnaces to gas
•Sources for measure characterization
•RTF measure workbooks
•Avista Technical Reference Manual (TRM )
•EnerNOC databases, which draw upon same sources used by RTF
•Economic potential, total resource cost (TRC) test
•Considers non-energy benefits
•Considers HVAC interactions
•Include 10% credit based on Conservation Act
•Achievable potential – ramp rates
•Based on Council Sixth Power Plan ramps rates
•Modified to reflect Avista program history
464
32
Avista-specific items
•Avista customer characteristics
•Calibrated to Avista 2009 sales by sector
•Average use per customer based on actual billing data
•Equipment saturations and unit energy consumption calibrated to match usage
•Updated with newly available NW Residential Building Stock Assessment data, e.g.,
information on measure saturation
•Building codes and appliance standards updated as of 2012
•Avista-specific customer growth forecasts
•Avista retail rate and avoided cost forecasts
•Ramp rates adjusted to match Avista program history

465
33
Measure reconciliation
•Develop comprehensive measure list using
•Avista existing programs and business plan
•RTF Unit Energy Savings workbooks
•Sixth Power Plan
•Previous Avista CPA
•Recent EnerNOC studies

Water heating measures
Conventional (EF 0.95)
Heat pump water heater (EF 2.3)
Solar water heater
Low-flow showerheads
Timer / Thermostat setback
Tank blanket
Drain water heat recovery
466
34
Measure reconciliation (cont.)
•Characterization
•Description
•Costs
•Savings
•Applicability
•Lifetime
•Measure data sources
•RTF UES measure databases
•Sixth Power Plan Workbooks
•Avista TRM
•SEEM data
•BEST simulations
•EnerNOC databases

•Convert to LoadMAP format
•Savings as % of baseline use
•Per household, scaled to match Avista
calibration
•Per sq. ft. for C&I
•Remove non-applicable adjustments
such as storage rate
467
35
Market adoption rates for achievable potential

•Achievable potential requires assumptions about customer acceptance and market
maturity
•Northwest Power & Conservation Council’s Sixth Power Plan Lost Opportunity ramp
rates used to develop market acceptance factors
•It is most important to focus on near-term ramp rates because studies are updated every
two years

468
36
Market adoption rates for achievable potential (cont.)

•Calibrated ramp rates to actual program achievements for Lighting and HVAC
measures
•Acceptance different from Sixth Power Plan rates

0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ma
r
k
e
t

A
c
c
e
p
t
a
n
c
e

R
a
t
e
s

Year
Lighting Acceptance Rates
Lighting CFL and LED
LostOp_5yr
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ma
r
k
e
t

A
c
c
e
p
t
a
n
c
e

R
a
t
e
s
Year
HVAC Equipment Acceptance Rates
Res HVAC mature program
LostOp_20yr
469
37
Study schedule
•Presented project approach to the TAC on November 7, 2012
•Delivered preliminary results in late-February 2013
•Present final study results to TAC March 20, 2013
•Fine-tune analysis
•Draft report in April, 2013
•Support the filing in August 2013 with a complete CPA report
470
Ingrid Rohmund
Practice Lead
760.943.1532
[e-mail]
Jan Borstein
Project Manager
303.530.5195
[e-mail]
www.enernoc.com
471
Demand Response
Technical Advisory Committee #5
March 20th, 2013
Leona Doege
472
What is Demand Response
Passive:
Pricing programs….
Time-of-Use, Critical Peak Pricing, Peak Time Rebate
Active:
Direct Load Control

Combination programs……
Pricing program with
enabling technology
Purpose: Reduce or shift load at certain times
473
Passive Demand Response
Supporting Dynamic Pricing:
• Avista’s Billing System doesn’t allow for dynamic rates
• Q3 2014, New Billing System will be capable.
• Metering and its infrastructure would need
to be upgraded in many areas.

• Merit to the inverted tail block rate structure currently used.
“Inclining block rates can reduce energy consumption by 6 percent
in the near term and more over the long haul” (used in contrast to a flat
rate structure, Ahmad Faroqui, “Inclining toward Energy Efficiency,” Public Utilities
Fortnightly, August 2008 (http://www.fortnightly.com/exclusive.cfm?o_id=94 )

474
Direct Load Control
Mass Market:
Residential loads, electric space heat, central air-conditioning,
electric water heating, pool pumps.

Commercial Programs:
Irrigation, variety of commercial/industrial
processes. Often a 3rd party aggregator is used.
475
Avista’s Direct Load Control Programs
North Idaho Pilot
• 2007-2009:
• 50 DLC Thermostats, 50 DLC
Switches
• 10 Events called ranging from 2 to
4 hours each, in both the summer
and winter seasons.
• Heat Pumps, Water Heaters,
Electric Forced Air Furnaces, Air
Conditioning

Smart Grid Demonstration Project
Smart Thermostat Pilot Program
• June 2012 – Dec 31st, 2014
• 69 Thermostats, capable of 1500
• Events are automatic ranging from
10 minutes to 24 hours, temp off-set
of 2 degrees.
• Currently in testing mode, ready for
real dispatch summer season 2013.
• Heat Pumps, Electric Forced Air
Furnaces, Air Conditioning
476
Other Avista DR Activities
2001 Western Energy Crisis
Nickel Buy Back Program

Operational issues of July 2006
Public Plea
Bi-Lateral Agreement with Industrial Customers

477
Knowledge Gained
DR Works as Designed

DR Builds Customer Engagement

DLC Value lies in Capacity

High Penetration of Natural Gas in Avista service area
478
Demand Response Costs (Regional Estimates from NPCC)
479
What’s Next ?
Discussion of DR Options

Q&A

Thank you for your time!
Leona Doege
DSM Program Manager
[phone]
[e-mail]

480
Draft 2013 Preferred Resource Strategy
James Gall
Fifth Technical Advisory Committee Meeting
2013 Electric Integrated Resource Plan
March 20, 2013

1
481
DRAFT 2013 IRP Modeling Process
Preferred
Resource
Strategy

AURORA
“Wholesale Electric
Market”

500 Simulations

PRiSM
“Avista Portfolio”

Efficient Frontier

Fuel Prices
Fuel Availability
Resource Availability
Demand
Environmental
Considerations
Existing Resources
Resource Options
Transmission
Resource &
Portfolio
Margins
Conservation
Trends
Existing
Resources
Avista Load
Forecast
Energy,
Capacity,
& RPS
Balances New Resource
Options & Costs
Cost Effective T&D
Projects/Costs
Cost Effective
Conservation
Measures/Costs
Mid-Columbia
Prices
Stochastic Inputs Deterministic Inputs
Capacity
Value
Avoided
Costs
2
482
DRAFT
2011 Preferred Resource Strategy
Year Ending Resource
2012 Wind (~ 42 aMW REC)
2018 Simple Cycle CT(~ 83 MW)
2020 Simple Cycle CT (~ 83 MW)
2018-2019 Thermal Upgrades (~ 7 MW)
2018-2019 Wind (~ 43 aMW REC)
2023 Combined Cycle CT (~ 270 MW)
2026/27 Combined Cycle CT (~ 270 MW)
2029 Simple Cycle CT (~ 46 MW)
2012+ Distribution Feeder Upgrades (13 aMW by 2031)
2012+ Conservation (310 aMW by 2031)
Palouse Wind
8.9 aMW in 2012*
Smart Grid/Feeder
Rebuilds
* Early estimate to be verified by third party and does not include regional savings from NEEA
3
483
DRAFT
Annual Energy Position
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
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20
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1
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20
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8
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20
3
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20
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1
20
3
2
20
3
3
av
e
r
a
g
e

m
e
g
a
w
a
t
t
s
Hydro Resources Base/Intermediate Resources Net Firm Contracts
Peaking Resources Wind Resources Load
Load + Contingency Planning
4
484
DRAFT
Winter Single Hour Peak Position
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
20
2
4
20
2
5
20
2
6
20
2
7
20
2
8
20
2
9
20
3
0
20
3
1
20
3
2
20
3
3
me
g
a
w
a
t
t
s
Hydro Resources Base/Intermediate Resources Net Firm Contracts
Peaking Resources Load Load + Contingency Planning
5
485
DRAFT
Summer Single Hour Peak Position
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
20
2
4
20
2
5
20
2
6
20
2
7
20
2
8
20
2
9
20
3
0
20
3
1
20
3
2
20
3
3
me
g
a
w
a
t
t
s
Hydro Resources Base/Intermediate Resources Net Firm Contracts
Peaking Resources Load Load + Contingency Planning
6
486
DRAFT
Washington Energy Independence Act Compliance
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
20
2
4
20
2
5
20
2
6
20
2
7
20
2
8
20
2
9
20
3
0
20
3
1
20
3
2
20
3
3
Av
e
r
a
g
e

M
W
Purchases Prior Year RECs
New Resources Palouse Wind
Kettle Falls Hydro Upgrades
Requirement
Assumes conservative estimate of Kettle Falls with 75 percent capacity factor
7
487
DRAFT
Load Forecast Scenarios
-
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
20
1
3
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
20
2
4
20
2
5
20
2
6
20
2
7
20
2
8
20
2
9
20
3
0
20
3
1
20
3
2
20
3
3
av
e
r
a
g
e

m
e
g
a
w
a
t
t
s
Expected Case
Low Growth Case
High Growth Case
Low-Medium Case
8
488
DRAFT
PRiSM Objective Function
Linear program solving for the optimal resource strategy to meet
resource deficits over the planning horizon.
Model selects its resources to reduce cost, risk, or both.

Minimize: Total Power Supply Cost on NPV basis (2014-2054 with
emphasis on the first 14 years of the plan)

Subject to:
Risk Level
Capacity Need +/- deviation
Energy Need +/- deviation
Renewable Portfolio Standards
Resource Limitations and Timing
9
489
DRAFT
Efficient Frontier
 Demonstrates the trade off between cost and risk
 Avoided Cost Calculation
Ri
s
k

Least Cost Portfolio
Least Risk Portfolio
Find least cost portfolio
at a given level of risk
Short-Term
Market
Market + Capacity + RPS = Avoided Cost
Capacity
Need
+ Risk
Cost
10
490
DRAFT
Natural Gas Turbines Cost/Risk Tradeoffs
Frame
CT
Recip.
Engines
CCCT Ri
s
k

Cost
Aero CT
Ignoring size constraints
Hybrid
CT
All gas peaking turbines are
“nearly” the same cost/risk
and will have to be
compared in an RFP
process near acquisition
11
491
DRAFT
Natural Gas Turbines Cost/Risk Tradeoffs
Frame
CT
Recip.
Engines
CCCT
Ri
s
k

Cost
Aero CT
Includes size constraints
Hybrid
CT
12
492
DRAFT
$-
$10
$20
$30
$40
$50
$60
$70
$80
$90
$100
$400 $420 $440 $460 $480 $500 $520 $540 $560 $580
20
2
8

S
t
d
e
v
Expected Levelized Cost (2014-2033) (2013$)
Efficient Frontier ($millions)
Least Cost
Market Only
Preferred Resource Strategy
Least Risk
13
493
DRAFT
Efficient Frontier- Percent Change
-70.0%
-60.0%
-50.0%
-40.0%
-30.0%
-20.0%
-10.0%
0.0%
0.0%5.0%10.0%15.0%20.0%25.0%30.0%
De
c
r
e
m
e
n
t
a
l

R
i
s
k
Incremental Cost
14
494
DRAFT
Draft 2013 Preferred Resource Strategy
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
20
2
4
20
2
5
20
2
6
20
2
7
20
2
8
20
2
9
20
3
0
20
3
1
20
3
2
20
3
3
Na
m
e
p
l
a
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e

M
e
g
a
w
a
t
t
s
Demand Response Plant Upgrade
Market Other
Coal Other Renewables
Solar Wind
SCCT CCCT
Conservation
15
495
DRAFT
Draft 2013 Preferred Resource Strategy
Resource By the
End of
Year
Winter Peak
(MW)
Energy
Capability
(aMW)
SCCT 2019 88 69
Rathdrum CT Upgrade 2021 2 6
SCCT 2023 46 40
SCCT 2026 78 62
CCCT 2026 281 245
SCCT 2029-32 79 69
Generation Total 574 491
Conservation 2014-33 199 147
Demand Response 2022-30 20 0
Distribution Efficiencies 2014-16 <1 <1
16
496
DRAFT
Conservation Forecast
0
40
80
120
160
200
0
3
6
9
12
15
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
20
2
4
20
2
5
20
2
6
20
2
7
20
2
8
20
2
9
20
3
0
20
3
1
20
3
2
20
3
3
Cu
m
u
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a
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i
v
e

(
a
M
W
)
an
n
u
a
l

(
a
M
W
)
Energy (annual)
Energy (cumulative)
17
497
DRAFT
Cost of Conservation
$0
$20
$40
$60
$80
$100
$120
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
20
2
4
20
2
5
20
2
6
20
2
7
20
2
8
20
2
9
20
3
0
20
3
1
20
3
2
20
3
3
Cost (Millions)
Levelized $/MWh
18
498
DRAFT
Avista Greenhouse Gas Emissions
19
-
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
20
2
4
20
2
5
20
2
6
20
2
7
20
2
8
20
2
9
20
3
0
20
3
1
20
3
2
20
3
3
Sh
o
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t

T
o
n
s

p
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r

M
W
h
Sh
o
r
t

T
o
n
s

(
M
i
l
l
i
o
n
s
)
Short Tons (Avg)
Short Tons per MWh
Includes generating resources under Avista control
499
DRAFT
Draft 2013 PRS Capital Requirements (and Conservation
Expense)
$0
$200
$400
$600
$800
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
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2
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2
2
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20
3
2
20
3
3
Mi
l
l
i
o
n
s

(
A
n
n
u
a
l
)
Capital (Millions)
Conservation (annual)
Cumulative (Millions)
Conservation (Cumulative)
20
Blue bars and Red
line is generation
capital investment

White bars and Red
line is cost effective
conservation

Chart illustrates
comparison of
generation to
conservation
investment
500
DRAFT
Power Supply Cost Forecast (Range)
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
20
2
4
20
2
5
20
2
6
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2
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2
9
20
3
0
20
3
1
20
3
2
20
3
3
Mi
l
l
i
o
n
s

(
N
o
m
i
n
a
l
)
Expected Cost
2 Sigma Low
2 Sigma High
Max
21
501
DRAFT
Power Supply Cost Forecast Index ($/MWh)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
19
9
9
20
0
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3
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i
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(
2
0
1
2

=

1
0
0
)
DRAFT
22
502
Resource Strategy Scenarios
James Gall
Fifth Technical Advisory Committee Meeting
2013 Electric Integrated Resource Plan
March 20, 2013

1
503
DRAFT
Scenario Modeling Status Update
Scenarios still in progress
Conservation
Stochastic carbon pricing (and other CO2 related scenarios)
Colstrip scenarios
These will be presented at the Sixth TAC meeting on June 19,
2013

2
504
DRAFT
$-
$10
$20
$30
$40
$50
$60
$70
$80
$90
$100
$400 $420 $440 $460 $480 $500 $520 $540 $560 $580
20
2
8

S
t
d
e
v
Expected Levelized Cost (2014-2033) (2013$)
Efficient Frontier ($millions)
Least Cost
Market Only
Preferred Resource Strategy
Least Risk
3
505
DRAFT
Portfolios Along the Efficient Frontier
Risk Level
Nameplate (MW) PRS High
Medium
High Medium
Medium
Low Low
CCCT 270 - 270 540 270 270
SCCT 278 549 251 190 149 51
Wind - - - 165 99 350
Solar - - - - - -
Other Renewables - - - - - 50
Coal (sequestered) - - - - 250 295
Other - - - - - -
Market - - - - - -
Plant Upgrade 6 6 85 - 80 80
Demand Response 20 20 20 - 10 15
Total 574 575 626 895 857 1,110
Change in Cost (2028) -1.0% 1.4% 21.3% 75.8% 109.6%
Change in Risk (2028) 11.0% -3.5% -19.4% -35.9% -53.1%
4
506
DRAFT
2011 PRS Scenario
Year Ending Resource
2012 Wind (~ 42 aMW REC)
2018 Simple Cycle CT(~ 83 MW)
2020 Simple Cycle CT (~ 83 MW)
2018-2019 Thermal Upgrades (~ 7 MW)
2018-2019 Wind (~ 43 aMW REC)
2023 Combined Cycle CT (~ 270 MW)
2026/27 Combined Cycle CT (~ 270 MW)
2029 Simple Cycle CT (~ 46 MW)
2012+ Distribution Feeder Upgrades (13 aMW by 2031)
2012+ Conservation (310 aMW by 2031)
5
507
DRAFT
2011 IRP PRS
With a lower load forecast and the passage of the biomass bill in
Washington, the 2011 PRS overbuilds the needs for the 2013 IRP
timeframe
The adjusted 2011 PRS portfolio is 5.7% higher NPV and lowers
power supply risk by 14%- the higher cost is due to overbuilding
the expected demand requirements
6
508
DRAFT
25% Washington RPS by 2025 Scenario
The Washington Energy Independence Act (I-937) requires
15% of Washington retail sales to be from renewables by 2020
This scenario evaluates the costs and benefits if the goal is
changed to 25% by 2025

0
20
40
60
80
100
120
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M
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Palouse Wind Kettle Falls
Hydro Upgrades Requirement 77 aMW
Need
7
509
DRAFT
0
20
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140
160
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20
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M
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Purchases Prior Year RECs
New Resources Palouse Wind
Kettle Falls Hydro Upgrades
Requirement
25% Washington RPS in 2025 – Scenario Results
Hydro upgrades to Long Lake and Monroe Street (148 MW)
could meet most of the incremental RPS requirement
Assuming these resources provide winter capability and
summer needs are met by market, this strategy would lower
SCCT needs need by 93 MW
The 2028 cost is 3.7% higher than PRS and risk is 1.8% lower
Hydro upgrades
8
510
DRAFT
National Renewable Portfolio Standard Scenario
If the federal government passed legislation requiring renewable
generation (i.e. National RPS), this scenario addresses the
change in resource strategy and potential costs
This scenario assumes 10% of load is met by renewables by
2020, then 15% by 2025, and 20% by 2030
All Avista owned hydro generation would be netted from load to
reduce the required quantity of “RECs” – any hydro upgrades
would be netted against load rather than receive a REC credit
For modeling purposes, no banking is assumed and average
hydro is used for “hydro netting”

9
511
DRAFT
National RPS Scenario Renewable Requirements (aMW)
2015 2020 2025 2030 2033
Average Load 1,067 1,125 1,180 1,239 1,285
Average Hydro 495 481 481 481 481
Net Load 572 644 699 759 805
RPS % 0% 10% 15% 20% 20%
RPS Required 0 64 105 152 161
Palouse Wind 40 40 40 40 40
Kettle Falls 42 43 43 42 43
Total Existing RECs 82 83 83 82 83
RECs Required 0 0 22 69 78
10
512
DRAFT
National RPS Scenario Portfolio Results
Will require 230 MW of new wind capacity
Hydro upgrades are not economic without a REC credit
No other resources change within the Expected Case
20 year NPV increases 3.4% over the Expected Case
2028 Power Supply Costs are 4% higher and risk is 2.8% lower
11
513
DRAFT
Load Forecast Scenarios Impact to Net Position
(800)
(700)
(600)
(500)
(400)
(300)
(200)
(100)
-
100
200
300
20
1
4
20
1
5
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1
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me
g
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s
Winter Single Hour Peak
Low
Medium Low
Expected Case
High
12
514
DRAFT
Load Scenario Results
Load Forecast
Nameplate (MW) PRS Low
Medium
Low High
CCCT 270 270 270 270
SCCT 278 32 91 408
Wind - 0 0 0
Solar - 0 0 0
Other Renewables - 0 0 0
Coal (seq) - 0 0 0
Other - 0 0 0
Market - 0 0 0
Plant Upgrade 6 6 6 6
Demand Response 20 15 20 20
Total 574 323 387 704
Change in Cost (2028) -5.3% -3.7% 3.4%
Change in Risk (2028) -0.1% -0.5% -0.4%
13
515
DRAFT
High Planning Margin Study (Less Market Dependence)
This scenario adds more capacity resource need earlier in the
study horizon and at a higher quantity, similar to a high load
growth scenario
New resources would be required by the end of 2016 rather
then the end of 2019
Requires 117 MW of additional capacity to be built (assumes
met with peaking natural gas resource)
Result 2.9% higher NPV, 2028 cost is 3.5% higher, risk level is
similar to the PRS
14
516
DRAFT
Tipping Point Analyses
Assumes no government incentives
Find capital cost where resource would join a similar risk
portfolio structure as the PRS
Solar: $430 per kW ($3,500 per kW modeled)
Solar suffers from providing no winter peak capacity, thus
competes on an energy basis only (with little energy)
IGCC Coal w/ sequestration: $750 per kW ($6,000 per kW
modeled)
Nuclear: $2,150 per kW ($7,000 per kW modeled)
Nuclear and Coal has high O&M cost, if those costs were
lowered a higher capital cost could be afforded

15
517
Avista’s 2013 Electric Integrated Resource Plan
Technical Advisory Committee Meeting No. 6 Agenda
Wednesday, June 19, 2013
Conference Room 428

Topic Time Staff
1. Introduction 9:30

2. 2013 Final Preferred Resource Strategy 9:35 Gall

3. Break 10:15

4. Portfolio Scenario Analysis 10:30 Gall

5. Lunch 12:00

6. Net Metering and Buck-a-Block 1:00 Kalich

7. Break 1:30

8. Action Plan 1:45 Lyons

9. 2013 IRP Document Introduction 2:15 Kalich

10. Adjourn 3:00
518
2013 Preferred Resource Strategy
James Gall, Senior Power Supply Analyst
519
Reliability Needs
-600
-500
-400
-300
-200
-100
0
100
200
20
1
4
20
1
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/

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m
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January 1 Hour Peak
August 18 Hour Peak
Energy
2
520
Renewable Requirements Met
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
20
1
4
20
1
5
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Qualifying Hydro Upgrades Qualifying Resources
Purchased RECs Available Bank3
521
Efficient Frontier Analysis
$20 Mil
$30 Mil
$40 Mil
$50 Mil
$60 Mil
$70 Mil
$80 Mil
$325 Mil $350 Mil $375 Mil $400 Mil $425 Mil $450 Mil
20
2
8

p
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c
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s
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20 yr levelized annual power supply rev. req.
Market Only
Least Cost
Least Risk
Preferred Resource Strategy
4
522
Preferred Resource Strategy
Resource By the End of
Year
Nameplate (MW)Energy (aMW)
Simple Cycle CT 2019 83 76
Simple Cycle CT 2023 83 76
Combined Cycle CT 2026 270 248
Rathdrum CT Upgrade 2028 6 5
Simple Cycle CT 2032 50 46
Total 492 453
Peak Reduction
(MW)
Energy Efficiency 2014-2033 221 164
Demand Response 2022-2027 19 0
Distribution Efficiencies 2014-2017 <1 <1
Total 240 164
Efficiency Improvements By the End of
Year
Energy (aMW)
5
523
Resource Capital Requirements
Year Investment Year Investment
2014 0.0 2024 91.6
2015 0.0 2025 0.0
2016 0.0 2026 0.0
2017 0.0 2027 421.7
2018 0.0 2028 97.0
2019 0.0 2029 2.4
2020 85.8 2030 0.0
2021 0.0 2031 0.0
2022 0.0 2032 0.0
2023 0.0 2033 83.6
2014-23 Total 85.8 2024-33 Totals 696.2
6
524
Conservation Meets 42% of Load Growth
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
20
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Expected Case
Without Conservation 1.71%
1.07%
7
525
Past and Future Conservation

0
60
120
180
240
300
360
420
480
540
600
0
2
4
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10
12
14
16
18
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7
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2
cu
m
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(
a
M
W
)
an
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a
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s
a
v
i
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s

(
a
M
W
)
Cumulative
Online
8
526
Conservation Supply Curve

$0
$100
$200
$300
$400
$500
0 50 100 150 200
$
p
e
r

M
W
h
average megawatts
Conservation Supply Curve
Expected Case Conservation
Note: excludes fuel switching and pumping programs; not grossed up for line-losses.
9
527
Cost of Conservation

0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
19
9
9
20
0
0
20
0
1
20
0
2
20
0
3
20
0
4
20
0
5
20
0
6
20
0
7
20
0
8
20
0
9
20
1
0
20
1
1
20
1
2
20
1
3
20
1
4
20
1
5
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1
6
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1
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2
1
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2
2
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2
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2
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2
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2
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2
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2
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2
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3
0
20
3
1
20
3
2
20
3
3
Energy Savings (aMW)
Spending (millions $)
Levelized Cost ($/MWh)
Years
Energy
Savings
(aMW)
Avg
Spending
(millions $)
Levelized
Cost
($/MWh)
1997-2007 6.12 $7.58 $14.32
2008-2012 10.22 $19.89 $21.92
2014-2023 7.41 $21.58 $32.18
2024-2033 8.20 $49.51 $66.93
10
528
Greenhouse Gas Emission Forecast
0.00
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
Mil
1 Mil
2 Mil
3 Mil
4 Mil
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
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20
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1
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2
5
20
2
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20
2
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2
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1
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3
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s

p
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W
h
me
t
r
i
c

t
o
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s
Total
Tons per MWh of Load
11
529
Power Supply Cost Index Forecast (2012$)

0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
19
9
9
20
0
1
20
0
3
20
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7
20
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9
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1
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Historical
Forecast
Includes: conservation spending, power/REC market transactions, fuel
expense, power plant operations and maintenance costs, plant depreciation,
cost of money, taxes, and other miscellaneous expenses.
12
530
Portfolio Scenario Analysis
James Gall, Senior Power Supply Analyst
531
Scenarios
•Efficient Frontier Analysis
•Carbon Pricing
•Conservation
•Load Growth
•Resource & Policy Specific Portfolios
•Colstrip

2
532
Efficient Frontier
$20 Mil
$30 Mil
$40 Mil
$50 Mil
$60 Mil
$70 Mil
$80 Mil
$325 Mil $350 Mil $375 Mil $400 Mil $425 Mil $450 Mil
20
2
8

p
o
w
e
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s
u
p
p
l
y

c
o
s
t

s
t
d
e
v
20 yr levelized annual power supply rev. req.
Market Only
Least Cost
Least Risk
Preferred Resource Strategy
What are
these
portfolios?
3
533
Portfolio Mix at Alternative Risk Levels
Nameplate (MW) PRS High Risk Medium
High Risk
Medium
Risk
Medium
Low Risk
Low Risk
CCCT 270 - 270 270 540 540
SCCT 299 566 296 216 100 68
Wind - - - 30 50 350
Solar - - - - - -
Biomass - - - - - 50
Coal (seq) - - - - - -
Hydro Upgrade - - - - - -
Thermal Upgrade 6 6 6 85 85 80
Demand Response 19 20 20 8 12 17
Total (excluded DSM) 594 592 592 609 788 1,104

20-yr Levelized Cost (mill) $358.4 $357.9 $357.9 $362.3 $367.0 $396.0
2028 Power Supply Stdev (mill) $65.7 $74.0 $64.4 $60.5 $54.1 $40.2
2033 Greenhouse Gas Emissions
(millions of metric tons) 3.2 2.9 3.4 3.4 3.9 3.8
4
534
Carbon Pricing Effect to Efficient Frontier
$25 Mil
$50 Mil
$75 Mil
$100 Mil
$300 Mil $350 Mil $400 Mil $450 Mil $500 Mil
20
2
8

p
o
w
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s
u
p
p
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s
t
d
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v
20 yr levelized annual power supply rev. req.
Expected Case
Carbon Pricing Scenario
Carbon Pricing Scenario (Inc Conservation)
PRS (Expected Case)
PRS-(Carbon Pricing)
PRS-Higher Conservation
(Carbon Pricing)
5
535
Carbon Pricing Scenario- Least Cost
Strategy
Peaking Technology Switches to Higher Efficient Turbines
Portfolio 20-Yr Power Supply Levelized Cost
Expected Case Carbon Pricing
Scenario
PRS $358.4 $367.3
PRS w/ Higher Conservation $365.0 $377.8
Carbon Pricing Scenario- LC RS $364.7 $374.5
Portfolio 2028 Power Supply Cost Standard
Deviation
Expected Case Carbon Pricing
Scenario
PRS $65.7 $72.6
PRS w/ Higher Conservation $63.9 $70.3
Carbon Pricing Scenario- LC RS $61.0 $63.6
6
536
Conservation Avoided Cost Scenarios
•Change cost effective point of conservation
•20 Year Avoided Cost for Conservation is
$67.91/MWh
Avoided Cost
Percentage
20 Year
aMW
Delta
aMW
75% 139 -25
100% 154 -10
Expected Case (110%) 164 0
125% 184 +20
150% 201 +37
7
537
Conservation Avoided Cost Scenarios
-70%
-60%
-50%
-40%
-30%
-20%
-10%
0%
10%
20%
30%
-5%0%5%10%15%20%25%
pe
r
c
e
n
t

c
h
a
n
g
e

f
r
o
m

P
R
S

-
ri
s
k
percent change from PRS-cost
Efficient Frontier
PRS
75% AC
100% AC
125% AC
150% AC
No Conservation
8
538
Load Growth Sensitivities
Winter Peak Position

(900)
(600)
(300)
-
300
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
20
2
4
20
2
5
20
2
6
20
2
7
20
2
8
20
2
9
20
3
0
20
3
1
20
3
2
20
3
3
me
g
a
w
a
t
t
s
Low Growth
Medium Low Growth
Expected Case
High Growth
9
539
Load Growth Scenarios: Resource Selection
Year PRS Low Growth Medium Low
Growth
High Growth
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019 83 MW SCCT 150 MW SCCT
2020
2021
2022 6 MW Upgrade 92 MW SCCT
2023 83 MW SCCT 90 MW SCCT
2024
2025
2026 270 MW CCCT 270 MW CCCT 270 MW CCCT 270 MW CCCT
2027 50 MW SCCT 92 MW SCCT
2028 6 MW Upgrade
2029 6 MW Upgrade 50 MW SCCT
2030
2031
2032
2033 50 MW SCCT 50 MW SCCT
Demand Response (MW) 19 1 20 20
Conservation (aMW) 164 142 147 175 10
540
Resource Strategies from Policy Changes
Nameplate (MW) PRS Higher WA St.
RPS
National RPS Higher
Capacity
Margins
2011 PRS
CCCT 270 270 270 270 540
NG Peaker 299 249 296 435 187
Wind - - 203 - 120
Solar - - - - -
Biomass - - - - -
Coal (seq) - - - - -
Hydro Upgrade - 148 - - -
Thermal Upgrade 6 6 6 6 -
Demand Response 19 10 20 8 -
Total (Excluding Conservation) 594 683 795 718 847

20-yr Levelized Cost (millions) $354.8 $360.3 $365.3 $364.2 $373.9
2028 Power Supply Stdev (millions) $65.7 $64.8 $63.6 $65.8 $54.0
2033 Greenhouse Gas Emissions
(millions of metric tons)
3.2 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.7
11
541
Resource Specific Portfolios
-60%
-50%
-40%
-30%
-20%
-10%
0%
10%
20%
-5%0%5%10%15%20%25%
pe
r
c
e
n
t

c
h
a
n
g
e

f
r
o
m

P
R
S

-
ri
s
k
percent change from PRS-cost
Efficient Frontier
PRS
200 MW Wind (CT)
200 MW Solar (CT)
Hydro Upgrades (CT)
Two CCCTs
542
Colstrip Scenarios
•No Colstrip Resource Strategy Scenario
–Colstrip is removed from portfolio beginning in 2018
–No costs/benefits included due to its removal
•Regional Haze Program Scenario
–Assumes Colstrip #3 & #4 must install SCR or shut
down in 2027
–SCR costs are expected to be $105 million (Avista
share) plus $560k each year in O&M or $8.39/MWh
total cost levelized
543
Resource Strategy Without Colstrip
Resource By the End
of Year
Nameplate (MW)Energy (aMW)
Combined Cycle CT 2017 270 248
Simple Cycle CT 2020 50 46
Simple Cycle CT 2023 50 46
Combined Cycle CT 2026 270 248
Simple Cycle CT 2026 51 47
Simple Cycle CT 2029 55 51
Simple Cycle CT 2032 50 46
Total 797 733
Peak Reduction
(MW)
Energy Efficiency 2014-2033 221 164
Demand Response 2022-2027 20 0
Distribution Efficiencies 2014-2017 <1 <1
Total 241 164
Efficiency Improvements By the End
of Year
Energy (aMW)
544
Colstrip Scenarios: Levelized Cost
Comparison
$482
$435 $460
$408
$0 Mil
$100 Mil
$200 Mil
$300 Mil
$400 Mil
$500 Mil
$600 Mil
Carbon Pricing
Scenario-RS w/o
Colstrip
Carbon Pricing
Scenario-LC RS
w/ Colstrip
Expected Case-
No Colstrip RS
Expected Case-
PRS
le
v
e
l
i
z
e
d

p
o
w
e
r

s
u
p
p
l
y

c
o
s
t

15
545
Greenhouse Gas Emissions without Colstrip
-
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
Mil
1 Mil
2 Mil
3 Mil
4 Mil
20
1
4
20
1
5
20
1
6
20
1
7
20
1
8
20
1
9
20
2
0
20
2
1
20
2
2
20
2
3
20
2
4
20
2
5
20
2
6
20
2
7
20
2
8
20
2
9
20
3
0
20
3
1
20
3
2
20
3
3
me
t
r
i
c

t
o
n
s

p
e
r

M
W
h
me
t
r
i
c

t
o
n
s
Colstrip Reduction
Other Resources
Tons per MWh (Without Colstrip)
Tons per MWh with Colstrip
16
546
Power Supply Cost Index Comparison
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
19
9
9
20
0
1
20
0
3
20
0
5
20
0
7
20
0
9
20
1
1
20
1
3
20
1
5
20
1
7
20
1
9
20
2
1
20
2
3
20
2
5
20
2
7
20
2
9
20
3
1
20
3
3
po
w
e
r

s
u
p
p
l
y

c
o
s
t

i
n
d
e
x

Historical
Forecast
Forecast without Colstrip
17
547
2027-33 Colstrip SCR Analysis
$549
$574
$608
$587
$612
$637
$400 Mil
$500 Mil
$600 Mil
$700 Mil
PRS PRS_SCR No Colstrip LC LC_SCR No Colstrip
Expected
Case
Expected
Case
Expected
Case
Carbon
Pricing
Scenario
Carbon
Pricing
Scenario
Carbon
Pricing
Scenario
le
v
e
l
i
z
e
d

c
o
s
t

18
548
Net Metering and Buck-A-Block
Clint Kalich
Sixth Technical Advisory Committee Meeting
2013 Electric Integrated Resource Plan
June 19, 2013

549
Avista’s Net Metering Customers
0.0
0.3
0.6
0.9
1.2
1.5
0
10
20
30
40
50
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
cu
m
u
l
a
t
i
v
e

c
a
p
a
c
i
t
y

(
M
W
)
an
n
u
a
l

n
e
w

c
u
s
t
o
m
e
r
s
ID
WA
Cumulative Capacity (MW)
2
550
Avista Buck-A-Block Program
0.7
2.9
5.8
6.4
7.6
8.1 8.1 8.2 8.6 8.3
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
cu
s
t
o
m
e
r
s
av
e
r
a
g
e

m
e
g
a
w
a
t
t
s
aMW
Customers
3
551
Solar Energy Subsidies
ProfitState Incentive
State Incentive
Federal Depr
Federal Depr
Federal Depr
Federal ITC
Federal ITC
Federal ITC
Cost
Cost Cost
-125 ¢/kWh
-100 ¢/kWh
-75 ¢/kWh
-50 ¢/kWh
-25 ¢/kWh
¢/kWh
25 ¢/kWh
50 ¢/kWh
75 ¢/kWh
100 ¢/kWh
No Subsidies With Fed. Incentives With Fed. and WA
State Incentives
(Low)
With Fed. and WA
State Incentives
(High)
0
Avista Retail Rate
4
552
13
16
44
95
198
0 50 100 150 200
Low Carbon Price
Medium Carbon Price
High Carbon Price
Mandatory Coal Retirements
Increased RPS *
$/metric ton
GHG Reduction Option Costs ($/Ton)
Renewable Portfolio Standards are Least Efficient, by Far
5
553
2013 IRP Action Plan
John Lyons
Sixth Technical Advisory Committee Meeting
2013 Electric Integrated Resource Plan
June 19, 2013

554
Generation Resource Related Analysis
•Spokane and Clark Fork River hydro upgrade options in
the 2015 IRP.
•Evaluate potential locations for the natural gas-fired
resource for 2019, including environmental reviews,
transmission studies, and potential land acquisition.
•Continue participation in regional IRP and regional
planning processes and monitor regional surplus
capacity and continue to participate in regional capacity
planning processes.
•Provide status update on the Little Falls and Nine Mile
hydroelectric project upgrade progress.
2
555
Generation Resource Related Analysis
•Commission a demand response potential and cost
assessment of commercial and industrial customers.
•Continue monitoring state and federal climate change
policies and report work from Avista’s Climate Change
Council.
•Review and update the energy forecast methodology to
better integrate economic, regional, and weather drivers
of energy use.
•Develop short-term (up to 24-months) capacity position
report.

3
556
Energy Efficiency
•Work with NPCC, the Washington Utilities and
Transportation Commission, and others to resolve
adjusted market baseline issues for setting energy
efficiency target setting and acquisition claims in
Washington.
•Study and quantify transmission and distribution
efficiency projects as they apply to I-937 goals.
•Update processes and protocols for conservation
measurement, evaluation and verification.

4
557
Transmission and Distribution Planning
• Work to maintain the Company’s existing transmission
rights, under applicable FERC policies, for transmission
service to bundled retail native load.
•Continue to participate in BPA transmission processes
and rate proceedings to minimize costs of integrating
existing resources outside of Avista’s service area.
•Continue to participate in regional and sub-regional
efforts to establish new regional transmission structures
to facilitate long-term expansion of the regional
transmission system.

5
558
2013 IRP Overview
Clint Kalich
Sixth Technical Advisory Committee Meeting
2013 Electric Integrated Resource Plan
June 19, 2013

559
Executive Summary
2
560
2013 IRP Chapters
•Executive Summary
•Introduction and Stakeholder Involvement
•Loads & Resources
•Energy Efficiency
•Policy Considerations
•Transmission & Distribution
•Generation Resource Options
•Market Analysis
•Preferred Resource Strategy
•Action Items

3
561
Loads & Resources
•The 2013 IRP energy forecast grows 1.0 percent per year,
replacing the 1.4 percent annual growth rate from the last IRP.
•Peak load growth is slower than energy growth at, at 0.84
percent in the winter and 0.90 percent in the summer.
• Avista’s first long-term capacity deficit is in 2020; the first
energy deficit is in 2026.
•Palouse Wind became operational December 13, 2012.
•Kettle Falls qualifies for the Washington State Energy
Independence Act beginning in 2016.
•This IRP meets all I-937 mandates over the next 20 years with
a combination of qualifying hydro upgrades, Palouse Wind and
Kettle Falls.
4
562
Energy Efficiency
•This IRP includes a Conservation Potential Assessment
of the Company’s Idaho and Washington service
territories.
•Current Company-sponsored conservation reduces retail
loads by nearly 10 percent, or 115 aMW.
•Avista evaluated over 3,000 equipment options, and over
1,700 measure options covering all major end use
equipment, as well as devices and actions to reduce
energy consumption for this IRP.
5
563
Policy Considerations
•The 2013 IRP does not include a federal cap and trade
or greenhouse gas emissions tax in its Expected Case
because there is no policy development underway in a
regulatory context.
•The impact of potential greenhouse gas policies are
addressed through scenario analyses.
•The plan anticipates specific regulatory policies to
reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
6
564
Transmission & Distribution
•Avista continues to participate in regional planning forums.
•The Spokane Valley Reinforcement Project includes both
station update and conductor upgrades.
•A large upgrade project is under construction at the Moscow
substation to maintain adequate load service and a Noxon
substation rebuild project is in the design phase.
•Five distribution feeder rebuilds are complete since the last
IRP; six additional rebuilds are planned for 2014.
•Significant generation interconnection study work at Thornton
and Lind stations continues.
7
565
Generation Resource Options
•Only resources with well-defined costs and operating
histories are in the PRS analysis.
•Wind, solar, and hydro upgrades represent renewable
options available to the Company; future RFPs might
identify competing renewable technologies.
•Renewable resource costs assume no extensions of
state and federal incentives.
•This IRP models battery storage technology as a
resource option for the first time in an Avista IRP.
• Upgrades to Avista’s Spokane and Clark Fork River
facilities are included as resource options.
8
566
Market Analysis
•Gas and wind resources dominate new generation
additions in the West.
•Shale gas continues to lower gas and electricity price
forecasts.
•A growing Northwest wind fleet reduces springtime
market prices below zero in many hours.
•Federal greenhouse gas policy remains uncertain, but
new EPA policies point towards a regulatory model
rather than a cap-and-trade system.
•Lower natural gas prices and lower loads have reduced
greenhouse gas emissions from the US power industry
by 11 percent since 2007.
9
567
Market Analysis continued
•The Expected Case forecasts a continuing reduction to
Western Interconnect greenhouse gas emissions due to
coal plant shut downs brought on by EPA regulations.
•Coal plant shut downs have similar carbon reduction
results as a cap-and-trade market scheme, but have the
advantage of not causing wholesale market price
disruptions.
10
568
Preferred Resource Strategy
• Avista’s first anticipated resource acquisition is a natural
gas fired peaker by the end of 2019 to replace expiring
contracts and growing loads.
•A combined cycle combustion turbine replaces the
Lancaster Facility when its contract ends in 2026.
•The selection of natural gas-fired peaking units is due
primarily to their smaller size better fitting Avista’s
modest resource deficits.
•The Preferred Resource Strategy includes demand
response programs for the first time.
•Conservation offsets projected load growth by 42
percent through the 20-year IRP timeframe.
11
569
Preferred Resource Strategy continued
•Conservation spending ($711 million) exceeds new
generation resource capital spending ($696 million) over
the 20-year plan.
•The Colstrip coal plant remains a viable and cost-
effective resource throughout the planning horizon, even
under scenarios most adverse to the plant.
12
570
Remaining 2013 IRP Schedule
•June 23 TAC
•May 2013 – internal draft released at
Avista
•June 2013 – external draft released to
the TAC
•August 2013 – final editing and printing
•August 31, 2013 – final IRP
submission to Commissions and
distribution to TAC
•June 19, 2013 TAC meeting
•June 21, 2013 Management review of
Internal Draft 2013 IRP complete
•June 26, 2013 distribution of Draft
2013 IRP to TAC participants
•July 24, 2013: External review by TAC
complete
•August 30, 2013: 2013 IRP
documents sent to the Idaho and
Washington Commissions
•August 31, 2013: 2013 IRP available
to public, including publication on the
Company’s web site

13
571

2013 Electric Integrated
Resource Plan

Appendix B – 2013 Electric IRP
Work Plan

572

Work Plan for Avista’s
2013 Electric Integrated Resource
Plan

For the
Washington Utilities and Transportation Commission

August 30, 2012

573

2 | P a g e
2013 Integrated Resource Planning Work Plan

This Work Plan is submitted in compliance with the Washington Utilities and Transportation
Commission’s (UTC) Integrated Resource Planning (IRP) rules (WAC 480-100-238). It
outlines the process Avista will follow to develop its 2013 Electric IRP. The Company’s 2013
Electric IRP will be filed with Washington and Idaho Commissions by August 31, 2013.
Avista uses a public process to solicit technical expertise and feedback throughout the
development of the IRP through a series of public Technical Advisory Committee (TAC)
meetings. Avista held the first TAC meeting for the 2013 IRP on May 23, 2012.

The 2013 IRP process will be similar to those used to produce the previous four published
plans. AURORAxmp will be used for electric market price forecasting, resource valuation, and
for conducting Monte-Carlo style risk analyses. AURORAxmp

modeling results will be used to
select the Preferred Resource Strategy (PRS) using Avista’s proprietary PRiSM model. This
tool is used to determine how to fill future capacity and energy (physical/renewable) deficits
with new resources using an efficient frontier approach to evaluate quantitative portfolio risk
versus portfolio cost while accounting for environmental laws and regulations. Qualitative
risks will be evaluated in separate analyses. The process timeline is shown in Exhibit 1 and
the process to identify the PRS is shown in Exhibit 2.
Avista intends to use both detailed site-specific and generic resource assumptions in its
development of the 2013 IRP. The assumptions are based on a combination of Avista’s
research of similar technologies, engineering studies, and the Northwest Power and
Conservation Council’s Sixth Power Plan. This plan will study renewable portfolio standards,
energy storage, environmental costs, sustained peaking requirements and resource
adequacy, energy efficiency programs, and demand response. The IRP will develop a
strategy that meets or exceeds both the renewable portfolio standards and greenhouse gas
emissions regulations.

Avista intends to test the PRS against several scenarios and potential futures. The TAC
meetings will be an important factor to determine the underlying assumptions used in the
scenarios and futures. The IRP process is very technical and data intensive; public
comments are welcome, however input and participation will be needed in a timely manner
for appropriate inclusion into the process so the plan can be submitted according to the
tentative schedule outlined in this Work Plan.

Topics and meeting times may change depending on the availability of Company staff and
requests for additional topics from the TAC members. The tentative timeline and agenda
items for Technical Advisory Committee meetings follows:

• TAC 1 – May 23, 2012: Powering Our Future game, 2011 Renewable RFP, Palouse
Wind Project update, 2011 IRP acknowledgement, Energy Independence Act
compliance and forecast, and 2013 IRP Work Plan discussion.

• TAC 2 (Day 1) – September 4, 2012: Palouse Wind Project tour.
574

3 | P a g e
• TAC 2 (Day 2) – September 5, 2012: Avista renewable energy credit planning
methods, energy and economic forecasts, 2012 Shared Value Report, generation
options, and Spokane River Assessment.

• TAC 3 – November 7, 2012: Peak load forecast, reliability planning, Colstrip discussion,
energy storage technologies, modeling, and energy efficiency.

• TAC 4 – February 6, 2013: Electric and natural gas price forecasts, transmission
planning, resource needs assessment, and market and portfolio scenario development.

• TAC 5 – March 20, 2013: Draft PRS, review of scenarios and futures, and portfolio
analysis

• TAC 6 – June 19, 2013: Review of final PRS and action items.

575

4 | P a g e
2013 Electric IRP Draft Outline

This section provides a draft outline of the major sections in the 2013 Electric IRP. This
outline will be updated as IRP studies are completed and input from the Technical Advisory
Committee has been received.

1. Executive Summary
2. Introduction and Stakeholder Involvement
3. Loads and Resources
a. Economic Conditions
b. Avista Energy & Peak Load Forecast
c. Load Forecast Scenarios
d. Avista’s Resources and Contracts
e. Reliability Planning and Reserve Margins
f. Resource Requirements
4. Energy Efficiency and Demand Response
a. Conservation Potential Assessment
b. Demand Response Opportunities
c. Washington State Energy Independence Act
5. Policy Considerations
a. Environmental Concerns
b. State and Federal Policies
6. Transmission Planning
a. Avista’s Transmission System
b. Future Upgrades and Interconnections
c. Transmission Construction Costs and Integration
d. Efficiencies
7. Generation Resource Options
a. New Resource Options
b. Avista Plant Upgrades
8. Market Analysis
a. Marketplace
b. Fuel Price Forecasts
c. Market Price Forecast
d. Scenario Analysis
9. Preferred Resource Strategy
a. Resource Selection Process
b. Preferred Resource Strategy
c. Efficient Frontier Analysis
d. Avoided Costs
e. Portfolio Scenarios
f. Tipping Point Analysis
10. Action Plan
a. 2011 Action Plan Summary
b. 2013 Action Plan
576

5 | P a g e

Exhibit 1: 2013 Electric IRP Timeline
Task Target Date
Preferred Resource Strategy (PRS)
Finalize energy forecast July 2012
Identify regional resource options for electric market price
forecast
September 2012
Identify Avista’s supply & conservation resource options September 2012
Finalize peak load forecast September 2012
Update AURORAxmp database for electric market price
forecast
October 2012
Finalize datasets/statistics variables for risk studies October 2012
Energy efficiency load shapes input into AURORAxmp October 2012
Final transmission study due December 2012
Select natural gas price forecast December 2012
Finalize deterministic base case December 2012
Base case stochastic study complete January 2013
Finalize PRiSM model January 2013
Develop efficient frontier and PRS January 2013
Simulation of risk studies “futures” complete February 2013
Simulate market scenarios in AURORAxmp February 2013
Evaluate resource strategies against market futures and
scenarios
March 2013
Present preliminary study and PRS to TAC March 2013

Writing Tasks
File 2013 IRP work plan August 2012
Prepare report and appendix outline October 2012
Prepare text drafts April 2013
Prepare charts and tables April 2013
Internal draft released at Avista May 2013
External draft released to the TAC June 2013
Final editing and printing August 2013
Final IRP submission to Commissions and distribution to TAC August 31, 2013

577

Exhibit 2: 2013 Electric IRP Modeling Process
578

2013 Electric Integrated
Resource Plan

Appendix C – 2013 Electric IRP
Avista Electric Conservation
Potential Assessment Study

579

Avista Electric Conservation Potential
Assessment Study

Report Number 1341

EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting
500 Ygnacio Valley Road
Suite 450
Walnut Creek, CA 94596
Tel: [phone]
www.enernoc.com

Prepared for:
Avista Corporation

Prepared by:
EnerNOC, Inc.

Presented on:
May 30, 2013

580

This report was prepared by
EnerNOC Utility Solutions
500 Ygnacio Valley Blvd., Suite 450
Walnut Creek, CA 94596
Project Director: I. Rohmund
Project Manager: J. Borstein
581

EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting iii
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Avista Corporation (Avista) engaged EnerNOC Utility Solutions (EnerNOC) to conduct a
Conservation Potential Assessment (CPA). The CPA is a 20-year conservation potential study to
provide data on conservation resources for developing Avista’s 2013 Integrated Resource Plan
(IRP), and in accordance with Washington Initiative 937 (I-937). The study updates Avista’s last
CPA, which EnerNOC performed in 2011. The 2011 CPA used 2009, the first year for which
complete billing data was available at the time, as the base year. This update kept 2009 as the
base year for the analysis, and calibrated the model used for the assessment to align with actual
sales and conservation program achievements for the years 2010–2012.
Study Objectives
The study objectives included:
Conduct a conservation potential study for electricity for Washington and Idaho. The study
accounted for:
o Impacts of existing Avista conservation programs
o Impacts of codes and standards
o Technology developments and innovation
o The economy and energy prices
Assess and analyze cost-effective conservation potentials in accordance with the Northwest
Power and Conservation Council's (NPPC) Sixth Power Plan methodology and Washington I-
937 requirements.
Obtain supply curves showing the incremental costs associated with achieving higher levels
of conservation and stacking efficiency resources by cost of conserved energy.
Analyze various market penetration rates associated with technical, economic, and achievable
potential estimates.
Definitions of Potential
Technical potential is defined as the theoretical upper limit of conservation potential. It
assumes that customers adopt all feasible measures regardless of their cost. At the time of
existing equipment failure, customers replace their equipment with the most efficient optio n
available. In new construction, customers and developers also choose the most efficient
equipment option. Examples of measures that make up technical potential for electricity in
the residential sector include:
o High-efficiency heat pumps for homes with ducts
o Ductless mini-split heat pumps for homes without ducts
o Heat pump water heaters
o LED lighting
Technical potential also assumes the adoption of every other available measure, where
applicable. For example, it includes installation of high-efficiency windows in all new construction
opportunities and furnace maintenance in all existing buildings with furnace systems. These
retrofit measures are phased in over a number of years, which is longer for higher-cost and
complex measures.
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Executive Summary
iv enernoc.com
Economic potential represents the adoption of all cost-effective conservation measures.
In this analysis, cost-effectiveness is measured by the total resource cost (TRC) test, which
compares lifetime energy and capacity benefits to the incremental cost of the measure. If the
benefits outweigh the costs (that is, if the TRC ratio is greater than 1.0), a given measure is
considered in the economic potential. Customers are then assumed to purchase the most
cost-effective option applicable to them at any decision juncture.
Achievable potential takes into account market maturity, customer preferences for
energy-efficient technologies, and expected program participation. Achievable potential
establishes a realistic target for the conservation savings that a utility can hope to achieve
through its programs. It is determined by applying a series of annual market adoption factors
to the economic potential for each conservation measure. These factors represent the ramp
rates at which technologies will penetrate the market. To develop these factors, the project
team reviewed Avista’s past conservation program achievements and program history over
the last five years, as well as the Northwest Power and Conservation Council (NPCC) ramp
rates used in the Sixth Plan. Details regarding the market adoption factors appear in
Appendix D.
Study Approach
To execute this project, EnerNOC used a bottom-up analysis approach as shown in Figure ES-1.
The analysis involved the following steps.
1. Held a meeting with the client project team to refine the objectives.
2. Performed a market characterization to describe sector-level electricity use for the residential
and non-residential (commercial and industrial) sectors for the base year, 2009. This step
drew upon the market characterization from the 2011 CPA, but updated the characterization
to incorporate new information from the Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance (NEEA) 2012
Residential Building Stock Assessment (RBSA), EnerNOC’s own databases and tools, and
other secondary data sources such as the American Community Survey (ACS), Northwest
Power and Conservation Council (NPCC), and the Energy Information Administration (EIA).
3. Developed a baseline electricity use projection by sector, segment, and end use for 2009
through 2033. The baseline projection is the ―business as usual‖ metric, without new utility
conservation programs, against which energy savings from conservation measures are
compared. The baseline projection includes the impacts of known codes and standards, as of
2012 when the study was conducted, including the Energy Independence and Security Act
(EISA) lighting standards, which phase in during 2012–2014, and the 2010 appliance
standards. This baseline projection process incorporates the changes in market conditions
such as customer and market growth, income growth, Avista’s retail rates forecast, trends in
end-use and technology saturations, equipment purchase decisions, consumer price
elasticity, and income and persons per household.
4. Identified and characterized conservation measures. Measures to include and data to
characterize them were drawn from the Regional Technical Forum measure workbooks, the
Sixth Plan, Avista’s business plan, its technical reference manual, and EnerNOC’s own
measure database.
5. Estimated three levels of conservation potential: Technical, Economic, and Achievable.
We used EnerNOC’s Load Management Analysis and Planning tool (LoadMAPTM) version 3.0 to
develop both the baseline projection and the estimates of conservation potential. EnerNOC
developed LoadMAP in 2007 and has enhanced it over time, using it for the EPRI National
Potential Study and numerous utility-specific forecasting and potential studies.
Details of the approach as well as the data sources used in the study appear in Chapter 2.
583
Executive Summary
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting v
Figure ES-1 Overview of Analysis Approach

Market Characterization
During 2009, Avista served 354,615 residential, commercial, industrial, and pumping customers
with a combined electricity use of approximately 8,862 GWh. The study segmented these
customers by state and rate class as shown in Table ES-1 and Table ES-2. In addition, the
residential class was segmented by housing type and income (single family, multi-family, mobile
home, and low income). The low-income threshold for purposes of this study was defined as
200% of the Federal poverty level.
For this study, the project team decided not to explicitly model the conservation potential for
pumping customers, which represent 2% of load, but instead to use the NPCC Sixth Plan
calculator to estimate pumping potential. Results of that calculation appear in Chapter 4.
Potential for rate class 25P was also estimated outside of the LoadMAP framework, and thus 25P
sales are not included in Table ES-2.
Table ES-1 Electricity Sales and Peak Demand by Rate Class, Washington 2009
Sector / Rate Class Rate Schedule(s)
Number of
meters
(customers)
2009 Electricity
Sales (GWh)
2009 Peak
Demand (MW)
Residential 001 200,134 2,452 710
General Service 011, 012 27,142 416 64
Large General Service 021, 022 3,352 1,557 232
Extra Large Commercial 025C 9 266 134 Extra Large Industrial 025I 13 614
Pumping 031, 032 2,361 136 10
Total 233,011 5,440 1,150
EE measure data
Utility data
Engineering analysis
Secondary data
Market segmentation
and characterization
Customer participation
rates
Technical and economic
potential projections
Achievable potential
projection
Utility data
Customer surveys
Secondary data
Base-year energy use by
fuel, segment
Baseline
Supply curves
Scenario analyses
Custom analyses
Project report
End-use projection by
segment
Prototypes and
energy analysis
Program results
Survey data
Secondary data
Forecast data
Synthesis / analysis
584
Executive Summary
vi enernoc.com
Table ES-2 Electricity Sales and Peak Demand by Rate Class, Idaho 2009
Sector / Rate Class Rate Schedule(s) Number of meters
(customers)
2009 Electricity
Sales (MWh)
2009 Peak
Demand (MW)
Residential 001 99,580 1,182 283
General Service 011, 012 19,245 323 61
Large General Service 021, 022 1,456 700 115
Extra Large Commercial 025C 3 70 140 Extra Large Industrial 025I 6 196
Pumping 031, 032 1,312 59 4
Total 121,602 2,530 603
Note: Excludes sales to rate class 25P.
Within each segment, energy use was characterized by end-use (e.g., space heating, cooling,
lighting, water heat, motors, etc.) and by technology (e.g., heat pump, resistance heating,
furnace for space heating).
Figure ES-2 presents the residential end-use breakout in terms of intensity, kWh/household-year,
by segment for Washington and Idaho combined. Space heating is the largest single use in all
housing types, accounting for 29% of residential use overall. In three of the four segments,
appliances are the second largest energy consumer, followed by water heating and then interior
lighting. The exception is multi family housing, where water heating is the second largest end
use while appliances are the third largest end use, due to a high saturation of electric water
heating compared with the other segments. Across all housing types, interior and exterior
lighting combined represents 14% of electricity use in 2009. Electronics, which includes personal
computers, televisions, home audio, video game consoles, etc., is 8% of residential electricity
usage. The miscellaneous end use includes such devices as furnace fans, pool pumps, and other
plug loads (hair dryers, power tools, coffee makers, etc.).
Figure ES-2 Residential Intensity by End Use and Segment (kWh/household, 2009)

Figure 3-6 displays the breakdown of energy use by segment within the C&I sector. Lighting is
the largest single energy use across all of the commercial buildings, accounting for 34% of
energy use, followed by HVAC with 27% of use. For the extra large industrial customers,
machine drive and process loads dominate, together accounting for 64% of energy use.
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
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Single Family Multi Family Mobile Home Low Income All Homes
In
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Cooling
Heating
Water Heating
Interior Lighting
Exterior Lighting
Appliances
Electronics
Miscellaneous
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Executive Summary
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Figure ES-3 C&I Electricity Consumption by End Use and Segment (2009)
This market characterization is further detailed in Chapter 3.
Conservation Potential Results
All results below show cumulative potential, indicating how a measure installed in one year
continues to provide savings in subsequent years through the end of its useful measure life.
Incremental annual results appear in Appendix E. Figure ES-4 and Table ES-3 summarize the
achievable potential. The C&I sector accounts for the about 55% of the savings initially, and over
time its share of savings grows to around 60%.
Figure ES-4 Cumulative Achievable Potential by Sector (MWh)

0
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Space Heating
Ventilation
Water Heating
Interior Lighting
Exterior Lighting
Refrigeration
Food Preparation
Office Equipment
Miscellaneous
Process
Machine Drive
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25P Cumulative Savings (MWh)
WA and ID Irrigation Cumulative Savings (MWh)
C&I Cumulative Savings (MWh)
Residential Cumulative Savings (MWh)
586
Executive Summary
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Table ES-3 Cumulative Achievable Potential by State and Sector (MWh)
2014 2015 2018 2023 2028 2033
Washington Achievable Cumulative Savings (MWh)
Residential 15,091 29,603 100,792 172,576 266,751 369,293
C&I 19,927 40,930 123,755 256,653 392,186 543,380
Pumping 1,402 3,237 8,742 10,535 10,535 10,535
Total 36,420 73,770 233,289 439,764 669,472 923,208
Washington Achievable Cumulative Savings (aMW)
Residential 1.7 3.4 11.5 19.7 30.5 42.2
C&I 2.3 4.7 14.1 29.3 44.8 62.0
Pumping 0.2 0.4 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.2
Total 4.2 8.4 26.6 50.2 76.4 105.4
2014 2015 2018 2023 2028 2033
Idaho Achievable Cumulative Savings (MWh)
Residential 6,757 13,183 46,795 79,385 125,347 177,826
C&I 8,863 16,427 53,214 124,987 192,518 261,813
Pumping 618 1,426 3,852 4,642 4,642 4,642
Total 16,238 31,036 103,861 209,014 322,507 444,281
Idaho Achievable Cumulative Savings (aMW)
Residential 0.8 1.5 5.3 9.1 14.3 20.3
C&I 1.0 1.9 6.1 14.3 22.0 29.9
Pumping 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5
Total 1.9 3.5 11.9 23.9 36.8 50.7
2014 2015 2018 2023 2028 2033
Washington and Idaho Achievable Cumulative Savings (MWh)
Residential 21,848 42,786 147,588 251,961 392,098 547,119
C&I 28,790 57,357 176,969 381,640 584,703 805,193
Pumping 2,020 4,663 12,593 15,177 15,177 15,177
Total 52,657 104,806 337,150 648,778 991,979 1,367,490
Washington and Idaho Achievable Cumulative Savings (aMW)
Residential 2.5 4.9 16.8 28.8 44.8 62.5
C&I 3.3 6.5 20.2 43.6 66.7 91.9
Pumping 0.2 0.5 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.7
Total 6.0 12.0 38.5 74.1 113.2 156.1

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Executive Summary
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting ix
Figure ES-5 presents the residential cumulative achievable potential in 2018 by end use. We note
the following:
Lighting, primarily the conversion of both interior and exterior lamps to compact fluorescent
lamps in the first few years, followed by LEDs for exterior lighting stating in 2015 and for
interior lighting starting in 2017, represents 70,446 MWh or 47% of savings. Utility programs
and other market transformation programs have made customers accepting of new lighting
technologies, and thus these technologies are relatively well accepted by consumers.
Water heating is the next highest source of achievable potential. As discussed above, water
heating provides the largest economic potential, but the market for heat pump water heaters
remains immature, and thus the uptake of this technology is limited in the near term.
Although conversion to gas water heating is a mature technology and readily accepted,
customers may be unable to convert at the time of replacement due to timing issues or other
considerations.
Space heating provides 20% of achievable potential mainly due to electric furnaces being
converted to gas units, and resistance heating being displaced by ductless heat pumps.
Figure ES-5 Residential Cumulative Achievable Potential by End Use in 2018
As shown in Figure ES-6, the primary sources of C&I sector achievable savings in 2018 are as
follows:
Interior and exterior lighting, comprising lamps, fixtures, and controls, account for 64% of
C&I sector achievable potential. Not only is economic potential high for lighting measures,
but they are more readily accepted and implemented in the market than many other, higher
cost and more complex measures.
Office Equipment, which is the second largest portion of this sector’s achievable potential
(11%)
Water heating and Ventilation each provides 6% of the total savings
Cooling
3%
Space Heating
20%
Water Heating
24%
Interior Lighting
38%
Exterior
Lighting
9%
Appliances
3%
Electronics
6%
Miscellaneous
1%
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Figure ES-6 C&I Cumulative Achievable Potential Cumulative Savings by End Use in 2018
(percentage of total)

Cooling
2%
Space Heating
1%Ventilation
6%
Water Heating
6%
Food Preparation
1%
Refrigeration
5%
Interior Lighting
57%
Exterior Lighting
7%
Office Equipment
11%
Machine Drive
2%
Process
2%
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Executive Summary
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting xi
Table ES-4 summarizes the potential, by state and for the overall service territory, for selected
years. For pumping and rate class 25P, only achievable potential was calculated. Economic and
technical potential for these two relatively small rate classes were assumed to be equal to
achievable potential. Figure ES -7 presents this information graphically.
Key findings related to cumulative conservation potentials are as follows.
Achievable potential, for the residential, commercial, and industrial sectors is 100,143
MWh or 11.4 aMW for the 2014–2015 biennium. With the addition of pumping, achievable
potential is 12.0 aMW for the 2014-2015 biennium and increases to 156.1 aMW by 2033.
Washington provides approximately 70% of the potential in most years. Over the 2014–2033
period, the achievable potential forecast offsets 39% of the overall growth in the residential
and C&I combined baseline projections.
Economic potential, which reflects the savings when all cost-effective measures are taken,
is 480,967 MWh or 54.9 aMW for2014–2015. By 2033, economic potential reaches 304.5
aMW.
Technical potential, which reflects the adoption of all conservation measures regardless of
cost-effectiveness, is a theoretical upper bound on savings. For 2014–2015, technical
potential savings are 1,372,283 MWh or 156.7 aMW. By 2033, technical potential reaches
497.2 aMW.

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Table ES-4 Summary of Cumulative Conservation Potential
2014 2015 2018 2023 2028 2033
Washington Cumulative Savings (MWh)
Achievable Potential 36,420 73,770 233,289 439,764 669,472 923,208
Economic Potential 214,944 329,262 741,547 1,131,761 1,539,860 1,807,576
Technical Potential 794,447 941,497 1,550,783 2,212,885 2,704,067 3,024,259
Washington Cumulative Savings (aMW)
Achievable Potential 4.2 8.4 26.6 50.2 76.4 105.4
Economic Potential 24.5 37.6 84.7 129.2 175.8 206.3
Technical Potential 90.7 107.5 177.0 252.6 308.7 345.2
Idaho Cumulative Savings (MWh)
Achievable Potential 16,238 31,036 103,861 209,014 322,507 444,281
Economic Potential 101,779 151,705 350,121 538,404 734,193 859,791
Technical Potential 368,926 430,787 700,966 975,464 1,195,587 1,330,893
Idaho Cumulative Savings (aMW)
Achievable Potential 1.9 3.5 11.9 23.9 36.8 50.7
Economic Potential 11.6 17.3 40.0 61.5 83.8 98.1
Technical Potential 42.1 49.2 80.0 111.4 136.5 151.9
Total Washington and Idaho Cumulative Savings (MWh)
Achievable Potential 52,657 104,806 337,150 648,778 991,979 1,367,490
Economic Potential 316,722 480,967 1,091,669 1,670,165 2,274,053 2,667,367
Technical Potential 1,163,373 1,372,283 2,251,749 3,188,349 3,899,655 4,355,152
Total Washington and Idaho Cumulative Savings (aMW)
Achievable Potential 6.0 12.0 38.5 74.1 113.2 156.1
Economic Potential 36.2 54.9 124.6 190.7 259.6 304.5
Technical Potential 132.8 156.7 257.0 364.0 445.2 497.2
Note: For pumping and rate class 25P, only achievable potential was calculated and thus economic and technical
potential were assumed to be equal to achievable potential for these two rate classes.
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Executive Summary
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting xiii
Figure ES -7 Summary of Cumulative Energy Savings, Residential and C&I

Note: Excludes pumping and 25P.

Chapter 4 provides additional detail by sector and segment.
Sensitivity of Potential to Avoided Cost
Similar to the 2011 CPA, EnerNOC modeled several scenarios with varying levels of avoided costs
in addition to the reference case. For this study’s purposes, we have included a case where the
10% adder per NW Power and Conservation Act is removed. The other scenarios included 150%,
125%, and 75% of the avoided costs used in the reference case. Figure ES-8 and Table ES-5
show how achievable potential varies under the four scenarios.
The reference case achievable potential reaches approximately at 1,352,291 MWh by 2033.
Removing the 10% adder from the avoided costs decreased this achievable potential to
1,272,206 MWh, 6% reduction.
With the 150% avoided cost case, achievable potential increased to 1,657,741 MWh (23%
increase from reference) while the 125% avoided cost case and the 75% avoided cost case
yielded achievable potential equal to 1,521,856 (13% increase) and 1,146,105 MWh (15%
decrease) respectively.
While the changes are significant, the relationship between avoided cost and achievable potential
is not linear and increases in avoided costs do not provide equivalent percentage increases in
achievable potential. Technical potential imposes a limit on the amount of additional conservation
and each incremental unit of DSM becomes increasingly expensive.
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Economic Potential
Technical Potential
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Figure ES-8 Energy Savings, Cumulative Achievable Potential by Avoided Costs
Scenario (MWh)

Note: Excludes pumping and 25P.

Table ES-5 Achievable Potential with Varying Avoided Costs
End Use Reference
Scenario
Remove
10% adder
75% of
avoided
costs
125% of
avoided
costs
150% of
avoided
costs
Achievable potential savings
2033 (MWh) 1,352,291 1,272,206 1,146,105 1,521,856 1,657,741
Percentage change in savings vs.
100% avoided cost Scenario -6% -15% 13% 23%
Note: Excludes pumping and 25P.

Supply Curves
The project also developed supply curves for each year to support the IRP process. At Avista’s
request, the supply curves did not consider economic screening based on Avista’s avoided costs.
Instead, all measures were included and the amount of savings from each measure in each year
was limited by the ramp rates used for achievable potential. The supply curves do not include
the savings from electricity to natural gas fuel switching, discussed above.
A sample supply curve for one year is shown in Figure ES-9. This supply curve is created by
stacking measures and equipment over the 20-year planning horizon in ascending order of cost.
As expected, this stacking of conservation resources produces a traditional upward-sloping
supply curve. Because there is a gap in the cost of the energy efficiency measures as you move
up the supply curve, the measures with a very high cost cause a rapid sloping of the supply
curve. The supply curve also shows that substantial savings are available at low- or no-cost.
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200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
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100% of reference case avoided costs
150% of avoided costs
125% of avoided costs
Reference case without 10% adder
75% of avoided costs
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Executive Summary
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting xv
Figure ES-9 Supply Curves for Evaluated EE Measures and Avoided Cost Scenarios
Note: Excludes pumping and 25P.
Washington Potential Excluding Conversions to Natural Gas
Avista has a history of fuel switching from electricity to natural gas and continues to target direct
use as the most efficient resource option when available. The conservation potential reported
above includes savings potential attributable to conversion of electric space and water heating to
natural gas. However, fuel efficiency is not considered in the NPCC Sixth Plan, and thus potential
due to fuel conversions is not included in Avista’s conservation target consistent with Washington
I-937. Washington potential consistent with the NPCC Conservation Plan methodology appears in
Table ES -6. The energy efficiency target illustrated in Table ES-6, in addition to Avista’s
distribution efficiency target, make up the I-397 target that will be filed in Avista upcoming
Biennial Conservation Plan for the 2014–2015 biennium.
Table ES -6 Washington Cumulative Potential Consistent with Conservation Plan
Methodology
2014 2015 2018 2023
Cumulative Savings (MWh)
Residential 15,091 29,603 100,792 172,576
Commercial and Industrial 19,927 40,930 123,755 256,653
Pumping 1,402 3,237 8,742 0
Conversions to Natural Gas (3,148) (6,633) (16,827) (35,028)
Total 33,272 67,137 216,462 394,200
Cumulative Savings (aMW)
Residential 1.72 3.38 11.51 19.70
Commercial and Industrial 2.27 4.67 14.13 29.30
Pumping 0.16 0.37 1.00 0.00
Conversions to Natural Gas (0.36) (0.76) (1.92) (4.00)
Total 3.80 7.66 24.71 45.00
$-
$0.10
$0.20
$0.30
$0.40
$0.50
$0.60
$0.70
$0.80
$0.90
$1.00
-100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
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/
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Cumulative Savings 2020 (GWh)
Cost/kWh
Avoided Cost ($0.0489kWh)
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Executive Summary
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Additional details on potential by sector and segment appear in Chapter 4. A second volume
provides appendices with supporting information and additional results.

595

EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting xvii
CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 1-1
Abbreviations and Acronyms ........................................................................................... 1-2
2 ANALYSIS APPROACH AND DATA DEVELOPMENT ................................................ 2-1
Analysis Approach .......................................................................................................... 2-1
LoadMAP Model ................................................................................................. 2-2
Market Characterization ...................................................................................... 2-3
Market Profiles ................................................................................................... 2-6
Baseline Projection ............................................................................................. 2-6
Conservation Measure Analysis ........................................................................... 2-6
Conservation Potential ...................................................................................... 2-10
Data Development ....................................................................................................... 2-11
Data Sources ................................................................................................... 2-11
Data Application ............................................................................................... 2-13
3 MARKET CHARACTERIZATION AND MARKET PROFILES ...................................... 3-1
Energy Use Summary ..................................................................................................... 3-1
Residential Sector .......................................................................................................... 3-3
C&I Sector ..................................................................................................................... 3-8
4 CONSERVATION POTENTIAL ................................................................................ 4-1
Overall Potential ............................................................................................................ 4-1
Residential Sector .......................................................................................................... 4-4
Residential Potential by End Use, Technology, and Measure Type ......................... 4-6
Residential Potential by Market Segment ........................................................... 4-10
C&I Sector Potential ..................................................................................................... 4-12
C&I Potential by End Use, Technology, and Measure Type.................................. 4-14
C&I Potential by Market Segment ...................................................................... 4-19
Sensitivity of Potential to Avoided Cost .......................................................................... 4-20
Electricity to Natural Gas Fuel Switching ........................................................................ 4-21
Supply Curves .............................................................................................................. 4-22
Pumping Potential ........................................................................................................ 4-23
Washington Potential Excluding Conversions to Natural Gas ........................................... 4-24
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EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting xix
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure ES-1 Overview of Analysis Approach ................................................................................. v
Figure ES-2 Residential Intensity by End Use and Segment (kWh/household, 2009) ...................... vi
Figure ES-3 C&I Electricity Consumption by End Use and Segment (2009) .................................. vii
Figure ES-4 Cumulative Achievable Potential by Sector (MWh) .................................................... vii
Figure ES-5 Residential Cumulative Achievable Potential by End Use in 2018 ................................ ix
Figure ES-6 C&I Cumulative Achievable Potential Cumulative Savings by End Use in 2018
(percentage of total) ................................................................................................ x
Figure ES -7 Summary of Cumulative Energy Savings, Residential and C&I ................................... xii
Figure ES-8 Energy Savings, Cumulative Achievable Potential by Avoided Costs Scenario (MWh) .. xiii
Figure ES-9 Supply Curves for Evaluated EE Measures and Avoided Cost Scenarios..................... xiv
Figure 2-1 Overview of Analysis Approach .............................................................................. 2-1
Figure 2-2 LoadMAP Analysis Framework ................................................................................ 2-3
Figure 2-3 Approach for Measure Assessment ......................................................................... 2-7
Figure 2-4 Avoided Costs ..................................................................................................... 2-20
Figure 3-1 Electricity Sales by Rate Class, 2009 ...................................................................... 3-2
Figure 3-2 Electricity Sales by Rate Class, Idaho 2009 ............................................................. 3-2
Figure 3-3 Percentage of Residential Electricity Use by End Use and Segment (2009) ............... 3-7
Figure 3-4 Residential Intensity by End Use and Segment (kWh/household, 2009) .................... 3-8
Figure 3-5 Commercial and Industrial Electricity Consumption by Segment 2009 ...................... 3-9
Figure 3-6 C&I Electricity Consumption by End Use, 2009 ..................................................... 3-11
Figure 3-7 C&I Electricity Consumption by End Use and Segment (2009) ............................... 3-12
Figure 4-1 Cumulative Achievable Potential by Sector (MWh) ................................................... 4-1
Figure 4-2 Summary of Cumulative Energy Savings, Residential and C&I .................................. 4-4
Figure 4-4 Residential Cumulative Savings by Potential Case ................................................... 4-5
Figure 4-5 Residential Cumulative Achievable Potential by End Use in 2018 .............................. 4-8
Figure 4-6 C&I Cumulative Savings by Potential Case ............................................................ 4-13
Figure 4-7 C&I Cumulative Achievable Potential Cumulative Savings by End Use in 2018
(percentage of total) ........................................................................................... 4-18
Figure 4-8 C&I Cumulative Achievable Savings in 2018 by End Use and Building Type ............ 4-20
Figure 4-9 Energy Savings, Cumulative Achievable Potential by Avoided Costs Scenario (MWh)4-21
Figure 4-10 Supply Curves for Evaluated EE Measures and Avoided Cost Scenarios................... 4-23
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EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting xxi
LIST OF TABLES
Table ES-1 Electricity Sales and Peak Demand by Rate Class, Washington 2009 ........................... v
Table ES-2 Electricity Sales and Peak Demand by Rate Class, Idaho 2009 ................................... vi
Table ES-3 Cumulative Achievable Potential by State and Sector (MWh) .................................... viii
Table ES-4 Summary of Cumulative Conservation Potential ........................................................ xi
Table ES-5 Achievable Potential with Varying Avoided Costs ...................................................... xiii
Table ES -6 Washington Cumulative Potential Consistent with Conservation Plan Methodology .... xiv
Table 1-1 Explanation of Abbreviations and Acronyms ............................................................ 1-3
Table 2-1 Overview of Segmentation Scheme for Potentials Modeling ..................................... 2-3
Table 2-2 Residential Electric End Uses and Technologies ...................................................... 2-4
Table 2-3 C&I Electric End Uses and Technologies ................................................................. 2-5
Table 2-4 Number of Measures Evaluated ............................................................................. 2-8
Table 2-5 Example Equipment Measures for Air-Source Heat Pump – Single Family Home ........ 2-9
Table 2-6 Example Non-Equipment Measures – Single Family Home, Existing .......................... 2-9
Table 2-7 Economic Screen Results for Selected Single Family Equipment Measures .............. 2-10
Table 2-8 Data Applied for the Market Profiles ..................................................................... 2-14
Table 2-9 Data Needs for the Baseline Projection and Potentials Estimation in LoadMAP ........ 2-15
Table 2-10 Residential Electric Equipment Standards Applicable to Avista ................................ 2-16
Table 2-11 Commercial Electric Equipment Standards Applicable to Avista .............................. 2-17
Table 2-12 Industrial Electric Equipment Standards Applicable to Avista .................................. 2-18
Table 2-13 Data Needs for the Measure Characteristics in LoadMAP ....................................... 2-19
Table 3-1 Electricity Sales and Peak Demand by Rate Class, Washington 2009 ........................ 3-1
Table 3-2 Electricity Sales and Peak Demand by Rate Class, Idaho 2009 ................................. 3-1
Table 3-3 Residential Sector Allocation by Segments, 2009 .................................................... 3-3
Table 3-4 Residential Electricity Usage and Intensity by Segment and State, 2009 ................... 3-4
Table 3-5 Average Residential Sector Market Profile, Washington ........................................... 3-5
Table 3-6 Average Residential Sector Market Profile, Idaho .................................................... 3-6
Table 3-7 Residential Electricity Use by End Use and Segment (kWh/HH/year, 2009) ............... 3-7
Table 3-8 Commercial and Industrial Sector Market Characterization Results, Washington 20093-9
Table 3-9 Commercial and Industrial Sector Market Characterization Results, Idaho 2009 ........ 3-9
Table 3-10 Large Commercial Segment Market Profile, Washington, 2009 ............................... 3-10
Table 3-11 C&I Electricity Consumption by End Use and Segment (GWh, 2009) ..................... 3-11
Table 4-1 Cumulative Achievable Potential by State and Sector (MWh) ................................... 4-2
Table 4-2 Summary of Cumulative Conservation Potential ...................................................... 4-3
Table 4-4 Residential Cumulative Savings by End Use and Potential Type (MWh)..................... 4-6
Table 4-5 Residential Cumulative Achievable Potential for Equipment Measures (MWh) ............ 4-9
Table 4-6 Residential Cumulative Achievable Potential by Market Segment ............................ 4-11
Table 4-7 Residential Cumulative Achievable Potential by End Use and Market Segment, 2018
(MWh) ............................................................................................................... 4-11
Table 4-8 Residential Cumulative Achievable Potential by End Use and Market Segment, 2018
(MWh) ............................................................................................................... 4-12
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xxii enernoc.com
Table 4-9 Cumulative Conservation Potential for the C&I Sector ........................................... 4-12
Table 4-10 C&I Cumulative Potential by End Use and Potential Type (MWh) ........................... 4-14
Table 4-11 C&I Cumulative Achievable Savings for Equipment Measures (MWh) ...................... 4-16
Table 4-12 C&I Cumulative Achievable Savings for Non-equipment Measures (MWh) ............... 4-17
Table 4-13 C&I Cumulative Potential by Market Segment, 2018 .............................................. 4-19
Table 4-14 C&I Cumulative Achievable Savings in 2018 by End Use and Rate Class(MWh) ....... 4-19
Table 4-15 Achievable Potential with Varying Avoided Costs ................................................... 4-21
Table 4-16 Cumulative Achievable Potential from Conversion to Natural Gas (MWh) ................ 4-22
Table 4-17 Pumping Rate Classes, Electricity Sales and Peak Demand 2009 ............................ 4-23
Table 4-18 Sixth Plan Calculator Agriculture Incremental Annual Potential, 2014–2019 (MWh) . 4-24
Table 4-19 Washington Cumulative Potential Consistent with Conservation Plan Methodology .. 4-24
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EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting 1-1
INTRODUCTION
Background
Avista Corporation (Avista) engaged EnerNOC Utility Solutions (EnerNOC) to conduct a
Conservation Potential Assessment (CPA). The CPA is a 20-year conservation potential study to
provide data on conservation resources for developing Avista’s 2013 Integrated Resource Plan
(IRP), and in accordance with Washington Initiative 937 (I-937). The study updates Avista’s last
CPA, which EnerNOC performed in 2011. The 2011 CPA used 2009, the first year for which
complete billing data was available at the time, as the base year. This update kept 2009 as the
base year for the analysis, and calibrated the model used for the assessment to align with actual
sales and conservation program achievements for the years 2010–2012.
Report Organization
This remainder of this report is presented in three chapters as outlined below.
Chapter 2 — Analysis Approach and Data Development
Chapter 3 — Market Characterization and Market Profiles
Chapter 4 — Conservation Potential
Definition of Potential
In this study, we estimate the potential for conservation savings. The savings estimates
represent gross savings developed into three types of potential: technical potential, economic
potential, and achievable potential. Technical and economic potential are both theoretical limits
to conservation savings. Achievable potential embodies a set of assumptions about the decisions
consumers make regarding the efficiency of the equipment they purchase, the maintenance
activities they undertake, the controls they use for energy-consuming equipment, and the
elements of building construction. The various levels are described below.
Technical potential is defined as the theoretical upper limit of conservation potential. It
assumes that customers adopt all feasible measures regardless of their cost. At the time of
existing equipment failure, customers replace their equipment with the most efficient option
available. In new construction, customers and developers also choose the most efficient
equipment option. Examples of measures that make up technical potential for electricity in
the residential sector include:
o High-efficiency heat pumps for homes with ducts
o Ductless mini-split heat pumps for homes without ducts
o Heat pump water heaters
o LED lighting
Technical potential also assumes the adoption of every other available measure, where
applicable. For example, it includes installation of high-efficiency windows in all new construction
opportunities and furnace maintenance in all existing buildings with furnace systems. These
retrofit measures are phased in over a number of years, which is longer for higher-cost and
complex measures.
Economic potential represents the adoption of all cost-effective conservation measures.
In this analysis, cost-effectiveness is measured by the total resource cost (TRC) test, which
compares lifetime energy and capacity benefits to the incremental cost of the measure. If the
benefits outweigh the costs (that is, if the TRC ratio is greater than 1.0), a given measure is
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considered in the economic potential. Customers are then assumed to purchase the most
cost-effective option applicable to them at any decision juncture.
Achievable potential takes into account market maturity, customer preferences for
energy-efficient technologies, and expected program participation. Achievable potential
establishes a realistic target for the conservation savings that a utility can hope to achieve
through its programs. It is determined by applying a series of annual market adoption factors
to the economic potential for each conservation measure. These factors represent the ramp
rates at which technologies will penetrate the market. To develop these factors, the project
team reviewed Avista’s past conservation program achievements and program history over
the last five years, as well as the Northwest Power and Conservation Council (NPCC) ramp
rates used in the Sixth Plan. Details regarding the market adoption factors appear in
Appendix D.
Abbreviations and Acronyms
Throughout the report we use several abbreviations and acronyms. Table 1-1 shows the
abbreviation or acronym, along with an explanation.
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Table 1-1 Explanation of Abbreviations and Acronyms
Acronym Explanation
ACS American Community Survey
AEO Annual Energy Outlook forecast developed annual by the Energy Information
Administration of the DOE
B/C Ratio Benefit to cost ratio
BEST EnerNOC’s Building Energy Simulation Tool
CAC Central air conditioning
C&I Commercial and industrial
CBECS Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey (prepared by EIA)
CBSA NEAA Commercial Building Stock Assessment
CFL Compact fluorescent lamp
DEEM EnerNOC’s Database of Energy Efficiency Measures
DEER State of California Database for Energy-Efficient Resources
DSM Demand side management
EE Energy efficiency
EIA Energy Information Administration
EISA Energy Efficiency and Security Act of 2007
EPACT Energy Policy Act of 2005
EPRI Electric Power Research Institute
EUI Energy-use index
HH Household
HID High intensity discharge lamps
HPWH Heat pump water heater
IRP Integrated Resource Plan
LED Light emitting diode lamp
LoadMAP EnerNOC’s Load Management Analysis and PlanningTM tool
MECS Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey (prepared by EIA)
NEEA Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance
NPCC Northwest Power and Conservation Council
RTF Regional Technical Forum
RASS California Residential Appliance Saturation Survey
CEUS California Commercial End-Use Survey
REEPS EPRI Residential End-use Energy Planning System
COMMEND EPRI COMMercial END-use planning system
RBSA NEAA Residential Building Stock Assessment
RECS Residential Energy Consumption Survey (prepared by EIA)
RTU Roof top unit
Sq. ft. Square feet
TRM Technical Reference Manual
TRC Total resource cost
UEC Unit energy consumption
UES Unit energy savings (as defined in RTF measure workbooks)
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ANALYSIS APPROACH AND DATA DEVELOPMENT
This section describes the analysis approach taken for the study and the data sources used to
develop the potential estimates.
Analysis Approach
To perform the conservation potential analysis, EnerNOC used a bottom-up analysis approach as
shown in Figure 2-1.
Figure 2-1 Overview of Analysis Approach

The analysis involved the following steps.
1. Held a meeting with the client project team to refine the objectives of the project in detail.
This resulted in a work plan for the study.
2. Performed a market characterization to describe sector-level electricity use for the residential
and non-residential (commercial and industrial) sectors for the base year, 2009. This step
drew upon the market characterization from the 2011 CPA, but updated the characterization
to incorporate new information from the Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance (NEEA) 2012
Residential Building Stock Assessment (RBSA), EnerNOC’s own databases and tools, and
other secondary data sources such as the American Community Survey (ACS), Northwest
Power and Conservation Council (NPCC), and the Energy Information Administration (EIA).
3. Developed a baseline electricity use projection by sector, segment, and end use for 2009
through 2033.
EE measure data
Utility data
Engineering analysis
Secondary data
Market segmentation
and characterization
Customer participation
rates
Technical and economic
potential projections
Achievable potential
projection
Utility data
Customer surveys
Secondary data
Base-year energy use by
fuel, segment
Baseline
Supply curves
Scenario analyses
Custom analyses
Project report
End-use projection by
segment
Prototypes and
energy analysis
Program results
Survey data
Secondary data
Forecast data
Synthesis / analysis
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4. Identified and characterized conservation measures.
5. Estimated three levels of conservation potential: measure-level conservation potential:
Technical, Economic, and Achievable.
The analysis approach for all these steps is described in further detail throughout the remainder
of this chapter.
LoadMAP Model
We used EnerNOC’s Load Management Analysis and Planning tool (LoadMAPTM) version 3.0 to
develop both the baseline forecast and the estimates of conservation potential. EnerNOC
developed LoadMAP in 2007 and has enhanced it over time, using it for the EPRI National
Potential Study and numerous utility-specific forecasting and potential studies. Built in Excel, the
LoadMAP framework, illustrated in Figure 2-1, is both accessible and transparent and has the
following key features.
Embodies the basic principles of rigorous end-use models (such as EPRI’s REEPS and
COMMEND) but in a more simplified, accessible form.
Includes stock-accounting algorithms that treat older, less efficient appliance/equipment
stock separately from newer, more efficient equipment. Equipment is replaced according to
the measure life and appliance vintage distributions defined by the user.
Balances the competing needs of simplicity and robustness by incorporating important
modeling details related to equipment saturations, efficiencies, vintage, and the like, where
market data are available, and treats end uses separately to account for varying importance
and availability of data resources.
Isolates new construction from existing equipment and buildings and treats purchase
decisions for new construction and existing buildings separately.
Uses a simple logic for appliance and equipment decisions. LoadMAP allows the user to drive
the appliance and equipment choices year by year directly in the model. This flexible
approach allows users to import the results from diffusion models or to input individual
assumptions. The framework also facilitates sensitivity analysis.
Includes appliance and equipment models customized by end use. For example, the logic for
lighting is distinct from refrigerators and freezers.
Can accommodate various levels of segmentation. Analysis can be performed at the sector
level (e.g., total residential) or for customized segments within sectors (e.g., housing type or
income level).
Consistent with the segmentation scheme and the market profiles we describe below, the
LoadMAP model provides projections of baseline energy use by sector, segment, end use, and
technology for existing and new buildings. It also provides projections of total energy use and
conservation savings associated with the three types of potential.1

1 The model computes energy and peak-demand forecasts for each type of potential for each end use as an intermediate calculation.
Annual-energy and peak-demand savings are calculated as the difference between the value in the baseline forecast and the value in
the potential forecast (e.g., the technical potential forecast).
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Figure 2-2 LoadMAP Analysis Framework

Market Characterization
In order to estimate the savings potential from conservation measures, it is necessary to
understand how much energy is used today and what equipment is currently being used. This
characterization begins with a segmentation of Avista’s energy footprint to quantify energy use
by sector, segment, fuel, end-use application, and the current set of technologies used. We
incorporate information from the secondary research sources to advise the market
characterization.
Segmentation for Modeling Purposes
The market assessment first defined the market segments (building types, end uses and other
dimensions) that are relevant in the Avista service territory. The segmentation scheme for this project
is presented in Table 2-1, and is the same as that used in the 2011 CPA.
Table 2-1 Overview of Segmentation Scheme for Potentials Modeling
Market
Dimension Segmentation Variable Dimension Examples
1 Sector Residential, commercial and industrial
2 Building type
Residential (single family, multi family, mobile home,
low income)
Commercial and Industrial (small/medium
commercial, large commercial, extra large
commercial, extra large industrial)
3 Vintage Existing and new construction
4 Fuel Electricity
5 End uses Cooling, space heating, lighting, water heat, motors,
etc. (as appropriate by sector)
6 Appliances/end uses and
technologies
Technologies such as lamp type, air conditioning
equipment, motors by application, etc.
7 Equipment efficiency levels for new
purchases
Baseline and higher-efficiency options as appropriate
for each technology
Market Profiles
Market size
Equipment saturation
Fuel shares
Technology shares
Vintage distribution
Unit energy consumption
Coincident demand
Base-year Energy
Consumption
by technology,
end use, segment,
vintage & sector
Economic Data
Customer growth
Energy prices
Exogenous factors
Elasticities
Energy-efficiency
analysis
List of measures
Saturations
Adoption rates
Avoided costs
Cost-effectiveness
screening
Baseline
Projection
Savings
Estimates
(Annual & peak)
Technical potential
Economic potential
Achievable potential
Customer segmentation Energy-efficiency
Projection:
Technical
Economic
Achievable
Technology Data
Efficiency options
Codes and standards
Purchase shares
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Following this scheme, the residential sector was segmented as described below, starting with
customer segments by building type:
Single family
Multi family
Mobile home
Low income
In addition to segmentation by housing type, we identified the set of end uses and technologies
that are appropriate for Avista’s residential sector. These are shown in Table 2-2.
Table 2-2 Residential Electric End Uses and Technologies
End Use Technology
Cooling Central Air Conditioning (CAC)
Cooling Room Air Conditioning (RAC)
Cooling/Space Heating Air-Source Heat Pump
Cooling/Space Heating Geothermal Heat Pump
Space Heating Electric Resistance
Space Heating Electric Furnace
Space Heating Supplemental
Water Heating Water Heater <= 55 gal
Water Heating Water Heater > 55 gal
Interior Lighting Screw-in Lamps
Interior Lighting Linear Fluorescent Lamps
Interior Lighting Specialty
Exterior Lighting Screw-in Lamps
Appliances Clothes Washer
Appliances Clothes Dryer
Appliances Dishwasher
Appliances Refrigerator
Appliances Freezer
Appliances Second Refrigerator
Appliances Stove
Appliances Microwaves
Electronics Personal Computers
Electronics TVs
Electronics Set-top Boxes/DVR
Electronics Devices and Gadgets
Miscellaneous Pool Pump
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous

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For the commercial and industrial sector (C&I), we segmented the market based on Avista’s rate
classes, using the following segments.
Small/medium Commercial
Large Commercial
Extra Large Commercial
Extra Large Industrial
The set of end uses and technologies for the C&I sector appear in Table 2-3.
Table 2-3 C&I Electric End Uses and Technologies
End Use Technology
Cooling Central Chiller
Cooling Roof top AC
Cooling/Heating Heat Pump
Space Heating Electric Resistance
Space Heating Electric Furnace
Ventilation Ventilation
Water Heating Water Heater
Interior Lighting Screw-in
Interior Lighting High-Bay Fixtures
Interior Lighting Linear Fluorescent
Exterior Lighting Exterior Screw-in
Exterior Lighting HID
Refrigeration Walk-in Refrigerator
Refrigeration Reach-in Refrigerator
Refrigeration Glass Door Display
Refrigeration Open Display Case
Refrigeration Icemaker
Refrigeration Vending Machine
Food Preparation Oven
Food Preparation Fryer
Food Preparation Dishwasher
Food Preparation Hot Food Container
Office Equipment Desktop Computer
Office Equipment Laptop Computer
Office Equipment Server
Office Equipment Monitor
Office Equipment Printer/Copier/Fax
Office Equipment POS Terminal
Process Process Cooling/Refrigeration
Process Process Heating
Process Electrochemical Process
Machine Drive Less than 5 HP
Machine Drive 5 - 24 HP
Machine Drive 25 - 99 HP
Machine Drive 100 - 249 HP
Machine Drive 250 – 499 HP
Machine Drive 500 and more HP
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motors
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous
Miscellaneous Other Miscellaneous
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For the 2011 study, we performed a high-level market characterization of electricity sales in the
2009 base year to allocate sales to each customer segment. We used Avista billing data by rate
class as well as various secondary data sources to identify the annual sales in each customer
segment, as well as the market size for each segment. This information provided control totals at
a sector level for calibrating the LoadMAP model to known data for the base-year and was used
for this CPA update as well.
Market Profiles
The next step was to develop market profiles for each sector, customer segment, end use, and
technology. A market profile includes the following elements:
Market size is a representation of the number of customers in the segment. For the
residential sector, it is number of households. In the commercial and industrial sector, it is
floor space measured in square feet.
Saturations define the fraction of homes or C&I square feet with the various technologies.
(e.g., homes with electric space heating).
UEC (unit energy consumption) or EUI (energy-use index) describes the amount of
energy consumed in 2009 by a specific technology in buildings that have the technology.
UECs are expressed in kWh/household for the residential sector, while EUIs are expressed in
kWh/square foot for C&I.
Intensity for the residential sector represents the average energy use for the technology
across all homes in 2009. It is computed as the product of the saturation and the UEC and is
defined as kWh/household for electricity. For the commercial and industrial sectors, intensity,
computed as the product of the saturation and the EUI, represents the average use for the
technology across all floor space in 2009.
Usage is the annual energy use by an end use technology in the segment. It is the product
of the market size and intensity and is quantified in GWh. The market assessment results and
the market profiles are presented in Chapter 3.
Baseline Projection
The next step was to develop the baseline projection of annual electricity usage for 2009 through
2033 by customer segment and end use without new utility programs or naturally occurring
efficiency. The end-use projection does include the relatively certain impacts of codes and
standards that will unfold over the study timeframe. All such mandates that were defined as of
January 2012 are included in the baseline. The baseline projection is the foundation for the
analysis of savings from future conservation efforts as well as the metric against which potential
savings are measured.
Inputs to the baseline projection include:
Avista historic sales data and conservation program achievements for 2009 through 2012
Current economic growth forecasts (i.e., customer growth, income growth)
Electricity price forecasts
Trends in fuel shares and equipment saturations
Existing and approved changes to building codes and equipment standards
Conservation Measure Analysis
This section describes the framework used to assess the savings, costs, and other attributes of
conservation measures. These characteristics form the basis for measure-level cost-effectiveness
analyses as well as for determining measure-level savings. For all measures, EnerNOC assembled
information to reflect equipment performance, incremental costs, and equipment lifetimes. We
used this information, along with Avista’s avoided costs data, in the economic screen to
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determine economically feasible measures. Figure 2-3 outlines the framework for measure
analysis.
Figure 2-3 Approach for Measure Assessment

The framework for assessing savings, costs, and other attributes of conservation measures
involves identifying the list of conservation measures to include in the analysis, determining their
applicability to each market sector and segment, fully characterizing each measure, and
performing cost-effectiveness screening.
The first step of the conservation measure analysis was to identify the list of all relevant
conservation measures that should be considered for the Avista potential assessment. EnerNOC
prepared a preliminary list of measures that compared the list of measures included in Avista’s
previous CPA with those in its business plan, its technical reference manual, the Sixth Plan, the
RTF measure workbooks, and EnerNOC’s own measure database in order to reconcile the various
measure lists and provide the widest possible list of measures. This universal list of conservation
measures covers all major types of end-use equipment, as well as devices and actions to reduce
energy consumption. If considered today, some of these measures would not pass the economic
screens initially, but may pass in future years as a result of lower projected equipment costs or
higher avoided costs. After receiving feedback from Avista, we finalized the measures list.
The selected measures are categorized into two types according to the LoadMAP taxonomy:
equipment measures and non-equipment measures.
Equipment measures are efficient energy-consuming pieces of equipment that save energy
by providing the same service with a lower energy requirement than a standard unit. An
example is an ENERGY STAR refrigerator that replaces a standard efficiency refrigerator. For
equipment measures, many efficiency levels may be available for a given technology, ranging
Economic
screen
Measure characterization
Measure
descriptions
Energy
savings Costs
Lifetime Applicability
EnerNOC
universal
measure list
Building
simulations
EnerNOC measure
data library
NWPCC
Client measure data
library
(NWPCC, TRMs, evaluation reports,
etc.)
Avoided costs, discount rate,
delivery losses
Client review / feedback
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from the baseline unit (often determined by code or standard) up to the most efficient
product commercially available. For instance, in the case of central air conditioners, this list
begins with the current federal standard SEER 13 unit and spans a broad spectrum up to a
maximum efficiency of a SEER 21 unit.
Non-equipment measures save energy by reducing the need for delivered energy, but do
not involve replacement or purchase of major end-use equipment (such as a refrigerator or
air conditioner). An example would be a programmable thermostat that is pre-set to run
heating and cooling systems only when people are home. Non-equipment measures can
apply to more than one end use. For instance, addition of wall insulation will affect the
energy use of both space heating and cooling. Non-equipment measures typically fall into
one of the following categories:
Building shell (windows, insulation, roofing material)
Equipment controls (thermostat, energy management system)
Equipment maintenance (air conditioning and heat pump maintenance, changing
setpoints)
Whole-building design (building orientation, passive solar lighting)
Lighting retrofits (included as a non-equipment measure because retrofits are performed
prior to the equipment’s normal end of life)
Displacement measures (ceiling fan to reduce use of central air conditioners)
Commissioning and retrocommissioning
Table 2-4 summarizes the number of equipment and non-equipment measures evaluated for
each segment within each sector.
Table 2-4 Number of Measures Evaluated
Residential C&I
Total Number of
Measures
Equipment Measures Evaluated 1,536 1540 3,076
Non-Equipment Measures Evaluated 860 914 1,774
Total Measures Evaluated 2,396 2454 4,850

Once we assembled the list of conservation measures, the project team assessed their energy-
saving characteristics. For each measure we also characterized incremental cost, service life, and
other performance factors. Following the measure characterization, we performed an economic
screening of each measure, which serves as the basis for developing the economic and
achievable potential. The residential and C&I measures are listed and described in Appendix B
and Appendix C respectively.
Representative Measure Data Inputs
To provide an example of the measure data, Table 2-5 and Table 2-6 present examples of the
detailed data inputs behind both equipment and non-equipment measures, respectively, for the
case of heat pumps in single-family homes. Table 2-6 displays the various efficiency levels
available as equipment measures, as well as the corresponding useful life, energy usage, and
cost estimates. The columns labeled On Market and Off Market reflect equipment availability due
to codes and standards or the entry of new products to the market.

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Table 2-5 Example Equipment Measures for Air-Source Heat Pump – Single Family Home
Efficiency Level Useful Life Equipment
Cost
Energy
Usage(kWh/yr)
On
Market
Off
Market
SEER 13 15 $5,700 857 2009 2014
SEER 14 (Energy Star) 15 $5,767 771 2009 n/a
SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 15 $8,018 760 2009 n/a
SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 15 $9,205 737 2009 n/a

Table 2-6 lists some of the non-equipment measures applicable to space heating in an existing
single-family home. All measures are evaluated for cost-effectiveness based on the lifetime
benefits relative to the cost of the measure. The total savings and costs are calculated for each
year of the study and depend on the base year saturation of the measure, the applicability2 of
the measure, and the savings as a percentage of the relevant energy end uses.
Table 2-6 Example Non-Equipment Measures – Single Family Home, Existing
End Use Measure Saturation
in 20093 Applicability Lifetime
(yrs)
Measure
Installed
Cost
Energy
Savings (%)
Space
Heating Insulation - Ducting 15% 59% 18 $500 5%
Space
Heating Repair and Sealing - Ducting 12% 100% 20 $571 23%
Space
Heating
Thermostat -
Clock/Programmable 72% 75% 15 $249 6%
Space
Heating Doors - Storm and Thermal 38% 100% 12 $320 1%
Space
Heating
Insulation - Infiltration
Control 46% 100% 25 $306 9%
Space
Heating Insulation - Ceiling 76% 75% 25 $630 10%
Space
Heating Insulation - Radiant Barrier 5% 100% 12 $923 6%
Space
Heating
Windows - High
Efficiency/ENERGY STAR 78% 100% 25 $5,201 30%
Space
Heating Behavioral Measures 20% 50% 1 $12 1%

Screening Measures for Cost-Effectiveness
Only measures that are cost-effective are included in economic and achievable potential.
Therefore, for each individual measure, LoadMAP performs an economic screen. This study uses
the TRC test that compares the lifetime energy and peak demand benefits, as well as well as any
non-energy benefits included in the RTF measure database, with the measure’s incremental
installed cost, including material and labor. The lifetime benefits are calculated by multiplying the
annual energy and demand savings for each measure by all appropriate avoided costs for each
year, and discounting the dollar savings to the present value equivalent. The analysis uses each
measure’s values for savings, costs, and lifetimes that were developed as part of the measure

2 The applicability factors take into account whether the measure is applicable to a particular building type and whether it is feasible to
install the measure. For instance, attic fans are not applicable to homes where there is insufficient space in the attic or there is no attic at all. 3 Note that saturation levels reflected for the base year change over time as more measures are adopted.
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characterization process described above. The analysis also accounts for transmission and
distribution losses, and for program administration costs.
The LoadMAP model performs this screening dynamically, taking into account changing savings
and cost data over time. Thus, some measures pass the economic screen for some — but not all
— of the years in the study period.
It is important to note the following about the economic screen:
The economic evaluation of every measure in the screen is conducted relative to a baseline
condition. For instance, in order to determine the kilowatt-hour (kWh) savings potential of a
measure, kWh consumption with the measure applied must be compared to the kWh
consumption of a baseline condition.
The economic screening was conducted only for measures that are applicable to each
building type and vintage; thus if a measure is deemed to be irrelevant to a particular
building type and vintage, it is excluded from the respective economic screen.
If the measure passes the screen (has a B/C ratio greater than or equal to 1), the measure is
included in economic potential. Otherwise, it is screened out for that year. If multiple equipment
measures have B/C ratios greater than or equal to 1.0, the most efficient technology is selected
by the economic screen. Table 2-7 shows the results of the economic screen for selected
measures, indicating how the economic unit for a given technology may vary over time. For
example, CFLs are initially the economical unit for interior screw-in lighting, but as the price of
LEDs decreases, they become the economical unit for single family homes starting in 2017. For
exterior lighting, due to longer hours of operation, LEDs are cost-effective starting in 2015.
Table 2-7 Economic Screen Results for Selected Single Family Equipment Measures
Technology 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Interior Screw-in Lighting CFL CFL CFL LED LED LED
Exterior Screw-in Lighting CFL LED LED LED LED LED

Conservation Potential
The approach we used for this study adheres to the approaches and conventions outlined in the
National Action Plan for Energy-Efficiency (NAPEE) Guide for Conducting Potential Studies
(November 2007).4 The NAPEE Guide represents the most credible and comprehensive industry
practice for specifying energy-efficiency potential. As described in Chapter 1, three types of
potentials were developed as part of this effort: Technical potential, Economic potential, and
Achievable potential.
Technical potential is a theoretical construct that assumes the highest efficiency measures
that are technically feasible to install are adopted by customers, regardless of cost or
customer preferences. Thus, determining the technical potential is relatively straightforward.
LoadMAP selects the most efficient equipment options for each technology at the time of
equipment replacement. In addition, it installs all relevant non-equipment measures for each
technology to calculate savings. For example, for a central heat pump, as shown in Table 2-
5, the most efficient option is a SEER 16 system. The multiple non-equipment measures
shown in Table 2-6 are then applied to the energy used by the ductless mini-split system to
further reduce space conditioning energy use. LoadMAP applies the savings due to the non-
equipment measures one-by-one to avoid double counting of savings. The measures are
evaluated in order of their B/C ratio, with the measure with the highest B/C ratio applied

4 National Action Plan for Energy Efficiency (2007). National Action Plan for Energy Efficiency Vision for 2025: Developing a Framework
for Change. www.epa.gov/eeactionplan.
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first. Each time a measure is applied, the baseline energy use for the end use is reduced and
the percentage savings for the next measure is applied to the revised (lower) usage.
Economic potential results from the purchase of the most efficient cost-effective option
available for a given equipment or non-equipment measure as determined in the cost-
effectiveness screening process described above. As with technical potential, economic
potential is a phased-in approach. Economic potential is still a hypothetical upper-boundary
of savings potential as it represents only measures that are economic but does not yet
consider customer acceptance and other factors.
Achievable potential defines the range of savings that is very likely to occur. It accounts
for customers’ awareness of efficiency options, any barriers to customer adoption, limits to
program design, and other factors that influence the rate at which conservation measures
penetrate the market.
The calculation of technical and economic potential is straightforward as described above. To
develop estimates for achievable potential, we specify market adoption rates for each measure
and each year. For Avista, the project team began with the ramp rates specified in the Sixth Plan
conservation workbooks, but modified these to match Avista program history and service
territory specifics. For specific measures, we examined historic program results for the four-year
period of 2009 through 2012. We then adjusted the 2009–2013 market acceptance rates so that
the achievable potential for these measures aligned with the historical results. This provided a
starting point for the ramp rates in 2014. For future years, we increased the potential factors to
model increasing market acceptance and program improvements. For measures not currently
included in Avista programs, we relied upon the Sixth Plan ramp rates and recent EnerNOC
potential studies to create market adoption rates. The market adoption rates for each measure
appear in Appendix D.
Results of all the potentials analysis are presented in Chapter 4.
Data Development
This section details the data sources used in this study, followed by a discussion of how these
sources were applied. In general, data were adapted to local conditions, for example, by using
local sources for measure data and local weather for building simulations.
Data Sources
The data sources are organized into the following categories:
Avista data
NPCC and RTF data
EnerNOC’s databases and analysis tools
Other secondary data and reports
Avista Data
Our highest priority data sources for this study were those that were specific to Avista.
Avista customer data: Avista provided number of customers and total electric usage by
sector from the customer billing database.
Avista Business Plan and program implementation and evaluation data: Data that
outlines the details of conservation programs, program goals, and achievements to date.
Avista Technical Resources Manual: provides collection of UES for prescriptive programs
delivered by Avista as informed by its most recent impact evaluation efforts.
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Northwest Power and Conservation Council Data
Northwest Power and Conservation Council Sixth Plan Conservation Supply Curve
Workbooks, 2010. To develop its Power Plan, the Council used workbooks with detailed
information about measures, available at
http://www.nwcouncil.org/energy/powerplan/6/supplycurves/default.htm .
Regional Technical Forum Deemed Measures. The NWPCC Regional Technical Forum
maintains databases of deemed measure savings data, available at
http://www.nwcouncil.org/energy/rtf/measures/Default.asp .
Regional Technical Forum Residential SEEM modeling results
http://rtf.nwcouncil.org/measures/support/Default.asp
EnerNOC Databases, Analysis Tools, and Reports
EnerNOC maintains several databases and modeling tools that we use for forecasting and
potential studies.
EnerNOC Energy Market Profiles: For more than 10 years, EnerNOC staff have
maintained profiles of end-use consumption for the residential, commercial, and industrial
sectors. These profiles include market size, fuel shares, unit consumption estimates, and
annual energy use by fuel (electricity and natural gas), customer segment and end use for 10
regions in the U.S. The Energy Information Administration surveys (RECS, CBECS and MECS)
as well as state-level statistics and local customer research provide the foundation for these
regional profiles.
Building Energy Simulation Tool (BEST). EnerNOC’s BEST is a derivative of the DOE 2.2
building simulation model, used to estimate base-year UECs and EUIs, as well as measure
savings for the HVAC-related measures.
EnerNOC’s EnergyShape™: This database of load shapes includes the following:
Residential – electric load shapes for 10 regions, 3 housing types, 13 end uses; Commercial –
electric load shapes for 9 regions, 54 building types, 10 end uses; Industrial – electric load
shapes, whole facility only, 19 2-digit SIC codes, as well as various 3-digit and 4-digit SIC
codes
EnerNOC’s Database of Energy Efficiency Measures (DEEM): EnerNOC maintains an
extensive database of measure data for our studies. Our database draws upon reliable
sources including the California Database for Energy Efficient Resources (DEER), the EIA
Technology Forecast Updates – Residential and Commercial Building Technologies –
Reference Case, RS Means cost data, and Grainger Catalog Cost data.
Recent studies. EnerNOC has conducted numerous studies of conservation potential in the
last five years. We checked our input assumptions and analysis results against the results
from these other studies, which include Idaho Power, and Seattle City Light. In addition, we
used the information about impacts of building codes and appliance standards from a recent
report for the Institute for Energy Efficiency.5
Other Secondary Data and Reports
Finally, a variety of secondary data sources and reports were used for this study. The main
sources are identified below.
Residential Building Stock Assessment: NEEA’s 2011 Residential Building Stock
Assessment (RBSA) provides results of a regional study of 1,404 homes, of which 27 are
located within Avista’s service territory. Due to the relatively low number of customers, 27,
within Avista’s service territory, we used the results for 113 homes in eastern Washington

5 ―Assessment of Electricity Savings in the U.S. Achievable through New Appliance/Equipment Efficiency Standards and Building
Efficiency Codes (2010 – 2025).‖ Global Energy Partners, LLC for the Institute for Electric Efficiency, May 2011.
http://www.edisonfoundation.net/iee/reports/IEE_CodesandStandardsAssessment_2010-2025_UPDATE.pdf
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and 52 homes in northern Idaho as proxies for Avista’s Washington and Idaho service
territories respectively. This information allowed us to update the single family home market
profiles from the 2011 CPA. At the time of the 2013 CPA, the RBSA results for mobile and
multifamily homes had not yet been released.
http://neea.org/docs/reports/residential-building-stock-assessment-single-family-
characteristics-and-energy-use.pdf?sfvrsn=6
Commercial Building Stock Assessment: NEEA’s Commercial Building Stock Assessment
(CBSA) provides data on regional commercial buildings. As of the most recent update in
2009, the database contains site-specific information for 2,061 buildings.
http://neea.org/resource-center/regional-data-resources/commercial-building-stock-
assessment
American Community Survey: The US Census American Community Survey is an ongoing
survey that provides data every year on household characteristics.
http://www.census.gov/acs/www/
Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS).
http://www.eia.gov/consumption/residential/data/2009/
Annual Energy Outlook. The Annual Energy Outlook (AEO), conducted each year by the
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), presents yearly projections and analysis of
energy topics. For this study, we used data from the 2011 AEO.
California Statewide Surveys. The Residential Appliance Saturation Survey (RASS) and
the Commercial End Use Survey (CEUS) are comprehensive market research studies
conducted by the California Energy Commission. These databases provide a wealth of
information on appliance use in homes and businesses. RASS is based on information from
almost 25,000 homes and CEUS is based on information from a stratified random sample of
almost 3,000 businesses in California.
Electric Power Research Institute – Assessment of Achievable Potential from
Energy Efficiency and Demand Response Programs in the U.S., also known as the
EPRI National Potential Study (2009). In 2009, EPRI hired EnerNOC to conduct an
assessment of the national potential for energy efficiency, with estimates derived for the four
DOE regions.
EPRI End-Use Models (REEPS and COMMEND). These models provide the elasticities we
apply to electricity prices, household income, home size and heating and cooling.
Database for Energy Efficient Resources (DEER). The California Energy Commission
and California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) sponsor this database, which is designed to
provide well-documented estimates of energy and peak demand savings values, measure
costs, and effective useful life (EUL) for the state of California. We used the DEER database
to cross check the measure savings we developed using BEST and DEEM.
Northwest Power and Conservation Council Sixth Plan workbooks. To develop its
Power Plan, the Council maintains workbooks with detailed information about measures.
Other relevant regional sources. These include reports from the Consortium for Energy
Efficiency, the EPA, and the American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy.
Data Application
We now discuss how the data sources described above were used for each step of the study.
Data Application for Market Characterization
To construct the high-level market characterization of electricity use and households/floor space
for the residential, commercial, and industrial sectors, we applied the following data sources:
Avista internal data, RECS 2009 and the American Community Survey to allocate residential
customers by housing type
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Data Application for Market Profiles
The specific data elements for the market profiles, together with the key data sources, are
shown in Table 2-8. This CPA update began with the market profiles previously developed for the
2011 CPA, but we incorporated new residential sector data from the RBSA as described above.
The C&I market profiles were largely unchanged because no significant additional data was
available regarding Avista’s C&I customers.
To develop the market profiles for each segment, we used the following approach:
1. Developed control totals for each segment. These include market size, segment-level annual
electricity use, and annual intensity.
2. Used NEEA reports including the recently released RBSA Single Family report, the Inland
Power & Light survey of its residential customers, and RECS to provide information about
market size for customer segments, appliance and equipment saturations, appliance and
equipment characteristics, UECs, building characteristics, customer behavior, operating
characteristics, and energy-efficiency actions already taken.
3. Incorporated secondary data sources to supplement and corroborate the data from items 1
and 2 above.
4. Compared and cross-checked with regional data obtained as part of the EPRI National
Potential Study and with the Energy Market Profiles Database.
5. Ensured calibration to control totals for annual electricity sales in each sector and segment.
6. Worked with Avista staff to vet the data against their knowledge and experience.
Table 2-8 Data Applied for the Market Profiles
Model Inputs Description Key Sources
Market size Base-year residential dwellings and C&I
floor space
Avista billing data, NEEA Reports, NPCC
data
Annual intensity
Residential: Annual energy use
(kWh/household)
C&I: Annual energy use
Energy Market Profiles , NEEA reports,
AEO, Inland Power & Light 2009
Conservation Potential Assessment,
previous studies
Appliance/equipment
saturations
Fraction of dwellings with an
appliance/technology;

Percentage of C&I floor space with
equipment/technology
NEAA reports, Inland Power & Light
residential saturation survey, RECS, and
other secondary data
UEC/EUI for each end-
use technology
UEC: Annual electricity use for a
technology in dwellings that have the
technology

EUI: Annual electricity use per square
foot/employee for a technology in floor
space that has the technology
NEAA reports, RASS, CEUS, engineering
analysis, prototype simulations,
engineering analysis
Appliance/equipment
vintage distribution Age distribution for each technology NEEA reports, RASS, CEUS, secondary
data (DEEM, EIA, EPRI, DEER, etc.)
Efficiency options for
each technology
List of available efficiency options and
annual energy use for each technology
Prototype simulations, engineering
analysis, appliance/equipment
standards, secondary data (DEEM, EIA,
EPRI, DEER, etc.)
Peak factors Share of technology energy use that
occurs during the peak hour
Avista data; EnerNOC’s EnergyShape
database
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Data Application for Baseline Projection
Table 2-9 summarizes the LoadMAP model inputs requirements. These inputs are required for each
segment within each sector, as well as for new construction and existing dwellings/buildings.
Table 2-9 Data Needs for the Baseline Projection and Potentials Estimation in LoadMAP
Model Inputs Description Key Sources
Customer growth forecasts Forecasts of new construction in
residential and C&I sectors
AEO 2011 growth forecast
US BLS
Equipment purchase shares for
baseline projection
For each equipment/technology,
purchase shares for each efficiency
level; specified separately for
existing equipment replacement
and new construction
Shipments data from AEO
AEO 2011 regional forecast
assumptions6
Appliance/efficiency standards
analysis
Avista program results and
evaluation reports
Electricity prices
Forecast of average energy and
capacity avoided costs and retail
prices
Avista projections
AEO 2011
Utilization model parameters Price elasticities, elasticities for
other variables (income, weather)
EPRI’s REEPS and COMMEND
models
AEO 2011
Avista’s historical data for normal
cooling & heating degree days.

In addition, we implemented assumptions for known future equipment standards as of January,
2012, as shown in the tables below.

6 We developed baseline purchase decisions using the Energy Information Agency’s Annual Energy Outlook report (2011), which utilizes
the National Energy Modeling System (NEMS) to produce a self-consistent supply and demand economic model. We calibrated
equipment purchase options to match manufacturer shipment data for recent years and then held values constant for the study period.
This removes any effects of naturally occurring conservation or effects of future DSM programs that may be embedded in the AEO
forecasts.
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Table 2-10 Residential Electric Equipment Standards Applicable to Avista

Today's Efficiency or Standard Assumption 1st Standard (relative to today's standard)
2nd Standard (relative to today's standard)
End Use Technology 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Central AC
Room AC
Cooling/Heating Heat Pump
Water Heater (<=55 gallons)
Water Heater (>55 gallons)
Screw-in/Pin Lamps
Linear Fluorescent
Refrigerator/2nd Refrigerator
Freezer
Dishwasher
Clothes Washer
Clothes Dryer
Range/Oven
Microwave
Cooling
SEER 13 SEER 14
EER 9.8 EER 11.0
SEER 13.0/HSPF 7.7 SEER 14.0/HSPF 8.0
Water Heating
EF 0.90 EF 0.95
EF 0.90 Heat Pump Water Heater
Appliances
NAECA Standard 25% more efficient
NAECA Standard 25% more efficient
Conventional
Conventional
Conventional (355
kWh/yr)14% more efficient (307 kWh/yr)
Conventional (MEF 1.26 for top loader)MEF 1.72 for top loader MEF 2.0 for top loader
Conventional (EF 3.01)5% more efficient (EF 3.17)
Lighting
Incandescent Advanced Incandescent - tier 1 Advanced Incandescent - tier 2
T8
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Table 2-11 Commercial Electric Equipment Standards Applicable to Avista

Today's Efficiency or Standard Assumption 1st Standard (relative to today's standard)
2nd Standard (relative to today's standard)
End Use Technology 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Chillers
Roof Top Units
Packaged Terminal AC/HP EER 9.8
Screw-in/Pin Lamps
Linear Fluorescent T12
High Intensity Discharge
Walk-in Refrigerator/Freezer
Reach-in Refrigerator
Glass Door Display EPACT 2005
Standard
Open Display Case EPACT 2005
Standard
Vending Machines EPACT 2005
Standard
Icemaker
Non-HVAC Motors
Commercial Laundry
Cooling
2007 ASHRAE 90.1
EER 11.0/11.2
EER 11.0
Lighting
Incandescent Advanced Incandescent - tier 1 Advanced Incandescent - tier 2
T8
Metal Halide
Refrigeration
EISA 2007 Standard
EPACT 2005 Standard
42% more efficient
18% more efficient
33% more efficient
2010 Standard
Miscellaneous 62.3% Efficiency 70% Efficiency
MEF 1.26 MEF 1.6
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Table 2-12 Industrial Electric Equipment Standards Applicable to Avista

Today's Efficiency or Standard Assumption 1st Standard (relative to today's standard)
2nd Standard (relative to today's standard)
End Use Technology 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Chillers
Roof Top Units
Packaged Terminal AC/HP EER 9.8
Screw-in/Pin Lamps
Linear Fluorescent T12
High Intensity Discharge
Less than 5 HP
5-24 HP
25-99 HP
100-249 HP
250-499 HP
500 or more HP
Cooling
2007 ASHRAE 90.1
EER 11.0/11.2
EER 11.0
Lighting
Incandescent Advanced Incandescent - tier 1 Advanced Incandescent - tier 2
T8
Metal Halide
Machine Drive
62.3% Efficiency 70% Efficiency
EISA 2007 Standards
EISA 2007 Standards
EISA 2007 Standards
EISA 2007 Standards
EISA 2007 Standards
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Conservation Measure Data Application
Table 2-13 details the data sources used for measure characterization.
Table 2-13 Data Needs for the Measure Characteristics in LoadMAP
Model Inputs Description Key Sources
Energy Impacts
The annual reduction in consumption attributable
to each specific measure. Savings were developed
as a percentage of the energy end use that the
measure affects.
Avista program results and
evaluation reports
BEST
DEEM
DEER
NPCC workbooks
Other secondary sources
Peak Demand Impacts
Savings during the peak demand periods are
specified for each electric measure. These impacts
relate to the energy savings and depend on the
extent to which each measure is coincident with
the system peak.
Avista program results and
evaluation reports
BEST
EnergyShape
Costs
Equipment Measures: Includes the full cost of
purchasing and installing the equipment on a per-
household, per-square-foot, or per employee basis
for the residential, commercial, and industrial
sectors, respectively.
Non-equipment measures: Existing buildings – full
installed cost. New Construction - the costs may be
either the full cost of the measure, or as
appropriate, it may be the incremental cost of
upgrading from a standard level to a higher
efficiency level.
Avista program results and
evaluation reports
DEEM
DEER
NPCC workbooks
RS Means
Other secondary sources
Measure Lifetimes
Estimates derived from the technical data and
secondary data sources that support the measure
demand and energy savings analysis.
Avista program results and
evaluation reports
DEEM
DEER
NPCC workbooks
Other secondary sources
Applicability
Estimate of the percentage of either dwellings in
the residential sector or square feet/employment
in the C&I sector where the measure is applicable
and where it is technically feasible to implement.
DEEM
DEER
NPCC workbooks
Other secondary sources
On Market and Off
Market Availability
Expressed as years for equipment measures to
reflect when the equipment technology is available
or no longer available in the market.
EnerNOC appliance
standards and building codes
analysis
Data Application for Cost-effectiveness Screening
To perform the cost-effectiveness screening, the following information was needed:
Preliminary avoided cost of energy and capacity provided by Avista and based on 2013 IRP
planning assumptions, shown in Figure 2-4; note that Avista does not expect to incur any
avoided cost for capacity until 2019.
Line losses of 6.12%, provided by Avista
Discount rate of 4%, provided by Avista (real)
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Program administration costs. Program administration costs can typically vary between 5 –
50% of total program costs. For this study, we used values of 30% that were provided by
Avista, based on its program history.
Figure 2-4 Avoided Costs

Achievable Potential Estimation
To estimate potentials, two sets of parameters were required.
Adoption rates for non-equipment measures. Equipment is assumed to be replaced at
the end of its useful life, but for non-equipment measures, a set of factors is required to
model the gradual implementation over time. Rather than installing all non-equipment
measures in the first year of the forecast (instantaneous potential), they are phased in
according to adoption schedules that vary based on equipment cost and measure complexity.
The adoption rates for the Avista study were based on ramp rate curves specified in the
NPCC Sixth Power Plan, but modified to reflect Avista’s program history. These adoption
rates are used within LoadMAP to generate the technical and economic potentials.
Market acceptance rates (MARs). These factors are applied to Economic potential to
estimate Achievable potential. These rates were developed by beginning with the Northwest
Power and Conservation Council ramp rates but then adjusting those rates to reflect Avista’s
DSM program history.
Ramp rates and MARs are discussed in Appendix D.

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EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting 3-1
CHAPTER 3
MARKET CHARACTERIZATION AND MARKET PROFILES
Avista Utilities, headquartered in Spokane, Washington, is an investor-owned utility with annual
revenues of more than $1.6 billion. Avista provides electric and natural gas service to about
680,000 customers in a service territory of more than 30,000 square miles. Avista uses a mix of
hydro, natural gas, coal and biomass generation. Avista currently operates a portfolio of electric
and natural gas conservation programs in Washington, Idaho, and Oregon for residential, low
income, and non-residential customers that is funded by a non-bypassable systems benefits
charge. This study addresses electricity conservation potential in Washington and Idaho only.
This chapter characterizes the electricity use patterns of Avista’s customers .
Energy Use Summary
Table 3-1 and Table 3-2 provide 2009 customer counts and weather-normalized electricity use by
sector for Washington and Idaho, respectively. For this study, the NPCC Sixth Plan calculator to
estimate conservation potential for pumping. Results of that calculation appear in Chapter 4.
Potential for rate class 25P was also estimated outside of the LoadMAP framework, and thus 25P
sales are not included in Table 3-2.
Table 3-1 Electricity Sales and Peak Demand by Rate Class, Washington 2009
Sector / Rate Class Rate Schedule(s)
Number of
meters
(customers)
2009 Electricity
Sales (GWh)
2009 Peak
Demand (MW)
Residential 001 200,134 2,452 710
General Service 011, 012 27,142 416 64
Large General Service 021, 022 3,352 1,557 232
Extra Large Commercial 025C 9 266 134 Extra Large Industrial 025I 13 614
Pumping 031, 032 2,361 136 10
Total 233,011 5,440 1,150
Table 3-2 Electricity Sales and Peak Demand by Rate Class, Idaho 2009
Sector / Rate Class Rate Schedule(s) Number of meters
(customers)
2009 Electricity
Sales (MWh)
2009 Peak
Demand (MW)
Residential 001 99,580 1,182 283
General Service 011, 012 19,245 323 61
Large General Service 021, 022 1,456 700 115
Extra Large Commercial 025C 3 70 140 Extra Large Industrial 025I 6 196
Pumping 031, 032 1,312 59 4
Total 121,602 2,530 603
Note: Excludes sales to rate class 25P.
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After excluding pumping and 25 P, the distribution among the sectors in Washington and Idaho
is similar, with the largest sector, residential, accounting for 46% of Washington sales and 48%
of Idaho sales as shown in Figure 3-1 and Figure 3-2.
Figure 3-1 Electricity Sales by Rate Class, 2009

Figure 3-2 Electricity Sales by Rate Class, Idaho 2009

Note: Excludes sales to rate class 25P.

Residential
46%
General Service
8%
Large General
Service
29%
Extra Large
Commercial
5%Extra Large
Industrial
12%
Residential
48%
General
Service
13%
Large General
Service
28%
Extra Large
Commercial
3%
Extra Large Industrial
8%
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Residential Sector
The total number of households and electric sales for the service territory were obtained from
Avista’s financial reporting database. In 2009, there were 200,134 households in Washington and
99,580 in Idaho. We allocated these totals into the four residential segments for each segment
based on housing type and level of income: Single family, multi family, mobile home, and low
income. The single family segment includes single-family detached homes, townhouses, and
duplexes or row houses. The multi family segment includes apartments or condos in buildings
with more than two units. The mobile homes segment includes mobile homes and other
manufactured housing. The low income segment is composed of all three of the housing types:
single-family homes, multi-family homes, and mobile homes.
Table 3-3 shows how customers were allocated to segments. Because Avista does not maintain
information on housing type or income level, we relied on a variety of survey and demographic
sources for segmenting the residential market, including the U.S. Census American Community
Survey 2006-2008, and a 2009 Inland Power customer survey. Avista defines the low-income
category as those customers with annual income less than or equal to two times the poverty
level. For an average household size of 2.5 persons, two times the poverty level is $32,880. For
the purpose of our analysis, we used a slightly higher income level cutoff of $35,000 to define
this segment, which allowed us to take advantage of the data sources listed above.
Table 3-3 Residential Sector Allocation by Segments, 2009

Washington Idaho
Segment Allocation of
Customers % of Total Allocation of
Customers % of Total
Single Family 109,134 54% 59,205 59%
Multi Family 18,219 9% 5,237 5%
Mobile Home 5,248 3% 4,774 5%
Low Income 67,533 34% 30,363 31%
Total 200,134 100% 99,580 100%

Next, to determine the residential whole building energy intensity (kWh/household) by segment,
we drew upon data from the Energy Information Agency, the NEEA 2012 RBSA, previous NEEA
residential reports, and the Inland Power & Light 2009 Conservation Potential Assessment. Based
on these sources, we developed the segment level energy intensities shown in Table 3-4. The
selected energy intensity values multiplied by the number of households equal the annual sales
for each segment. These values sum to the total annual energy use for the residential sector in
each state. The single-family segment used roughly two-thirds of the total 2009 residential
sector electricity sales.

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Table 3-4 Residential Electricity Usage and Intensity by Segment and State, 2009
Washington
Segment
No. of
Households
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
% of
Customers
2009 Electricity
Use (GWh) % of Sales
Single Family 109,134 14,547 54% 1,588 65%
Multi Family 18,219 8,728 9% 159 6%
Mobile Home 5,248 13,092 3% 69 3%
Low Income 67,533 9,424 34% 636 26%
Total 200,134 12,250 100% 2,452 100%
Idaho
Segment
No. of
Households
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
% of
Customers
2009 Electricity
Use (GWh)
% of Sales
Single Family 59,205 13,703 59% 811 69%
Multi Family 5,237 8,213 5% 43 4%
Mobile Home 4,774 12,320 5% 59 5%
Low Income 30,363 8,868 31% 269 23%
Total 99,580 11,874 100% 1,182 100%

As we describe in the previous chapter, the market profiles provide the foundation upon which
we develop the baseline projection. For each segment, we created a market profile, which
includes the following elements:
Market size represents the number of customers in the segment
Saturations embody the fraction of homes with the electric technologies. (e.g., homes with
electric space heating). We developed these using a combination of data from sources
including Avista TRM and Business Plan data, NEEA’s RBSA and other NEEA reports, Inland
Power & Light, NPCC, and AEO data.
UEC (unit energy consumption) describes the amount of electricity consumed in 2009 by a
specific technology in homes that have the technology (in kWh/household). As above, we
used data from Avista, NEEA, Inland Power & Light, NPCC, and AEO. We also used data from
various utility potential studies that EnerNOC has recently completed. As needed, minor
adjustments were made to calibrate to whole-building intensities.
Intensity represents the average use for the technology across all homes in 2009. It is
computed as the product of the saturation and the UEC and is defined as kWh/household.
Usage is the annual electricity use by a technology/end use in the segment. It is the product
of the number of households and intensity and is quantified in GWh.
Table 3-5 and Table 3-6 present the average existing home market profile for all residential
segments in Washington and Idaho combined. The existing-home profile represents all the
housing stock in 2009. Market profiles for each of the residential segments in Washington and
Idaho appear in Appendix A.
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Table 3-5 Average Residential Sector Market Profile, Washington

UEC Intensity Usage
(kWh)(kWh/HH)(GWh)
Cooling Central AC 28.6%1,150 330 66
Cooling Room AC 20.7%360 75 15
Cooling Air Source Heat Pump 16.3%735 120 24
Cooling Geothermal Heat Pump 0.2%730 2 0
Space Heating Electric Resistance 20.4%6,624 1,350 270
Space Heating Electric Furnace 10.7%9,173 980 196
Space Heating Air Source Heat Pump 16.3%7,498 1,222 245
Space Heating Geothermal Heat Pump 0.2%4,833 11 2
Space Heating Supplemental 7.8%260 20 4
Water Heating Water Heater <= 55 Gal 66.3%3,074 2,038 408
Water Heating Water Heater > 55 Gal 3.1%4,552 140 28
Interior Lighting Screw-in 100.0%1,060 1,060 212
Interior Lighting Linear Fluorescent 100.0%107 107 21
Interior Lighting Specialty 100.0%275 275 55
Exterior Lighting Screw-in 100.0%254 254 51
Appliances Clothes Washer 82.7%114 94 19
Appliances Clothes Dryer 78.8%493 389 78
Appliances Dishwasher 85.6%386 330 66
Appliances Refrigerator 100.0%694 694 139
Appliances Freezer 56.1%774 434 87
Appliances Second Refrigerator 25.9%977 253 51
Appliances Stove 87.7%386 338 68
Appliances Microwave 95.6%114 109 22
Electronics Personal Computers 119.0%205 244 49
Electronics TVs 204.4%221 452 90
Electronics Set-top Boxes/DVR 155.2%128 198 40
Electronics Devices and Gadgets 100.0%55 55 11
Miscellaneous Pool Pump 3.6%1,415 52 10
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan 43.7%577 252 50
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous 100.0%373 373 75
12,250 2,452
End Use Technology
Average Market Profiles - Washington
Total
Saturation
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Table 3-6 Average Residential Sector Market Profile, Idaho

Table 3-7 and Figure 3-3 present the end-use shares of electricity use by housing type. Space
heating is the largest single use in all housing types, accounting for 29% of residential use
overall. In the single family, mobile home, and low income segments, appliances are the second
largest energy consumer, followed by water heating and then interior lighting. In the case of
multi-family housing, water heating is the second largest end use while appliances are the third
largest end use, due to a high saturation of electric water heating compared with the other
segments. Across all housing types, interior and exterior lighting combined represents 14% of
electricity use in 2009. The electronics end use, which includes personal computers, televisions,
home audio, video game consoles, etc., is 8% of residential electricity usage across all housing
types. The miscellaneous end use includes such devices as furnace fans, pool pumps, and other
plug loads (hair dryers, power tools, coffee makers, etc.).
UEC Intensity Usage
(kWh)(kWh/HH)(GWh)
Cooling Central AC 22.0%945 207 21
Cooling Room AC 19.7%297 58 6
Cooling Air Source Heat Pump 12.9%609 79 8
Cooling Geothermal Heat Pump 0.7%657 5 0
Space Heating Electric Resistance 20.8%7,481 1,556 155
Space Heating Electric Furnace 9.7%8,401 815 81
Space Heating Air Source Heat Pump 12.9%7,415 959 95
Space Heating Geothermal Heat Pump 0.7%5,075 35 3
Space Heating Supplemental 7.5%258 19 2
Water Heating Water Heater <= 55 Gal 60.8%3,127 1,901 189
Water Heating Water Heater > 55 Gal 3.4%4,779 160 16
Interior Lighting Screw-in 100.0%1,109 1,109 110
Interior Lighting Linear Fluorescent 100.0%111 111 11
Interior Lighting Specialty 100.0%293 293 29
Exterior Lighting Screw-in 100.0%280 280 28
Appliances Clothes Washer 85.8%113 97 10
Appliances Clothes Dryer 81.9%490 402 40
Appliances Dishwasher 87.0%384 334 33
Appliances Refrigerator 100.0%690 690 69
Appliances Freezer 57.8%768 444 44
Appliances Second Refrigerator 23.0%954 219 22
Appliances Stove 80.9%379 306 31
Appliances Microwave 96.0%114 109 11
Electronics Personal Computers 122.5%204 250 25
Electronics TVs 207.5%219 454 45
Electronics Set-top Boxes/DVR 146.1%125 182 18
Electronics Devices and Gadgets 100.0%54 54 5
Miscellaneous Pool Pump 5.1%1,422 73 7
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan 44.0%593 261 26
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous 100.0%410 410 41
11,874 1,182
Average Market Profiles - Idaho
Total
SaturationEnd Use Technology
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Table 3-7 Residential Electricity Use by End Use and Segment (kWh/HH/year, 2009)
End Use Single Family Multi Family Mobile Home Low Income Total
Residential
Cooling 652 112 259 256 467
Space Heating 3,739 3,312 5,224 3,009 3,517
Water Heating 2,341 1,628 1,928 1,937 2,139
Interior Lighting 1,810 1,002 1,351 998 1,466
Exterior Lighting 370 21 276 135 263
Appliances 3,163 1,540 2,197 2,013 2,628
Electronics 1,163 726 887 630 945
Miscellaneous 1,013 271 602 272 699
Total 14,250 8,613 12,724 9,251 12,125

Figure 3-3 Percentage of Residential Electricity Use by End Use and Segment (2009)

Figure 3-4 presents the end-use breakout in terms of intensity, kWh/household-year, by segment
for both states combined.
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Single Family Multi Family Mobile Home Low Income All Homes
%
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Cooling
Heating
Water Heating
Interior Lighting
Exterior Lighting
Appliances
Electronics
Miscellaneous
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Figure 3-4 Residential Intensity by End Use and Segment (kWh/household, 2009)

C&I Sector
The approach we used for the C&I sectors is analogous to the residential sector. It begins with
segmentation, then defines market size and annual electricity use, and concludes with market
profiles.
We developed the nonresidential energy use by segment using Avista 2009 billing data by rate
class. Table 3-7 and Table 3-8 present the results for the market characterization for Washington
and Idaho respectively. Although the General Service 011 and Large General Service 021 rate
classes include a small percentage of industrial customers, we chose to model these as primarily
commercial building types. For the General Service segment, we assumed facilities were small to
medium buildings, dominated by retail facilities. For the Large General Service segment, we
assumed the typical facility was an office building. When developing the market profiles, as
further described below, we began with these assumed prototypical building types, but adjusted
them to account for the diversity in each segment. For the Extra Large General Service rate class
025, we divided customers into separate commercial and industrial segments. This grouping
enabled better modeling of the industrial customers. Note that potential for Idaho rate class
025P was determined outside of the LoadMAP modeling framework because it was more
appropriate to treat this one large customer separately as opposed to modeling it as a generic
C&I customer.
Figure 3-5 shows the relative energy use of each segment as a percentage of C&I sector energy
sales.
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
Single Family Multi Family Mobile Home Low Income All Homes
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Cooling
Heating
Water Heating
Interior Lighting
Exterior Lighting
Appliances
Electronics
Miscellaneous
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Table 3-8 Commercial and Industrial Sector Market Characterization Results, Washington
2009
Segment Electricity Use
(GWh)
Intensity
(kWh/SqFt)
Floor Space
(million SqFt)
Small/Medium Commercial 416 18 24
Large Commercial 1,557 17 93
Extra Large Commercial 266 14 19
Extra Large Industrial 614 40 15
Total 2,852 19 151
Table 3-9 Commercial and Industrial Sector Market Characterization Results, Idaho 2009
Segment Electricity Use
(GWh)
Intensity
(kWh/SqFt)
Floor Space
(million SqFt)
Small/Medium Commercial 323 18 18
Large Commercial 700 17 42
Extra Large Commercial 70 14 5
Extra Large Industrial 196 40 5
Total 1,289 18 70
Note: Excludes sales to rate class 25P.
Figure 3-5 Commercial and Industrial Electricity Consumption by Segment 2009

We used data from NEEA reports including the 2009 CBSA, the California Commercial End Use
Study (CEUS), and recently completed EnerNOC studies to estimate floor space and annual
intensities (in kWh/square foot) for each segment. Because of the heterogeneous nature of the
Small/Medium
Commercial
18%
Large
Commercial
54%
Extra Large
Commercial
8%
Extra Large
Industrial
20%
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C&I sectors and the wide variation in customer size (compared to residential homes), floor space
is used as the unit of measure to quantify energy use and equipment inventories on a per-
square-foot basis. Note that we are not concerned with absolute square footage, as the purpose
of this study is not to estimate C&I floor space, but with the relative size of each segment and its
growth over time.
We then developed market profiles for each non-residential segment in each state. Table 3-10
shows an example commercial average base year market profile, in this case for the Washington
Small/Medium Commercial Segment. The market profiles for each of the Washington and Idaho
C&I segments are shown in Appendix A.
Table 3-10 Large Commercial Segment Market Profile, Washington, 2009

EUI Intensity Usage
(kWh)(kWh/Sqft.)(GWh)
Cooling Central Chiller 24.7%2.1 0.5 49
Cooling RTU 37.8%2.5 1.0 89
Cooling Heat Pump 9.1%3.5 0.3 30
Space Heating Heat Pump 9.1%2.3 0.2 20
Space Heating Electric Resistance 5.9%3.6 0.2 20
Space Heating Furnace 12.7%4.7 0.6 55
Ventilation Ventilation 75.1%1.7 1.2 116
Interior Lighting Interior Screw-in 100.0%0.9 0.9 88
Interior Lighting High Bay Fixtures 100.0%0.7 0.7 66
Interior Lighting Linear Fluorescent 100.0%3.3 3.3 307
Exterior Lighting Exterior Screw-in 100.0%0.1 0.1 9
Exterior Lighting HID 100.0%0.7 0.7 65
Water Heating Water Heater 54.2%2.3 1.3 117
Food Preparation Fryer 18.4%0.4 0.1 6
Food Preparation Oven 18.4%1.9 0.3 32
Food Preparation Dishwasher 18.4%0.2 0.0 3
Food Preparation Hot Food Container 18.4%0.3 0.1 5
Food Preparation Food Prep 18.4%0.0 0.0 0
Refrigeration Walk in Refrigeration 39.1%0.5 0.2 17
Refrigeration Glass Door Display 39.1%0.4 0.1 13
Refrigeration Reach-in Refrigerator 39.1%0.8 0.3 28
Refrigeration Open Display Case 39.1%0.3 0.1 10
Refrigeration Vending Machine 39.1%0.4 0.1 13
Refrigeration Icemaker 39.1%0.7 0.3 24
Office Equipment Desktop Computer 98.4%0.9 0.9 82
Office Equipment Laptop Computer 98.4%0.1 0.1 6
Office Equipment Server 98.4%0.4 0.4 38
Office Equipment Monitor 98.4%0.2 0.2 19
Office Equipment Printer/copier/fax 98.4%0.2 0.2 19
Office Equipment POS Terminal 98.4%0.1 0.1 6
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor 57.7%1.4 0.8 75
Miscellaneous Other Miscellaneous 100.0%1.4 1.4 127
16.7 1,557 Total
End Use Technology Saturation
Average Market Profiles
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Figure 3-6 displays the breakdown of energy use by end use for all C&I segments combined. This
information is further detailed in Table 3-11 and Figure 3-7, which present the end-use shares of
electricity use by segment.
Figure 3-6 C&I Electricity Consumption by End Use, 2009

Table 3-11 C&I Electricity Consumption by End Use and Segment (GWh, 2009)
End Use Small/Medium
Commercial
Large
Commercial
Extra Large
Commercial
Extra Large
Industrial Total C&I
Cooling 87 244 43 48 421
Space Heating 68 168 42 68 347
Ventilation 53 169 24 - 246
Water Heating 213 668 93 50 1,024
Interior Lighting 39 108 22 5 174
Exterior Lighting 36 153 14 - 204
Refrigeration 16 68 8 - 92
Food Preparation 70 248 26 - 344
Office Equipment 81 293 37 99 510
Miscellaneous 75 138 28 25 266
Process - - - 162 162
Machine Drive - - - 352 352
Total 739 2,257 336 809 4,141

Cooling
10%
Space Heating
7%
Ventilation
8%
Water Heating
6%
Interior Lighting
25%
Exterior Lighting
4%
Refrigeration
5%
Food Preparation
2%
Office Equipment
8%
Miscellaneous
12%
Process
4%
Machine Drive
9%
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Figure 3-7 C&I Electricity Consumption by End Use and Segment (2009)
Observations include the following:
Commercial buildings, including Small/Medium, Large, and Extra Large
o Lighting is the largest single energy use across all of the commercial buildings,
accounting for 34% of energy use.
o Space conditioning, including space heating, cooling, and ventilation, is close behind with
27% of energy use.
o Miscellaneous, which includes non-HVAC motors, vertical transport (e.g. elevators,
escalators), medical equipment, telecommunications equipment, and various other loads,
is the next largest energy use at 12%.
o Office equipment, with 10% of use, is the fourth largest end use.
o Water heating, refrigeration, and food preparation are only a small portion of energy use
in the commercial sector overall, though they are more significant in specific building
types (supermarkets, restaurants, hospitals, lodging).
Extra Large Industrial facilities
o Machine drive and process loads dominate in this segment, together accounting for 64%
of energy use.
o HVAC and interior lighting consume 17% and 7% of energy respectively.

0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Small/Medium
Commercial
Large Commercial Extra Large
Commercial
Extra Large
Industrial
An
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Space Heating
Ventilation
Water Heating
Interior Lighting
Exterior Lighting
Refrigeration
Food Preparation
Office Equipment
Miscellaneous
Process
Machine Drive
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CHAPTER 4
CONSERVATION POTENTIAL
This chapter presents the results of the potential analysis, beginning with overall potential,
followed by details for each sector. All results show cumulative potential, indicating how a
measure installed in one year continues to provide savings in subsequent years through the end
of its useful measure life. Incremental annual results appear in Appendix E.
Overall Potential
Figure 4-1 and Table 4-1 summarize the achievable potential across all sectors. The C&I sector
accounts for the about 55% of the savings initially, and over time its share of savings grows to
around 60%.
Figure 4-1 Cumulative Achievable Potential by Sector (MWh)

-
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
1,600,000
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Irrigation Cumulative Savings (MWh)
C&I Cumulative Savings (MWh)
Residential Cumulative Savings (MWh)
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Table 4-1 Cumulative Achievable Potential by State and Sector (MWh)
2014 2015 2018 2023 2028 2033
Washington Achievable Cumulative Savings (MWh)
Residential 15,091 29,603 100,792 172,576 266,751 369,293
C&I 19,927 40,930 123,755 256,653 392,186 543,380
Pumping 1,402 3,237 8,742 10,535 10,535 10,535
Total 36,420 73,770 233,289 439,764 669,472 923,208
Washington Achievable Cumulative Savings (aMW)
Residential 1.7 3.4 11.5 19.7 30.5 42.2
C&I 2.3 4.7 14.1 29.3 44.8 62.0
Pumping 0.2 0.4 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.2
Total 4.2 8.4 26.6 50.2 76.4 105.4
2014 2015 2018 2023 2028 2033
Idaho Achievable Cumulative Savings (MWh)
Residential 6,757 13,183 46,795 79,385 125,347 177,826
C&I 8,863 16,427 53,214 124,987 192,518 261,813
Pumping 618 1,426 3,852 4,642 4,642 4,642
Total 16,238 31,036 103,861 209,014 322,507 444,281
Idaho Achievable Cumulative Savings (aMW)
Residential 0.8 1.5 5.3 9.1 14.3 20.3
C&I 1.0 1.9 6.1 14.3 22.0 29.9
Pumping 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5
Total 1.9 3.5 11.9 23.9 36.8 50.7
2014 2015 2018 2023 2028 2033
Washington and Idaho Achievable Cumulative Savings (MWh)
Residential 21,848 42,786 147,588 251,961 392,098 547,119
C&I 28,790 57,357 176,969 381,640 584,703 805,193
Pumping 2,020 4,663 12,593 15,177 15,177 15,177
Total 52,657 104,806 337,150 648,778 991,979 1,367,490
Washington and Idaho Achievable Cumulative Savings (aMW)
Residential 2.5 4.9 16.8 28.8 44.8 62.5
C&I 3.3 6.5 20.2 43.6 66.7 91.9
Pumping 0.2 0.5 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.7
Total 6.0 12.0 38.5 74.1 113.2 156.1

Table 4-2 summarizes the three levels of conservation potential, by state and for the overall
service territory, for selected years. For rate class 25P and pumping customers, only achievable
potential was assessed; economic and technical potential for these two small rate classes are
assumed to be equal to achievable potential.
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Table 4-2 Summary of Cumulative Conservation Potential
2014 2015 2018 2023 2028 2033
Washington Cumulative Savings (MWh)
Achievable Potential 36,420 73,770 233,289 439,764 669,472 923,208
Economic Potential 214,944 329,262 741,547 1,131,761 1,539,860 1,807,576
Technical Potential 794,447 941,497 1,550,783 2,212,885 2,704,067 3,024,259
Washington Cumulative Savings (aMW)
Achievable Potential 4.2 8.4 26.6 50.2 76.4 105.4
Economic Potential 24.5 37.6 84.7 129.2 175.8 206.3
Technical Potential 90.7 107.5 177.0 252.6 308.7 345.2
Idaho Cumulative Savings (MWh)
Achievable Potential 16,238 31,036 103,861 209,014 322,507 444,281
Economic Potential 101,779 151,705 350,121 538,404 734,193 859,791
Technical Potential 368,926 430,787 700,966 975,464 1,195,587 1,330,893
Idaho Cumulative Savings (aMW)
Achievable Potential 1.9 3.5 11.9 23.9 36.8 50.7
Economic Potential 11.6 17.3 40.0 61.5 83.8 98.1
Technical Potential 42.1 49.2 80.0 111.4 136.5 151.9
Total Washington and Idaho Cumulative Savings (MWh)
Achievable Potential 52,657 104,806 337,150 648,778 991,979 1,367,490
Economic Potential 316,722 480,967 1,091,669 1,670,165 2,274,053 2,667,367
Technical Potential 1,163,373 1,372,283 2,251,749 3,188,349 3,899,655 4,355,152
Total Washington and Idaho Cumulative Savings (aMW)
Achievable Potential 6.0 12.0 38.5 74.1 113.2 156.1
Economic Potential 36.2 54.9 124.6 190.7 259.6 304.5
Technical Potential 132.8 156.7 257.0 364.0 445.2 497.2
Note: For pumping and rate class 25P, only achievable potential was calculated and thus economic and technical
potential were assumed to be equal to achievable potential for these two rate classes.
Key findings related to cumulative conservation potentials are as follows.
Achievable potential, for the residential, commercial, and industrial sectors is 100,143
MWh or 11.4 aMW for the 2014–2015 biennium. With the addition of pumping, achievable
potential is 12.0 aMW for the 2014-2015 biennium and increases to 156.1 aMW by 2033.
Washington provides approximately 70% of the potential in most years. Washington provides
approximately 70% of the potential in most years. Over the 2014–2033 period, the
achievable potential forecast offsets 39% of the overall growth in the residential and C&I
combined baseline projections.
Economic potential, which reflects the savings when all cost-effective measures are taken,
is 480,967 MWh or 54.9 aMW for2014-2015. By 2033, economic potential reaches 304.5
aMW.
Technical potential, which reflects the adoption of all conservation measures regardless of
cost-effectiveness, is a theoretical upper bound on savings. For 2014–2015, technical
potential savings are 1, 372,283 MWh or 156.7 aMW. By 2033, technical potential reaches
497.2 aMW.
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Error! Not a valid bookmark self-reference. presents the three levels of potential for
Residential and C&I graphically.
Figure 4-2 Summary of Cumulative Energy Savings, Residential and C&I

Note: Excludes pumping and rate class 25P.
Residential Sector
Table 4-3 presents estimates for the three types of potential for the residential sector.
Table 4-3 Conservation Potential for the Residential Sector
2014 2015 2018 2023 2028 2033
Cumulative Savings (MWh)
Achievable Potential 21,848 42,786 147,588 251,961 392,098 547,119
Economic Potential 231,078 335,111 744,684 1,041,719 1,390,377 1,549,252
Technical Potential 963,411 1,037,905 1,338,457 1,473,324 1,727,383 1,911,746
Energy Savings (aMW)
Achievable Potential 2.5 4.9 16.8 28.8 44.8 62.5
Economic Potential 26.4 38.3 85.0 118.9 158.7 176.9
Technical Potential 110.0 118.5 152.8 168.2 197.2 218.2

We note the following:
Achievable potential for the 2014-2015 biennium is 42,786 MWh, or approximately 4.9
aMW. By 2033, the cumulative achievable projection savings are 62.5 aMW.
Economic potential, which reflects the savings when all cost-effective measures are taken,
is 335,111 MWh for 2014-2015. By 2033, economic potential reaches 176.9 aMW.
0
100
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600
2014 2015 2018 2023 2028 2033
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Technical potential in the residential sector is substantial, because measures such as LED
lamps, heat pump water heaters, and solar water heating could cut energy use dramatically.
The 2014–2015 technical potential is 1,037,905 MWh. By 2033, technical potential reaches
218.2 aMW. The relatively wide gap between technical and economic potential reflects the
fact that Avista’s long-running residential conservation programs have already achieved much
of the conservation that is cost-effective. In addition, avoided costs are lower than in the
past CPA. As a result, additional conservation measures are becoming relatively more costly,
and many do not pass the cost-effectiveness screen based on Avista’s current avoided costs.
Figure 4-3 depicts the potential energy savings estimates graphically.
Figure 4-3 Residential Cumulative Savings by Potential Case

0
50
100
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2014 2015 2018 2023 2028 2033
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Residential Potential by End Use, Technology, and Measure Type
Table 4-4 provides estimates of savings for each end use and type of potential.
Table 4-4 Residential Cumulative Savings by End Use and Potential Type (MWh)
End Use Potential Case 2014 2015 2018 2023 2028 2033
Cooling
Achievable 620 1,206 3,955 8,711 13,826 16,615
Economic 1,968 2,742 8,812 14,724 19,958 23,154
Technical 80,951 84,487 96,347 115,936 138,315 155,998
Space
Heating
Achievable 3,984 8,769 29,422 72,188 126,808 178,884
Economic 33,250 59,904 165,564 317,802 479,738 572,297
Technical 426,183 437,898 485,931 568,938 690,804 784,960
Water
Heating
Achievable 3,409 9,111 35,322 88,903 146,861 201,703
Economic 139,048 174,837 285,037 498,268 694,979 750,037
Technical 205,283 224,051 279,694 387,782 492,126 528,826
Interior
Lighting
Achievable 9,112 15,439 56,325 50,856 61,722 77,434
Economic 36,447 61,757 193,632 121,765 101,412 89,845
Technical 69,443 97,468 237,734 172,522 159,744 176,303
Exterior
Lighting
Achievable 3,121 5,340 14,121 7,568 1,767 4,771
Economic 12,486 21,361 56,554 18,869 4,680 5,178
Technical 29,639 37,425 63,855 27,506 18,316 19,975
Appliances
Achievable 1,210 1,979 4,746 11,476 15,137 22,253
Economic 2,171 3,494 7,934 23,758 26,088 31,776
Technical 110,903 106,754 97,381 96,098 99,364 99,247
Electronics
Achievable 269 635 2,466 8,038 16,469 27,134
Economic 4,242 8,047 19,593 31,158 39,062 44,050
Technical 38,001 44,875 66,641 83,650 96,504 106,895
Misc.
Achievable 122 307 1,232 4,220 9,509 18,325
Economic 1,465 2,969 7,558 15,375 24,460 32,915
Technical 3,009 4,947 10,872 20,892 32,212 39,542
5Total
Achievable 21,848 42,786 147,588 251,961 392,098 547,119
Economic 231,078 335,111 744,684 1,041,719 1,390,377 1,549,252
Technical 963,411 1,037,905 1,338,457 1,473,324 1,727,383 1,911,746

Focusing first on technical and economic potential, there are significant savings that are both
possible and economic in numerous end uses:
Space heating offers the highest technical potential, which would be achieved if all electric
furnaces were replaced with SEER 16 air-source heat pumps (either when furnaces fail or by
installing a heat pump in lieu of a furnace during new construction) and all electric resistance
heat was converted to ductless mini-split systems. Note that conversion to gas is not
included in the technical potential because it does not result in the least energy use at the
site level.7 On the other hand, conversion to gas furnaces is cost-effective and is thus
included in the economic potential. In addition, replacing electric resistance heat with

7 Based on multiplying site-level electricity use in kWh by 3.412 to convert to equivalent kBTU for comparison with natural gas use.
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ductless heat pumps, selected shell measures, and thermostats also contribute to economic
potential. By 2018, space heating is the third highest contributor to economic potential.
Water heating offers the second-highest technical potential savings in 2014, which reflects
the across-the-board installation of heat pump water heaters and solar water heating.
Although solar water heating does not pass the TRC B/C screening, HPWH are found to be
cost-effective for water heaters in single family homes.8 As with furnaces, conversion to gas
is not included in technical potential, but does feature in economic potential. Consequently,
economic potential actually grows more rapidly than technical potential. By 2018, water
heating is projected to be the largest contributor to economic potential.
Appliances offer the third-highest technical potential in the near term. This reflects both the
replacement of failed white-goods appliances with the highest-efficiency option and removal
of second refrigerators in appliance recycling programs. However, once the new appliance
standards take effect in 2015, relative savings in this category diminish and therefore many
technologies no longer pass the economic screen, yielding economic potential that is
relatively small.
Interior and Exterior Lighting combine to provide the fourth largest source of technical
potential. Initially, economic potential is substantial as well, due to CFLs and high-efficiency
linear fluorescent options. By 2018, LEDs have become the cost-effective option in many
segments, and thus economic potential grows substantially, making lighting the second
highest source of economic potential, behind only water heating.
Cooling also offer substantial technical potential savings opportunities which would be
achieved if all air conditioning systems were converted to the highest efficiency units.
However, standards again diminish savings relative to the base case and lower cost-
effectiveness such that cooling measures are eliminated from economic potential.
Electronics provides substantial technical potential as well, but most alternatives for higher
efficiency are not cost effective, largely because the baseline case already incorporates
relatively high efficiency equipment, as a result of successful market transformation efforts to
date.
Figure 4-4 presents the residential cumulative achievable potential in 2018. This reflects the
application of market acceptance rate factor to economic potential, to model how factors
including market barriers, customer acceptance, and program maturity affect how quickly
measures are implemented. As discussed in Chapter 2, market acceptance rates were developed
based on the Sixth Plan ramp rates with adjustments to match Avista program history. We note
the following:
Lighting, primarily the conversion of both interior and exterior lamps to compact fluorescent
lamps in the first few years, followed by LEDs starting in 2017, represents 70,446 MWh or
47% of savings. Utility programs and other market transformation programs have made
customers accepting of new lighting technologies, and thus these technologies are relatively
well accepted by consumers.
Water heating is the next highest source of achievable potential. As discussed above, water
heating provides the largest economic potential, but the market for heat pump water heaters
remains immature, and thus the uptake of this technology is limited in the near term.
Although conversion to gas water heating is a mature technology and readily accepted,
customers may be unable to convert at the time of replacement due to timing issues or other
considerations.
Space heating provides 20% of achievable potential mainly due to electric furnaces being
converted to gas units, and resistance heating being displaced by ductless heat pumps.

8 HPWH become the baseline technology for water heaters ≥55 gallons beginning in 2016 due to a standards change, and thus the
larger water heaters do not contribute to potential after 2016.
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Figure 4-4 Residential Cumulative Achievable Potential by End Use in 2018
As described in Chapter 2, using our LoadMAP model, we develop separate estimates of potential
for equipment and non-equipment measures. Table 4-5 presents results for equipment
achievable potential at the technology level and Table 4-6 presents non-equipment measures for
those measures that passed the cost-effectiveness screening. Initially, the majority of the
savings come from the equipment measures, with lighting leading the way. Water heating, space
heating, appliances and electronics, mainly televisions, provide savings as well. Over time, non-
equipment measures, which are phased into the market more slowly but produce long-lasting
savings (e.g., controls, water-saving fixtures, shell measures), produce a greater share of
savings. In the non-equipment category, tank blanket installation, pipe insulation and thermostat
setbacks for water heaters provide the greatest savings.

Cooling
3%
Space Heating
20%
Water Heating
24%
Interior Lighting
38%
Exterior
Lighting
9%
Appliances
3%
Electronics
6%
Miscellaneous
1%
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Table 4-5 Residential Cumulative Achievable Potential for Equipment Measures (MWh)
End Use Technology 2014 2015 2018 2023 2028 2033
Cooling
Central AC 500 1,014 2,687 5,462 8,714 10,055
Room AC - - - - - -
Air Source Heat Pump 93 94 95 96 97 205
Geothermal Heat Pump - - - - - -
Space Heating
Electric Resistance 348 837 3,738 13,323 31,336 52,036
Electric Furnace 3,159 6,839 17,175 33,802 56,037 75,385
Air Source Heat Pump 256 257 261 264 267 3,561
Geothermal Heat Pump - - - - - -
Water
Heating
Water Heater <= 55 Gal 1,604 3,654 11,129 38,369 82,577 136,249
Water Heater > 55 Gal 119 166 331 810 1,387 1,944
Interior
Lighting
Screw-in 6,268 9,722 39,805 18,279 7,524 15
Linear Fluorescent 5 10 36 8 - 21
Specialty 2,838 5,707 16,484 32,296 53,577 76,495
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in 3,121 5,340 14,121 7,568 1,767 4,771
Appliances
Clothes Washer 548 546 542 533 53 12
Clothes Dryer - - - - - -
Dishwasher - - - 80 288 601
Refrigerator 383 775 2,187 4,655 5,854 9,371
Freezer 34 172 789 1,527 2,647 4,219
Second Refrigerator 131 259 668 1,413 1,851 3,151
Stove 114 227 560 1,296 2,109 2,470
Microwave - - - - - -
Electronics
Personal Computers 106 260 1,111 3,079 5,678 9,692
TVs 74 187 745 2,543 5,118 7,419
Set-top boxes/DVR 89 188 610 2,417 5,673 10,023
Devices and Gadgets - - - - - -
Miscellaneous
Pool Pump 6 15 62 241 968 2,961
Furnace Fan 116 291 1,170 3,979 8,541 15,364
Miscellaneous - - - - - -
Grand Total 19,915 36,560 114,306 172,041 282,064 426,022

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Table 4-6 Residential Cumulative Achievable Savings for Non-equipment Measures (MWh),
continued
Measure 2014 2015 2018 2023 2028 2033
Insulation - Ceiling - - 53 174 308 606
Insulation - Foundation - - 791 2,225 4,753 7,090
Insulation - Infiltration Control - - 1,692 9,543 16,408 20,226
Insulation - Wall Cavity 5 18 101 399 1,025 2,887
Refrigerator - Remove Second Unit - - - 1,973 2,335 2,429
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 243 917 6,783 14,483 18,457 18,619
Water Heater - Faucet Aerators 238 807 3,244 6,411 7,897 7,706
Water Heater - Pipe Insulation 335 1,129 4,790 9,307 11,296 10,828
Water Heater - Low Flow Showerheads 203 606 5,885 14,759 17,448 17,087
Water Heater - Tank Blanket/Insulation 575 1,909 7,317 13,150 14,736 12,937
Water Heater - Thermostat Setback 334 841 2,626 6,097 11,519 14,951
Advanced New Construction Designs - - - - 1,079 1,801
Behavioral Measures - - - 1,400 2,773 3,930
Total 1,933 6,226 33,281 79,920 110,034 121,098

Residential Potential by Market Segment
Single-family homes were slightly more than half of Avista’s residential customers and
represented 66% of the sector’s energy use in 2009. Furthermore, potential savings are
generally higher in single family homes, which have larger saturations of equipment beyond the
basics of space heating, water heating, and appliances. Thus, single-family homes account for
the largest share of potential savings by segment, representing approximately 73% of achievable
potential across the study period as indicated in Table 4-6. Table 4-7 shows the three potential
cases by housing type in 2018.

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Table 4-6 Residential Cumulative Achievable Potential by Market Segment
2014 2015 2018 2023 2028 2033
Achievable Savings (MWh)
Single Family 15,922 30,820 102,461 174,454 268,519 370,353
Multi Family 765 1,551 6,307 11,114 17,841 26,271
Mobile Home 619 1,259 4,131 6,589 10,014 13,837
Low Income 4,541 9,156 34,688 59,803 95,724 136,659
Total 21,848 42,786 147,588 251,961 392,098 547,119
Achievable - % of Savings
Single Family 73% 72% 69% 69% 68% 68%
Multi Family 4% 4% 4% 4% 5% 5%
Mobile Home 3% 3% 3% 3% 3% 3%
Low Income 21% 21% 24% 24% 24% 25%
Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

Table 4-7 Residential Cumulative Achievable Potential by End Use and Market Segment, 2018
(MWh)
Single Family Multi Family Mobile Home Low Income
Energy Savings (MWh)
Achievable Potential 102,461 6,307 4,131 34,688
Economic Potential 464,782 37,980 31,907 210,015
Technical Potential 1,434,368 173,515 131,221 909,267
Energy Savings (aMW)
Achievable Potential 4% 3% 3% 4%
Economic Potential 20% 20% 26% 24%
Technical Potential 61% 90% 106% 105%

Table 4-8 shows the savings by end use and market segment in 2018. Across all housing types,
as discussed previous, lighting is the single largest opportunity, followed by water heating, and
space heating. In mobile homes and low income, however, the potential for space heating is
higher than for water heating, due to the higher saturation of electric heat, as well as less
efficient building shells.

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Table 4-8 Residential Cumulative Achievable Potential by End Use and Market Segment, 2018
(MWh)
End Use Single Family Multi Family Mobile Home Low Income All Homes
Cooling 3,029 31 57 838 3,955
Space Heating 17,689 982 1,117 9,634 29,422
Water Heating 25,266 1,761 490 7,805 35,322
Interior Lighting 39,315 3,053 1,728 12,228 56,325
Exterior Lighting 11,190 87 488 2,355 14,121
Appliances 3,276 228 131 1,112 4,746
Electronics 1,698 142 75 550 2,466
Miscellaneous 998 23 45 167 1,232
Total 102,461 6,307 4,131 34,688 147,588

C&I Sector Potential
The baseline projection for the commercial sector grows steadily during the projection period as
the region emerges from the economic downturn. As a result, opportunities for energy-efficiency
savings are significant for the C&I sector.
Achievable potential for the 2014-2015 biennium is 57,354 MWh, or approximately 6.5
aMW. By 2033, the cumulative achievable projection savings are 91.9 aMW. Potential for rate
class 25P was separately assessed, outside the LoadMAP model, at approximately 1 MWh
annually.
Economic potential is 141,191 MWh for 2014-2015. By 2033, economic potential reaches
125.9 aMW.
Technical potential for 2014–2015 potential is 329,713 MWh. By 2033, technical potential
reaches 277.2 aMW.
Table 4-9 and Note: Excludes rate class 25P.
Figure 4-5 present the savings associated with each level of potential.
Table 4-9 Cumulative Conservation Potential for the C&I Sector
2014 2015 2018 2023 2028 2033
Cumulative Savings (MWh)
Achievable Potential 28,789 57,354 176,964 381,630 584,687 805,172
Economic Potential 83,624 141,191 334,386 613,258 868,483 1,102,916
Technical Potential 197,941 329,713 900,694 1,699,836 2,157,078 2,428,207
Cumulative Savings (aMW)
Achievable Potential 3.3 6.5 20.2 43.6 66.7 91.9
Economic Potential 9.5 16.1 38.2 70.0 165.7 125.9
Technical Potential 22.6 37.6 102.8 194.0 246.2 277.2
Note: Excludes rate class 25P.
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Figure 4-5 C&I Cumulative Savings by Potential Case
Note: Excludes rate class 25P.

0
50
100
150
200
250
300
2014 2015 2018 2023 2028 2033
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Economic Potential
Technical Potential
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C&I Potential by End Use, Technology, and Measure Type
Table 4-10 presents the commercial and industrial sector savings by end use and potential type.
Table 4-10 C&I Cumulative Potential by End Use and Potential Type (MWh)
End Use Potential 2014 2015 2018 2023 2028 2033
Cooling
Achievable Potential 868 1,376 4,173 16,795 34,853 49,278
Economic Potential 1,691 2,488 7,079 27,350 53,462 72,875
Technical Potential 19,454 29,736 97,875 196,371 253,620 294,929
Space Heating
Achievable Potential 519 715 1,803 6,917 15,359 23,827
Economic Potential 1,288 1,733 4,283 14,806 29,018 41,719
Technical Potential 11,159 16,184 44,222 108,389 148,257 173,675
Ventilation
Achievable Potential 963 2,239 10,061 31,438 55,099 77,805
Economic Potential 1,133 2,739 12,553 38,972 66,375 92,514
Technical Potential 12,706 22,200 83,691 184,710 226,874 241,650
Water
Heating
Achievable Potential 1,597 3,270 10,777 32,637 78,331 126,429
Economic Potential 11,899 22,573 57,844 122,614 211,538 238,809
Technical Potential 15,102 29,004 80,484 159,912 266,475 297,971
Interior
Lighting
Achievable Potential 17,099 34,790 99,910 159,448 196,299 274,184
Economic Potential 44,373 71,064 145,394 208,161 247,368 342,873
Technical Potential 77,989 127,519 332,806 565,237 668,438 745,387
Exterior
Lighting
Achievable Potential 1,891 3,353 12,231 33,437 48,284 52,775
Economic Potential 7,402 11,324 33,083 53,407 58,412 60,364
Technical Potential 12,582 17,733 42,800 75,475 84,874 93,215
Food
Preparation
Achievable Potential 1,658 3,354 9,246 20,001 28,341 35,406
Economic Potential 2,127 4,265 11,312 24,224 34,077 42,363
Technical Potential 3,928 7,015 17,911 40,248 58,963 73,609
Refrigeration
Achievable Potential 93 343 1,833 4,922 12,431 28,158
Economic Potential 186 603 2,490 6,123 14,718 33,143
Technical Potential 3,663 7,396 19,377 40,458 56,695 65,200
Office
Equipment
Achievable Potential 3,000 5,894 19,718 46,832 67,723 76,351
Economic Potential 11,327 20,590 48,337 73,793 83,277 91,979
Technical Potential 29,051 51,981 104,158 128,436 143,820 158,781
Machine
Drive
Achievable Potential 4 8 40 165 300 439
Economic Potential 8 15 73 295 512 713
Technical Potential 188 695 2,625 6,418 10,018 11,764
Process
Achievable Potential 426 766 3,337 13,761 26,438 35,254
Economic Potential 862 1,501 6,179 23,952 43,702 54,818
Technical Potential 10,272 17,192 66,674 169,003 205,886 233,266
Miscellaneous
Achievable Potential 670 1,248 3,835 15,277 21,229 25,265
Economic Potential 1,329 2,295 5,758 19,561 26,024 30,744
Technical Potential 1,848 3,057 8,070 25,178 33,157 38,761
Total
Achievable Potential 28,789 57,354 176,964 381,630 584,687 805,172
Economic Potential 83,624 141,191 334,386 613,258 868,483 1,102,916
Technical Potential 197,941 329,713 900,694 1,699,836 2,157,078 2,428,207
Note: Excludes rate class 25P.

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The end uses with the highest technical and economic potential are:
Interior lighting, as a result of LED lighting that is now commercially available, has the
highest technical potential at 332,806 MWh in 2018. LEDs are found to be cost-effective in all
applications beginning in either 2014 or 2015, as a result of longer hours of operation in
commercial buildings. In addition, super T8s for linear fluorescent systems, T5s for high-bay
fixtures, and control systems also contribute to lighting economic potential. Therefore,
economic potential is highest for lighting as well, at 145,394 MWh in 2018, which is roughly
44% of the lighting technical potential and 43% of total economic potential in 2018.
HVAC end uses collectively comprise 25% of technical potential or 225,778 MWh. However,
relatively few measures pass the economic screen, so that economic potential is only 23,915
MWh, or about one tenth of the technical potential.
Office equipment has significant technical potential of 101,158 MWh in 2018, and
economic potential of 48,337 MWh
Water heating technical potential comes next, with 80,484 MWh, and because measures
such as HPWH and water saving devices are cost-effective, economic potential is 57,844
MWh.
Table 4-11 and Table 4-12 present achievable potential savings for equipment measures and
non-equipment measures, respectively. Table 4-12 presents only measures that passed the cost-
effectiveness test.

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Table 4-11 C&I Cumulative Achievable Savings for Equipment Measures (MWh)
End Use Technology 2014 2015 2018 2023 2028 2033
Cooling
Central Chiller 350 670 2,231 6,803 12,639 17,307
RTU - - - - - -
Heat Pump - - - - - -
Space Heating
Heat Pump - - - - - -
Electric Resistance - - - - - -
Furnace - - - - - -
Ventilation Ventilation 963 2,072 8,768 26,596 49,646 72,087
Water
Heating Water Heater 1,311 2,844 9,464 26,736 64,973 107,400
Interior
Lighting
Linear Fluorescent 93 141 5,268 29,001 44,645 68,240
Interior Screw-in 10,160 19,861 42,656 29,637 12,498 42,051
High Bay Fixtures 6,482 14,295 48,666 77,212 85,244 94,133
Exterior
Lighting
HID 1,140 2,519 8,105 27,952 41,884 47,529
Exterior Screw-in 678 708 3,507 2,823 2,075 -
Refrigeration
Reach-in Refrigerator 409 839 2,364 5,026 7,600 10,224
Glass Door Display 462 946 2,614 5,502 8,266 10,964
Open Display Case - - - - - -
Icemaker 291 589 1,595 3,648 4,865 5,399
Vending Machine 452 921 2,520 5,382 6,822 7,744
Walk in Refrigerator - - - - - -
Food
Preparation
Oven - 137 944 2,673 8,844 23,982
Fryer 93 207 670 1,532 2,303 2,660
Dishwasher - - - - - -
Hot Food Container - - 220 717 1,284 1,516
Other Food Prep - - - - - -
Office
Equipment
Desktop Computers 1,381 2,607 6,968 13,526 20,092 22,514
Server 1,095 2,340 7,192 16,419 23,871 26,404
Monitor 121 229 1,979 4,709 6,994 7,837
Printer/copier/fax - - 395 3,452 5,311 6,242
POS Terminal - - 381 956 1,425 1,613
Laptop Computer 96 182 487 945 1,403 1,573
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor
Other Miscellaneous - - - - - -
Process
Process
Cooling/Refrigeration 301 574 1,810 8,290 11,076 12,927
Process Heating - - - - - -
Electrochemical Process 293 558 1,614 5,791 8,190 9,645
Machine
Drive
Less than 5 HP 3 27 122 241 640 851
5-24 HP 7 14 41 160 212 247
25-99 HP 19 36 104 405 537 623
100-249 HP 11 20 59 230 305 353
250-499 HP 3 6 32 287 343 392
500 and more HP 6 12 60 543 649 742
Grand Total 26,202 53,316 160,683 306,133 433,342 601,609
Note: Excludes rate class 25P.
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Table 4-12 C&I Cumulative Achievable Savings for Non-equipment Measures (MWh)
Measure 2014 2015 2018 2023 2028 2033
Energy Management System 1,142 1,525 3,673 15,912 39,422 63,759
Exterior Lighting - Daylighting Controls 0 0 5 58 271 482
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensors 0 0 9 58 113 160
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 213 296 754 2,471 4,822 6,948
Heat Pump - Maintenance 41 69 277 918 1,387 1,634
Water Heater - Faucet Aerators/Low Flow
Nozzles - - - - - 411
Water Heater - High Efficiency Circulation
Pump 285 425 1,313 5,900 13,358 18,617
Retrocommissioning - Lighting - - 1,689 17,461 38,207 43,900
Air-Cooled Chiller - Cond. Water Temperature
Reset 0 0 87 761 1,218 1,689
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset - - - - 17 63
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow System 0 0 3 16 40 64
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling Tower Fans 0 0 6 37 69 103
Cooling - Economizer Installation - - 168 1,916 4,085 4,999
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors - 161 720 2,249 2,533 2,293
Interior Lighting - Time Clocks and Timers - - - 21 92 140
Refrigeration - Strip Curtain 43 59 149 415 710 920
LED Exit Lighting 4 20 483 599 771 748
Refrigeration - High Efficiency Case Lighting - 1 5 29 78 153
Exterior Lighting - Cold Cathode Lighting 72 125 507 1,442 1,703 1,989
Laundry - High Efficiency Clothes Washer 4 7 35 115 157 192
Interior Lighting - Skylights - - 7 108 279 469
Office Equipment - Smart Power Strips 305 536 2,316 6,826 8,626 10,168
Ventilation - Demand Control Ventilation 0 5 571 2,576 2,875 3,349
Strategic Energy Management 5 7 62 434 1,163 1,968
Refrigeration - System Controls 28 38 85 192 297 350
Refrigeration - System Maintenance 28 44 169 482 665 829
Refrigeration - System Optimization 17 29 116 252 285 298
Motors - Variable Frequency Drive 6 13 197 1,167 2,159 3,207
Motors - Magnetic Adjustable Speed Drives 222 380 1,489 3,821 4,690 5,921
Compressed Air - System Optimization and
Improvements 7 14 196 2,992 9,116 11,744
Compressed Air - Compressor Replacement 100 172 655 2,485 5,571 8,169
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Measure 2014 2015 2018 2023 2028 2033
Fan System - Controls 3 6 27 89 126 160
Fan System - Optimization 17 29 113 291 350 382
Fan System - Maintenance 0 0 1 8 14 20
Pumping System - Controls 21 37 228 975 1,610 2,275
Pumping System - Maintenance 0 1 13 67 117 169
Total 2,566 4,001 16,130 74,436 150,049 202,076
Note: Excludes rate class 25P.

As shown in Figure 4-6, the primary sources of C&I sector achievable savings in 2018 are as
follows:
Interior and exterior lighting, comprising lamps, fixtures, and controls, account for 64% of
C&I sector achievable potential. Not only is economic potential high for lighting measures,
but they are more readily accepted and implemented in the market than many other, higher
cost and more complex measures.
Office Equipment, which is the second largest portion of this sector’s achievable potential
(11%)
Water heating and Ventilation each provides 6% of the total savings
Figure 4-6 C&I Cumulative Achievable Potential Cumulative Savings by End Use in 2018
(percentage of total)
Note: Excludes rate class 25P.

Cooling
2%
Space Heating
1%Ventilation
6%
Water Heating
6%
Food Preparation
1%
Refrigeration
5%
Interior Lighting
57%
Exterior Lighting
7%
Office Equipment
11%
Machine Drive
2%
Process
2%
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C&I Potential by Market Segment
Table 4-13 shows potential estimates by segment in 2018. The large commercial segment has
the largest achievable conservation potential of 201,247 MWh, roughly 58% of the overall
commercial achievable potential. The small/medium segment follows with a large gap at 64,655
MWh.
Table 4-13 C&I Cumulative Potential by Market Segment, 2018
Energy Savings (MWh)
Achievable
Potential
Economic
Potential
Technical
Potential
Small/Med. Commercial 34,044 64,655 174,575
Large Commercial 101,745 201,247 529,133
Extra Large Commercial 16,950 31,634 79,582
Extra Large Industrial 24,224 36,850 117,403
Total 176,964 334,386 900,694
Note: Excludes rate class 25P.

Figure 4-7 presents the achievable potential in 2018 by end use and building type. Lighting
measures are key measure across all buildings.
Table 4-14 C&I Cumulative Achievable Savings in 2018 by End Use and Rate Class(MWh)
End Use Small/Medium
Commercial
Large
Commercial
Extra Large
Commercial
Extra Large
Industrial Total
Cooling 835 1,305 665 1,368 4,173
Space Heating 717 163 296 627 1,803
Ventilation 1,740 1,124 1,165 6,031 10,061
Water Heating 1,990 7,772 1,016 - 10,777
Interior Lighting 20,429 61,213 9,566 8,702 99,910
Exterior Lighting 2,967 7,669 1,276 318 12,231
Refrigeration 2,211 6,457 578 - 9,246
Food Preparation 220 639 975 - 1,833
Office Equipment 2,928 15,379 1,411 - 19,718
Miscellaneous 8 24 2 5 40
Process - - - 3,835 3,835
Machine Drive - - - 3,337 3,337
Total 34,044 101,745 16,950 24,224 176,964
Note: Excludes rate class 25P.

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Figure 4-7 C&I Cumulative Achievable Savings in 2018 by End Use and Building Type
Note: Excludes rate class 25P.

Sensitivity of Potential to Avoided Cost
Similar to the 2011 CPA, EnerNOC modeled several scenarios with varying levels of avoided costs
in addition to the reference case. For this study’s purposes, we have included a case where the
10% adder per NW Power and Conservation Act is removed. The other scenarios included 150%,
125%, and 75% of the avoided costs used in the reference case. Figure 4-8 and Table 4-15 show
how achievable potential varies under the four scenarios.
The reference case achievable potential reaches approximately at 1,352,291 MWh by 2033.
Removing the 10% adder from the avoided costs decreased this achievable potential to
1,272,206 MWh, 6% reduction.
With the 150% avoided cost case, achievable potential increased to 1,657,741 MWh while
the 125% avoided cost case and the 75% avoided cost case yielded achievable potential
equal to 1,521,856 and 1,146,105 MWh respectively.
While the changes are significant, the relationship between avoided cost and achievable potential
is not linear and increases in avoided costs do not provide equivalent percentage increases in
achievable potential. Technical potential imposes a limit on the amount of additional conservation
and each incremental unit of DSM becomes increasingly expensive.
0
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
Small/Medium
Commercial
Large Commercial Extra Large
Commercial
Extra Large
Industrial
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Space Heating
Ventilation
Water Heating
Interior Lighting
Exterior Lighting
Refrigeration
Food Preparation
Office Equipment
Miscellaneous
Machine Drive
Process
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Figure 4-8 Energy Savings, Cumulative Achievable Potential by Avoided Costs Scenario (MWh)
Note: Excludes pumping and rate class 25P.

Table 4-15 Achievable Potential with Varying Avoided Costs
End Use Reference
Scenario
Remove
10% adder
75% of
avoided
costs
125% of
avoided
costs
150% of
avoided
costs
Achievable potential savings
2033 (MWh) 1,352,291 1,272,206 1,146,105 1,521,856 1,657,741
Percentage change in savings vs.
100% avoided cost Scenario -6% -15% 13% 23%
Note: Excludes pumping and rate class 25P.

Electricity to Natural Gas Fuel Switching
While fuel efficiency is not considered in the NPCC Sixth Plan, Avista has a history of fuel
switching from electricity to natural gas and continues to target direct use as the most efficient
resource option when available. The conservation potential modeled above includes savings
potential attributable to conversion of electric space and water heating to natural gas. Table 4-16
displays savings potential from converting electric furnaces and water heaters to natural gas.
Within LoadMAP, we modeled savings for these measures in the residential sector only, but
because we calibrated the level of expected conversions to Avista’s recent program history that
includes small commercial building conversions as well, this potential may reflect a small
percentage of commercial section conversions. Because conversions remove most of the
electricity use from two of the largest residential end uses (water and space heating), it accounts
for 8.3% of combined residential, commercial and industrial savings by 2033. For water heating,
about one-fifth of the savings from gas conversions occurs in new construction. For furnaces,
new construction accounts for roughly 27% of the total.

-
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
1,600,000
1,800,000
2,000,000
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100% of reference case avoided costs
150% of avoided costs
125% of avoided costs
Reference case without 10% adder
75% of avoided costs
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Table 4-16 Cumulative Achievable Potential from Conversion to Natural Gas (MWh)
2014 2015 2018 2023 2028 2033
Washington Cumulative Savings (MWh)
Furnace Conversions 2,322 5,047 12,715 25,105 41,493 55,787
Water Heating Conversions 825 1,586 4,112 9,924 14,362 20,221
Total Conversions 3,148 6,633 16,827 35,028 55,855 76,009
Idaho Cumulative Savings (MWh)
Furnace Conversions 837 1,792 4,460 8,698 14,544 19,598
Water Heating Conversions 47 121 602 4,264 10,085 16,451
Total Conversions 884 1,913 5,062 12,961 24,629 36,049
Total Washington and Idaho Cumulative Savings (MWh)
Furnace Conversions 3,159 6,839 17,175 33,802 56,037 75,385
Water Heating Conversions 873 1,707 4,714 14,187 24,447 36,673
Total Conversions 4,032 8,546 21,889 47,990 80,484 112,058

Supply Curves
The project also developed supply curves for each year to support the IRP process. At Avista’s
request, the supply curves did not consider economic screening based on Avista’s avoided costs.
Instead, all measures were included and the amount of savings from each measure in each year
was limited by the ramp rates used for achievable potential. The supply curves do not include
the savings from electricity to natural gas fuel switching, discussed above.
A sample supply curve for one year is shown in Figure 4-9. This supply curve is created by
stacking measures and equipment over the 20-year planning horizon in ascending order of cost.
As expected, this stacking of conservation resources produces a traditional upward-sloping
supply curve. Because there is a gap in the cost of the energy efficiency measures as you move
up the supply curve, the measures with a very high cost cause a rapid sloping of the supply
curve. The supply curve also shows that substantial savings are available at low- or no-cost.
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Figure 4-9 Supply Curves for Evaluated EE Measures and Avoided Cost Scenarios
Note: Excludes pumping and rate class 25P.

Pumping Potential
Table 4-18 displays the 2009 electricity sales and peak demand of Avista’s pumping customers.
These customers include mostly municipal water systems and some irrigation customers. The
pumping accounts represent 2.4% of total electricity sales and 0.8% of peak demand (see Table
3-1 and Table 3-2). Because pumping represents a relatively small percentage of Avista’s total
sales, the project team decided to estimate achievable potential for pumping based on the Sixth
Plan calculator agriculture sector, option 3.9
Table 4-17 Pumping Rate Classes, Electricity Sales and Peak Demand 2009
Sector Rate Schedule (s) Number of meters
(customers)
2009 Electricity
Sales (MWh)
Peak demand
(MW)
Pumping, Washington 031, 032 2,361 135,999 10
Pumping, Idaho 031, 032 1,312 58,885 4
Pumping, Total 3,673 194,884 14
Percentage of System Total 2.4% 0.8%

The Sixth Plan Calculator estimates agricultural conservation targets based on 2007 sales. It
provides annual conservation targets through 2019. Table 4-18 displays incremental annual
savings potential for 2014–2019.

9 Available on the NWPCC website at http://www.nwcouncil.org/energy/powerplan/6/assessmentmethodology/.
$-
$0.10
$0.20
$0.30
$0.40
$0.50
$0.60
$0.70
$0.80
$0.90
$1.00
-100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Co
s
t

o
f

Co
n
s
e
v
e
d
En
e
r
g
y

(
2
0
0
9
$
/
k
W
h
)
Cumulative Savings 2020 (GWh)
Cost/kWh
Avoided Cost ($0.0489kWh)
660
Conservation Potential
4-24 www.enernoc.com
Table 4-18 Sixth Plan Calculator Agriculture Incremental Annual Potential, 2014–2019 (MWh)
Segment 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Pumping, Washington 1,402 1,835 1,856 1,835 1,814 1,794
Pumping, Idaho 618 809 818 809 799 790
Pumping, Total 2,020 2,643 2,673 2,643 2,614 2,584
Washington Potential Excluding Conversions to Natural Gas
Based on the modeling described above, Washington potential consistent with the NPCC
Conservation Plan methodology is as shown in Table 4-19.
Table 4-19 Washington Cumulative Potential Consistent with Conservation Plan Methodology
2014 2015 2018 2023
Cumulative Savings (MWh)
Residential 15,091 29,603 100,792 172,576
Commercial and Industrial 19,927 40,930 123,755 256,653
Pumping 1,402 3,237 8,742 0
Conversions to Natural Gas (3,148) (6,633) (16,827) (35,028)
Total 33,272 67,137 216,462 394,200
Cumulative Savings (aMW)
Residential 1.72 3.38 11.51 19.70
Commercial and Industrial 2.27 4.67 14.13 29.30
Pumping 0.16 0.37 1.00 0.00
Conversions to Natural Gas (0.36) (0.76) (1.92) (4.00)
Total 3.80 7.66 24.71 45.00

661

662

EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting
500 Ygnacio Valley Road, Suite 450
Walnut Creek, CA 94596
P: 925.482.2000 F: 925.284.3147
About EnerNOC
EnerNOC’s Utility Solutions Consulting team is part of EnerNOC’s Utility Solutions,
which provides a comprehensive suite of demand-side management (DSM)
services to utilities and grid operators worldwide. Hundreds of utilities have
leveraged our technology, our people, and our proven processes to make their
energy efficiency (EE) and demand response (DR) initiatives a success. Utilities
trust EnerNOC to work with them at every stage of the DSM program lifecycle –
assessing market potential, designing effective programs, implementing those
programs, and measuring program results.
EnerNOC’s Utility Solutions deliver value to our utility clients through two
separate practice areas – Implementation and Consulting.
• Our Implementation team leverages EnerNOC’s deep ―behind-the-meter
expertise‖ and world-class technology platform to help utilities create and
manage DR and EE programs that deliver reliable and cost-effective energy
savings. We focus exclusively on the commercial and industrial (C&I)
customer segments, with a track record of successful partnerships that
spans more than a decade. Through a focus on high quality, measurable
savings, EnerNOC has successfully delivered hundreds of thousands of MWh
of energy efficiency for our utility clients, and we have thousands of MW of
demand response capacity under management.
• The Consulting team provides expertise and analysis to support a broad
range of utility DSM activities, including: potential assessments; end-use
forecasts; integrated resource planning; EE, DR, and smart grid pilot and
program design and administration; load research; technology assessments
and demonstrations; evaluation, measurement and verification; and
regulatory support.
The team has decades of combined experience in the utility DSM industry. The
staff is comprised of professional electrical, mechanical, chemical, civil, industrial,
and environmental engineers as well as economists, business planners, project
managers, market researchers, load research professionals, and statisticians.
Utilities view EnerNOC’s experts as trusted advisors, and we work together
collaboratively to make any DSM initiative a success.
663

Avista Electric Conservation Potential
Assessment Study

Appendices

Report Number 1341

EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting
500 Ygnacio Valley Road
Suite 450
Walnut Creek, CA 94596
Tel: [phone]
www.enernoc.com

Prepared for:
Avista Corporation

Prepared by:
EnerNOC, Inc.

Presented on:
May 30, 2013

664
665

EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting iii

This report was prepared by
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting
500 Ygnacio Valley Blvd., Suite 450
Walnut Creek, CA 94596

Project Director: I. Rohmund
Project Manager: J. Borstein

666
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EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting v
CONTENTS
A MARKET PROFILES ............................................................................................... A-1
B RESIDENTIAL ENERGY EFFICIENCY EQUIPMENT AND MEASURE DATA .............. B-1
C C&I ENERGY EFFICIENCY EQUIPMENT AND MEASURE DATA .............................. C-1
D MARKET ADOPTION FACTORS .............................................................................. D-1
E ANNUAL SAVINGS ................................................................................................. E-1

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EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting vii
CONTENTS

LIST OF TABLES
Table A-1 Single Family Electric Market Profile, Washington 2009 .......................................... A-2
Table A-2 Multi Family Electric Market Profile, Washington 2009 ............................................ A-3
Table A-3 Mobile Home Electric Market Profile, Washington 2009 .......................................... A-4
Table A-4 Low Income Electric Market Profile, Washington 2009 ............................................ A-5
Table A-5 Single Family Electric Market Profile, Idaho 2009 ................................................... A-6
Table A-6 Multi Family Electric Market Profile, Idaho 2009 ..................................................... A-7
Table A-7 Mobile Home Electric Market Profile, Idaho 2009 ................................................... A-8
Table A-8 Low income Electric Market Profile, Idaho 2009 ..................................................... A-9
Table A-9 Small/Medium Commercial Electric Market Profile, Washington 2009 ...................... A-10
Table A-10 Large Commercial Electric Market Profile, Washington 2009 .................................. A-11
Table A-11 Extra Large Commercial Electric Market Profile, Washington 2009 .......................... A-12
Table A-12 Extra Large Industrial Electric Market Profile, Washington 2009 ............................. A-13
Table A-13 Small/Medium Commercial Electric Market Profile, Idaho 2009............................... A-14
Table A-14 Large Commercial Electric Market Profile, Idaho 2009 ........................................... A-15
Table A-15 Extra Large Commercial Electric Market Profile, Idaho 2009 .................................. A-16
Table A-16 Extra Large Industrial Electric Market Profile, Idaho 2009 ...................................... A-17
Table B-1 Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment Measure Descriptions ................................B-2
Table B-2 Residential Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Measure Descriptions .........................B-6
Table B-3 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Single Family, Existing Vintage,
Washington ........................................................................................................ B-10
Table B-4 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Single Family, New Vintage, WashingtonB-13
Table B-5 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Single Family, Existing Vintage, Idaho B-16
Table B-6 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Single Family, New Vintage, Idaho ..... B-19
Table B-7 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Multi Family, Existing Vintage, WashingtonB-22
Table B-8 Energy EfficiencyEquipment Data, Electric—Multi Family, New Vintage, Washington B-25
Table B-9 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Multi Family, Existing Vintage, Idaho .. B-28
Table B-10 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Multi Family, New Vintage, Idaho ....... B-31
Table B-11 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Mobile Home, Existing Vintage,
Washington ........................................................................................................ B-34
Table B-12 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Mobile Home, New Vintage, WashingtonB-37
Table B-13 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Mobile Home, Existing Vintage, Idaho . B-40
Table B-14 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Mobile Home, New Vintage, Idaho ...... B-43
Table B-15 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Low income, Existing Vintage, WashingtonB-46
Table B-16 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Low Income, New Vintage, WashingtonB-49
Table B-17 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Low Income, Existing Vintage, Idaho .. B-52
Table B-18 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Low income, New Vintage, Idaho ....... B-55
Table B-19 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data, Electric—Single Family, Existing Vintage,
Washington ........................................................................................................ B-58
670

viii www.enernoc.com
Table B-20 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data, Electric—Single Family, New Vintage,
Washington ........................................................................................................ B-59
Table B-21 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data, Electric—Single Family, Existing Vintage, IdahoB-60
Table B-22 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data, Electric—Single Family, New Vintage, IdahoB-61
Table B-23 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data, Electric—Multi Family, Existing Vintage,
Washington ........................................................................................................ B-62
Table B-24 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data, Electric—Multi Family, New Vintage,
Washington ........................................................................................................ B-63
Table B-25 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data, Electric—Multi Family, Existing Vintage, IdahoB-64
Table B-26 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data, Electric—Multi Family, New Vintage, Idaho B-65
Table B-27 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data, Electric—Mobile Home, Existing Vintage,
Washington ........................................................................................................ B-66
Table B-28 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data, Electric—Mobile Home, New Vintage,
Washington ........................................................................................................ B-67
Table B-29 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data, Electric—Mobile Home, Existing Vintage, IdahoB-68
Table B-30 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data, Electric—Mobile Home, New Vintage, IdahoB-69
Table B-31 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data, Electric—Low income, Existing Vintage,
Washington ........................................................................................................ B-70
Table B-32 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data, Electric—Low income, New Vintage,
Washington ........................................................................................................ B-71
Table B-33 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data, Electric—Low income, Existing Vintage, IdahoB-72
Table B-34 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data, Electric—Low income, New Vintage, Idaho B-73
Table C-1 C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment Measure Descriptions .......................................... C-2
Table C-2 Commercial and Industrial Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Measure Descriptions . C-5
Table C-3 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Small/Medium Commercial, Existing
Vintage, Washington ........................................................................................... C-11
Table C-4 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Small/Medium Commercial, New Vintage,
Washington ........................................................................................................ C-14
Table C-5 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Small/Medium Commercial, Existing Vintage, IdahoC-17
Table C-6 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric— Small/Medium Commercial, New Vintage,
Idaho ................................................................................................................. C-20
Table C-7 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Large Commercial, Existing Vintage,
Washington ........................................................................................................ C-23
Table C-8 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric— Large Commercial, New Vintage,
Washington ........................................................................................................ C-26
Table C-9 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Large Commercial, Existing Vintage, IdahoC-29
Table C-10 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric— Large Commercial, New Vintage, IdahoC-32
Table C-11 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Extra Large Commercial, Existing Vintage,
Washington ........................................................................................................ C-35
Table C-12 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric— Extra Large Commercial, New Vintage,
Washington ........................................................................................................ C-38
Table C-13 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Extra Large Commercial, Existing Vintage,
Idaho ................................................................................................................. C-41
Table C-14 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric— Extra Large Commercial, New Vintage,
Idaho ................................................................................................................. C-44
Table C-15 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Extra Large Industrial, Existing Vintage,
Washington ........................................................................................................ C-47
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EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting ix
Table C-16 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric— Extra Large Industrial, New Vintage,
Washington ........................................................................................................ C-50
Table C-17 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Extra Large Industrial, Existing Vintage,
Idaho ................................................................................................................. C-53
Table C-18 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric— Extra Large Industrial, New Vintage,
Idaho ................................................................................................................. C-56
Table C-19 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data—Small/Medium Commercial, Existing Vintage,
Washington ........................................................................................................ C-59
Table C-20 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data— Small/ Medium Commercial, New Vintage,
Washington ........................................................................................................ C-61
Table C-21 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data— Small/Medium Commercial, Existing Vintage,
Idaho ................................................................................................................. C-63
Table C-22 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data— Small/ Medium Commercial, New Vintage,
Idaho ................................................................................................................. C-65
Table C-23 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data— Large Commercial, Existing Vintage,
Washington ........................................................................................................ C-67
Table C-24 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data— Large Commercial, New Vintage, WashingtonC-69
Table C-25 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data— Large Commercial, Existing Vintage, IdahoC-71
Table C-26 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data— Large Commercial, New Vintage, Idaho ... C-73
Table C-27 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data— Extra Large Commercial, Existing Vintage,
Washington ........................................................................................................ C-75
Table C-28 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data— Extra Large Commercial, New Vintage,
Washington ........................................................................................................ C-77
Table C-29 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data— Extra Large Commercial, Existing Vintage,
Idaho ................................................................................................................. C-79
Table C-30 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data— Extra Large Commercial, New Vintage, IdahoC-81
Table C-31 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data— Extra Large Industrial, Existing Vintage,
Washington ........................................................................................................ C-83
Table C-32 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data— Extra Large Industrial, New Vintage,
Washington ........................................................................................................ C-85
Table C-33 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data— Extra Large Industrial, Existing Vintage, IdahoC-87
Table C-34 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data— Extra Large Industrial, New Vintage, IdahoC-89
Table D-1 Residential Equipment Measures—Achievable Potential Market Adoption Factors ..... D-2
Table D-2 Residential Non-Equipment Measures— Achievable Potential Market Adoption FactorsD-3
Table D-3 C/I Equipment Measures — Achievable Potential Market Adoption Factors ............... D-4
Table D-4 C/I Non-Equipment Measures — Achievable Potential Market Adoption Factors ........ D-6
Table E-1 Annual Electric Energy Savings, All Sectors (1,000 MWh) ........................................ E-1
Table E-2 Annual Electric Energy Savings, All Sectors (1,000 MWh) (continued) ...................... E-2
Table E-3 Annual Electric Energy Savings, Residential (1,000 MWh) ........................................ E-3
Table E-4 Annual Electric Energy Savings, Residential (1,000 MWh) (continued) ...................... E-4
Table E-5 Annual Electric Energy Savings, C/I (1,000 MWh) ................................................... E-5
Table E-6 Annual Electric Energy Savings, C/I (1,000 MWh) (continued) ................................. E-6

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EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting A-1
APPENDIX A
MARKET PROFILES
Market profiles describe electricity use by sector, segment, end use and technology in the base
year of the study (2009). The market profiles are given for average buildings and new vintages.
As explained in Chapter 2 of the Avista Conservation Potential Assessment (CPA) report , a
market profile includes the following elements:
Market size is a representation of the number of customers in the segment. For the
residential sector, it is number of households. In the commercial and industrial sector, it
is floor space measured in square feet.
Saturations define the fraction of buildings with the specific technologies. (e.g., homes
with electric space heating).
UEC (unit energy consumption) or EUI (energy-use index) describes the amount
of energy consumed in the base year by a specific technology in buildings that have the
technology. We use UECs expressed in kWh/household for the residential sector, and
EUIs expressed in kWh/square foot for the commercial and industrial sectors.
Intensity for the residential sector represents the average energy use for the
technology across all households in the base year. It is computed as the product of the
saturation and the UEC and is defined as kWh/household for electricity. For the
commercial and industrial sector, intensity, computed as the product of the saturation
and the EUI, represents the average use for the technology across all floor space.
Usage is the annual energy use by a technology/end use in the segment. It is the
product of the market size and intensity and is quantified in GWh for electricity.
This appendix presents the following market profiles:
Residential market profiles by housing type and state (Table A-1 through Table A-8)
C&I by rate class and state (Table A-9 through Table A-16)
674
Market Profiles
A-2 www.enernoc.com
Table A-1 Single Family Electric Market Profile, Washington 2009
Average Market Profile New Units
End Use Technology Saturation UEC
(kWh)
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
Usage
(GWh) Saturation UEC
(kWh)
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
Compared to
Average
Cooling Central AC 36.8% 1,393 513 56 66.1% 1,601 1,058 15.0%
Cooling Room AC 10.8% 512 55 6 8.7% 589 51 15.0%
Cooling Air Source Heat Pump 22.2% 833 185 20 23.3% 958 223 15.0%
Cooling Geothermal Heat Pump 0.4% 730 3 0 0.4% 840 4 15.0%
Cooling Ductless HP 0.0% 456 - - 0.0% 524 - 15.0%
Space Heating Electric Resistance 7.7% 10,302 792 86 3.8% 11,847 455 15.0%
Space Heating Electric Furnace 9.8% 11,757 1,157 126 8.9% 13,521 1,198 15.0%
Space Heating Supplemental 3.3% 117 4 0 3.3% 134 4 15.0%
Space Heating Air Source Heat Pump 22.2% 8,561 1,903 208 22.2% 9,845 2,188 15.0%
Space Heating Geothermal Heat Pump 0.4% 4,833 20 2 0.4% 5,558 23 15.0%
Space Heating Ductless HP 0.0% 4,000 - - 0.0% 4,600 - 15.0%
Water Heating Water Heater <= 55 Gal 53.2% 4,031 2,143 234 48.6% 3,684 1,790 -8.6%
Water Heating Water Heater > 55 Gal 5.6% 4,552 257 28 5.2% 4,157 214 -8.7%
Interior Lighting Screw-in 100.0% 1,295 1,295 141 100.0% 1,425 1,425 10.0%
Interior Lighting Linear Fluorescent 100.0% 128 128 14 100.0% 141 141 10.0%
Interior Lighting Specialty 100.0% 356 356 39 100.0% 409 409 15.0%
Exterior Lighting Screw-in 100.0% 363 363 40 100.0% 400 400 10.0%
Appliances Clothes Washer 98.0% 126 124 13 99.8% 95 94 -25.0%
Appliances Clothes Dryer 92.8% 549 509 56 97.4% 466 454 -15.0%
Appliances Dishwasher 93.9% 434 407 44 98.6% 369 364 -15.0%
Appliances Refrigerator 100.0% 793 793 87 100.0% 539 539 -32.0%
Appliances Freezer 59.9% 881 528 58 69.4% 554 384 -37.1%
Appliances Second Refrigerator 31.3% 1,083 339 37 31.3% 693 217 -36.0%
Appliances Stove 85.1% 443 377 41 82.1% 443 364 0.0%
Appliances Microwave 98.5% 130 128 14 98.5% 134 132 3.0%
Electronics Personal Computers 140.0% 227 317 35 154.0% 227 349 0.0%
Electronics TVs 234.0% 240 562 61 245.7% 240 590 0.0%
Electronics Set-top boxes/DVR 171.7% 136 234 26 188.8% 136 257 0.0%
Electronics Devices and Gadgets 100.0% 60 60 7 105.0% 67 70 10.0%
Miscellaneous Pool Pump 5.0% 1,500 75 8 5.3% 1,526 80 1.7%
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan 59.4% 622 370 40 62.4% 622 388 0.0%
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous 100.0% 549 549 60 100.0% 604 604 10.0%
Total 14,547 1,588 14,471 -0.5%

675
Market Profiles
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting A-3
Table A-2 Multi Family Electric Market Profile, Washington 2009
Average Market Profile New Units
End Use Technology Saturation UEC
(kWh)
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
Usage
(GWh) Saturation UEC
(kWh)
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
Compared to
Average
Cooling Central AC 5.0% 464 23 0 15.0% 534 80 15.0%
Cooling Room AC 25.0% 355 89 2 18.9% 409 77 15.0%
Cooling Air Source Heat Pump 1.0% 429 4 0 1.1% 493 5 15.0%
Cooling Geothermal Heat Pump 0.0% 444 - - 0.2% 511 1 15.0%
Cooling Ductless HP 0.0% 229 - - 0.0% 263 - 15.0%
Space Heating Electric Resistance 59.0% 5,180 3,056 56 47.2% 5,957 2,812 15.0%
Space Heating Electric Furnace 5.0% 5,162 258 5 6.0% 5,936 356 15.0%
Space Heating Supplemental 18.0% 61 11 0 18.0% 70 13 15.0%
Space Heating Air Source Heat Pump 1.0% 3,220 32 1 1.0% 3,703 37 15.0%
Space Heating Geothermal Heat Pump 0.0% 2,898 - - 0.0% 3,333 - 15.0%
Space Heating Ductless HP 0.0% 2,011 - - 0.0% 2,313 - 15.0%
Water Heating Water Heater <= 55 Gal 77.0% 2,142 1,650 30 75.0% 1,958 1,469 -8.6%
Water Heating Water Heater > 55 Gal 0.0% 3,142 - - 0.0% 2,870 - -8.7%
Interior Lighting Screw-in 100.0% 784 784 14 100.0% 863 863 10.0%
Interior Lighting Linear Fluorescent 100.0% 89 89 2 100.0% 98 98 10.0%
Interior Lighting Specialty 100.0% 143 143 3 100.0% 164 164 15.0%
Exterior Lighting Screw-in 100.0% 21 21 0 100.0% 23 23 10.0%
Appliances Clothes Washer 32.0% 101 32 1 48.0% 76 36 -25.0%
Appliances Clothes Dryer 30.7% 439 135 2 46.1% 373 172 -15.0%
Appliances Dishwasher 64.0% 347 222 4 96.0% 295 283 -15.0%
Appliances Refrigerator 100.0% 634 634 12 100.0% 431 431 -32.0%
Appliances Freezer 8.4% 705 59 1 8.9% 443 39 -37.1%
Appliances Second Refrigerator 5.0% 866 43 1 5.0% 554 28 -36.0%
Appliances Stove 96.4% 354 342 6 96.4% 354 342 0.0%
Appliances Microwave 90.0% 104 94 2 90.0% 107 96 3.0%
Electronics Personal Computers 63.0% 181 114 2 69.3% 181 126 0.0%
Electronics TVs 165.0% 216 357 7 173.3% 216 375 0.0%
Electronics Set-top boxes/DVR 154.5% 136 211 4 170.0% 136 232 0.0%
Electronics Devices and Gadgets 100.0% 54 54 1 105.0% 60 63 10.0%
Miscellaneous Pool Pump 0.0% 1,500 - - 0.0% 1,526 - 1.7%
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan 13.0% 498 65 1 13.7% 498 68 0.0%
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous 100.0% 206 206 4 100.0% 226 226 10.0%
Total 8,728 159 8,514 -2.5%

676
Market Profiles
A-4 www.enernoc.com
Table A-3 Mobile Home Electric Market Profile, Washington 2009
Average Market Profile New Units
End Use Technology Saturation UEC
(kWh)
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
Usage
(GWh) Saturation UEC
(kWh)
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
Compared to
Average
Cooling Central AC 23.2% 553 128 1 39.4% 594 234 7.5%
Cooling Room AC 23.2% 305 71 0 22.0% 328 72 7.5%
Cooling Air Source Heat Pump 21.7% 361 79 0 22.8% 388 89 7.5%
Cooling Geothermal Heat Pump 0.0% 325 - - 0.0% 349 - 7.5%
Cooling Ductless HP 0.0% 302 - - 0.0% 324 - 7.5%
Space Heating Electric Resistance 1.2% 6,823 81 0 1.1% 7,335 83 7.5%
Space Heating Electric Furnace 57.6% 7,321 4,214 22 57.6% 7,870 4,530 7.5%
Space Heating Supplemental 1.4% 3,780 54 0 1.5% 4,064 61 7.5%
Space Heating Air Source Heat Pump 21.7% 4,667 1,015 5 22.8% 5,017 1,146 7.5%
Space Heating Geothermal Heat Pump 0.0% 4,200 - - 0.2% 4,515 9 7.5%
Space Heating Ductless HP 0.0% 2,649 - - 0.0% 2,848 - 7.5%
Water Heating Water Heater <= 55 Gal 75.6% 2,620 1,980 10 75.6% 2,508 1,895 -4.3%
Water Heating Water Heater > 55 Gal 0.0% 2,959 - - 0.0% 2,831 - -4.3%
Interior Lighting Screw-in 100.0% 1,010 1,010 5 100.0% 1,061 1,061 5.0%
Interior Lighting Linear Fluorescent 100.0% 100 100 1 100.0% 105 105 5.0%
Interior Lighting Specialty 100.0% 278 278 1 100.0% 298 298 7.5%
Exterior Lighting Screw-in 100.0% 283 283 1 100.0% 298 298 5.0%
Appliances Clothes Washer 86.7% 98 85 0 86.7% 86 75 -12.5%
Appliances Clothes Dryer 88.9% 428 380 2 88.9% 396 352 -7.5%
Appliances Dishwasher 80.1% 338 271 1 84.1% 313 263 -7.5%
Appliances Refrigerator 100.0% 618 618 3 100.0% 520 520 -16.0%
Appliances Freezer 53.3% 687 366 2 53.3% 559 298 -18.6%
Appliances Second Refrigerator 17.6% 845 148 1 17.6% 693 122 -18.0%
Appliances Stove 84.5% 345 292 2 84.5% 345 292 0.0%
Appliances Microwave 93.6% 101 95 0 93.6% 103 96 1.5%
Electronics Personal Computers 104.8% 193 202 1 110.1% 193 212 0.0%
Electronics TVs 234.0% 204 478 3 234.0% 204 478 0.0%
Electronics Set-top boxes/DVR 154.5% 116 179 1 170.0% 116 197 0.0%
Electronics Devices and Gadgets 100.0% 51 51 0 100.0% 54 54 5.0%
Miscellaneous Pool Pump 5.6% 1,125 63 0 5.8% 1,135 66 0.8%
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan 63.3% 467 296 2 63.3% 467 296 0.0%
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous 100.0% 274 274 1 100.0% 288 288 5.0%
Total 13,092 69 13,488 3.0%

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EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting A-5
Table A-4 Low Income Electric Market Profile, Washington 2009
Average Market Profile New Units
End Use Technology Saturation UEC
(kWh)
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
Usage
(GWh) Saturation UEC
(kWh)
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
Compared to
Average
Cooling Central AC 22.2% 591 131 9 28.7% 635 182 7.5%
Cooling Room AC 35.4% 289 102 7 18.0% 311 56 7.5%
Cooling Air Source Heat Pump 10.4% 467 49 3 10.4% 502 52 7.5%
Cooling Geothermal Heat Pump 0.0% 437 - - 0.5% 470 2 7.5%
Cooling Ductless HP 0.0% 262 - - 0.0% 281 - 7.5%
Space Heating Electric Resistance 32.0% 5,914 1,891 128 28.8% 6,358 1,830 7.5%
Space Heating Electric Furnace 9.9% 6,413 637 43 8.9% 6,894 614 7.5%
Space Heating Supplemental 12.7% 364 46 3 13.4% 392 52 7.5%
Space Heating Air Source Heat Pump 10.4% 4,401 459 31 10.4% 4,731 493 7.5%
Space Heating Geothermal Heat Pump 0.0% 3,042 - - 0.0% 3,270 - 7.5%
Space Heating Ductless HP 0.0% 2,296 - - 0.0% 2,468 - 7.5%
Water Heating Water Heater <= 55 Gal 83.9% 2,357 1,977 133 83.9% 2,255 1,892 -4.3%
Water Heating Water Heater > 55 Gal 0.0% 2,950 - - 0.0% 2,822 - -4.3%
Interior Lighting Screw-in 100.0% 758 758 51 100.0% 796 796 5.0%
Interior Lighting Linear Fluorescent 100.0% 79 79 5 100.0% 83 83 5.0%
Interior Lighting Specialty 100.0% 181 181 12 100.0% 195 195 7.5%
Exterior Lighting Screw-in 100.0% 138 138 9 100.0% 145 145 5.0%
Appliances Clothes Washer 71.3% 89 63 4 78.4% 78 61 -12.5%
Appliances Clothes Dryer 68.6% 385 264 18 75.4% 356 269 -7.5%
Appliances Dishwasher 78.5% 305 239 16 86.3% 282 243 -7.5%
Appliances Refrigerator 100.0% 557 557 38 100.0% 468 468 -16.0%
Appliances Freezer 63.0% 619 390 26 63.0% 504 317 -18.6%
Appliances Second Refrigerator 23.4% 761 178 12 23.4% 624 146 -18.0%
Appliances Stove 89.7% 311 279 19 89.7% 311 279 0.0%
Appliances Microwave 92.6% 91 85 6 92.6% 93 86 1.5%
Electronics Personal Computers 101.4% 160 163 11 106.5% 160 171 0.0%
Electronics TVs 165.0% 180 297 20 165.0% 180 297 0.0%
Electronics Set-top boxes/DVR 128.8% 107 138 9 141.6% 107 152 0.0%
Electronics Devices and Gadgets 100.0% 45 45 3 105.0% 48 50 5.0%
Miscellaneous Pool Pump 2.3% 1,170 27 2 2.3% 1,180 27 0.8%
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan 25.2% 436 110 7 25.2% 436 110 0.0%
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous 100.0% 140 140 9 100.0% 147 147 5.0%
Total 9,424 636 9,215 -2.2%

678
Market Profiles
A-6 www.enernoc.com
Table A-5 Single Family Electric Market Profile, Idaho 2009
Average Market Profile New Units
End Use Technology Saturation UEC
(kWh)
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
Usage
(GWh) Saturation UEC
(kWh)
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
Compared to
Average
Cooling Central AC 23.2% 1,253 291 17 66.1% 1,441 952 15.0%
Cooling Room AC 10.8% 461 50 3 8.7% 530 46 15.0%
Cooling Air Source Heat Pump 14.6% 750 109 6 15.3% 862 132 15.0%
Cooling Geothermal Heat Pump 1.2% 657 8 0 0.8% 756 6 15.0%
Cooling Ductless HP 0.0% 478 - - 0.0% 550 - 15.0%
Space Heating Electric Resistance 13.3% 10,817 1,436 85 6.6% 12,440 825 15.0%
Space Heating Electric Furnace 5.5% 12,345 679 40 4.9% 14,197 702 15.0%
Space Heating Supplemental 4.4% 111 5 0 4.4% 128 6 15.0%
Space Heating Air Source Heat Pump 14.6% 8,989 1,310 78 14.6% 10,338 1,506 15.0%
Space Heating Geothermal Heat Pump 1.2% 5,075 58 3 1.2% 5,836 67 15.0%
Space Heating Ductless HP 0.0% 4,200 - - 0.0% 4,830 - 15.0%
Water Heating Water Heater <= 55 Gal 46.4% 4,233 1,962 116 42.4% 3,869 1,639 -8.6%
Water Heating Water Heater > 55 Gal 5.6% 4,779 270 16 5.2% 4,365 225 -8.7%
Interior Lighting Screw-in 100.0% 1,360 1,360 81 100.0% 1,496 1,496 10.0%
Interior Lighting Linear Fluorescent 100.0% 134 134 8 100.0% 148 148 10.0%
Interior Lighting Specialty 100.0% 374 374 22 100.0% 430 430 15.0%
Exterior Lighting Screw-in 100.0% 381 381 23 100.0% 420 420 10.0%
Appliances Clothes Washer 98.0% 126 124 7 99.8% 95 94 -25.0%
Appliances Clothes Dryer 92.8% 549 509 30 97.4% 466 454 -15.0%
Appliances Dishwasher 93.9% 434 407 24 98.6% 369 364 -15.0%
Appliances Refrigerator 100.0% 793 793 47 100.0% 539 539 -32.0%
Appliances Freezer 59.8% 881 527 31 69.4% 554 384 -37.1%
Appliances Second Refrigerator 24.8% 1,083 269 16 24.8% 693 172 -36.0%
Appliances Stove 74.8% 443 331 20 82.1% 487 400 10.0%
Appliances Microwave 98.5% 130 128 8 98.5% 134 132 3.0%
Electronics Personal Computers 140.0% 227 317 19 154.0% 227 349 0.0%
Electronics TVs 231.0% 240 555 33 242.6% 240 583 0.0%
Electronics Set-top boxes/DVR 153.5% 136 209 12 168.9% 136 230 0.0%
Electronics Devices and Gadgets 100.0% 60 60 4 105.0% 67 70 10.0%
Miscellaneous Pool Pump 7.0% 1,500 105 6 7.4% 1,526 112 1.7%
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan 54.9% 654 359 21 57.7% 654 377 0.0%
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous 100.0% 584 584 35 100.0% 642 642 10.0%
Total 1,253 13,703 811 13,502 -1.5%

679
Market Profiles
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting A-7
Table A-6 Multi Family Electric Market Profile, Idaho 2009
Average Market Profile New Units
End Use Technology Saturation UEC
(kWh)
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
Usage
(GWh) Saturation UEC
(kWh)
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
Compared to
Average
Cooling Central AC 5.0% 395 20 0 15.0% 454 68 15.0%
Cooling Room AC 25.0% 302 75 0 18.9% 347 66 15.0%
Cooling Air Source Heat Pump 1.0% 365 4 0 1.1% 419 4 15.0%
Cooling Geothermal Heat Pump 0.0% 377 - - 0.2% 434 1 15.0%
Cooling Ductless HP 0.0% 215 - - 0.0% 248 - 15.0%
Space Heating Electric Resistance 59.0% 4,869 2,873 15 47.2% 5,599 2,643 15.0%
Space Heating Electric Furnace 5.0% 4,852 243 1 6.0% 5,580 335 15.0%
Space Heating Supplemental 18.0% 58 10 0 18.0% 66 12 15.0%
Space Heating Air Source Heat Pump 1.0% 3,027 30 0 1.0% 3,481 35 15.0%
Space Heating Geothermal Heat Pump 0.0% 2,724 - - 0.0% 3,133 - 15.0%
Space Heating Ductless HP 0.0% 1,890 - - 0.0% 2,174 - 15.0%
Water Heating Water Heater <= 55 Gal 77.0% 2,014 1,551 8 75.0% 1,841 1,380 -8.6%
Water Heating Water Heater > 55 Gal 0.0% 2,954 - - 0.0% 2,698 - -8.7%
Interior Lighting Screw-in 100.0% 737 737 4 100.0% 811 811 10.0%
Interior Lighting Linear Fluorescent 100.0% 84 84 0 100.0% 92 92 10.0%
Interior Lighting Specialty 100.0% 134 134 1 100.0% 154 154 15.0%
Exterior Lighting Screw-in 100.0% 20 20 0 100.0% 22 22 10.0%
Appliances Clothes Washer 32.0% 95 30 0 48.0% 71 34 -25.0%
Appliances Clothes Dryer 30.7% 412 127 1 46.1% 351 161 -15.0%
Appliances Dishwasher 64.0% 326 209 1 96.0% 277 266 -15.0%
Appliances Refrigerator 100.0% 596 596 3 100.0% 405 405 -32.0%
Appliances Freezer 8.4% 662 56 0 8.9% 416 37 -37.1%
Appliances Second Refrigerator 5.0% 814 41 0 5.0% 521 26 -36.0%
Appliances Stove 96.4% 333 321 2 96.4% 333 321 0.0%
Appliances Microwave 90.0% 98 88 0 90.0% 101 91 3.0%
Electronics Personal Computers 63.0% 170 107 1 69.3% 170 118 0.0%
Electronics TVs 165.0% 203 335 2 173.3% 203 352 0.0%
Electronics Set-top boxes/DVR 154.5% 128 198 1 170.0% 128 218 0.0%
Electronics Devices and Gadgets 100.0% 51 51 0 105.0% 56 59 10.0%
Miscellaneous Pool Pump 0.0% 1,410 - - 0.0% 1,434 - 1.7%
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan 13.0% 468 61 0 13.7% 468 64 0.0%
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous 100.0% 213 213 1 100.0% 234 234 10.0%
Total 8,213 43 8,010 -2.5%

680
Market Profiles
A-8 www.enernoc.com
Table A-7 Mobile Home Electric Market Profile, Idaho 2009
Average Market Profile New Units
End Use Technology Saturation UEC
(kWh)
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
Usage
(GWh) Saturation UEC
(kWh)
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
Compared to
Average
Cooling Central AC 23.2% 475 110 1 39.4% 511 201 7.5%
Cooling Room AC 23.2% 262 61 0 22.0% 282 62 7.5%
Cooling Air Source Heat Pump 21.7% 311 68 0 22.8% 334 76 7.5%
Cooling Geothermal Heat Pump 0.0% 280 - - 0.0% 300 - 7.5%
Cooling Ductless HP 0.0% 285 - - 0.0% 307 - 7.5%
Space Heating Electric Resistance 1.2% 6,448 77 0 1.1% 6,931 78 7.5%
Space Heating Electric Furnace 57.6% 6,918 3,982 19 57.6% 7,437 4,281 7.5%
Space Heating Supplemental 1.4% 3,572 51 0 1.5% 3,840 58 7.5%
Space Heating Air Source Heat Pump 21.7% 4,410 959 5 22.8% 4,741 1,083 7.5%
Space Heating Geothermal Heat Pump 0.0% 3,969 - - 0.0% 4,267 - 7.5%
Space Heating Ductless HP 0.0% 2,503 - - 0.0% 2,691 - 7.5%
Water Heating Water Heater <= 55 Gal 75.6% 2,476 1,871 9 75.6% 2,370 1,791 -4.3%
Water Heating Water Heater > 55 Gal 0.0% 2,796 - - 0.0% 2,675 - -4.3%
Interior Lighting Screw-in 100.0% 955 955 5 100.0% 1,003 1,003 5.0%
Interior Lighting Linear Fluorescent 100.0% 94 94 0 100.0% 99 99 5.0%
Interior Lighting Specialty 100.0% 262 262 1 100.0% 282 282 7.5%
Exterior Lighting Screw-in 100.0% 268 268 1 100.0% 281 281 5.0%
Appliances Clothes Washer 86.7% 93 81 0 86.7% 81 71 -12.5%
Appliances Clothes Dryer 88.9% 404 359 2 88.9% 374 332 -7.5%
Appliances Dishwasher 80.1% 320 256 1 84.1% 296 249 -7.5%
Appliances Refrigerator 100.0% 584 584 3 100.0% 491 491 -16.0%
Appliances Freezer 53.3% 649 346 2 53.3% 529 282 -18.6%
Appliances Second Refrigerator 17.6% 798 140 1 17.6% 655 115 -18.0%
Appliances Stove 84.5% 326 276 1 84.5% 326 276 0.0%
Appliances Microwave 93.6% 96 90 0 93.6% 97 91 1.5%
Electronics Personal Computers 104.8% 182 191 1 110.1% 182 200 0.0%
Electronics TVs 234.0% 193 452 2 234.0% 193 452 0.0%
Electronics Set-top boxes/DVR 154.5% 110 169 1 170.0% 110 186 0.0%
Electronics Devices and Gadgets 100.0% 49 49 0 100.0% 51 51 5.0%
Miscellaneous Pool Pump 5.6% 1,063 59 0 5.8% 1,072 63 0.8%
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan 63.3% 441 279 1 63.3% 441 279 0.0%
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous 100.0% 230 230 1 100.0% 242 242 5.0%
Total 12,320 59 12,674 2.9%

681
Market Profiles
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting A-9
Table A-8 Low income Electric Market Profile, Idaho 2009
Average Market Profile New Units
End Use Technology Saturation UEC
(kWh)
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
Usage
(GWh) Saturation UEC
(kWh)
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
Compared to
Average
Cooling Central AC 22.2% 414 92 3 28.7% 445 128 7.5%
Cooling Room AC 35.4% 202 72 2 18.0% 218 39 7.5%
Cooling Air Source Heat Pump 10.4% 327 34 1 10.4% 351 37 7.5%
Cooling Geothermal Heat Pump 0.0% 306 - - 0.5% 329 2 7.5%
Cooling Ductless HP 0.0% 249 - - 0.0% 267 - 7.5%
Space Heating Electric Resistance 32.0% 5,619 1,797 55 28.8% 6,040 1,738 7.5%
Space Heating Electric Furnace 11.2% 6,092 680 21 10.0% 6,549 655 7.5%
Space Heating Supplemental 12.7% 346 44 1 13.4% 372 50 7.5%
Space Heating Air Source Heat Pump 10.4% 4,181 436 13 10.4% 4,494 468 7.5%
Space Heating Geothermal Heat Pump 0.0% 2,890 - - 0.0% 3,107 - 7.5%
Space Heating Ductless HP 0.0% 2,181 - - 0.0% 2,345 - 7.5%
Water Heating Water Heater <= 55 Gal 83.9% 2,203 1,848 56 83.9% 2,109 1,769 -4.3%
Water Heating Water Heater > 55 Gal 0.0% 2,758 - - 0.0% 2,639 - -4.3%
Interior Lighting Screw-in 100.0% 709 709 22 100.0% 745 745 5.0%
Interior Lighting Linear Fluorescent 100.0% 74 74 2 100.0% 78 78 5.0%
Interior Lighting Specialty 100.0% 169 169 5 100.0% 182 182 7.5%
Exterior Lighting Screw-in 100.0% 129 129 4 100.0% 136 136 5.0%
Appliances Clothes Washer 71.3% 83 59 2 78.4% 72 57 -12.5%
Appliances Clothes Dryer 68.6% 360 247 7 75.4% 333 251 -7.5%
Appliances Dishwasher 78.5% 285 224 7 86.3% 263 227 -7.5%
Appliances Refrigerator 100.0% 521 521 16 100.0% 437 437 -16.0%
Appliances Freezer 63.0% 578 364 11 63.0% 471 297 -18.6%
Appliances Second Refrigerator 23.4% 711 167 5 23.4% 583 137 -18.0%
Appliances Stove 89.7% 291 261 8 89.7% 291 261 0.0%
Appliances Microwave 92.6% 85 79 2 92.6% 87 80 1.5%
Electronics Personal Computers 101.4% 150 152 5 106.5% 150 160 0.0%
Electronics TVs 165.0% 168 277 8 165.0% 168 277 0.0%
Electronics Set-top boxes/DVR 128.8% 100 129 4 141.6% 100 142 0.0%
Electronics Devices and Gadgets 100.0% 42 42 1 105.0% 44 47 5.0%
Miscellaneous Pool Pump 2.3% 1,094 25 1 2.3% 1,103 25 0.8%
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan 25.2% 407 103 3 25.2% 407 103 0.0%
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous 100.0% 133 133 4 100.0% 140 140 5.0%
Total 8,868 269 8,666 -2.3%

682
Market Profiles
A-10 www.enernoc.com
Table A-9 Small/Medium Commercial Electric Market Profile, Washington 2009
Average Market Profile New Units
End Use Technology Saturation UEC
(kWh)
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
Usage
(GWh) Saturation UEC
(kWh)
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
Compared to
Average
Cooling Central Chiller 13.8% 2 0 8 13.8% 2 0 -13.6%
Cooling RTU 63.1% 2 2 37 63.1% 2 1 -15.9%
Cooling Heat Pump 3.6% 5 0 4 3.6% 4 0 -15.9%
Space Heating Electric Resistance 5.9% 7 0 9 5.9% 6 0 -5.0%
Space Heating Furnace 17.7% 7 1 30 17.7% 7 1 -5.0%
Space Heating Heat Pump 3.6% 4 0 3 3.6% 3 0 -6.8%
Ventilation Ventilation 76.9% 2 2 38 76.9% 2 1 -14.8%
Interior Lighting Interior Screw-in 100.0% 1 1 24 100.0% 1 1 -1.2%
Interior Lighting High Bay Fixtures 100.0% 1 1 16 100.0% 1 1 -20.0%
Interior Lighting Linear Fluorescent 100.0% 3 3 80 100.0% 3 3 -12.7%
Exterior Lighting Exterior Screw-in 100.0% 0 0 4 100.0% 0 0 -26.0%
Exterior Lighting HID 100.0% 1 1 18 100.0% 1 1 -26.4%
Water Heating Water Heater 63.0% 2 1 30 63.0% 2 1 -6.0%
Food Preparation Fryer 25.8% 0 0 1 30.8% 0 0 -0.6%
Food Preparation Oven 25.8% 1 0 6 35.8% 1 0 -1.2%
Food Preparation Dishwasher 25.8% 0 0 0 35.8% 0 0 -24.1%
Food Preparation Hot Food Container 25.8% 0 0 2 35.8% 0 0 -20.0%
Food Preparation Food Prep 25.8% 0 0 0 35.8% 0 0 -20.0%
Refrigeration Walk in Refrigeration 52.4% - - - 62.4% - - 0.0%
Refrigeration Glass Door Display 52.4% 0 0 6 57.4% 0 0 -8.8%
Refrigeration Reach-in Refrigerator 52.4% 1 0 6 57.4% 0 0 -30.0%
Refrigeration Open Display Case 52.4% 0 0 1 57.4% 0 0 -8.4%
Refrigeration Vending Machine 52.4% 0 0 4 57.4% 0 0 -12.8%
Refrigeration Icemaker 52.4% 0 0 4 57.4% 0 0 -11.9%
Office Equipment Desktop Computer 99.9% 0 0 11 104.9% 0 1 -0.7%
Office Equipment Laptop Computer 99.9% 0 0 1 104.9% 0 0 -0.7%
Office Equipment Server 99.9% 0 0 9 104.9% 0 0 -4.7%
Office Equipment Monitor 99.9% 0 0 6 104.9% 0 0 -2.8%
Office Equipment Printer/copier/fax 99.9% 0 0 6 104.9% 0 0 -6.1%
Office Equipment POS Terminal 99.9% 0 0 7 104.9% 0 0 -15.6%
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor 40.2% 1 0 12 40.2% 1 1 5.1%
Miscellaneous Other Miscellaneous 100.0% 1 1 34 100.0% 2 2 20.0%
Total 18 416 16 -6.9%
683
Market Profiles
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting A-11
Table A-10 Large Commercial Electric Market Profile, Washington 2009
Average Market Profile New Units
End Use Technology Saturation UEC
(kWh)
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
Usage
(GWh) Saturation UEC
(kWh)
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
Compared to
Average
Cooling Central Chiller 24.7% 2 1 49 24.7% 2 0 -16.9%
Cooling RTU 37.8% 3 1 89 37.8% 2 1 -17.4%
Cooling Heat Pump 9.1% 4 0 30 9.1% 3 0 -16.9%
Space Heating Electric Resistance 5.9% 4 0 20 5.9% 3 0 -12.6%
Space Heating Furnace 12.7% 5 1 55 12.7% 4 1 -12.6%
Space Heating Heat Pump 9.1% 2 0 20 9.1% 2 0 -3.5%
Ventilation Ventilation 75.1% 2 1 116 75.1% 1 1 -14.8%
Interior Lighting Interior Screw-in 100.0% 1 1 88 100.0% 1 1 -1.4%
Interior Lighting High Bay Fixtures 100.0% 1 1 66 100.0% 1 1 -20.0%
Interior Lighting Linear Fluorescent 100.0% 3 3 307 100.0% 3 3 -13.6%
Exterior Lighting Exterior Screw-in 100.0% 0 0 9 100.0% 0 0 -18.1%
Exterior Lighting HID 100.0% 1 1 65 100.0% 1 1 -26.4%
Water Heating Water Heater 54.2% 2 1 117 54.2% 2 1 -4.0%
Food Preparation Fryer 18.4% 0 0 6 23.4% 0 0 -0.6%
Food Preparation Oven 18.4% 2 0 32 28.4% 2 1 -1.2%
Food Preparation Dishwasher 18.4% 0 0 3 28.4% 0 0 -24.1%
Food Preparation Hot Food Container 18.4% 0 0 5 28.4% 0 0 -39.9%
Food Preparation Food Prep 18.4% 0 0 0 28.4% 0 0 -20.0%
Refrigeration Walk in Refrigeration 39.1% 0 0 17 49.1% 0 0 -30.0%
Refrigeration Glass Door Display 39.1% 0 0 13 44.1% 0 0 -9.7%
Refrigeration Reach-in Refrigerator 39.1% 1 0 28 44.1% 1 0 -30.0%
Refrigeration Open Display Case 39.1% 0 0 10 44.1% 0 0 -9.3%
Refrigeration Vending Machine 39.1% 0 0 13 44.1% 0 0 -12.8%
Refrigeration Icemaker 39.1% 1 0 24 44.1% 1 0 -12.2%
Office Equipment Desktop Computer 98.4% 1 1 82 103.4% 1 1 -0.7%
Office Equipment Laptop Computer 98.4% 0 0 6 103.4% 0 0 -0.7%
Office Equipment Server 98.4% 0 0 38 103.4% 0 0 -4.7%
Office Equipment Monitor 98.4% 0 0 19 103.4% 0 0 -2.8%
Office Equipment Printer/copier/fax 98.4% 0 0 19 103.4% 0 0 -6.1%
Office Equipment POS Terminal 98.4% 0 0 6 103.4% 0 0 -15.6%
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor 57.7% 1 1 75 57.7% 1 1 5.1%
Miscellaneous Other Miscellaneous 100.0% 1 1 127 100.0% 2 2 10.0%
Total 17 1,557 16 -6.8%

684
Market Profiles
A-12 www.enernoc.com
Table A-11 Extra Large Commercial Electric Market Profile, Washington 2009
Average Market Profile New Units
End Use Technology Saturation UEC
(kWh)
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
Usage
(GWh) Saturation UEC
(kWh)
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
Compared to
Average
Cooling Central Chiller 52.2% 2 1 21 52.2% 2 1 -14.7%
Cooling RTU 24.7% 2 1 10 24.7% 2 0 -16.7%
Cooling Heat Pump 4.4% 2 0 2 4.4% 2 0 -26.2%
Space Heating Electric Resistance 15.8% 4 1 13 15.8% 4 1 -13.1%
Space Heating Furnace 5.6% 6 0 6 5.6% 5 0 -13.1%
Space Heating Heat Pump 90.2% 2 2 33 90.2% 2 2 -12.1%
Ventilation Ventilation 100.0% 1 1 26 100.0% 1 1 -2.7%
Interior Lighting Interior Screw-in 100.0% 0 0 6 100.0% 0 0 -20.0%
Interior Lighting High Bay Fixtures 100.0% 2 2 42 100.0% 2 2 -8.3%
Interior Lighting Linear Fluorescent 100.0% 0 0 1 100.0% 0 0 -51.9%
Exterior Lighting Exterior Screw-in 100.0% 1 1 17 100.0% 1 1 -26.4%
Exterior Lighting HID 26.3% 4 1 19 26.3% 4 1 -2.0%
Water Heating Water Heater 13.8% 0 0 0 18.8% 0 0 -0.6%
Food Preparation Fryer 13.8% 2 0 6 23.8% 2 0 -1.2%
Food Preparation Oven 13.8% 0 0 0 23.8% 0 0 -24.1%
Food Preparation Dishwasher 13.8% 0 0 0 23.8% 0 0 -39.9%
Food Preparation Hot Food Container 13.8% 0 0 0 23.8% 0 0 0.0%
Food Preparation Food Prep 26.6% 0 0 1 36.6% 0 0 -30.0%
Refrigeration Walk in Refrigeration 26.6% 0 0 1 31.6% 0 0 -9.7%
Refrigeration Glass Door Display 26.6% 1 0 4 31.6% 0 0 -30.0%
Refrigeration Reach-in Refrigerator 26.6% 0 0 3 31.6% 0 0 -9.3%
Refrigeration Open Display Case 26.6% 0 0 2 31.6% 0 0 -27.9%
Refrigeration Vending Machine 26.6% 0 0 2 31.6% 0 0 -11.4%
Refrigeration Icemaker 100.0% 1 1 12 105.0% 1 1 -0.7%
Office Equipment Desktop Computer 100.0% 0 0 1 105.0% 0 0 -0.7%
Office Equipment Laptop Computer 100.0% 0 0 3 105.0% 0 0 -4.7%
Office Equipment Server 100.0% 0 0 2 105.0% 0 0 -2.8%
Office Equipment Monitor 100.0% 0 0 1 105.0% 0 0 -6.1%
Office Equipment Printer/copier/fax 100.0% 0 0 0 105.0% 0 0 -15.6%
Office Equipment POS Terminal 88.8% 1 1 14 88.8% 1 1 5.1%
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor 100.0% 1 1 15 100.0% 1 1 10.0%
Miscellaneous Other Miscellaneous 4.4% 3 0 3 4.4% 3 0 -3.1%
Total 14 266 13 -6.0%
685
Market Profiles
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting A-13
Table A-12 Extra Large Industrial Electric Market Profile, Washington 2009
Average Market Profile New Units
End Use Technology Saturation UEC
(kWh)
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
Usage
(GWh) Saturation UEC
(kWh)
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
Compared to
Average
Cooling Central Chiller 14.4% 8 1 18 14.4% 7 1 -11.7%
Cooling RTU 17.1% 6 1 17 17.1% 6 1 -12.3%
Cooling Heat Pump 2.7% 5 0 2 2.7% 4 0 -20.9%
Space Heating Electric Resistance 10.8% 9 1 14 10.8% 8 1 -5.0%
Space Heating Furnace 2.0% 9 0 3 2.0% 9 0 0.0%
Space Heating Heat Pump 2.7% 4 0 2 2.7% 4 0 -4.9%
Ventilation Ventilation 27.4% 12 3 52 27.4% 10 3 -15.0%
Interior Lighting Interior Screw-in 100.0% 0 0 5 100.0% 0 0 -5.0%
Interior Lighting High Bay Fixtures 100.0% 1 1 16 100.0% 1 1 -12.7%
Interior Lighting Linear Fluorescent 100.0% 1 1 17 100.0% 1 1 -26.0%
Exterior Lighting Exterior Screw-in 100.0% 0 0 0 100.0% 0 0 -26.4%
Exterior Lighting HID 100.0% 0 0 4 100.0% 0 0 -26.4%
Process Process Cooling/Refrigeration 2.4% 100 2 37 2.5% 100 3 0.0%
Process Process Heating 26.2% 14 4 55 27.5% 14 4 0.0%
Process Electrochemical Process 2.6% 77 2 31 2.7% 77 2 0.0%
Machine Drive Less than 5 HP 90.5% 1 1 13 95.0% 1 1 0.0%
Machine Drive 5-24 HP 80.1% 2 2 28 84.1% 2 2 0.0%
Machine Drive 25-99 HP 72.4% 6 4 68 76.0% 6 5 0.0%
Machine Drive 100-249 HP 65.3% 4 3 38 68.6% 4 3 0.0%
Machine Drive 250-499 HP 23.7% 12 3 42 24.9% 12 3 0.0%
Machine Drive 500 and more HP 26.1% 20 5 78 27.4% 20 5 0.0%
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous 100.0% 5 5 75 103.0% 5 5 0.0%
Total 40 614 40 0.2%

686
Market Profiles
A-14 www.enernoc.com
Table A-13 Small/Medium Commercial Electric Market Profile, Idaho 2009
Average Market Profile New Units
End Use Technology Saturation UEC
(kWh)
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
Usage
(GWh) Saturation UEC
(kWh)
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
Compared to
Average
Cooling Central Chiller 13.8% 2 0 6 13.8% 2 0 -13.6%
Cooling RTU 63.1% 2 2 29 63.1% 2 1 -15.9%
Cooling Heat Pump 3.6% 5 0 3 3.6% 4 0 -15.9%
Space Heating Electric Resistance 5.9% 7 0 7 5.9% 6 0 -5.0%
Space Heating Furnace 17.7% 7 1 23 17.7% 7 1 -5.0%
Space Heating Heat Pump 3.6% 4 0 2 3.6% 3 0 -6.8%
Ventilation Ventilation 76.9% 2 2 30 76.9% 2 1 -14.8%
Interior Lighting Interior Screw-in 100.0% 1 1 18 100.0% 1 1 -1.2%
Interior Lighting High Bay Fixtures 100.0% 1 1 13 100.0% 1 1 -20.0%
Interior Lighting Linear Fluorescent 100.0% 3 3 62 100.0% 3 3 -12.7%
Exterior Lighting Exterior Screw-in 100.0% 0 0 4 100.0% 0 0 -26.0%
Exterior Lighting HID 100.0% 1 1 13 100.0% 1 1 -26.4%
Water Heating Water Heater 63.0% 2 1 23 63.0% 2 1 -6.0%
Food Preparation Fryer 25.8% 0 0 1 30.8% 0 0 -0.6%
Food Preparation Oven 25.8% 1 0 5 35.8% 1 0 -1.2%
Food Preparation Dishwasher 25.8% 0 0 0 35.8% 0 0 -24.1%
Food Preparation Hot Food Container 25.8% 0 0 1 35.8% 0 0 -20.0%
Food Preparation Food Prep 25.8% 0 0 0 35.8% 0 0 -20.0%
Refrigeration Walk in Refrigeration 52.4% - - - 62.4% - - 0.0%
Refrigeration Glass Door Display 52.4% 0 0 4 57.4% 0 0 -8.8%
Refrigeration Reach-in Refrigerator 52.4% 1 0 5 57.4% 0 0 -30.0%
Refrigeration Open Display Case 52.4% 0 0 0 57.4% 0 0 -8.4%
Refrigeration Vending Machine 52.4% 0 0 3 57.4% 0 0 -12.8%
Refrigeration Icemaker 52.4% 0 0 3 57.4% 0 0 -11.9%
Office Equipment Desktop Computer 99.9% 0 0 9 104.9% 0 1 -0.7%
Office Equipment Laptop Computer 99.9% 0 0 1 104.9% 0 0 -0.7%
Office Equipment Server 99.9% 0 0 7 104.9% 0 0 -4.7%
Office Equipment Monitor 99.9% 0 0 5 104.9% 0 0 -2.8%
Office Equipment Printer/copier/fax 99.9% 0 0 4 104.9% 0 0 -6.1%
Office Equipment POS Terminal 99.9% 0 0 5 104.9% 0 0 -15.6%
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor 40.2% 1 0 9 40.2% 1 1 5.1%
Miscellaneous Other Miscellaneous 100.0% 1 1 26 100.0% 2 2 20.0%
Total 18 323 16 -6.9%

687
Market Profiles
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting A-15
Table A-14 Large Commercial Electric Market Profile, Idaho 2009
Average Market Profile New Units
End Use Technology Saturation UEC
(kWh)
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
Usage
(GWh) Saturation UEC
(kWh)
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
Compared to
Average
Cooling Central Chiller 24.7% 2 1 22 24.7% 2 0 -16.9%
Cooling RTU 37.8% 3 1 40 37.8% 2 1 -17.4%
Cooling Heat Pump 9.1% 4 0 14 9.1% 3 0 -16.9%
Space Heating Electric Resistance 5.9% 4 0 9 5.9% 3 0 -12.6%
Space Heating Furnace 12.7% 5 1 25 12.7% 4 1 -12.6%
Space Heating Heat Pump 9.1% 2 0 9 9.1% 2 0 -3.5%
Ventilation Ventilation 75.1% 2 1 52 75.1% 1 1 -14.8%
Interior Lighting Interior Screw-in 100.0% 1 1 39 100.0% 1 1 -1.4%
Interior Lighting High Bay Fixtures 100.0% 1 1 30 100.0% 1 1 -20.0%
Interior Lighting Linear Fluorescent 100.0% 3 3 138 100.0% 3 3 -13.6%
Exterior Lighting Exterior Screw-in 100.0% 0 0 4 100.0% 0 0 -18.1%
Exterior Lighting HID 100.0% 1 1 29 100.0% 1 1 -26.4%
Water Heating Water Heater 54.2% 2 1 53 54.2% 2 1 -4.0%
Food Preparation Fryer 18.4% 0 0 3 23.4% 0 0 -0.6%
Food Preparation Oven 18.4% 2 0 14 28.4% 2 1 -1.2%
Food Preparation Dishwasher 18.4% 0 0 1 28.4% 0 0 -24.1%
Food Preparation Hot Food Container 18.4% 0 0 2 28.4% 0 0 -39.9%
Food Preparation Food Prep 18.4% 0 0 0 28.4% 0 0 -20.0%
Refrigeration Walk in Refrigeration 39.1% 0 0 8 49.1% 0 0 -30.0%
Refrigeration Glass Door Display 39.1% 0 0 6 44.1% 0 0 -9.7%
Refrigeration Reach-in Refrigerator 39.1% 1 0 13 44.1% 1 0 -30.0%
Refrigeration Open Display Case 39.1% 0 0 4 44.1% 0 0 -9.3%
Refrigeration Vending Machine 39.1% 0 0 6 44.1% 0 0 -12.8%
Refrigeration Icemaker 39.1% 1 0 11 44.1% 1 0 -12.2%
Office Equipment Desktop Computer 98.4% 1 1 37 103.4% 1 1 -0.7%
Office Equipment Laptop Computer 98.4% 0 0 3 103.4% 0 0 -0.7%
Office Equipment Server 98.4% 0 0 17 103.4% 0 0 -4.7%
Office Equipment Monitor 98.4% 0 0 9 103.4% 0 0 -2.8%
Office Equipment Printer/copier/fax 98.4% 0 0 9 103.4% 0 0 -6.1%
Office Equipment POS Terminal 98.4% 0 0 3 103.4% 0 0 -15.6%
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor 57.7% 1 1 34 57.7% 1 1 5.1%
Miscellaneous Other Miscellaneous 100.0% 1 1 57 100.0% 2 2 10.0%
Total 17 700 16 -6.8%

688
Market Profiles
A-16 www.enernoc.com
Table A-15 Extra Large Commercial Electric Market Profile, Idaho 2009
Average Market Profile New Units
End Use Technology Saturation UEC
(kWh)
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
Usage
(GWh) Saturation UEC
(kWh)
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
Compared to
Average
Cooling Central Chiller 52.2% 2 1 6 52.2% 2 1 -14.7%
Cooling RTU 24.7% 2 1 3 24.7% 2 0 -16.7%
Cooling Heat Pump 4.4% 2 0 0 4.4% 2 0 -26.2%
Space Heating Electric Resistance 15.8% 4 1 4 15.8% 4 1 -13.1%
Space Heating Furnace 5.6% 6 0 2 5.6% 5 0 -13.1%
Space Heating Heat Pump 90.2% 2 2 9 90.2% 2 2 -12.1%
Ventilation Ventilation 100.0% 1 1 7 100.0% 1 1 -2.7%
Interior Lighting Interior Screw-in 100.0% 0 0 1 100.0% 0 0 -20.0%
Interior Lighting High Bay Fixtures 100.0% 2 2 11 100.0% 2 2 -8.3%
Interior Lighting Linear Fluorescent 100.0% 0 0 0 100.0% 0 0 -51.9%
Exterior Lighting Exterior Screw-in 100.0% 1 1 4 100.0% 1 1 -26.4%
Exterior Lighting HID 26.3% 4 1 5 26.3% 4 1 -2.0%
Water Heating Water Heater 13.8% 0 0 0 23.8% 0 0 -0.6%
Food Preparation Fryer 13.8% 2 0 1 23.8% 2 0 -1.2%
Food Preparation Oven 13.8% 0 0 0 23.8% 0 0 -24.1%
Food Preparation Dishwasher 13.8% 0 0 0 23.8% 0 0 -39.9%
Food Preparation Hot Food Container 13.8% 0 0 0 23.8% 0 0 0.0%
Food Preparation Food Prep 26.6% 0 0 0 31.6% 0 0 -30.0%
Refrigeration Walk in Refrigeration 26.6% 0 0 0 31.6% 0 0 -9.7%
Refrigeration Glass Door Display 26.6% 1 0 1 31.6% 0 0 -30.0%
Refrigeration Reach-in Refrigerator 26.6% 0 0 1 31.6% 0 0 -9.3%
Refrigeration Open Display Case 26.6% 0 0 1 31.6% 0 0 -27.9%
Refrigeration Vending Machine 26.6% 0 0 0 31.6% 0 0 -11.4%
Refrigeration Icemaker 100.0% 1 1 3 105.0% 1 1 -0.7%
Office Equipment Desktop Computer 100.0% 0 0 0 105.0% 0 0 -0.7%
Office Equipment Laptop Computer 100.0% 0 0 1 105.0% 0 0 -4.7%
Office Equipment Server 100.0% 0 0 1 105.0% 0 0 -2.8%
Office Equipment Monitor 100.0% 0 0 0 105.0% 0 0 -6.1%
Office Equipment Printer/copier/fax 100.0% 0 0 0 100.0% 0 0 -15.6%
Office Equipment POS Terminal 88.8% 1 1 4 88.8% 1 1 5.1%
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor 100.0% 1 1 4 100.0% 1 1 10.0%
Miscellaneous Other Miscellaneous 4.4% 3 0 1 4.4% 3 0 -3.1%
Total 14 70 13 -6.0%

689
Market Profiles
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting A-17
Table A-16 Extra Large Industrial Electric Market Profile, Idaho 2009
Average Market Profile New Units
End Use Technology Saturation UEC
(kWh)
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
Usage
(GWh) Saturation UEC
(kWh)
Intensity
(kWh/HH)
Compared to
Average
Cooling Central Chiller 14.4% 8 1 6 14.4% 7 1 -11.7%
Cooling RTU 17.1% 6 1 5 17.1% 6 1 -12.3%
Cooling Heat Pump 2.7% 4 0 0 2.7% 3 0 -20.9%
Space Heating Electric Resistance 10.8% 9 1 5 10.8% 8 1 -5.0%
Space Heating Furnace 2.0% 9 0 1 2.0% 9 0 0.0%
Space Heating Heat Pump 27.4% 12 3 17 27.4% 10 3 -15.0%
Ventilation Ventilation 100.0% 0 0 2 100.0% 0 0 -5.0%
Interior Lighting Interior Screw-in 100.0% 1 1 5 100.0% 1 1 -12.7%
Interior Lighting High Bay Fixtures 100.0% 1 1 5 100.0% 1 1 -26.0%
Interior Lighting Linear Fluorescent 100.0% 0 0 0 100.0% 0 0 -26.4%
Exterior Lighting Exterior Screw-in 100.0% 0 0 1 100.0% 0 0 -26.4%
Exterior Lighting HID 2.4% 100 2 12 2.5% 100 3 0.0%
Process Process Cooling/Refrigeration 26.2% 14 4 18 27.5% 14 4 0.0%
Process Process Heating 2.6% 77 2 10 2.7% 77 2 0.0%
Process Electrochemical Process 90.5% 1 1 4 95.0% 1 1 0.0%
Machine Drive Less than 5 HP 80.1% 2 2 9 84.1% 2 2 0.0%
Machine Drive 5-24 HP 72.4% 6 4 22 76.0% 6 5 0.0%
Machine Drive 25-99 HP 65.3% 4 3 12 68.6% 4 3 0.0%
Machine Drive 100-249 HP 23.7% 12 3 13 24.9% 12 3 0.0%
Machine Drive 250-499 HP 26.1% 20 5 25 27.4% 20 5 0.0%
Machine Drive 500 and more HP 100.0% 5 5 24 103.0% 5 5 0.0%
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous 2.7% 5 0 1 2.7% 5 0 -4.9%
Total 40 196 40 0.2%
690
691

EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting B-1
APPENDIX B
RESIDENTIAL ENERGY EFFICIENCY EQUIPMENT AND MEASURE
DATA
This appendix presents detailed information for all energy-efficiency measures (equipment and
non-equipment measures per the LoadMAP taxonomy) that were evaluated as part of this study.
Several sets of tables are provided.
Measure Descriptions
Table B-1 and Table B-2 provide brief descriptions for all equipment and non-equipment
measures that were assessed for potential.
Equipment Measure Data
Table B-3 through Table B-18 list the detailed unit-level data of Washington and Idaho for the
equipment measures for each of the housing type segments — Single Family, Multi Family,
Mobile Home, and Low income for existing and new construction, respectively. Savings are in
annual kWh per household, and incremental costs are in $/household ($/HH), unless noted
otherwise. The BC ratio shown in the tables are for the first year of the potential analysis (2014),
although the B/C ratio is calculated within LoadMAP for each year of the forecast. The B/C ratio
in the tables is 1.00 if the measure represents the baseline technology, and zero if the
technology is not available in 2014. The final data item in these tables is the levelized cost of
conserved energy, which is defined as the cost of the measure divided by the cumulative amount
of energy savings accrued over the measure’s lifetime ($/kWh).
Non-Equipment Measure Data
Table B-19 through Table B-34 list the detailed unit-level data of Washington and Idaho for the
non-equipment energy efficiency measures for each of the housing type segments and for
existing and new construction, respectively. Because these measures can produce energy-use
savings for multiple end-use loads (e.g., insulation affects heating and cooling energy use)
savings are expressed as a net percentage of all the relevant, combined end-use loads. Base
saturation indicates the percentage of homes in which the measure is already installed.
Applicability is a factor that account for whether the measure is applicable to the building. Cost is
expressed in $/household. The detailed measure-level tables present the results of the
benefit/cost (B/C) analysis for the first year of the potential analysis (2014) although the B/C
ratio is calculated within LoadMAP for each year of the forecast. These tables also contain the
levelized cost of conserved energy, which is defined as the cost of the measure divided by the
cumulative amount of energy savings accrued over the measure’s lifetime, given in terms of
$/kWh.
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Table B-1 Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment Measure Descriptions
End Use Technology Measure Description
Cooling Central AC
Central air conditioners consist of a refrigeration system using a direct
expansion cycle. Equipment includes a compressor, an air-cooled
condenser (located outdoors), an expansion valve, and an evaporator
coil. A supply fan near the evaporator coil distributes supply air through
air ducts to the building. Cooling efficiencies vary based on materials
used, equipment size, condenser type, and system configuration. CACs
may be unitary (all components housed in a factory-built assembly) or
split system (an outdoor condenser section and an indoor evaporator
section connected by refrigerant lines and with the compressor either
indoors or outdoors). Energy efficiency is rated according to the size of
the unit using the Seasonal Energy Efficiency Rating (SEER). Ductless
systems with Variable Refrigerant Flow further improve the operating
efficiency.
Cooling Room AC
Room air conditioners are designed to cool a single room or space. They
incorporate a complete air-cooled refrigeration and air-handling system
in an individual package. Room air conditioners come in several forms,
including window, split-type, and packaged terminal units. Energy
efficiency is rated according to the size of the unit using the Energy
Efficiency Rating (EER).
Cooling/ Space
Heating
Ductless Heat
Pump
Ductless heat pumps systems are similar to convential air-source heat
pumps in that they use electricity to transfer heat between outdoor and
indoor air via a vapor compression cycle. They can thus provide both
heating and colling. However, they are mounted though a wall and thus
can be retrofitted in homes that use electric zonal baseboard, wall, or
ceiling units and as a result do not have ducts. They may also be suitable
in new construction, where one or more systems can be installed.
Cooling/ Space
Heating
Air-Source Heat
Pump
A central heat pump consists of components similar to a CAC system, but
is usually designed to function both as a heat pump and an air
conditioner. It consists of a refrigeration system using a direct expansion
(DX) cycle. Equipment includes a compressor, an air-cooled condenser
(located outdoors), an expansion valve, and an evaporator coil (located in
the supply air duct near the supply fan) and a reversing valve to change
the DX cycle from cooling to heating when required. The cooling and
heating efficiencies vary based on the materials used, equipment size,
condenser type, and system configuration. Heat pumps may be unitary
(all components housed in a factory-built assembly) or a split system (an
outdoor condenser section and an indoor evaporator section connected
by refrigerant lines, with either outdoors or indoors. A high-efficiency
option for a ductless mini-split system is also analyzed.
Cooling/ Space
Heating
Geothermal Heat
Pump
Geothermal heat pumps are similar to air-source heat pumps, but use the
ground or groundwater instead of outside air to provide a heat
source/sink. A geothermal heat pump system generally consists of three
major subsystems or parts: a geothermal heat pump to move heat
between the building and the fluid in the earth connection, an earth
connection for transferring heat between the fluid and the earth, and a
distribution subsystem for delivering heating or cooling to the building.
The system may also have a desuperheater to supplement the building's
water heater, or a full-demand water heater to meet all of the building's
hot water needs.
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End Use Technology Measure Description
Space Heating Electric Resistance
Resistive heating elements are used to convert electricity directly to heat.
Conductive fins surrounding the element or another mechanism is used
to deliver the heat directly to the surrounding room or area. These are
typically either baseboard or wall-mounted units.
Space Heating Electric Furnace
Furnaces heat air and distribute the heated air through the building using
ducts. Efficiency improvements can include: exhaust fan controls,
electronic ignition (no pilot light), compact size and lighter weight to
reduce cycling losses, smaller-diameter flue pipe, and sealed combustion.
Very high efficiency units, or condensing units, condense the water vapor
produced in the combustion process and also use the heat from this
condensation.
Water Heating Water Heater
For electric hot water heating, the most common type is a storage heater,
which incorporates an electric heating element, storage tank, outer
jacket, insulation, and controls in a single unit. Efficient units are
characterized by a high recovery or thermal efficiency and low standby
losses (the ratio of heat lost per hour to the content of the stored water).
A further efficiency gain is available through a heat pump water heater
(HPWH), which uses a vapor-compression thermodynamic cycle similar to
that found in an air-conditioner or refrigerator to extract heat from an
available source (e.g., air) and reject that heat to a higher temperature
sink, in this case, the water in the water heater. Electric instantaneous
water heaters are available, but are excluded from this study due to
potentially high instantaneous demand concerns.
For natural gas hot water heating, the most common type is a storage
heater, which incorporates a burner, storage tank, outer jacket,
insulation, and controls in a single unit. Efficient units are characterized
by a high recovery or thermal efficiency and low standby losses (the ratio
of heat lost per hour to the content of the stored water). A further
efficiency gain is available in condensing units, which condense the water
vapor produced in the combustion process and also use the heat from
this condensation.
Interior Lighting Screw-in
Infrared halogen lamps are designed to be a replacement for standards
incandescent lamps. Also referred to as advanced incandescent lamps,
these products meet the Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA)
lighting standards and are phased in as the baseline technology screw-in
lamp technology to reflect the timeline over which the EISA lighting
standards take effect. Compact fluorescent lamps are designed to be a
replacement for standard incandescent lamps and use about 25% of the
energy used by standard incandescent lamps to produce the same lumen
output. They can use either electronic or magnetic ballasts. Integral
compact fluorescent lamps have the ballast integrated into the base of
the lamp and have a standard screw-in base that permits installation into
existing incandescent fixtures. Light-emitting diode (LED) lighting has
seen recent penetration in specific applications such as traffic lights and
exit signs. With the potential for extremely high efficiency, LEDs show
promise to provide general-use lighting for interior spaces. Current
models commercially available have efficacies comparable to CFLs.
However, theoretical efficiencies are significantly higher. LED models
under development are expected to provide improved efficacies.
Interior Lighting Linear Fluorescent
T8 fluorescent lamps are smaller in diameter than standard T12 lamps,
resulting in greater light output per watt. T8 lamps also operate at a
lower current and wattage, which increases the efficiency of the ballast
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End Use Technology Measure Description
but requires the lamps to be compatible with the ballast. Fluorescent
lamp fixtures can include a reflector that increases the light output from
the fixture, and thus make it possible to use a fewer number of lamps in
each fixture. T5 lamps further increase efficiency by reducing the lamp
diameter to 5/8”. Light-emitting diode (LED) lighting has seen recent
penetration in specific applications such as traffic lights and exit signs.
With the potential for extremely high efficiency, LEDs show promise to
provide general-use lighting for interior spaces. Current models
commercially available have efficacies comparable to CFLs. However,
theoretical efficiencies are significantly higher. LED models under
development are expected to provide improved efficacies.
Interior Lighting Specialty Lighting
Bulbs that the DOE does not consider conventional and are not covered
by federal efficiency standards. These include: appliance bulbs, heavy-
duty bulbs, dimmable bulbs, three-way bulbs, G shape (globe) lamps,
candelabra base, and others.
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in
Infrared halogen lamps are designed to be a replacement for standards
incandescent lamps. Also referred to as advanced incandescent lamps,
these products meet the Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA)
lighting standards and are phased in as the baseline technology screw-in
lamp technology to reflect the timeline over which the EISA lighting
standards take effect. Compact fluorescent lamps are designed to be a
replacement for standard incandescent lamps and use about 25% of the
energy used by standard incandescent lamps to produce the same lumen
output. They can use either electronic or magnetic ballasts. Integral
compact fluorescent lamps have the ballast integrated into the base of
the lamp and have a standard screw-in base that permits installation into
existing incandescent fixtures. Light-emitting diode (LED) lighting has
seen recent penetration in specific applications such as traffic lights and
exit signs. With the potential for extremely high efficiency, LEDs show
promise to provide general-use lighting for interior spaces. Current
models commercially available have efficacies comparable to CFLs.
However, theoretical efficiencies are significantly higher. LED models
under development are expected to provide improved efficacies.
Appliances Refrigerator
Energy-efficient refrigerators/freezers incorporate features such as
improved cabinet insulation, more efficient compressors and evaporator
fans, defrost controls, mullion heaters, oversized condenser coils, and
improved door seals. Further efficiency increases can be obtained by
reducing the volume of refrigerated space, or adding multiple
compartments to reduce losses from opening doors.
Appliances Second
Refrigerator
Energy-efficient refrigerators/freezers incorporate features such as
improved cabinet insulation, more efficient compressors and evaporator
fans, defrost controls, mullion heaters, oversized condenser coils, and
improved door seals. Further efficiency increases can be obtained by
reducing the volume of refrigerated space, or adding multiple
compartments to reduce losses from opening doors.
Appliances Freezer
Energy-efficient refrigerators/freezers incorporate features such as
improved cabinet insulation, more efficient compressors and evaporator
fans, defrost controls, mullion heaters, oversized condenser coils, and
improved door seals. Further efficiency increases can be obtained by
reducing the volume of refrigerated space, or adding multiple
compartments to reduce losses from opening doors.
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End Use Technology Measure Description
Appliances Clothes Washer
High efficiency clothes washers use superior designs that require less
water. Sensors match the hot water needs to the size and soil level of the
load, preventing energy waste. Further energy and water savings can be
achieved through advanced technologies such as inverter-drive or
combination washer-dryer units. MEF is the official energy efficiency
metric used to compare relative efficiencies of different clothes washers.
MEF considers the energy used to run the washer, heat the water, and
run the dryer. The higher the MEF, the more efficient the clothes washer.
Appliances Clothes Dryer
An energy-efficient clothes dryer has a moisture-sensing device to
terminate the drying cycle rather than using a timer and an energy-
efficient motor is used for spinning the dryer tub. Application of a heat
pump cycle for extracting the moisture from clothes leads to additional
energy savings.
Appliances Dishwasher
High efficiency dishwashers save by using both improved technology for
the primary wash cycle, and by using less hot water. Construction
includes more effective washing action, energy-efficient motors, and
other advanced technology such as sensors that determine the length of
the wash cycle and the temperature of the water necessary to clean the
dishes.
Appliances Stove
These products have additional insulation in the oven compartment and
tighter-fitting oven door gaskets and hinges to save energy. Conventional
ovens must first heat up about 35 pounds of steel and a large amount of
air before they heat up the food. Higher efficiency options include
convection ovens, halogen burners, and induction burners.
Appliances Microwave No high efficiency option is modeled.
Electronics Personal
Computers
Improved power management can significantly reduce the annual energy
consumption of PCs and monitors in both standby and normal operation.
ENERGY STAR and Climate Savers labeled products provide increasing
level of energy efficiency.
Electronics TVs
In the average home, TVs consume significant energy, even when they
are turned off, to maintain features like clocks, remote control, and
channel/station memory. ENERGY STAR labeled consumer electronics can
drastically reduce consumption during standby mode, in addition to
saving energy through advanced power management during normal use.
Electronics Devices and
Gadgets
High efficiency electronics can use efficient components and employ
sleep/powersave modes.
Electronics Set-top Boxes/DVR High efficiency electronics can use efficient components and employ
sleep/powersave modes.
Miscellaneous Pool Pump High-efficiency motors and two-speed pumps provide improved energy
efficiency for this load.
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan
In homes heated by a furnace, there is still substantial energy use by the
fan responsible for moving the hot air throughout the ductwork.
Application of an Electronically Commutating Motor (ECM) ensures that
motor speed matches the heating requirements of the system and saves
energy when compared to a continuously operating standard motor.
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Improvement of miscellaneous electricity uses.

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Table B-2 Residential Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Measure Descriptions
End Use Measure Description
HVAC (All) Insulation - Ceiling
Thermal insulation is material or combinations of materials that are used to
inhibit the flow of heat energy by conductive, convective, and radiative transfer
modes. Thus, thermal insulation above ceilings can conserve energy by
reducing the heat loss or gain into attics and/or through roofs. The type of
building construction defines insulating possibilities. Typical insulating
materials include: loose-fill (blown) cellulose, loose-fill (blown) fiberglass, and
rigid polystyrene.
Cooling Insulation - Ducting
Air distribution ducts can be insulated to reduce heating or cooling losses. Best
results can be achieved by covering the entire surface area with insulation.
Several types of ducts and duct insulation are available, including flexible duct,
pre-insulated duct, duct board, duct wrap, tacked, or glued rigid insulation, and
waterproof hard shell materials for exterior ducts. This analysis assumes that
installing duct insulation can reduce the temperature drop/gain in ducts by
50%.
HVAC (All) Insulation -
Foundation
Thermal insulation is material or combinations of materials that are used to
inhibit the flow of heat energy by conductive, convective, and radiative transfer
modes. Thus, thermal insulation can conserve energy by reducing heat loss or
gain from a building. The type of building construction defines insulating
possibilities. Typical insulating materials include: loose-fill (blown) cellulose,
loose-fill (blown) fiberglass, and rigid polystyrene. Foundation insulation is
modeled for new construction / major retrofits only.
HVAC (All) Insulation -
Infiltration Control
Lowering the air infiltration rate by caulking small leaks and weather-stripping
around window frames, doorframes, power outlets, plumbing, and wall corners
can provide significant energy savings. Weather-stripping doors and windows
will create a tight seal and further reduce air infiltration.
HVAC (All) Insulation - Radiant
Barrier
Radiant barriers are materials installed to reduce the heat gain in buildings.
Radiant barriers are made from materials that are highly reflective and have
low emissivity like aluminum. The closer the emissivity is to 0 the better they
will perform. Radiant barriers can be placed above the insulation or on the
roof rafters.
HVAC (All) Insulation - Wall
Cavity
Thermal insulation is material or combinations of materials that are used to
inhibit the flow of heat energy by conductive, convective, and radiative transfer
modes. Thus, thermal insulation can conserve energy by reducing heat loss or
gain from a building. The type of building construction defines insulating
possibilities. Typical insulating materials include: loose-fill (blown) cellulose,
loose-fill (blown) fiberglass, and rigid polystyrene. Wall insulation is modeled
for new construction / major retrofits only.
HVAC (All) Insulation - Wall
Sheathing
Thermal insulation is material or combinations of materials that are used to
inhibit the flow of heat energy by conductive, convective, and radiative transfer
modes. Thus, thermal insulation can conserve energy by reducing heat loss or
gain from a building. The type of building construction defines insulating
possibilities. Typical insulating materials include: loose-fill (blown) cellulose,
loose-fill (blown) fiberglass, and rigid polystyrene. Wall sheathing is modeled
for new construction / major retrofits only.
Cooling Ducting - Repair and
Sealing
Leakage in unsealed ducts varies considerably because of the differences in
fabricating machinery used, the methods for assembly, installation
workmanship, and age of the ductwork. Air leaks from the system to the
outdoors result in a direct loss proportional to the amount of leakage and the
difference in enthalpy between the outdoor air and the conditioned air. To
seal ducts, a wide variety of sealing methods and products exist. Each has a
relatively short shelf life, and no documented research has identified the aging
characteristics of sealant applications.
HVAC (All)
Windows - High
Efficiency/ENERGY
STAR
High-efficiency windows, such as those labeled under the ENERGY STAR
Program, are designed to reduce energy use and increase occupant comfort.
High-efficiency windows reduce the amount of heat transfer through the
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End Use Measure Description
glazing surface. For example, some windows have a low-E coating, a thin film of
metallic oxide coating on the glass surface that allows passage of short-wave
solar energy through glass and prevents long-wave energy from escaping.
Another example is double-pane glass that reduces conductive and convective
heat transfer. Some double-pane windows are gas-filled (usually argon) to
further increase the insulating properties of the window.
HVAC (All) Windows - Install
Reflective Film
Reflective films applied to the window interior help reduce solar gain into the
space and thus lower cooling energy use.
HVAC (All) Doors - Storm and
Thermal
Like other components of the shell, doors are subject to several types of heat
loss: conduction, infiltration, and radiant losses. Similar to a storm window, a
storm door creates an insulating air space between the storm and primary
doors. A tight fitting storm door can also help reduce air leakage or infiltration.
Thermal doors have exceptional thermal insulation properties and also are
provided with weather-stripping on the doorframe to reduce air leakage.
HVAC (All) Roofs - High
Reflectivity
The color and material of a building structure surface will determine the
amount of solar radiation absorbed by that surface and subsequently
transferred into a building. This is called solar absorptance. By using a living
roof or a roofing material with a light color (and a lower solar absorptance), the
roof will absorb less solar radiation and consequently reduce the cooling load.
Living roofs also reduce stormwater runoff.
HVAC (All) Attic Fan -
Installation
Attic fans can reduce the need for AC by reducing heat transfer from the attic
through the ceiling of the house. A well-ventilated attic can be several degrees
cooler than a comparable, unventilated attic. An option for an attic fan
equipped with a small solar photovoltaic generator is also modeled.
HVAC (All)
Attic Fan -
Photovoltaic -
Installation
Attic fans can reduce the need for AC by reducing heat transfer from the attic
through the ceiling of the house. A well-ventilated attic can be several degrees
cooler than a comparable, unventilated attic. An option for an attic fan
equipped with a small solar photovoltaic generator is also modeled.
HVAC (All) Whole-House Fan -
Installation
Whole-house fans can reduce the need for AC on moderate-weather days or on
cool evenings. The fan facilitates a quick air change throughout the entire
house. Several windows must be open to achieve the best results. The fan is
mounted on the top floor of the house, usually in a hallway ceiling.
HVAC (All) Ceiling Fan -
Installation
Ceiling fans can reduce the need for air conditioning. However, the house
occupants must also select a ceiling fan with a high-efficiency motor and either
shutoff the AC system or setup the thermostat temperature of the air
conditioning system to realize the potential energy savings. Some ceiling fans
also come with lamps. In this analysis, it is assumed that there are no lamps,
and installing a ceiling fan will allow occupants to increase the thermostat
cooling setpoint up by 2°F.
HVAC (All) Thermostat -
Clock/Programmable
A programmable thermostat can be added to most heating/cooling systems.
They are typically used during winter to lower temperatures at night and in
summer to increase temperatures during the afternoon. The energy savings
from this type of thermostat are identical to those of a "setback" strategy with
standard thermostats, but the convenience of a programmable thermostat
makes it a much more attractive option. In this analysis, the baseline is
assumed to have no thermostat setback.
HVAC (All) Home Energy
Management System
A centralized home energy management system can be used to control and
schedule cooling, space heating, lighting, and possibly appliances as well. Some
designs also allow the homeowner to remotely control loads via the Internet.
Cooling Central AC - Early
Replacement
CAC systems currently on the market are significantly more efficient that older
units, due to technology improvement and stricter appliance standards. This
measure incents homeowners to replace an aging but still working unit with a
new, higher-efficiency one.
Cooling
Central AC -
Maintenance and
Tune-Up
An air conditioner's filters, coils, and fins require regular cleaning and
maintenance for the unit to function effectively and efficiently throughout its
life. Neglecting necessary maintenance leads to a steady decline in
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End Use Measure Description
performance, requiring the AC unit to use more energy for the same cooling
load.
Cooling /
Space Heating
Central Heat Pump -
Maintenance
A heat pump's filters, coils, and fins require regular cleaning and maintenance
for the unit to function effectively and efficiently throughout its life. Neglecting
necessary maintenance ensures a steady decline in performance while energy
use steadily increases.
Cooling Room AC - Removal
of Second Unit
Homeowners may have a second room AC unit that is extremely inefficient.
This measure incents homeowners to recycle the second unit and thus also
eliminates associated electricity use.
Water
Heating
Water Heater -
Drainwater Heat
Recovery
Drainwater Heat Recovery is a system in which drain water is used to preheat
cold water entering the water heater. While these systems themselves are
relatively inexpensive, upgrading an existing system could be unreasonable
because of demolition costs. Thus they are modeled for new vintage only.
Water
Heating
Water Heater -
Faucet Aerators
Water faucet aerators are threaded screens that attach to existing faucets.
They reduce the volume of water coming out of faucets while introducing air
into the water stream. This measure provides energy saving by reducing hot
water use, as well as water conservation for both hot and cold water.
Water
Heating
Water Heater - Low-
Flow Showerheads
Similar to faucet aerators, low-flow showerheads reduce the consumption of
hot water, which in turn decreases water heating energy use.
Water
Heating
Water Heater - Pipe
Insulation
Insulating hot water pipes decreases energy losses from piping that distributes
hot water throughout the building. It also results in quicker delivery of hot
water and may allow the lowering of the hot water set point, which saves
energy. The most common insulation materials for this purpose are
polyethylene and neoprene.
Water
Heating
Water Heater -
Timer
These measures use either a programmable thermostat or a timer to adjust the
water heater setpoint at times of low usage, typically when a home is
unoccupied.
Water
Heating
Water Heater -
Desuperheater
A desuperheater can be added to an existing geothermal heat pump system
(typically installed with the primary function of space heating and cooling) in
order to draw off a portion of the geothermal heat for water heating purposes.
The system can either supplement the building's water heater, or be a full-
demand water heater that meets all of the building's hot water needs.
Water
Heating
Water Heater - Solar
System
Solar water heating systems can be used in residential buildings that have an
appropriate near-south-facing roof or nearby unshaded grounds for installing a
collector. Although system types vary, in general these systems use a solar
absorber surface within a solar collector or an actual storage tank. Either a
heat-transfer fluid or the actual potable water flows through tubes attached to
the absorber and transfers heat from it. (Systems with a separate heat-
transfer-fluid loop include a heat exchanger that then heats the potable water.)
The heated water is stored in a separate preheat tank or a conventional water
heater tank. If additional heat is needed, it is provided by a conventional
water-heating system.
Water
Heating
Tank Blanket
Insulation
Many water heaters have a high factory-set temperature, at 140 degrees F or
higher, but most users operate comfortably with the thermostat at 120
degrees F. Reducing the water heater temperature by as little as 10 degrees
can save between 3-5% in energy costs.
Water
Heating Thermostat Setback
Many water heaters have a high factory-set temperature, at 140 degrees F or
higher, but most users operate comfortably with the thermostat at 125
degrees F. Reducing the water heater temperature by as little as 10 degrees
can save between 3-5% in energy costs.
Interior
Lighting
Interior Lighting -
Occupancy Sensors
Occupancy sensors turn lights off when a space is unoccupied. They are
appropriate for areas with intermittent use, such as bathrooms or storage
areas.
Exterior
Lighting
Exterior Lighting -
Photosensor Control
Photosensor controls turn exterior lighting on or off based on ambient lighting
levels. Compared with manual operation, this can reduce the operation of
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End Use Measure Description
exterior lighting during daylight hours.
Exterior
Lighting
Exterior Lighting -
Photovoltaic
Installation
Solar photovoltaic generation may be used to power exterior lighting and thus
eliminate all or part of the electrical energy use.
Exterior
Lighting
Exterior Lighting -
Timeclock
Installation
Lighting timers turn exterior lighting on or off based on a preset schedule.
Compared with manual operation, this can reduce the operation of exterior
lighting during daylight hours.
Appliances Refrigerator - Early
Replacement
Refrigerators/freezers currently on the market are significantly more efficient
that older units, due to technology improvement and stricter appliance
standards. This measure incents homeowners to replace an aging but still
working unit with a new, higher-efficiency one.
Appliances Refrigerator -
Remove Second Unit
Homeowners may have a second refrigerator or freezer that is not used to full
capacity and that, because of its age, is extremely inefficient. This measure
incents homeowners to recycle the second unit and thus also eliminates
associated electricity use.
Appliances Freezer - Remove
Second Unit
Homeowners may have a second refrigerator or freezer that is not used to full
capacity and that, because of its age, is extremely inefficient. This measure
incents homeowners to recycle the second unit and thus also eliminates
associated electricity use.
Appliances Freezer - Early
Replacement
Refrigerators/freezers currently on the market are significantly more efficient
that older units, due to technology improvement and stricter appliance
standards. This measure incents homeowners to replace an aging but still
working unit with a new, higher-efficiency one.
Electronics
Reduce Standby
Wattage - Smart
Power Strips
Representing a growing portion of home electricity consumption, plug-in
electronics such as set-top boxes, DVD players, gaming systems, digital video
recorders, and even battery chargers for mobile phones and laptop computers
are often designed to supply a set voltage. When the units are not in use, this
voltage could be dropped significantly (~1 W) and thereby generate a
significant energy savings, assumed for this analysis to be between 4-5% on
average. These savings are in excess of the measures already discussed for
computers and televisions.
Miscellaneous Pool Pump - Timer A pool pump timer allows the pump to turn off automatically, eliminating the
wasted energy associated with unnecessary pumping.
Miscellaneous Behavioral Measures
The behavioral measure models the wide range of options for providing
homeowners with ongoing information on their energy use, for example via a
web portal. These tools are based on the premise that homeowners will reduce
energy use if they better understand how they use energy and the associated
costs. The level of assumed savings is based on isolated behavioral effects and
excludes the technology effects of all other measures listed here.

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Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
B-10 www.enernoc.com
Table B-3 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Single Family, Existing Vintage,
Washington
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
Cooling Central AC SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Central AC SEER 14 (Energy Star) 116.70 $277.86 15 1.40 $0.21
Cooling Central AC SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 160.13 $555.71 15 0.95 $0.30
Cooling Central AC SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 196.50 $833.57 15 0.90 $0.37
Cooling Central AC Ductless Mini-Split
System 352.42 $4,399.48 20 0.64 $0.88
Cooling Room AC EER 9.8 - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Cooling Room AC EER 10.8 (Energy
Star) 46.56 $104.04 10 0.84 $0.26
Cooling Room AC EER 11 54.94 $282.26 10 0.64 $0.61
Cooling Room AC EER 11.5 74.37 $625.50 10 0.44 $1.00
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 14 (Energy Star) 85.84 $0.00 15 1.30 $0.00
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 97.34 $0.00 15 0.89 $0.00
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 119.45 $0.00 15 0.83 $0.00
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump
Ductless Mini-Split
System 214.24 $0.00 20 0.83 $0.00
Cooling Geothermal Heat
Pump Standard - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Cooling Geothermal Heat
Pump High Efficiency 104.84 $0.00 15 0.91 $0.00
Cooling Ductless HP Ductless Mini-Split
System - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Electric
Resistance Electric Resistance - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Electric
Resistance
Ductless Mini-Split
System 3,605.70 $156.87 20 1.34 $0.00
Space Heating Electric Furnace 3400 BTU/KW - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Supplemental Supplemental - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 14 (Energy Star) 126.61 $67.05 15 1.30 $0.05
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 998.92 $2,318.20 15 0.89 $0.20
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 1,225.79 $3,504.51 15 0.83 $0.25
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump
Ductless Mini-Split
System 2,198.46 $5,655.04 20 0.83 $0.18
Space Heating Geothermal Heat
Pump Standard - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Geothermal Heat
Pump High Efficiency 693.85 $1,500.00 15 0.91 $0.19
Space Heating Ductless HP Ductless Mini-Split
System - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal
High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 207.44 $77.11 15 1.03 $0.03
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal EF 2.3 (HP) 1,999.65 $1,761.86 15 0.91 $0.08
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal Solar 2,791.58 $6,214.86 15 0.47 $0.19
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater > High Efficiency 264.15 $97.23 15 1.03 $0.03
701
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting B-11
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
55 Gal (EF=0.95)
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal EF 2.3 (HP) 2,000.81 $1,691.15 15 0.93 $0.07
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal Solar 3,154.00 $6,144.15 15 0.52 $0.17
Interior
Lighting Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 4 - $0.00
Interior
Lighting Screw-in Infrared Halogen 269.42 $188.19 5 1.00 $0.15
Interior
Lighting Screw-in CFL 855.57 $33.82 6 2.54 $0.01
Interior
Lighting Screw-in LED 1,169.35 $1,937.55 12 - $0.17
Interior
Lighting Screw-in LED 1,169.35 $1,937.55 12 - $0.17
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T12 - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T8 11.21 -$3.65 6 1.14 -$0.06
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent Super T8 33.57 $29.17 6 0.70 $0.16
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T5 34.89 $49.41 6 0.55 $0.26
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent LED 36.60 $433.68 10 0.19 $1.40
Interior
Lighting Specialty Halogen - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Specialty CFL 263.66 $1.92 7 1.91 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Specialty LED 277.40 $522.52 12 0.29 $0.19
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 4 - $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in Infrared Halogen 92.90 $51.30 5 1.00 $0.12
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in CFL 315.29 -$1.24 3 4.38 $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in LED 365.98 $757.28 12 - $0.21
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in LED 365.98 $757.28 12 - $0.21
Appliances Clothes Washer Baseline - $0.00 14 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Washer Energy Star (MEF >
1.8) 51.92 $69.81 14 - $0.12
Appliances Clothes Washer Horizontal Axis 71.68 $150.80 14 1.00 $0.19
Appliances Clothes Dryer Baseline - $0.00 13 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Dryer Moisture Detection 76.97 $48.40 13 1.00 $0.06
Appliances Dishwasher Baseline - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Dishwasher Energy Star 64.27 $460.95 9 - $0.93
Appliances Dishwasher Energy Star (2011) 8.42 $5.61 15 1.00 $0.06
Appliances Refrigerator Baseline - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Appliances Refrigerator Energy Star 55.03 $20.67 20 - $0.03
Appliances Refrigerator Baseline (2014) 100.80 $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Refrigerator Energy Star (2014) 161.28 $88.71 13 1.02 $0.05
Appliances Freezer Baseline - $0.00 22 - $0.00
Appliances Freezer Energy Star 44.98 $3.98 22 - $0.01
Appliances Freezer Baseline (2014) 104.39 -$145.00 11 1.00 -$0.15
Appliances Freezer Energy Star (2014) 167.03 -$112.83 11 1.00 -$0.07
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Baseline - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Energy Star 75.16 $20.67 20 - $0.02
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Baseline (2014) 137.68 $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
702
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
B-12 www.enernoc.com
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Energy Star (2014) 220.29 $88.71 13 1.01 $0.04
Appliances Stove Baseline - $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Stove Convection Oven 10.67 $1.86 13 1.00 $0.02
Appliances Stove Induction (High
Efficiency) 53.33 $1,432.20 13 0.39 $2.59
Appliances Microwave Baseline - $0.00 9 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Baseline - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Energy Star 89.47 $1.20 5 1.01 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Climate Savers 127.82 $175.49 5 0.85 $0.30
Electronics TVs Baseline - $0.00 11 1.00 $0.00
Electronics TVs Energy Star 52.12 $0.56 10 0.95 $0.00
Electronics Set-top
boxes/DVR Baseline - $0.00 11 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Set-top
boxes/DVR Energy Star 31.55 $0.56 11 1.01 $0.00
Electronics Devices and
Gadgets Devices and Gadgets - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Pool Pump Baseline Pump - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Pool Pump High Efficiency Pump 137.76 $85.00 15 1.00 $0.05
Miscellaneous Pool Pump Two-Speed Pump 551.02 $579.00 15 0.83 $0.09
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan Baseline - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan Furnace Fan with
ECM 157.58 $0.64 18 1.28 $0.00
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00

703
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting B-13
Table B-4 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Single Family, New Vintage,
Washington
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
Cooling Central AC SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Central AC SEER 14 (Energy Star) 148.36 $277.86 15 1.40 $0.16
Cooling Central AC SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 197.61 $555.71 15 0.95 $0.24
Cooling Central AC SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 238.95 $833.57 15 0.90 $0.30
Cooling Central AC Ductless Mini-Split
System 448.12 $4,399.48 20 0.65 $0.69
Cooling Room AC EER 9.8 - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Cooling Room AC EER 10.8 (Energy
Star) 57.89 $104.04 10 0.85 $0.21
Cooling Room AC EER 11 68.22 $282.26 10 0.65 $0.49
Cooling Room AC EER 11.5 92.51 $625.50 10 0.45 $0.80
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 14 (Energy Star) 109.44 $67.05 15 1.30 $0.05
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 120.45 $2,318.20 15 0.91 $1.66
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 145.65 $3,504.51 15 0.85 $2.08
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump
Ductless Mini-Split
System 273.14 $5,655.04 20 0.87 $1.46
Cooling Geothermal Heat
Pump Standard - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Cooling Geothermal Heat
Pump High Efficiency 124.81 $1,500.00 15 0.92 $1.04
Cooling Ductless HP Ductless Mini-Split
System - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Electric
Resistance Electric Resistance - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Electric
Resistance
Ductless Mini-Split
System 4,146.56 $156.87 20 1.35 $0.00
Space Heating Electric Furnace 3400 BTU/KW - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Supplemental Supplemental - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 14 (Energy Star) 161.42 $67.05 15 1.30 $0.04
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 1,236.03 $2,318.20 15 0.91 $0.16
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 1,494.65 $3,504.51 15 0.85 $0.20
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump
Ductless Mini-Split
System 2,802.94 $5,655.04 20 0.87 $0.14
Space Heating Geothermal Heat
Pump Standard - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Geothermal Heat
Pump High Efficiency 826.07 $1,500.00 15 0.92 $0.16
Space Heating Ductless HP Ductless Mini-Split
System - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal
High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 207.44 $77.11 15 1.03 $0.03
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal EF 2.3 (HP) 1,999.65 $1,761.86 15 0.91 $0.08
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal Solar 2,791.58 $6,214.86 15 0.47 $0.19
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater > High Efficiency 264.15 $97.23 15 1.03 $0.03
704
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
B-14 www.enernoc.com
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
55 Gal (EF=0.95)
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal EF 2.3 (HP) 2,000.81 $1,691.15 15 0.93 $0.07
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal Solar 3,154.00 $6,144.15 15 0.52 $0.17
Interior
Lighting Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 4 - $0.00
Interior
Lighting Screw-in Infrared Halogen 307.59 $188.19 5 1.00 $0.13
Interior
Lighting Screw-in CFL 976.77 $33.82 6 2.46 $0.01
Interior
Lighting Screw-in LED 1,334.99 $1,937.55 12 - $0.15
Interior
Lighting Screw-in LED 1,334.99 $1,937.55 12 - $0.15
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T12 - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T8 13.19 -$3.65 6 1.13 -$0.05
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent Super T8 39.53 $29.17 6 0.73 $0.14
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T5 41.09 $49.41 6 0.58 $0.22
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent LED 43.10 $433.68 10 0.21 $1.19
Interior
Lighting Specialty Halogen - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Specialty CFL 303.20 -$6.90 7 2.33 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Specialty LED 319.01 $163.55 12 0.76 $0.05
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 4 - $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in Infrared Halogen 168.10 $20.17 5 1.00 $0.03
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in CFL 473.06 $0.00 3 4.21 $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in LED 599.29 $88.71 12 - $0.02
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in LED 599.29 $88.71 12 - $0.02
Appliances Clothes Washer Baseline - $0.00 14 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Washer Energy Star (MEF >
1.8) 100.07 $3.98 14 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Washer Horizontal Axis 183.40 -$145.00 14 1.00 -$0.07
Appliances Clothes Dryer Baseline - $0.00 13 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Dryer Moisture Detection 76.97 $48.40 13 1.00 $0.06
Appliances Dishwasher Baseline - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Dishwasher Energy Star 64.52 $460.95 9 - $0.92
Appliances Dishwasher Energy Star (2011) 8.45 $5.61 15 1.00 $0.06
Appliances Refrigerator Baseline - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Appliances Refrigerator Energy Star 62.37 $20.17 20 - $0.02
Appliances Refrigerator Baseline (2014) 114.24 $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Refrigerator Energy Star (2014) 182.79 $88.71 13 1.02 $0.05
Appliances Freezer Baseline - $0.00 22 - $0.00
Appliances Freezer Energy Star 48.14 $3.98 22 - $0.01
Appliances Freezer Baseline (2014) 111.72 -$145.00 11 1.00 -$0.14
Appliances Freezer Energy Star (2014) 178.76 -$112.83 11 1.01 -$0.07
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Baseline - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Energy Star 80.17 $20.67 20 - $0.02
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Baseline (2014) 146.86 $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
705
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting B-15
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Energy Star (2014) 234.98 $88.71 13 1.01 $0.04
Appliances Stove Baseline - $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Stove Convection Oven 10.66 $1.86 13 1.00 $0.02
Appliances Stove Induction (High
Efficiency) 53.32 $1,432.20 13 0.39 $2.59
Appliances Microwave Baseline - $0.00 9 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Baseline - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Energy Star 87.57 $1.20 5 1.01 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Climate Savers 125.09 $175.49 5 0.85 $0.30
Electronics TVs Baseline - $0.00 11 1.00 $0.00
Electronics TVs Energy Star 57.91 $0.56 11 1.02 $0.00
Electronics Set-top
boxes/DVR Baseline - $0.00 11 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Set-top
boxes/DVR Energy Star 31.55 $0.56 11 1.01 $0.00
Electronics Devices and
Gadgets Devices and Gadgets - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Pool Pump Baseline Pump - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Pool Pump High Efficiency Pump 155.66 $85.00 15 1.01 $0.05
Miscellaneous Pool Pump Two-Speed Pump 622.65 $579.00 15 0.88 $0.08
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan Baseline - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan Furnace Fan with
ECM 157.58 $0.64 18 1.28 $0.00
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00

706
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
B-16 www.enernoc.com
Table B-5 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Single Family, Existing Vintage, Idaho
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
Cooling Central AC SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Central AC SEER 14 (Energy Star) 105.03 $277.86 15 1.40 $0.23
Cooling Central AC SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 144.12 $555.71 15 0.94 $0.33
Cooling Central AC SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 176.85 $833.57 15 0.89 $0.41
Cooling Central AC Ductless Mini-Split
System 317.18 $4,399.48 20 0.64 $0.98
Cooling Room AC EER 9.8 - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Cooling Room AC EER 10.8 (Energy
Star) 41.90 $104.04 10 0.83 $0.29
Cooling Room AC EER 11 49.45 $282.26 10 0.63 $0.68
Cooling Room AC EER 11.5 66.94 $625.50 10 0.43 $1.11
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 14 (Energy Star) 77.25 $0.00 15 1.30 $0.00
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 87.61 $0.00 15 0.89 $0.00
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 107.51 $0.00 15 0.84 $0.00
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump
Ductless Mini-Split
System 192.81 $0.00 20 0.85 $0.00
Cooling Geothermal Heat
Pump Standard - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Cooling Geothermal Heat
Pump High Efficiency 94.35 $0.00 15 0.91 $0.00
Cooling Ductless HP Ductless Mini-Split
System - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Electric
Resistance Electric Resistance - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Electric
Resistance
Ductless Mini-Split
System 3,785.99 $156.87 20 1.35 $0.00
Space Heating Electric Furnace 3400 BTU/KW - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Supplemental Supplemental - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 14 (Energy Star) 132.94 $67.05 15 1.30 $0.04
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 1,048.86 $2,318.20 15 0.89 $0.19
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 1,287.08 $3,504.51 15 0.84 $0.24
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump
Ductless Mini-Split
System 2,308.39 $5,655.04 20 0.85 $0.17
Space Heating Geothermal Heat
Pump Standard - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Geothermal Heat
Pump High Efficiency 728.55 $1,500.00 15 0.91 $0.18
Space Heating Ductless HP Ductless Mini-Split
System - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal
High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 217.82 $77.11 15 1.03 $0.03
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal EF 2.3 (HP) 2,099.63 $1,761.86 15 0.87 $0.07
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal Solar 2,931.16 $6,214.86 15 0.44 $0.18
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal
High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 277.36 $97.23 15 1.03 $0.03
Water Heating Water Heater > EF 2.3 (HP) 2,100.85 $1,691.15 15 0.90 $0.07
707
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting B-17
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
55 Gal
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal Solar 1,877.26 $6,144.15 15 0.43 $0.28
Interior
Lighting Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 4 - $0.00
Interior
Lighting Screw-in Infrared Halogen 282.89 $188.19 5 1.00 $0.14
Interior
Lighting Screw-in CFL 898.35 $33.82 6 2.59 $0.01
Interior
Lighting Screw-in LED 1,227.82 $1,937.55 12 - $0.16
Interior
Lighting Screw-in LED 1,227.82 $1,937.55 12 - $0.16
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T12 - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T8 11.77 -$3.50 6 1.14 -$0.05
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent Super T8 35.25 $28.01 6 0.71 $0.15
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T5 36.64 $47.43 6 0.56 $0.24
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent LED 38.43 $416.33 10 0.20 $1.28
Interior
Lighting Specialty Halogen - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Specialty CFL 276.84 $1.92 7 1.93 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Specialty LED 291.27 $522.52 12 0.30 $0.18
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 4 - $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in Infrared Halogen 97.55 $49.25 5 1.00 $0.11
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in CFL 331.06 -$1.19 3 4.38 $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in LED 384.28 $726.99 12 - $0.19
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in LED 384.28 $726.99 12 - $0.19
Appliances Clothes Washer Baseline - $0.00 14 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Washer Energy Star (MEF >
1.8) 51.92 $69.81 14 - $0.12
Appliances Clothes Washer Horizontal Axis 71.68 $150.80 14 1.00 $0.19
Appliances Clothes Dryer Baseline - $0.00 13 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Dryer Moisture Detection 76.97 $48.40 13 1.00 $0.06
Appliances Dishwasher Baseline - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Dishwasher Energy Star 64.27 $460.95 9 - $0.93
Appliances Dishwasher Energy Star (2011) 8.42 $5.61 15 1.00 $0.06
Appliances Refrigerator Baseline - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Appliances Refrigerator Energy Star 55.03 $20.17 20 - $0.03
Appliances Refrigerator Baseline (2014) 100.80 $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Refrigerator Energy Star (2014) 161.28 $88.71 13 1.01 $0.05
Appliances Freezer Baseline - $0.00 22 - $0.00
Appliances Freezer Energy Star 44.98 $3.98 22 - $0.01
Appliances Freezer Baseline (2014) 104.39 -$145.00 11 1.00 -$0.15
Appliances Freezer Energy Star (2014) 167.03 -$112.83 11 1.00 -$0.07
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Baseline - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Energy Star 75.16 $20.67 20 - $0.02
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Baseline (2014) 137.68 $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Energy Star (2014) 220.29 $88.71 13 1.01 $0.04
708
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
B-18 www.enernoc.com
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
Appliances Stove Baseline - $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Stove Convection Oven 10.67 $1.86 13 1.00 $0.02
Appliances Stove Induction (High
Efficiency) 53.33 $1,432.20 13 0.38 $2.59
Appliances Microwave Baseline - $0.00 9 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Baseline - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Energy Star 89.47 $1.20 5 1.01 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Climate Savers 127.82 $175.49 5 0.85 $0.30
Electronics TVs Baseline - $0.00 11 1.00 $0.00
Electronics TVs Energy Star 52.12 $0.56 11 1.02 $0.00
Electronics Set-top
boxes/DVR Baseline - $0.00 11 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Set-top
boxes/DVR Energy Star 31.55 $0.56 11 1.01 $0.00
Electronics Devices and
Gadgets Devices and Gadgets - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Pool Pump Baseline Pump - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Pool Pump High Efficiency Pump 137.76 $85.00 15 1.00 $0.05
Miscellaneous Pool Pump Two-Speed Pump 551.02 $579.00 15 0.83 $0.09
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan Baseline - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan Furnace Fan with
ECM 165.46 $0.64 18 1.29 $0.00
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00

709
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting B-19
Table B-6 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Single Family, New Vintage, Idaho
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
Cooling Central AC SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Central AC SEER 14 (Energy Star) 133.52 $277.86 15 1.40 $0.18
Cooling Central AC SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 177.85 $555.71 15 0.95 $0.27
Cooling Central AC SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 215.06 $833.57 15 0.90 $0.34
Cooling Central AC Ductless Mini-Split
System 403.30 $4,399.48 20 0.64 $0.77
Cooling Room AC EER 9.8 - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Cooling Room AC EER 10.8 (Energy
Star) 52.10 $104.04 10 0.84 $0.24
Cooling Room AC EER 11 61.40 $282.26 10 0.64 $0.55
Cooling Room AC EER 11.5 83.26 $625.50 10 0.44 $0.89
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 14 (Energy Star) 98.49 $67.05 15 1.30 $0.06
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 108.40 $2,318.20 15 0.92 $1.85
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 131.09 $3,504.51 15 0.87 $2.31
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump
Ductless Mini-Split
System 245.83 $5,655.04 20 0.88 $1.63
Cooling Geothermal Heat
Pump Standard - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Cooling Geothermal Heat
Pump High Efficiency 112.33 $1,500.00 15 0.92 $1.15
Cooling Ductless HP Ductless Mini-Split
System - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Electric
Resistance Electric Resistance - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Electric
Resistance
Ductless Mini-Split
System 4,353.88 $156.87 20 1.37 $0.00
Space Heating Electric Furnace 3400 BTU/KW - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Supplemental Supplemental - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 14 (Energy Star) 169.49 $67.05 15 1.30 $0.03
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 1,297.83 $2,318.20 15 0.92 $0.15
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 1,569.38 $3,504.51 15 0.87 $0.19
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump
Ductless Mini-Split
System 2,943.09 $5,655.04 20 0.88 $0.14
Space Heating Geothermal Heat
Pump Standard - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Geothermal Heat
Pump High Efficiency 867.38 $1,500.00 15 0.92 $0.15
Space Heating Ductless HP Ductless Mini-Split
System - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal
High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 217.82 $77.11 15 1.03 $0.03
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal EF 2.3 (HP) 2,099.63 $1,761.86 15 0.87 $0.07
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal Solar 2,931.16 $6,214.86 15 0.44 $0.18
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal
High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 277.36 $97.23 15 1.03 $0.03
Water Heating Water Heater > EF 2.3 (HP) 2,100.85 $1,691.15 15 0.90 $0.07
710
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
B-20 www.enernoc.com
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
55 Gal
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal Solar 1,877.26 $6,144.15 15 0.43 $0.28
Interior
Lighting Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 4 - $0.00
Interior
Lighting Screw-in Infrared Halogen 322.96 $188.19 5 1.00 $0.13
Interior
Lighting Screw-in CFL 1,025.61 $33.82 6 2.51 $0.01
Interior
Lighting Screw-in LED 1,401.74 $1,937.55 12 - $0.14
Interior
Lighting Screw-in LED 1,401.74 $1,937.55 12 - $0.14
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T12 - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T8 13.85 -$3.50 6 1.13 -$0.05
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent Super T8 41.50 $28.01 6 0.74 $0.12
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T5 43.14 $47.43 6 0.59 $0.20
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent LED 45.26 $416.33 10 0.21 $1.09
Interior
Lighting Specialty Halogen - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Specialty CFL 318.36 -$6.40 7 2.32 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Specialty LED 334.96 $164.04 12 0.77 $0.05
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 4 - $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in Infrared Halogen 173.38 $20.17 5 1.00 $0.03
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in CFL 491.00 $0.00 3 4.30 $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in LED 620.11 $88.71 12 - $0.01
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in LED 620.11 $88.71 12 - $0.01
Appliances Clothes Washer Baseline - $0.00 14 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Washer Energy Star (MEF >
1.8) 100.07 $3.98 14 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Washer Horizontal Axis 183.40 -$145.00 14 1.00 -$0.07
Appliances Clothes Dryer Baseline - $0.00 13 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Dryer Moisture Detection 76.97 $48.40 13 1.00 $0.06
Appliances Dishwasher Baseline - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Dishwasher Energy Star 64.52 $460.95 9 - $0.92
Appliances Dishwasher Energy Star (2011) 8.45 $5.61 15 1.00 $0.06
Appliances Refrigerator Baseline - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Appliances Refrigerator Energy Star 62.37 $20.17 20 - $0.02
Appliances Refrigerator Baseline (2014) 114.24 $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Refrigerator Energy Star (2014) 182.79 $88.71 13 1.02 $0.05
Appliances Freezer Baseline - $0.00 22 - $0.00
Appliances Freezer Energy Star 48.14 $3.98 22 - $0.01
Appliances Freezer Baseline (2014) 111.72 -$145.00 11 1.00 -$0.14
Appliances Freezer Energy Star (2014) 178.76 -$112.83 11 1.00 -$0.07
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Baseline - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Energy Star 80.17 $20.67 20 - $0.02
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Baseline (2014) 146.86 $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Energy Star (2014) 234.98 $88.71 13 1.01 $0.04
711
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting B-21
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
Appliances Stove Baseline - $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Stove Convection Oven 11.73 $1.86 13 1.00 $0.02
Appliances Stove Induction (High
Efficiency) 58.65 $1,432.20 13 0.38 $2.35
Appliances Microwave Baseline - $0.00 9 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Baseline - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Energy Star 87.57 $1.20 5 1.01 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Climate Savers 125.09 $175.49 5 0.85 $0.30
Electronics TVs Baseline - $0.00 11 1.00 $0.00
Electronics TVs Energy Star 57.91 $0.56 11 1.02 $0.00
Electronics Set-top
boxes/DVR Baseline - $0.00 11 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Set-top
boxes/DVR Energy Star 31.55 $0.56 11 1.01 $0.00
Electronics Devices and
Gadgets Devices and Gadgets - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Pool Pump Baseline Pump - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Pool Pump High Efficiency Pump 155.66 $85.00 15 1.01 $0.05
Miscellaneous Pool Pump Two-Speed Pump 622.65 $579.00 15 0.87 $0.08
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan Baseline - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan Furnace Fan with
ECM 165.46 $0.64 18 1.29 $0.00
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00

712
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
B-22 www.enernoc.com
Table B-7 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Multi Family, Existing Vintage,
Washington
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
Cooling Central AC SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Central AC SEER 14 (Energy Star) 41.57 $92.62 15 1.40 $0.19
Cooling Central AC SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 81.72 $185.24 15 0.96 $0.20
Cooling Central AC SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 115.28 $277.86 15 0.93 $0.21
Cooling Central AC Ductless Mini-Split
System 150.88 $2,012.28 20 0.62 $0.94
Cooling Room AC EER 9.8 - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Cooling Room AC EER 10.8 (Energy
Star) 32.61 $52.02 10 0.86 $0.19
Cooling Room AC EER 11 38.42 $141.13 10 0.66 $0.44
Cooling Room AC EER 11.5 52.05 $312.75 10 0.46 $0.71
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 14 (Energy Star) 44.14 $1,245.78 15 1.30 $2.44
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 71.87 $2,315.13 15 0.92 $2.79
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 101.38 $3,277.48 15 0.85 $2.80
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump
Ductless Mini-Split
System 132.69 $5,022.03 20 0.85 $2.68
Cooling Geothermal Heat
Pump Standard - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Cooling Geothermal Heat
Pump High Efficiency 63.75 $1,500.00 15 0.89 $2.03
Cooling Ductless HP Ductless Mini-Split
System - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Electric
Resistance Electric Resistance - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Electric
Resistance
Ductless Mini-Split
System 1,812.94 $156.87 20 1.27 $0.01
Space Heating Electric Furnace 3400 BTU/KW - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Supplemental Supplemental - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 14 (Energy Star) 172.19 $1,245.78 15 1.30 $0.63
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 538.74 $2,315.13 15 0.92 $0.37
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 760.01 $3,277.48 15 0.85 $0.37
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump
Ductless Mini-Split
System 994.66 $5,022.03 20 0.85 $0.36
Space Heating Geothermal Heat
Pump Standard - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Geothermal Heat
Pump High Efficiency 416.01 $1,500.00 15 0.89 $0.31
Space Heating Ductless HP Ductless Mini-Split
System - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal
High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 110.09 $77.11 15 1.01 $0.06
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal EF 2.3 (HP) 1,061.19 $1,761.86 15 0.64 $0.14
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal Solar 1,202.35 $6,214.86 15 0.27 $0.45
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater > High Efficiency 182.05 $97.23 15 1.02 $0.05
713
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting B-23
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
55 Gal (EF=0.95)
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal EF 2.3 (HP) 1,378.92 $1,691.15 15 0.78 $0.11
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal Solar 1,231.85 $6,144.15 15 0.35 $0.43
Interior
Lighting Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 4 - $0.00
Interior
Lighting Screw-in Infrared Halogen 163.13 $134.14 5 1.00 $0.18
Interior
Lighting Screw-in CFL 518.03 $12.45 6 2.94 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Screw-in LED 708.02 $1,161.45 12 - $0.17
Interior
Lighting Screw-in LED 708.02 $1,161.45 12 - $0.17
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T12 - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T8 7.79 -$1.83 6 1.13 -$0.04
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent Super T8 23.35 $14.59 6 0.76 $0.11
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T5 24.27 $24.70 6 0.61 $0.19
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent LED 25.46 $216.84 10 0.23 $1.01
Interior
Lighting Specialty Halogen - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Specialty CFL 105.71 $0.77 7 1.91 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Specialty LED 111.22 $209.01 12 0.29 $0.19
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 4 - $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in Infrared Halogen 5.39 $5.08 5 1.00 $0.20
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in CFL 18.28 -$0.32 3 5.74 -$0.01
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in LED 21.22 $1,167.57 12 - $5.64
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in LED 21.22 $1,167.57 12 - $5.64
Appliances Clothes Washer Baseline - $0.00 14 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Washer Energy Star (MEF >
1.8) 41.54 $69.81 14 - $0.15
Appliances Clothes Washer Horizontal Axis 57.34 $150.80 14 1.00 $0.24
Appliances Clothes Dryer Baseline - $0.00 13 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Dryer Moisture Detection 61.35 $48.40 13 1.00 $0.08
Appliances Dishwasher Baseline - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Dishwasher Energy Star 51.42 $460.95 15 - $0.78
Appliances Dishwasher Energy Star (2011) 6.74 $5.61 15 1.00 $0.07
Appliances Refrigerator Baseline - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Appliances Refrigerator Energy Star 44.02 $20.17 20 - $0.03
Appliances Refrigerator Baseline (2014) 80.64 $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Refrigerator Energy Star (2014) 129.03 $88.71 13 1.01 $0.07
Appliances Freezer Baseline - $0.00 22 - $0.00
Appliances Freezer Energy Star 35.99 $3.98 22 - $0.01
Appliances Freezer Baseline (2014) 83.52 -$145.00 11 1.00 -$0.19
Appliances Freezer Energy Star (2014) 133.62 -$112.83 11 0.99 -$0.09
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Baseline - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Energy Star 60.13 $20.67 20 - $0.02
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Baseline (2014) 110.14 $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
714
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
B-24 www.enernoc.com
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Energy Star (2014) 176.23 $88.71 13 1.01 $0.05
Appliances Stove Baseline - $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Stove Convection Oven 8.53 $1.86 13 1.00 $0.02
Appliances Stove Induction (High
Efficiency) 42.66 $1,432.20 13 0.38 $3.23
Appliances Microwave Baseline - $0.00 9 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Baseline - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Energy Star 71.58 $1.20 5 1.01 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Climate Savers 102.26 $175.49 5 0.85 $0.37
Electronics TVs Baseline - $0.00 11 1.00 $0.00
Electronics TVs Energy Star 46.91 $0.56 11 1.02 $0.00
Electronics Set-top
boxes/DVR Baseline - $0.00 11 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Set-top
boxes/DVR Energy Star 31.55 $0.56 11 1.01 $0.00
Electronics Devices and
Gadgets Devices and Gadgets - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Pool Pump Baseline Pump - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Pool Pump High Efficiency Pump 137.76 $85.00 15 1.00 $0.05
Miscellaneous Pool Pump Two-Speed Pump 551.02 $579.00 15 0.83 $0.09
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan Baseline - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan Furnace Fan with
ECM 126.06 $0.00 18 1.27 $0.00
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00

715
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting B-25
Table B-8 Energy EfficiencyEquipment Data, Electric—Multi Family, New Vintage, Washington
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
Cooling Central AC SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Central AC SEER 14 (Energy Star) 53.20 $92.62 15 1.40 $0.15
Cooling Central AC SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 103.85 $185.24 15 0.97 $0.15
Cooling Central AC SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 146.35 $277.86 15 0.93 $0.16
Cooling Central AC Ductless Mini-Split
System 192.62 $2,012.28 20 0.63 $0.74
Cooling Room AC EER 9.8 - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Cooling Room AC EER 10.8 (Energy
Star) 40.50 $52.02 10 0.87 $0.15
Cooling Room AC EER 11 47.72 $141.13 10 0.69 $0.35
Cooling Room AC EER 11.5 64.71 $312.75 10 0.49 $0.57
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 14 (Energy Star) 56.37 $1,245.78 15 1.30 $1.91
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 91.36 $2,315.13 15 0.94 $2.19
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 128.74 $3,277.48 15 0.88 $2.20
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump
Ductless Mini-Split
System 169.45 $5,022.03 20 0.87 $2.10
Cooling Geothermal Heat
Pump Standard - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Cooling Geothermal Heat
Pump High Efficiency 75.90 $1,500.00 15 0.90 $1.71
Cooling Ductless HP Ductless Mini-Split
System - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Electric
Resistance Electric Resistance - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Electric
Resistance
Ductless Mini-Split
System 2,084.88 $156.87 20 1.29 $0.01
Space Heating Electric Furnace 3400 BTU/KW - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Supplemental Supplemental - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 14 (Energy Star) 219.90 $1,245.78 15 1.30 $0.49
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 684.88 $2,315.13 15 0.94 $0.29
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 965.10 $3,277.48 15 0.88 $0.29
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump
Ductless Mini-Split
System 1,270.27 $5,022.03 20 0.87 $0.28
Space Heating Geothermal Heat
Pump Standard - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Geothermal Heat
Pump High Efficiency 495.28 $1,500.00 15 0.90 $0.26
Space Heating Ductless HP Ductless Mini-Split
System - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal
High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 110.09 $77.11 15 1.01 $0.06
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal EF 2.3 (HP) 1,061.19 $1,761.86 15 0.64 $0.14
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal Solar 1,202.35 $6,214.86 15 0.27 $0.45
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal
High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 182.05 $97.23 15 1.02 $0.05
Water Heating Water Heater > EF 2.3 (HP) 1,378.92 $1,691.15 15 0.78 $0.11
716
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
B-26 www.enernoc.com
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
55 Gal
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal Solar 1,231.85 $6,144.15 15 0.35 $0.43
Interior
Lighting Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 4 - $0.00
Interior
Lighting Screw-in Infrared Halogen 186.22 $134.14 5 1.00 $0.16
Interior
Lighting Screw-in CFL 591.38 $12.45 6 2.81 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Screw-in LED 808.26 $1,381.00 12 - $0.18
Interior
Lighting Screw-in LED 808.26 $1,381.00 12 - $0.18
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T12 - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T8 9.18 -$1.83 6 1.13 -$0.04
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent Super T8 27.49 $14.59 6 0.80 $0.10
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T5 28.58 $24.70 6 0.65 $0.16
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent LED 29.98 $216.84 10 0.24 $0.86
Interior
Lighting Specialty Halogen - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Specialty CFL 121.57 -$13.05 7 3.30 -$0.02
Interior
Lighting Specialty LED 127.91 $62.12 12 1.02 $0.05
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 4 - $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in Infrared Halogen 6.13 $5.08 5 1.00 $0.18
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in CFL 20.80 -$0.32 3 5.55 -$0.01
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in LED 24.14 $75.05 12 - $0.32
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in LED 24.14 $75.05 12 - $0.32
Appliances Clothes Washer Baseline - $0.00 14 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Washer Energy Star (MEF >
1.8) 41.54 $69.81 14 - $0.15
Appliances Clothes Washer Horizontal Axis 57.34 $150.80 14 1.00 $0.24
Appliances Clothes Dryer Baseline - $0.00 13 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Dryer Moisture Detection 61.35 $48.40 13 1.00 $0.08
Appliances Dishwasher Baseline - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Dishwasher Energy Star 51.61 $460.95 9 - $1.15
Appliances Dishwasher Energy Star (2011) 6.76 $5.61 15 1.00 $0.07
Appliances Refrigerator Baseline - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Appliances Refrigerator Energy Star 49.89 $20.17 20 - $0.03
Appliances Refrigerator Baseline (2014) 91.39 $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Refrigerator Energy Star (2014) 146.23 $88.71 13 1.01 $0.06
Appliances Freezer Baseline - $0.00 22 - $0.00
Appliances Freezer Energy Star 38.51 $3.98 22 - $0.01
Appliances Freezer Baseline (2014) 89.38 -$145.00 11 1.00 -$0.18
Appliances Freezer Energy Star (2014) 143.01 -$112.83 11 1.00 -$0.09
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Baseline - $0.00 13 - $0.00
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Energy Star 64.14 $20.67 20 - $0.02
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Baseline (2014) 117.49 $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Energy Star (2014) 187.98 $88.71 13 1.01 $0.05
717
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting B-27
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
Appliances Stove Baseline - $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Stove Convection Oven 8.53 $1.86 13 1.00 $0.02
Appliances Stove Induction (High
Efficiency) 42.66 $1,432.20 13 0.38 $3.23
Appliances Microwave Baseline - $0.00 9 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Baseline - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Energy Star 70.05 $1.20 5 1.01 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Climate Savers 100.08 $175.49 5 0.85 $0.38
Electronics TVs Baseline - $0.00 11 1.00 $0.00
Electronics TVs Energy Star 52.12 $0.56 11 1.02 $0.00
Electronics Set-top
boxes/DVR Baseline - $0.00 11 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Set-top
boxes/DVR Energy Star 31.55 $0.56 11 1.01 $0.00
Electronics Devices and
Gadgets Devices and Gadgets - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Pool Pump Baseline Pump - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Pool Pump High Efficiency Pump 155.66 $85.00 15 1.01 $0.05
Miscellaneous Pool Pump Two-Speed Pump 622.65 $579.00 15 0.88 $0.08
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan Baseline - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan Furnace Fan with
ECM 126.06 $0.64 18 1.27 $0.00
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00

718
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
B-28 www.enernoc.com
Table B-9 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Multi Family, Existing Vintage, Idaho
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
Cooling Central AC SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Central AC SEER 14 (Energy Star) 35.49 $92.62 15 1.40 $0.23
Cooling Central AC SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 69.76 $185.24 15 0.96 $0.23
Cooling Central AC SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 98.42 $277.86 15 0.92 $0.24
Cooling Central AC Ductless Mini-Split
System 128.81 $2,012.28 20 0.62 $1.11
Cooling Room AC EER 9.8 - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Cooling Room AC EER 10.8 (Energy
Star) 27.73 $52.02 10 0.84 $0.22
Cooling Room AC EER 11 32.67 $141.13 10 0.65 $0.51
Cooling Room AC EER 11.5 44.26 $312.75 10 0.45 $0.84
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 14 (Energy Star) 37.52 $1,245.78 15 1.30 $2.87
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 61.09 $2,315.13 15 0.92 $3.28
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 86.18 $3,277.48 15 0.85 $3.29
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump
Ductless Mini-Split
System 112.78 $5,022.03 20 0.84 $3.15
Cooling Geothermal Heat
Pump Standard - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Cooling Geothermal Heat
Pump High Efficiency 54.19 $1,500.00 15 0.87 $2.39
Cooling Ductless HP Ductless Mini-Split
System - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Electric
Resistance Electric Resistance - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Electric
Resistance
Ductless Mini-Split
System 1,704.17 $156.87 20 1.27 $0.01
Space Heating Electric Furnace 3400 BTU/KW - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Supplemental Supplemental - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 14 (Energy Star) 161.86 $1,245.78 15 1.30 $0.67
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 506.41 $2,315.13 15 0.92 $0.40
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 714.41 $3,277.48 15 0.85 $0.40
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump
Ductless Mini-Split
System 934.98 $5,022.03 20 0.84 $0.38
Space Heating Geothermal Heat
Pump Standard - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Geothermal Heat
Pump High Efficiency 391.05 $1,500.00 15 0.87 $0.33
Space Heating Ductless HP Ductless Mini-Split
System - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal
High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 103.48 $77.11 15 1.00 $0.06
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal EF 2.3 (HP) 997.52 $1,761.86 15 0.57 $0.15
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal Solar 1,130.20 $6,214.86 15 0.24 $0.48
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal
High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 171.13 $97.23 15 1.01 $0.05
Water Heating Water Heater > EF 2.3 (HP) 1,296.19 $1,691.15 15 0.71 $0.11
719
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting B-29
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
55 Gal
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal Solar 1,158.24 $6,144.15 15 0.31 $0.46
Interior
Lighting Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 4 - $0.00
Interior
Lighting Screw-in Infrared Halogen 153.34 $134.14 5 1.00 $0.19
Interior
Lighting Screw-in CFL 486.95 $12.45 6 3.12 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Screw-in LED 665.53 $1,161.45 12 - $0.18
Interior
Lighting Screw-in LED 665.53 $1,161.45 12 - $0.18
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T12 - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T8 7.33 -$1.83 6 1.13 -$0.05
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent Super T8 21.95 $14.59 6 0.75 $0.12
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T5 22.81 $24.70 6 0.60 $0.20
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent LED 23.93 $216.84 10 0.22 $1.07
Interior
Lighting Specialty Halogen - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Specialty CFL 99.37 $0.77 7 1.91 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Specialty LED 104.55 $209.01 12 0.28 $0.20
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 4 - $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in Infrared Halogen 5.06 $5.08 5 1.00 $0.22
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in CFL 17.18 -$0.32 3 5.89 -$0.01
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in LED 19.94 $1,167.57 12 - $6.00
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in LED 19.94 $1,167.57 12 - $6.00
Appliances Clothes Washer Baseline - $0.00 14 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Washer Energy Star (MEF >
1.8) 39.05 $69.81 14 - $0.16
Appliances Clothes Washer Horizontal Axis 53.90 $150.80 14 1.00 $0.25
Appliances Clothes Dryer Baseline - $0.00 13 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Dryer Moisture Detection 57.67 $48.40 13 1.00 $0.08
Appliances Dishwasher Baseline - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Dishwasher Energy Star 48.33 $460.95 9 - $1.23
Appliances Dishwasher Energy Star (2011) 6.33 $5.61 15 0.99 $0.08
Appliances Refrigerator Baseline - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Appliances Refrigerator Energy Star 41.38 $20.17 20 - $0.03
Appliances Refrigerator Baseline (2014) 75.80 $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Refrigerator Energy Star (2014) 121.28 $88.71 13 1.01 $0.07
Appliances Freezer Baseline - $0.00 22 - $0.00
Appliances Freezer Energy Star 33.83 $3.98 22 - $0.01
Appliances Freezer Baseline (2014) 78.50 -$145.00 11 1.00 -$0.20
Appliances Freezer Energy Star (2014) 125.61 -$112.83 11 0.99 -$0.10
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Baseline - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Energy Star 56.52 $20.67 20 - $0.03
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Baseline (2014) 103.54 $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Energy Star (2014) 165.66 $88.71 13 1.00 $0.05
720
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
B-30 www.enernoc.com
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
Appliances Stove Baseline - $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Stove Convection Oven 8.02 $1.86 13 1.00 $0.02
Appliances Stove Induction (High
Efficiency) 40.10 $1,432.20 13 0.37 $3.44
Appliances Microwave Baseline - $0.00 9 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Baseline - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Energy Star 67.28 $1.20 5 1.01 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Climate Savers 96.12 $175.49 5 0.85 $0.39
Electronics TVs Baseline - $0.00 11 1.00 $0.00
Electronics TVs Energy Star 44.09 $0.56 11 1.02 $0.00
Electronics Set-top
boxes/DVR Baseline - $0.00 11 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Set-top
boxes/DVR Energy Star 29.65 $0.56 11 1.01 $0.00
Electronics Devices and
Gadgets Devices and Gadgets - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Pool Pump Baseline Pump - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Pool Pump High Efficiency Pump 129.49 $85.00 15 1.00 $0.06
Miscellaneous Pool Pump Two-Speed Pump 517.96 $579.00 15 0.81 $0.10
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan Baseline - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan Furnace Fan with
ECM 118.50 $0.00 18 1.27 $0.00
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00

721
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting B-31
Table B-10 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Multi Family, New Vintage, Idaho
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
Cooling Central AC SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Central AC SEER 14 (Energy Star) 45.42 $92.62 15 1.40 $0.18
Cooling Central AC SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 88.66 $185.24 15 0.96 $0.18
Cooling Central AC SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 124.94 $277.86 15 0.93 $0.19
Cooling Central AC Ductless Mini-Split
System 164.44 $2,012.28 20 0.63 $0.87
Cooling Room AC EER 9.8 - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Cooling Room AC EER 10.8 (Energy
Star) 34.44 $52.02 10 0.86 $0.18
Cooling Room AC EER 11 40.58 $141.13 10 0.67 $0.41
Cooling Room AC EER 11.5 55.03 $312.75 10 0.47 $0.67
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 14 (Energy Star) 47.92 $1,245.78 15 1.30 $2.25
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 77.66 $2,315.13 15 0.93 $2.58
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 109.43 $3,277.48 15 0.87 $2.59
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump
Ductless Mini-Split
System 144.03 $5,022.03 20 0.86 $2.47
Cooling Geothermal Heat
Pump Standard - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Cooling Geothermal Heat
Pump High Efficiency 64.51 $1,500.00 15 0.87 $2.01
Cooling Ductless HP Ductless Mini-Split
System - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Electric
Resistance Electric Resistance - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Electric
Resistance
Ductless Mini-Split
System 1,959.79 $156.87 20 1.29 $0.01
Space Heating Electric Furnace 3400 BTU/KW - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Supplemental Supplemental - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 14 (Energy Star) 206.71 $1,245.78 15 1.30 $0.52
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 643.79 $2,315.13 15 0.93 $0.31
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 907.19 $3,277.48 15 0.87 $0.31
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump
Ductless Mini-Split
System 1,194.05 $5,022.03 20 0.86 $0.30
Space Heating Geothermal Heat
Pump Standard - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Geothermal Heat
Pump High Efficiency 465.56 $1,500.00 15 0.87 $0.28
Space Heating Ductless HP Ductless Mini-Split
System - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal
High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 103.48 $77.11 15 1.00 $0.06
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal EF 2.3 (HP) 997.52 $1,761.86 15 0.57 $0.15
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal Solar 1,130.20 $6,214.86 15 0.24 $0.48
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal
High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 171.13 $97.23 15 1.01 $0.05
Water Heating Water Heater > EF 2.3 (HP) 1,296.19 $1,691.15 15 0.71 $0.11
722
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
B-32 www.enernoc.com
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
55 Gal
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal Solar 1,158.24 $6,144.15 15 0.31 $0.46
Interior
Lighting Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 4 - $0.00
Interior
Lighting Screw-in Infrared Halogen 175.05 $134.14 5 1.00 $0.17
Interior
Lighting Screw-in CFL 555.89 $12.45 6 2.98 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Screw-in LED 759.76 $1,381.00 12 - $0.19
Interior
Lighting Screw-in LED 759.76 $1,381.00 12 - $0.19
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T12 - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T8 8.63 -$1.83 6 1.13 -$0.04
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent Super T8 25.84 $14.59 6 0.78 $0.10
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T5 26.86 $24.70 6 0.63 $0.17
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent LED 28.18 $216.84 10 0.23 $0.91
Interior
Lighting Specialty Halogen - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Specialty CFL 114.28 -$13.07 7 3.40 -$0.02
Interior
Lighting Specialty LED 120.23 $61.68 12 1.01 $0.05
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 4 - $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in Infrared Halogen 5.76 $5.08 5 1.00 $0.19
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in CFL 19.55 -$0.34 3 5.79 -$0.01
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in LED 22.70 $75.05 12 - $0.34
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in LED 22.70 $75.05 12 - $0.34
Appliances Clothes Washer Baseline - $0.00 14 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Washer Energy Star (MEF >
1.8) 39.05 $69.81 14 - $0.16
Appliances Clothes Washer Horizontal Axis 53.90 $150.80 14 1.00 $0.25
Appliances Clothes Dryer Baseline - $0.00 13 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Dryer Moisture Detection 57.67 $48.40 13 1.00 $0.08
Appliances Dishwasher Baseline - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Dishwasher Energy Star 48.52 $460.95 9 - $1.23
Appliances Dishwasher Energy Star (2011) 6.36 $5.61 15 0.99 $0.08
Appliances Refrigerator Baseline - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Appliances Refrigerator Energy Star 46.90 $20.17 20 - $0.03
Appliances Refrigerator Baseline (2014) 85.91 $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Refrigerator Energy Star (2014) 137.46 $88.71 13 1.01 $0.06
Appliances Freezer Baseline - $0.00 22 - $0.00
Appliances Freezer Energy Star 36.20 $3.98 22 - $0.01
Appliances Freezer Baseline (2014) 84.02 -$145.00 11 1.00 -$0.19
Appliances Freezer Energy Star (2014) 134.43 -$112.83 11 0.99 -$0.09
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Baseline - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Energy Star 60.29 $20.67 20 - $0.02
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Baseline (2014) 110.44 $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Energy Star (2014) 176.70 $88.71 13 1.00 $0.05
723
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting B-33
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
Appliances Stove Baseline - $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Stove Convection Oven 8.02 $1.86 13 1.00 $0.02
Appliances Stove Induction (High
Efficiency) 40.10 $1,432.20 13 0.37 $3.44
Appliances Microwave Baseline - $0.00 9 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Baseline - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Energy Star 65.85 $1.20 5 1.01 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Climate Savers 94.07 $175.49 5 0.85 $0.40
Electronics TVs Baseline - $0.00 11 1.00 $0.00
Electronics TVs Energy Star 48.99 $0.56 11 1.02 $0.00
Electronics Set-top
boxes/DVR Baseline - $0.00 11 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Set-top
boxes/DVR Energy Star 29.65 $0.56 11 1.01 $0.00
Electronics Devices and
Gadgets Devices and Gadgets - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Pool Pump Baseline Pump - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Pool Pump High Efficiency Pump 146.32 $85.00 15 1.01 $0.05
Miscellaneous Pool Pump Two-Speed Pump 585.29 $579.00 15 0.85 $0.09
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan Baseline - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan Furnace Fan with
ECM 118.50 $0.64 18 1.27 $0.00
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00

724
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
B-34 www.enernoc.com
Table B-11 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Mobile Home, Existing Vintage,
Washington
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
Cooling Central AC SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Central AC SEER 14 (Energy Star) 46.32 $277.86 20 1.40 $0.42
Cooling Central AC SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 63.55 $555.71 15 0.78 $0.76
Cooling Central AC SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 77.99 $833.57 15 0.73 $0.92
Cooling Central AC Ductless Mini-Split
System
139.87 $4,399.48 20 0.51 $2.23
Cooling Room AC EER 9.8 - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Cooling Room AC EER 10.8 (Energy
Star)
27.99 $52.02 10 0.85 $0.22
Cooling Room AC EER 11 33.03 $141.13 10 0.65 $0.51
Cooling Room AC EER 11.5 44.72 $312.75 10 0.45 $0.83
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 14 (Energy Star) 43.49 $1,720.87 15 1.30 $3.42
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 40.94 $2,315.13 15 0.96 $4.89
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 50.24 $3,277.48 15 0.88 $5.64
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump
Ductless Mini-Split
System
90.11 $5,022.03 20 0.89 $3.94
Cooling Geothermal Heat
Pump Standard - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Cooling Geothermal Heat
Pump High Efficiency 46.66 $1,500.00 15 0.90 $2.78
Cooling Ductless HP Ductless Mini-Split
System
- $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Electric
Resistance Electric Resistance - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Electric
Resistance
Ductless Mini-Split
System
2,388.11 $156.87 20 1.28 $0.00
Space Heating Electric Furnace 3400 BTU/KW - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Supplemental Supplemental - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 14 (Energy Star) 239.45 $1,720.87 15 1.30 $0.62
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 528.37 $2,315.13 15 0.96 $0.38
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 648.37 $3,277.48 15 0.88 $0.44
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump
Ductless Mini-Split
System
1,162.86 $5,022.03 20 0.89 $0.31
Space Heating Geothermal Heat
Pump Standard - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Geothermal Heat
Pump High Efficiency 813.13 $188.19 15 0.90 $0.02
Space Heating Ductless HP Ductless Mini-Split
System
- $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal
High Efficiency
(EF=0.95)
134.84 $77.11 15 1.01 $0.05
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal EF 2.3 (HP) 1,299.77 $1,761.86 15 0.72 $0.12
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal Solar 1,472.84 $6,214.86 15 0.32 $0.36
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater > High Efficiency 171.70 $97.23 15 1.02 $0.05
725
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting B-35
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
55 Gal (EF=0.95)
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal EF 2.3 (HP) 1,300.53 $1,691.15 15 0.76 $0.11
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal Solar 1,162.12 $6,144.15 15 0.34 $0.46
Interior
Lighting Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 4 - $0.00
Interior
Lighting Screw-in Infrared Halogen 210.16 $188.19 5 1.00 $0.19
Interior
Lighting Screw-in CFL 667.39 $28.57 6 2.81 $0.01
Interior
Lighting Screw-in LED 912.15 $1,353.42 12 - $0.15
Interior
Lighting Screw-in LED 912.15 $1,353.42 12 - $0.15
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T12 - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T8 8.74 -$3.65 6 1.14 -$0.08
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent Super T8 26.18 $29.17 6 0.65 $0.20
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T5 27.22 $49.41 6 0.51 $0.33
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent LED 28.55 $433.68 10 0.17 $1.80
Interior
Lighting Specialty Halogen - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Specialty CFL 205.65 $1.34 7 1.92 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Specialty LED 216.37 $365.76 12 0.31 $0.17
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 4 - $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in Infrared Halogen 72.47 $51.30 5 1.00 $0.15
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in CFL 245.95 -$1.81 3 4.75 $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in LED 285.49 $1,356.06 12 - $0.49
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in LED 285.49 $1,356.06 12 - $0.49
Appliances Clothes Washer Baseline - $0.00 14 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Washer Energy Star (MEF >
1.8)
40.50 $69.81 14 - $0.16
Appliances Clothes Washer Horizontal Axis 55.91 $150.80 14 1.00 $0.25
Appliances Clothes Dryer Baseline - $0.00 13 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Dryer Moisture Detection 60.29 $48.40 13 1.00 $0.08
Appliances Dishwasher Baseline - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Dishwasher Energy Star 50.13 $460.95 9 - $1.19
Appliances Dishwasher Energy Star (2011) 6.57 $5.61 15 1.00 $0.07
Appliances Refrigerator Baseline - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Appliances Refrigerator Energy Star 42.92 $20.17 20 - $0.03
Appliances Refrigerator Baseline (2014) 78.63 $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Refrigerator Energy Star (2014) 125.80 $88.71 13 1.01 $0.07
Appliances Freezer Baseline - $0.00 22 - $0.00
Appliances Freezer Energy Star 35.09 $3.98 22 - $0.01
Appliances Freezer Baseline (2014) 81.43 -$145.00 11 1.00 -$0.20
Appliances Freezer Energy Star (2014) 130.28 -$112.83 11 0.99 -$0.10
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Baseline - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Energy Star 58.63 $20.67 20 - $0.02
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Baseline (2014) 107.39 $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
726
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
B-36 www.enernoc.com
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Energy Star (2014) 171.83 $88.71 13 1.01 $0.05
Appliances Stove Baseline - $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Stove Convection Oven 8.32 $1.86 13 1.00 $0.02
Appliances Stove Induction (High
Efficiency)
41.60 $1,432.20 13 0.37 $3.32
Appliances Microwave Baseline - $0.00 9 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Baseline - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Energy Star 76.05 $1.20 5 1.01 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Climate Savers 108.65 $175.49 5 0.85 $0.35
Electronics TVs Baseline - $0.00 11 1.00 $0.00
Electronics TVs Energy Star 44.30 $0.56 11 1.02 $0.00
Electronics Set-top
boxes/DVR Baseline - $0.00 11 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Set-top
boxes/DVR Energy Star 26.81 $0.56 11 1.01 $0.00
Electronics Devices and
Gadgets Devices and Gadgets - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Pool Pump Baseline Pump - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Pool Pump High Efficiency Pump 103.32 $85.00 15 0.98 $0.07
Miscellaneous Pool Pump Two-Speed Pump 413.27 $579.00 15 0.74 $0.12
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan Baseline - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan Furnace Fan with
ECM
118.18 $0.64 18 1.27 $0.00
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00

727
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting B-37
Table B-12 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Mobile Home, New Vintage,
Washington
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
Cooling Central AC SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Central AC SEER 14 (Energy Star) 55.05 $277.86 15 1.40 $0.44
Cooling Central AC SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 73.33 $555.71 15 0.94 $0.66
Cooling Central AC SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 88.67 $833.57 15 0.89 $0.81
Cooling Central AC Ductless Mini-Split
System 166.28 $4,399.48 20 0.62 $1.87
Cooling Room AC EER 9.8 - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Cooling Room AC EER 10.8 (Energy
Star) 32.54 $52.02 10 0.86 $0.19
Cooling Room AC EER 11 38.34 $141.13 10 0.66 $0.44
Cooling Room AC EER 11.5 51.99 $312.75 10 0.46 $0.71
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 14 (Energy Star) 51.74 $1,720.87 15 1.30 $2.88
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 47.26 $2,315.13 15 0.97 $4.24
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 57.15 $3,277.48 15 0.89 $4.96
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump
Ductless Mini-Split
System 107.18 $5,022.03 20 0.90 $3.32
Cooling Geothermal Heat
Pump Standard - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Cooling Geothermal Heat
Pump High Efficiency 51.93 $1,500.00 15 0.91 $2.50
Cooling Ductless HP Ductless Mini-Split
System - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Electric
Resistance Electric Resistance - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Electric
Resistance
Ductless Mini-Split
System 2,567.22 $156.87 20 1.29 $0.00
Space Heating Electric Furnace 3400 BTU/KW - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Supplemental Supplemental - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 14 (Energy Star) 284.83 $1,720.87 15 1.30 $0.52
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 609.96 $2,315.13 15 0.97 $0.33
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 737.59 $3,277.48 15 0.89 $0.38
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump
Ductless Mini-Split
System 1,383.21 $5,022.03 20 0.90 $0.26
Space Heating Geothermal Heat
Pump Standard - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Geothermal Heat
Pump High Efficiency 671.05 $1,500.00 15 0.91 $0.19
Space Heating Ductless HP Ductless Mini-Split
System - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal
High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 141.18 $77.11 15 1.02 $0.05
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal EF 2.3 (HP) 1,360.93 $1,761.86 15 0.73 $0.11
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal Solar 1,542.14 $6,214.86 15 0.33 $0.35
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater > High Efficiency 179.84 $97.23 15 1.02 $0.05
728
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
B-38 www.enernoc.com
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
55 Gal (EF=0.95)
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal EF 2.3 (HP) 1,362.23 $1,691.15 15 0.77 $0.11
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal Solar 1,217.25 $6,144.15 15 0.35 $0.44
Interior
Lighting Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 4 - $0.00
Interior
Lighting Screw-in Infrared Halogen 229.01 $188.19 5 1.00 $0.18
Interior
Lighting Screw-in CFL 727.25 $28.57 6 2.74 $0.01
Interior
Lighting Screw-in LED 993.96 $1,937.55 12 - $0.20
Interior
Lighting Screw-in LED 993.96 $1,937.55 12 - $0.20
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T12 - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T8 9.82 -$3.65 6 1.14 -$0.07
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent Super T8 29.43 $29.17 6 0.67 $0.18
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T5 30.59 $49.41 6 0.53 $0.30
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent LED 32.09 $433.68 10 0.18 $1.60
Interior
Lighting Specialty Halogen - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Specialty CFL 221.07 -$7.66 7 2.45 -$0.01
Interior
Lighting Specialty LED 232.60 $134.50 12 0.74 $0.06
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 4 - $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in Infrared Halogen 78.72 $51.30 5 1.00 $0.14
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in CFL 267.15 -$2.04 3 4.76 $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in LED 310.10 $757.28 12 - $0.25
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in LED 310.10 $757.28 12 - $0.25
Appliances Clothes Washer Baseline - $0.00 14 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Washer Energy Star (MEF >
1.8) 47.25 $69.81 14 - $0.13
Appliances Clothes Washer Horizontal Axis 65.23 $150.80 14 1.00 $0.21
Appliances Clothes Dryer Baseline - $0.00 13 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Dryer Moisture Detection 65.61 $48.40 13 1.00 $0.07
Appliances Dishwasher Baseline - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Dishwasher Energy Star 54.76 $460.95 9 - $1.09
Appliances Dishwasher Energy Star (2011) 7.17 $5.61 15 1.00 $0.07
Appliances Refrigerator Baseline - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Appliances Refrigerator Energy Star 60.09 $20.17 20 - $0.02
Appliances Refrigerator Baseline (2014) 110.08 $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Refrigerator Energy Star (2014) 176.12 $88.71 13 1.02 $0.05
Appliances Freezer Baseline - $0.00 22 - $0.00
Appliances Freezer Energy Star 48.64 $3.98 22 - $0.01
Appliances Freezer Baseline (2014) 112.87 -$145.00 11 1.00 -$0.14
Appliances Freezer Energy Star (2014) 180.59 -$112.83 11 1.01 -$0.07
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Baseline - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Energy Star 80.12 $20.67 20 - $0.02
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Baseline (2014) 146.77 $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
729
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting B-39
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Energy Star (2014) 234.83 $88.71 13 1.01 $0.04
Appliances Stove Baseline - $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Stove Convection Oven 35.13 $0.56 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Stove Induction (High
Efficiency) 41.59 $0.00 13 0.37 $0.00
Appliances Microwave Baseline - $0.00 9 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Baseline - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Energy Star 74.43 $1.20 5 1.01 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Climate Savers 106.33 $175.49 5 0.85 $0.36
Electronics TVs Baseline - $0.00 11 1.00 $0.00
Electronics TVs Energy Star 49.22 $0.56 11 1.02 $0.00
Electronics Set-top
boxes/DVR Baseline - $0.00 11 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Set-top
boxes/DVR Energy Star 26.81 $0.56 11 1.01 $0.00
Electronics Devices and
Gadgets Devices and Gadgets - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Pool Pump Baseline Pump - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Pool Pump High Efficiency Pump 115.77 $85.00 15 0.99 $0.06
Miscellaneous Pool Pump Two-Speed Pump 463.09 $579.00 15 0.78 $0.11
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan Baseline - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan Furnace Fan with
ECM 118.18 $0.64 18 1.27 $0.00
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00

730
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
B-40 www.enernoc.com
Table B-13 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Mobile Home, Existing Vintage, Idaho
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
Cooling Central AC SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Central AC SEER 14 (Energy Star) 39.83 $277.86 15 1.40 $0.60
Cooling Central AC SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 54.66 $555.71 15 0.94 $0.88
Cooling Central AC SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 67.07 $833.57 15 0.89 $1.07
Cooling Central AC Ductless Mini-Split
System 120.29 $4,399.48 20 0.62 $2.59
Cooling Room AC EER 9.8 - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Cooling Room AC EER 10.8 (Energy
Star) 24.07 $52.02 10 0.84 $0.26
Cooling Room AC EER 11 28.41 $141.13 10 0.64 $0.59
Cooling Room AC EER 11.5 38.46 $312.75 10 0.44 $0.96
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 14 (Energy Star) 37.41 $1,720.87 15 1.30 $3.98
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 35.21 $2,315.13 15 0.96 $5.69
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 43.21 $3,277.48 15 0.88 $6.56
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump
Ductless Mini-Split
System 77.49 $5,022.03 20 0.88 $4.59
Cooling Geothermal Heat
Pump Standard - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Cooling Geothermal Heat
Pump High Efficiency 40.13 $1,500.00 15 0.89 $3.23
Cooling Ductless HP Ductless Mini-Split
System - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Electric
Resistance Electric Resistance - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Electric
Resistance
Ductless Mini-Split
System 2,256.76 $156.87 20 1.27 $0.00
Space Heating Electric Furnace 3400 BTU/KW - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Supplemental Supplemental - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 14 (Energy Star) 226.28 $1,720.87 15 1.30 $0.66
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 499.31 $2,315.13 15 0.96 $0.40
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 612.71 $3,277.48 15 0.88 $0.46
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump
Ductless Mini-Split
System 1,098.90 $5,022.03 20 0.88 $0.32
Space Heating Geothermal Heat
Pump Standard - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Geothermal Heat
Pump High Efficiency 768.40 $188.19 15 0.89 $0.02
Space Heating Ductless HP Ductless Mini-Split
System - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal
High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 127.42 $77.11 15 1.01 $0.05
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal EF 2.3 (HP) 1,228.29 $1,761.86 15 0.64 $0.12
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal Solar 1,391.83 $6,214.86 15 0.27 $0.39
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal
High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 162.25 $97.23 15 1.01 $0.05
Water Heating Water Heater > EF 2.3 (HP) 1,229.00 $1,691.15 15 0.68 $0.12
731
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting B-41
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
55 Gal
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal Solar 1,098.20 $6,144.15 15 0.30 $0.48
Interior
Lighting Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 4 - $0.00
Interior
Lighting Screw-in Infrared Halogen 198.60 $188.19 5 1.00 $0.20
Interior
Lighting Screw-in CFL 630.68 $28.57 6 2.95 $0.01
Interior
Lighting Screw-in LED 861.98 $1,353.42 12 - $0.16
Interior
Lighting Screw-in LED 861.98 $1,353.42 12 - $0.16
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T12 - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T8 8.26 -$3.50 6 1.14 -$0.08
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent Super T8 24.74 $28.01 6 0.65 $0.21
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T5 25.72 $47.43 6 0.50 $0.34
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent LED 26.98 $416.33 10 0.17 $1.83
Interior
Lighting Specialty Halogen - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Specialty CFL 194.34 $1.34 7 1.93 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Specialty LED 204.47 $365.76 12 0.30 $0.18
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 4 - $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in Infrared Halogen 68.48 $49.25 5 1.00 $0.16
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in CFL 232.42 -$1.53 3 4.76 $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in LED 269.78 $1,356.33 12 - $0.52
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in LED 269.78 $1,356.33 12 - $0.52
Appliances Clothes Washer Baseline - $0.00 14 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Washer Energy Star (MEF >
1.8) 38.27 $69.81 14 - $0.17
Appliances Clothes Washer Horizontal Axis 52.83 $150.80 14 1.00 $0.26
Appliances Clothes Dryer Baseline - $0.00 13 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Dryer Moisture Detection 56.98 $48.40 13 1.00 $0.08
Appliances Dishwasher Baseline - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Dishwasher Energy Star 47.38 $460.95 9 - $1.26
Appliances Dishwasher Energy Star (2011) 6.21 $5.61 15 0.99 $0.08
Appliances Refrigerator Baseline - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Appliances Refrigerator Energy Star 40.56 $20.17 20 - $0.04
Appliances Refrigerator Baseline (2014) 74.30 $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Refrigerator Energy Star (2014) 118.88 $88.71 13 1.01 $0.07
Appliances Freezer Baseline - $0.00 22 - $0.00
Appliances Freezer Energy Star 33.16 $3.98 22 - $0.01
Appliances Freezer Baseline (2014) 76.95 -$145.00 11 1.00 -$0.21
Appliances Freezer Energy Star (2014) 123.12 -$112.83 11 0.99 -$0.10
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Baseline - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Energy Star 55.40 $20.67 20 - $0.03
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Baseline (2014) 101.48 $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Energy Star (2014) 162.38 $88.71 13 1.00 $0.05
732
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
B-42 www.enernoc.com
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
Appliances Stove Baseline - $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Stove Convection Oven 7.86 $1.86 13 1.00 $0.02
Appliances Stove Induction (High
Efficiency) 39.31 $1,432.20 13 0.37 $3.51
Appliances Microwave Baseline - $0.00 9 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Baseline - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Energy Star 71.87 $1.20 5 1.01 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Climate Savers 102.67 $175.49 5 0.85 $0.37
Electronics TVs Baseline - $0.00 11 1.00 $0.00
Electronics TVs Energy Star 41.87 $0.56 11 1.02 $0.00
Electronics Set-top
boxes/DVR Baseline - $0.00 11 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Set-top
boxes/DVR Energy Star 25.34 $0.56 11 1.01 $0.00
Electronics Devices and
Gadgets Devices and Gadgets - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Pool Pump Baseline Pump - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Pool Pump High Efficiency Pump 97.63 $85.00 15 0.97 $0.08
Miscellaneous Pool Pump Two-Speed Pump 390.54 $579.00 15 0.71 $0.13
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan Baseline - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan Furnace Fan with
ECM 111.68 $0.64 18 1.26 $0.00
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00

733
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting B-43
Table B-14 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Mobile Home, New Vintage, Idaho
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
Cooling Central AC SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Central AC SEER 14 (Energy Star) 47.34 $277.86 15 1.40 $0.51
Cooling Central AC SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 63.06 $555.71 15 0.94 $0.76
Cooling Central AC SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 76.25 $833.57 15 0.89 $0.95
Cooling Central AC Ductless Mini-Split
System 143.00 $4,399.48 20 0.62 $2.18
Cooling Room AC EER 9.8 - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Cooling Room AC EER 10.8 (Energy
Star) 27.98 $52.02 10 0.85 $0.22
Cooling Room AC EER 11 32.97 $141.13 10 0.65 $0.51
Cooling Room AC EER 11.5 44.72 $312.75 10 0.45 $0.83
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 14 (Energy Star) 44.49 $1,720.87 15 1.30 $3.34
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 40.65 $2,315.13 15 0.97 $4.93
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 49.15 $3,277.48 15 0.89 $5.77
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump
Ductless Mini-Split
System 92.17 $5,022.03 20 0.90 $3.85
Cooling Geothermal Heat
Pump Standard - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Cooling Geothermal Heat
Pump High Efficiency 44.66 $1,500.00 15 0.90 $2.90
Cooling Ductless HP Ductless Mini-Split
System - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Electric
Resistance Electric Resistance - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Electric
Resistance
Ductless Mini-Split
System 2,426.02 $156.87 20 1.29 $0.00
Space Heating Electric Furnace 3400 BTU/KW - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Supplemental Supplemental - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 14 (Energy Star) 269.16 $1,720.87 15 1.30 $0.55
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 576.42 $2,315.13 15 0.97 $0.35
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 697.02 $3,277.48 15 0.89 $0.41
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump
Ductless Mini-Split
System 1,307.13 $5,022.03 20 0.90 $0.27
Space Heating Geothermal Heat
Pump Standard - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Geothermal Heat
Pump High Efficiency 634.14 $1,500.00 15 0.90 $0.20
Space Heating Ductless HP Ductless Mini-Split
System - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal
High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 133.42 $77.11 15 1.01 $0.05
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal EF 2.3 (HP) 1,286.08 $1,761.86 15 0.66 $0.12
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal Solar 1,457.32 $6,214.86 15 0.29 $0.37
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal
High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 169.95 $97.23 15 1.01 $0.05
Water Heating Water Heater > EF 2.3 (HP) 1,287.31 $1,691.15 15 0.71 $0.11
734
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
B-44 www.enernoc.com
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
55 Gal
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal Solar 1,150.30 $6,144.15 15 0.31 $0.46
Interior
Lighting Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 4 - $0.00
Interior
Lighting Screw-in Infrared Halogen 216.42 $188.19 5 1.00 $0.19
Interior
Lighting Screw-in CFL 687.25 $28.57 6 2.88 $0.01
Interior
Lighting Screw-in LED 939.30 $1,937.55 12 - $0.21
Interior
Lighting Screw-in LED 939.30 $1,937.55 12 - $0.21
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T12 - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T8 9.28 -$3.50 6 1.14 -$0.07
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent Super T8 27.81 $28.01 6 0.67 $0.18
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T5 28.91 $47.43 6 0.52 $0.30
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent LED 30.33 $416.33 10 0.18 $1.63
Interior
Lighting Specialty Halogen - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Specialty CFL 208.91 -$7.12 7 2.46 -$0.01
Interior
Lighting Specialty LED 219.80 $140.97 12 0.70 $0.07
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 4 - $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in Infrared Halogen 74.39 $49.25 5 1.00 $0.14
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in CFL 252.46 -$1.76 3 4.76 $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in LED 293.05 $726.99 12 - $0.25
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in LED 293.05 $726.99 12 - $0.25
Appliances Clothes Washer Baseline - $0.00 14 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Washer Energy Star (MEF >
1.8) 44.65 $69.81 14 - $0.14
Appliances Clothes Washer Horizontal Axis 61.64 $150.80 14 1.00 $0.22
Appliances Clothes Dryer Baseline - $0.00 13 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Dryer Moisture Detection 62.00 $48.40 13 1.00 $0.08
Appliances Dishwasher Baseline - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Dishwasher Energy Star 51.75 $460.95 9 - $1.15
Appliances Dishwasher Energy Star (2011) 6.78 $5.61 15 0.99 $0.07
Appliances Refrigerator Baseline - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Appliances Refrigerator Energy Star 56.79 $20.17 20 - $0.03
Appliances Refrigerator Baseline (2014) 104.02 $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Refrigerator Energy Star (2014) 166.43 $88.71 13 1.02 $0.05
Appliances Freezer Baseline - $0.00 22 - $0.00
Appliances Freezer Energy Star 45.96 $3.98 22 - $0.01
Appliances Freezer Baseline (2014) 106.66 -$145.00 11 1.00 -$0.15
Appliances Freezer Energy Star (2014) 170.66 -$112.83 11 1.00 -$0.07
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Baseline - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Energy Star 75.71 $20.67 20 - $0.02
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Baseline (2014) 138.70 $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Energy Star (2014) 221.91 $88.71 13 1.01 $0.04
735
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting B-45
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
Appliances Stove Baseline - $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Stove Convection Oven 33.20 $0.56 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Stove Induction (High
Efficiency) 39.30 $0.00 13 0.36 $0.00
Appliances Microwave Baseline - $0.00 9 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Baseline - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Energy Star 70.34 $1.20 5 1.01 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Climate Savers 100.48 $175.49 5 0.85 $0.38
Electronics TVs Baseline - $0.00 11 1.00 $0.00
Electronics TVs Energy Star 46.52 $0.56 11 1.02 $0.00
Electronics Set-top
boxes/DVR Baseline - $0.00 11 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Set-top
boxes/DVR Energy Star 25.34 $0.56 11 1.01 $0.00
Electronics Devices and
Gadgets Devices and Gadgets - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Pool Pump Baseline Pump - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Pool Pump High Efficiency Pump 109.40 $85.00 15 0.99 $0.07
Miscellaneous Pool Pump Two-Speed Pump 437.62 $579.00 15 0.76 $0.11
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan Baseline - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan Furnace Fan with
ECM 111.68 $0.64 18 1.27 $0.00
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00

736
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
B-46 www.enernoc.com
Table B-15 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Low income, Existing Vintage,
Washington
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
Cooling Central AC SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Central AC SEER 14 (Energy Star) 49.41 $185.24 15 1.40 $0.32
Cooling Central AC SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 67.79 $370.47 15 0.93 $0.47
Cooling Central AC SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 83.19 $555.71 15 0.87 $0.58
Cooling Central AC Ductless Mini-Split
System 149.20 $2,394.23 20 0.64 $1.14
Cooling Room AC EER 9.8 - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Cooling Room AC EER 10.8 (Energy
Star) 26.53 $104.04 10 0.81 $0.46
Cooling Room AC EER 11 31.30 $282.26 10 0.60 $1.07
Cooling Room AC EER 11.5 42.38 $625.50 10 0.40 $1.75
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 14 (Energy Star) 37.76 $1,245.78 15 1.30 $2.85
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 51.80 $2,315.13 15 0.91 $3.86
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 63.57 $3,277.48 15 0.84 $4.46
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump
Ductless Mini-Split
System 114.01 $5,022.03 20 0.84 $3.12
Cooling Geothermal Heat
Pump Standard - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Cooling Geothermal Heat
Pump High Efficiency 62.78 $1,500.00 15 0.89 $2.07
Cooling Ductless HP Ductless Mini-Split
System - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Electric
Resistance Electric Resistance - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Electric
Resistance
Ductless Mini-Split
System 2,070.05 $156.87 20 1.29 $0.01
Space Heating Electric Furnace 3400 BTU/KW - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Supplemental Supplemental - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 14 (Energy Star) 355.79 $1,245.78 15 1.30 $0.30
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 488.18 $2,315.13 15 0.91 $0.41
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 599.06 $3,277.48 15 0.84 $0.47
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump
Ductless Mini-Split
System 1,074.41 $5,022.03 20 0.84 $0.33
Space Heating Geothermal Heat
Pump Standard - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Geothermal Heat
Pump High Efficiency 436.67 $1,500.00 15 0.89 $0.30
Space Heating Ductless HP Ductless Mini-Split
System - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal
High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 121.27 $77.11 15 1.01 $0.05
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal EF 2.3 (HP) 1,168.96 $1,761.86 15 0.67 $0.13
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal Solar 1,324.61 $6,214.86 15 0.29 $0.41
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater > High Efficiency 171.20 $97.23 15 1.02 $0.05
737
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting B-47
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
55 Gal (EF=0.95)
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal EF 2.3 (HP) 1,296.77 $1,691.15 15 0.76 $0.11
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal Solar 1,158.76 $6,144.15 15 0.34 $0.46
Interior
Lighting Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 4 - $0.00
Interior
Lighting Screw-in Infrared Halogen 157.77 $98.38 5 1.00 $0.13
Interior
Lighting Screw-in CFL 501.00 $17.84 6 2.46 $0.01
Interior
Lighting Screw-in LED 684.74 $1,012.85 12 - $0.15
Interior
Lighting Screw-in LED 684.74 $1,012.85 12 - $0.15
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T12 - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T8 6.94 -$1.79 6 1.13 -$0.05
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent Super T8 20.79 $14.30 6 0.74 $0.13
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T5 21.61 $24.22 6 0.59 $0.21
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent LED 22.67 $212.60 10 0.21 $1.11
Interior
Lighting Specialty Halogen - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Specialty CFL 134.16 $0.96 7 1.91 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Specialty LED 141.16 $261.26 12 0.29 $0.19
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 4 - $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in Infrared Halogen 35.33 $9.82 5 1.00 $0.06
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in CFL 119.89 -$0.47 3 4.15 $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in LED 139.17 $1,016.52 12 - $0.75
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in LED 139.17 $1,016.52 12 - $0.75
Appliances Clothes Washer Baseline - $0.00 14 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Washer Energy Star (MEF >
1.8) 36.47 $69.81 14 - $0.17
Appliances Clothes Washer Horizontal Axis 50.35 $150.80 14 1.00 $0.27
Appliances Clothes Dryer Baseline - $0.00 13 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Dryer Moisture Detection 53.87 $48.40 13 1.00 $0.09
Appliances Dishwasher Baseline - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Dishwasher Energy Star 45.15 $460.95 9 - $1.32
Appliances Dishwasher Energy Star (2011) 5.91 $5.61 15 0.99 $0.08
Appliances Refrigerator Baseline - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Appliances Refrigerator Energy Star 38.65 $20.17 20 - $0.04
Appliances Refrigerator Baseline (2014) 70.80 $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Refrigerator Energy Star (2014) 113.29 $88.71 13 1.01 $0.08
Appliances Freezer Baseline - $0.00 22 - $0.00
Appliances Freezer Energy Star 31.60 $3.98 22 - $0.01
Appliances Freezer Baseline (2014) 73.33 -$145.00 11 1.00 -$0.22
Appliances Freezer Energy Star (2014) 117.32 -$112.83 11 0.99 -$0.11
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Baseline - $0.00 13 - $0.00
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Energy Star 52.79 $20.67 20 - $0.03
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Baseline (2014) 96.71 $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
738
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
B-48 www.enernoc.com
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Energy Star (2014) 154.73 $88.71 13 1.00 $0.06
Appliances Stove Baseline - $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Stove Convection Oven 7.49 $1.86 13 1.00 $0.02
Appliances Stove Induction (High
Efficiency) 37.46 $1,432.20 13 0.37 $3.68
Appliances Microwave Baseline - $0.00 9 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Baseline - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Energy Star 63.35 $1.20 5 1.01 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Climate Savers 90.50 $175.49 5 0.85 $0.42
Electronics TVs Baseline - $0.00 11 1.00 $0.00
Electronics TVs Energy Star 38.99 $0.56 11 1.02 $0.00
Electronics Set-top
boxes/DVR Baseline - $0.00 11 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Set-top
boxes/DVR Energy Star 24.86 $0.56 11 1.01 $0.00
Electronics Devices and
Gadgets Devices and Gadgets - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Pool Pump Baseline Pump - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Pool Pump High Efficiency Pump 107.45 $85.00 15 0.99 $0.07
Miscellaneous Pool Pump Two-Speed Pump 429.80 $579.00 15 0.75 $0.12
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan Baseline - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan Furnace Fan with
ECM 110.30 $0.64 18 1.27 $0.00
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00

739
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting B-49
Table B-16 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Low Income, New Vintage,
Washington
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
Cooling Central AC SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Central AC SEER 14 (Energy Star) 58.73 $185.24 15 1.40 $0.27
Cooling Central AC SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 78.22 $370.47 15 0.93 $0.41
Cooling Central AC SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 94.59 $555.71 15 0.87 $0.51
Cooling Central AC Ductless Mini-Split
System 177.38 $2,394.23 20 0.65 $0.95
Cooling Room AC EER 9.8 - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Cooling Room AC EER 10.8 (Energy
Star) 30.83 $104.04 10 0.82 $0.40
Cooling Room AC EER 11 36.33 $282.26 10 0.61 $0.92
Cooling Room AC EER 11.5 49.27 $625.50 10 0.41 $1.50
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 14 (Energy Star) 44.94 $0.00 15 1.30 $0.00
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 59.86 $0.00 15 0.91 $0.00
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 72.38 $0.00 15 0.85 $0.00
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump
Ductless Mini-Split
System 135.74 $0.00 20 0.86 $0.00
Cooling Geothermal Heat
Pump Standard - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Cooling Geothermal Heat
Pump High Efficiency 69.87 $0.00 15 0.89 $0.00
Cooling Ductless HP Ductless Mini-Split
System - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Electric
Resistance Electric Resistance - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Electric
Resistance
Ductless Mini-Split
System 2,225.30 $156.87 20 1.30 $0.00
Space Heating Electric Furnace 3400 BTU/KW - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Supplemental Supplemental - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 14 (Energy Star) 423.49 $1,245.78 15 1.30 $0.25
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 564.08 $2,315.13 15 0.91 $0.35
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 682.10 $3,277.48 15 0.85 $0.42
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump
Ductless Mini-Split
System 1,279.15 $5,022.03 20 0.86 $0.28
Space Heating Geothermal Heat
Pump Standard - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Geothermal Heat
Pump High Efficiency 485.98 $1,500.00 15 0.89 $0.27
Space Heating Ductless HP Ductless Mini-Split
System - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal
High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 126.97 $77.11 15 1.01 $0.05
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal EF 2.3 (HP) 1,223.96 $1,761.86 15 0.69 $0.12
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal Solar 1,386.93 $6,214.86 15 0.30 $0.39
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater > High Efficiency 179.32 $97.23 15 1.02 $0.05
740
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
B-50 www.enernoc.com
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
55 Gal (EF=0.95)
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal EF 2.3 (HP) 1,358.29 $1,691.15 15 0.77 $0.11
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal Solar 1,213.73 $6,144.15 15 0.35 $0.44
Interior
Lighting Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 4 - $0.00
Interior
Lighting Screw-in Infrared Halogen 171.92 $98.38 5 1.00 $0.12
Interior
Lighting Screw-in CFL 545.94 $17.84 6 2.41 $0.01
Interior
Lighting Screw-in LED 746.16 $1,012.85 12 - $0.14
Interior
Lighting Screw-in LED 746.16 $1,012.85 12 - $0.14
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T12 - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T8 7.80 -$1.79 6 1.13 -$0.04
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent Super T8 23.37 $14.30 6 0.77 $0.11
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T5 24.29 $24.22 6 0.62 $0.18
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent LED 25.48 $212.60 10 0.23 $0.99
Interior
Lighting Specialty Halogen - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Specialty CFL 144.22 -$9.74 7 2.86 -$0.01
Interior
Lighting Specialty LED 151.74 $67.71 12 0.95 $0.05
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 4 - $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in Infrared Halogen 38.38 $9.82 5 1.00 $0.06
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in CFL 130.23 -$0.51 3 4.13 $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in LED 151.17 $144.92 12 - $0.10
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in LED 151.17 $144.92 12 - $0.10
Appliances Clothes Washer Baseline - $0.00 14 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Washer Energy Star (MEF >
1.8) 42.55 $69.81 14 - $0.15
Appliances Clothes Washer Horizontal Axis 58.74 $150.80 14 1.00 $0.23
Appliances Clothes Dryer Baseline - $0.00 13 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Dryer Moisture Detection 58.62 $48.40 13 1.00 $0.08
Appliances Dishwasher Baseline - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Dishwasher Energy Star 49.31 $460.95 9 - $1.21
Appliances Dishwasher Energy Star (2011) 6.46 $5.61 15 0.99 $0.08
Appliances Refrigerator Baseline - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Appliances Refrigerator Energy Star 54.11 $20.17 20 - $0.03
Appliances Refrigerator Baseline (2014) 99.12 $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Refrigerator Energy Star (2014) 158.60 $88.71 13 1.02 $0.05
Appliances Freezer Baseline - $0.00 22 - $0.00
Appliances Freezer Energy Star 43.80 $3.98 22 - $0.01
Appliances Freezer Baseline (2014) 101.64 -$145.00 11 1.00 -$0.16
Appliances Freezer Energy Star (2014) 162.63 -$112.83 11 1.00 -$0.08
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Baseline - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Energy Star 72.15 $20.67 20 - $0.02
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Baseline (2014) 132.17 $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
741
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting B-51
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Energy Star (2014) 211.47 $88.71 13 1.01 $0.04
Appliances Stove Baseline - $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Stove Convection Oven 7.49 $1.86 13 1.00 $0.02
Appliances Stove Induction (High
Efficiency) 37.45 $1,432.20 13 0.37 $3.68
Appliances Microwave Baseline - $0.00 9 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Baseline - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Energy Star 62.00 $1.20 5 1.01 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Climate Savers 88.57 $175.49 5 0.85 $0.43
Electronics TVs Baseline - $0.00 11 1.00 $0.00
Electronics TVs Energy Star 43.32 $0.56 11 1.02 $0.00
Electronics Set-top
boxes/DVR Baseline - $0.00 11 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Set-top
boxes/DVR Energy Star 24.86 $0.56 11 1.01 $0.00
Electronics Devices and
Gadgets Devices and Gadgets - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Pool Pump Baseline Pump - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Pool Pump High Efficiency Pump 120.40 $85.00 15 0.99 $0.06
Miscellaneous Pool Pump Two-Speed Pump 481.61 $579.00 15 0.79 $0.10
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan Baseline - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan Furnace Fan with
ECM 110.30 $0.64 18 1.27 $0.00
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00

742
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
B-52 www.enernoc.com
Table B-17 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Low Income, Existing Vintage, Idaho
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
Cooling Central AC SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Central AC SEER 14 (Energy Star) 34.58 $185.24 15 1.40 $0.46
Cooling Central AC SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 47.45 $370.47 15 0.93 $0.68
Cooling Central AC SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 58.23 $555.71 15 0.87 $0.83
Cooling Central AC Ductless Mini-Split
System 104.44 $2,394.23 20 0.63 $1.62
Cooling Room AC EER 9.8 - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Cooling Room AC EER 10.8 (Energy
Star) 18.57 $104.04 10 0.80 $0.66
Cooling Room AC EER 11 21.91 $282.26 10 0.59 $1.53
Cooling Room AC EER 11.5 29.66 $625.50 10 0.39 $2.50
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 14 (Energy Star) 26.43 $1,245.78 15 1.30 $4.08
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 36.26 $2,315.13 15 0.91 $5.52
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 44.50 $3,277.48 15 0.83 $6.37
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump
Ductless Mini-Split
System 79.81 $5,022.03 20 0.84 $4.45
Cooling Geothermal Heat
Pump Standard - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Cooling Geothermal Heat
Pump High Efficiency 43.95 $1,500.00 15 0.87 $2.95
Cooling Ductless HP Ductless Mini-Split
System - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Electric
Resistance Electric Resistance - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Electric
Resistance
Ductless Mini-Split
System 1,966.55 $156.87 20 1.29 $0.01
Space Heating Electric Furnace 3400 BTU/KW - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Supplemental Supplemental - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 14 (Energy Star) 338.00 $1,245.78 15 1.30 $0.32
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 463.77 $2,315.13 15 0.91 $0.43
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 569.10 $3,277.48 15 0.83 $0.50
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump
Ductless Mini-Split
System 1,020.69 $5,022.03 20 0.84 $0.35
Space Heating Geothermal Heat
Pump Standard - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Geothermal Heat
Pump High Efficiency 414.84 $1,500.00 15 0.87 $0.31
Space Heating Ductless HP Ductless Mini-Split
System - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal
High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 113.39 $77.11 15 1.00 $0.06
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal EF 2.3 (HP) 1,092.98 $1,761.86 15 0.60 $0.14
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal Solar 1,238.51 $6,214.86 15 0.26 $0.43
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal
High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 160.07 $97.23 15 1.01 $0.05
Water Heating Water Heater > EF 2.3 (HP) 1,212.48 $1,691.15 15 0.68 $0.12
743
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting B-53
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
55 Gal
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal Solar 1,083.44 $6,144.15 15 0.30 $0.49
Interior
Lighting Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 4 - $0.00
Interior
Lighting Screw-in Infrared Halogen 147.51 $98.38 5 1.00 $0.14
Interior
Lighting Screw-in CFL 468.44 $17.84 6 2.59 $0.01
Interior
Lighting Screw-in LED 640.24 $1,012.85 12 - $0.16
Interior
Lighting Screw-in LED 640.24 $1,012.85 12 - $0.16
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T12 - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T8 6.49 -$1.79 6 1.13 -$0.05
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent Super T8 19.44 $14.30 6 0.73 $0.13
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T5 20.21 $24.22 6 0.57 $0.22
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent LED 21.20 $212.60 10 0.21 $1.19
Interior
Lighting Specialty Halogen - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Specialty CFL 125.44 $0.96 7 1.91 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Specialty LED 131.98 $261.26 12 0.28 $0.20
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 4 - $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in Infrared Halogen 33.03 $9.82 5 1.00 $0.06
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in CFL 112.10 -$0.47 3 4.28 $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in LED 130.12 $1,016.52 12 - $0.80
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in LED 130.12 $1,016.52 12 - $0.80
Appliances Clothes Washer Baseline - $0.00 14 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Washer Energy Star (MEF >
1.8) 34.10 $69.81 14 - $0.19
Appliances Clothes Washer Horizontal Axis 47.07 $150.80 14 1.00 $0.29
Appliances Clothes Dryer Baseline - $0.00 13 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Dryer Moisture Detection 50.36 $48.40 13 1.00 $0.09
Appliances Dishwasher Baseline - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Dishwasher Energy Star 42.21 $460.95 9 - $1.41
Appliances Dishwasher Energy Star (2011) 5.53 $5.61 15 0.99 $0.09
Appliances Refrigerator Baseline - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Appliances Refrigerator Energy Star 36.14 $20.17 20 - $0.04
Appliances Refrigerator Baseline (2014) 66.20 $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Refrigerator Energy Star (2014) 105.92 $88.71 13 1.00 $0.08
Appliances Freezer Baseline - $0.00 22 - $0.00
Appliances Freezer Energy Star 29.54 $3.98 22 - $0.01
Appliances Freezer Baseline (2014) 68.56 -$145.00 11 1.00 -$0.23
Appliances Freezer Energy Star (2014) 109.70 -$112.83 11 0.98 -$0.11
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Baseline - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Energy Star 49.36 $20.67 20 - $0.03
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Baseline (2014) 90.42 $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Energy Star (2014) 144.67 $88.71 13 1.00 $0.06
744
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
B-54 www.enernoc.com
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
Appliances Stove Baseline - $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Stove Convection Oven 7.00 $1.86 13 1.00 $0.03
Appliances Stove Induction (High
Efficiency) 35.02 $1,432.20 13 0.36 $3.94
Appliances Microwave Baseline - $0.00 9 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Baseline - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Energy Star 59.23 $1.20 5 1.01 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Climate Savers 84.61 $175.49 5 0.85 $0.45
Electronics TVs Baseline - $0.00 11 1.00 $0.00
Electronics TVs Energy Star 36.45 $0.56 11 1.01 $0.00
Electronics Set-top
boxes/DVR Baseline - $0.00 11 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Set-top
boxes/DVR Energy Star 23.24 $0.56 11 1.01 $0.00
Electronics Devices and
Gadgets Devices and Gadgets - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Pool Pump Baseline Pump - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Pool Pump High Efficiency Pump 100.46 $85.00 15 0.98 $0.07
Miscellaneous Pool Pump Two-Speed Pump 401.86 $579.00 15 0.73 $0.12
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan Baseline - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan Furnace Fan with
ECM 103.13 $0.64 18 1.26 $0.00
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00

745
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting B-55
Table B-18 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Low income, New Vintage,
Idaho
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
Cooling Central AC SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Central AC SEER 14 (Energy Star) 41.11 $185.24 15 1.40 $0.39
Cooling Central AC SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 54.76 $370.47 15 0.93 $0.59
Cooling Central AC SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 66.21 $555.71 15 0.87 $0.73
Cooling Central AC Ductless Mini-Split
System 124.17 $2,394.23 20 0.64 $1.36
Cooling Room AC EER 9.8 - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Cooling Room AC EER 10.8 (Energy
Star) 21.58 $104.04 10 0.80 $0.57
Cooling Room AC EER 11 25.43 $282.26 10 0.59 $1.32
Cooling Room AC EER 11.5 34.49 $625.50 10 0.39 $2.15
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 14 (Energy Star) 31.46 $0.00 15 1.30 $0.00
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 41.90 $0.00 15 0.91 $0.00
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 50.67 $0.00 15 0.85 $0.00
Cooling Air Source Heat
Pump
Ductless Mini-Split
System 95.02 $0.00 20 0.85 $0.00
Cooling Geothermal Heat
Pump Standard - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Cooling Geothermal Heat
Pump High Efficiency 48.91 $0.00 15 0.87 $0.00
Cooling Ductless HP Ductless Mini-Split
System - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Electric
Resistance Electric Resistance - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Electric
Resistance
Ductless Mini-Split
System 2,114.04 $156.87 20 1.30 $0.01
Space Heating Electric Furnace 3400 BTU/KW - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Supplemental Supplemental - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 13 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 14 (Energy Star) 402.32 $1,245.78 15 1.30 $0.27
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 15 (CEE Tier 2) 535.87 $2,315.13 15 0.91 $0.37
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump SEER 16 (CEE Tier 3) 647.99 $3,277.48 15 0.85 $0.44
Space Heating Air Source Heat
Pump
Ductless Mini-Split
System 1,215.19 $5,022.03 20 0.85 $0.29
Space Heating Geothermal Heat
Pump Standard - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Geothermal Heat
Pump High Efficiency 461.68 $1,500.00 15 0.87 $0.28
Space Heating Ductless HP Ductless Mini-Split
System - $0.00 20 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal
High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 118.72 $77.11 15 1.00 $0.06
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal EF 2.3 (HP) 1,144.40 $1,761.86 15 0.62 $0.13
Water Heating Water Heater <=
55 Gal Solar 1,296.78 $6,214.86 15 0.26 $0.41
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal
High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 167.67 $97.23 15 1.01 $0.05
746
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
B-56 www.enernoc.com
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal EF 2.3 (HP) 1,270.00 $1,691.15 15 0.70 $0.12
Water Heating Water Heater >
55 Gal Solar 1,134.84 $6,144.15 15 0.31 $0.47
Interior
Lighting Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 4 - $0.00
Interior
Lighting Screw-in Infrared Halogen 160.74 $98.38 5 1.00 $0.13
Interior
Lighting Screw-in CFL 510.45 $17.84 6 2.54 $0.01
Interior
Lighting Screw-in LED 697.66 $1,012.85 12 - $0.15
Interior
Lighting Screw-in LED 697.66 $1,012.85 12 - $0.15
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T12 - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T8 7.29 -$1.79 6 1.13 -$0.05
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent Super T8 21.85 $14.30 6 0.75 $0.12
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent T5 22.71 $24.22 6 0.60 $0.20
Interior
Lighting
Linear
Fluorescent LED 23.82 $212.60 10 0.22 $1.06
Interior
Lighting Specialty Halogen - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Specialty CFL 134.85 -$9.64 7 2.92 -$0.01
Interior
Lighting Specialty LED 141.88 $71.04 12 0.91 $0.05
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 4 - $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in Infrared Halogen 35.88 $9.82 5 1.00 $0.06
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in CFL 121.77 -$0.51 3 4.25 $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in LED 141.35 $144.92 12 - $0.11
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in LED 141.35 $144.92 12 - $0.11
Appliances Clothes Washer Baseline - $0.00 14 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Washer Energy Star (MEF >
1.8) 39.78 $69.81 14 - $0.16
Appliances Clothes Washer Horizontal Axis 54.92 $150.80 14 1.00 $0.25
Appliances Clothes Dryer Baseline - $0.00 13 - $0.00
Appliances Clothes Dryer Moisture Detection 54.81 $48.40 13 1.00 $0.09
Appliances Dishwasher Baseline - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Dishwasher Energy Star 46.11 $460.95 9 - $1.29
Appliances Dishwasher Energy Star (2011) 6.04 $5.61 15 0.99 $0.08
Appliances Refrigerator Baseline - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Appliances Refrigerator Energy Star 50.60 $20.17 20 - $0.03
Appliances Refrigerator Baseline (2014) 92.68 $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Refrigerator Energy Star (2014) 148.29 $88.71 13 1.01 $0.06
Appliances Freezer Baseline - $0.00 22 - $0.00
Appliances Freezer Energy Star 40.95 $3.98 22 - $0.01
Appliances Freezer Baseline (2014) 95.04 -$145.00 11 1.00 -$0.17
Appliances Freezer Energy Star (2014) 152.06 -$112.83 11 1.00 -$0.08
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Baseline - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Energy Star 67.46 $20.67 20 - $0.02
Appliances Second
Refrigerator Baseline (2014) 123.58 $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Second Energy Star (2014) 197.72 $88.71 13 1.01 $0.04
747
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting B-57
End Use Technology Eff. Definition Savings
(kWh/HH/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/HH)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized Cost
of Energy
($/kWh)
Refrigerator
Appliances Stove Baseline - $0.00 13 1.00 $0.00
Appliances Stove Convection Oven 7.00 $1.86 13 1.00 $0.03
Appliances Stove Induction (High
Efficiency) 35.02 $1,432.20 13 0.36 $3.94
Appliances Microwave Baseline - $0.00 9 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Baseline - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Energy Star 57.97 $1.20 5 1.01 $0.00
Electronics Personal
Computers Climate Savers 82.81 $175.49 5 0.85 $0.46
Electronics TVs Baseline - $0.00 11 1.00 $0.00
Electronics TVs Energy Star 40.50 $0.56 11 1.02 $0.00
Electronics Set-top
boxes/DVR Baseline - $0.00 11 1.00 $0.00
Electronics Set-top
boxes/DVR Energy Star 23.24 $0.56 11 1.01 $0.00
Electronics Devices and
Gadgets Devices and Gadgets - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Pool Pump Baseline Pump - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Pool Pump High Efficiency Pump 112.58 $85.00 15 0.99 $0.07
Miscellaneous Pool Pump Two-Speed Pump 450.31 $579.00 15 0.77 $0.11
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan Baseline - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Furnace Fan Furnace Fan with
ECM 103.13 $0.64 18 1.26 $0.00
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00

748
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
B-58 www.enernoc.com
Table B-19 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data, Electric—Single Family, Existing
Vintage, Washington
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Cost
($/HH)
Savings
(kWh)
BC
Ratio
Levelized
Cost
($/kWh)
Central AC - Early Replacement 0.0% 80.0% 15 $2,895.00 139.3 0.00 $2.133
Central AC - Maintenance and Tune-Up 41.0% 100.0% 4 $125.00 137.4 0.06 $0.251
Room AC - Removal of Second Unit 0.0% 100.0% 5 $75.00 512.4 0.42 $0.033
Attic Fan - Installation 12.0% 50.0% 18 $115.80 6.2 0.00 $1.736
Attic Fan - Photovoltaic - Installation 13.0% 100.0% 19 $350.00 6.2 0.00 $5.107
Ceiling Fan - Installation 51.0% 100.0% 15 $160.00 108.8 0.06 $0.151
Whole-House Fan - Installation 6.9% 25.0% 18 $200.00 174.6 0.08 $0.106
Air Source Heat Pump - Maintenance 37.8% 100.0% 4 $125.00 926.7 0.42 $0.037
Insulation - Ducting 15.0% 59.4% 18 $500.00 483.1 0.09 $0.096
Repair and Sealing - Ducting 12.3% 100.0% 20 $571.38 2,111.0 0.35 $0.024
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 71.8% 75.0% 15 $249.47 587.7 0.49 $0.044
Doors - Storm and Thermal 38.0% 100.0% 12 $320.00 116.9 0.05 $0.322
Insulation - Infiltration Control 46.0% 100.0% 25 $306.11 876.6 0.48 $0.028
Insulation - Ceiling 76.4% 75.0% 25 $630.45 991.9 0.18 $0.051
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 5.0% 100.0% 12 $922.68 571.9 0.09 $0.190
Roofs - High Reflectivity 5.0% 100.0% 15 $1,549.61 82.7 0.00 $1.923
Windows - Reflective Film 5.0% 50.0% 10 $266.67 369.6 0.12 $0.096
Windows - High Efficiency/Energy Star 77.6% 100.0% 25 $5,200.97 4,270.5 0.11 $0.098
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensor 23.5% 50.0% 15 $750.00 444.7 0.05 $0.173
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic
Installation 10.0% 100.0% 15 $2,975.00 53.8 0.00 $5.679
Exterior Lighting - Photosensor Control 23.5% 100.0% 8 $90.00 36.3 0.03 $0.388
Exterior Lighting - Timeclock
Installation 10.0% 100.0% 8 $72.00 36.3 0.04 $0.310
Water Heater - Faucet Aerators 53.2% 100.0% 25 $24.00 275.8 1.23 $0.007
Water Heater - Pipe Insulation 17.0% 100.0% 13 $15.00 242.9 1.94 $0.007
Water Heater - Low Flow Showerheads 75.5% 100.0% 10 $25.48 354.0 1.87 $0.010
Water Heater - Tank Blanket/Insulation 54.0% 100.0% 10 $15.00 781.1 4.19 $0.003
Water Heater - Thermostat Setback 17.0% 100.0% 5 $40.00 781.1 1.23 $0.012
Electronics - Reduce Standby Wattage 5.0% 100.0% 8 $20.00 117.4 0.47 $0.027
Refrigerator - Early Replacement 10.0% 85.0% 7 $109.00 319.9 0.16 $0.059
Refrigerator - Remove Second Unit 17.3% 85.0% 7 $109.00 437.0 0.83 $0.043
Freezer - Early Replacement 10.0% 85.0% 5 $109.00 355.4 0.14 $0.070
Freezer - Remove Second Unit 17.3% 85.0% 5 $109.00 384.9 0.75 $0.065
Behavioral Measures 20.0% 50.0% 1 $12.00 125.0 0.20 $0.096
Pool - Pump Timer 58.8% 100.0% 15 $160.00 194.3 0.12 $0.085
Insulation - Foundation 25.9% 39.0% 25 $750.53 521.1 0.19 $0.116
Insulation - Wall Cavity 88.4% 100.0% 25 $1,415.87 2,186.1 0.17 $0.052
Insulation - Wall Sheathing 64.4% 100.0% 20 $300.00 276.9 0.14 $0.096
Water Heater - Solar System 5.0% 25.0% 20 $6,500.00 6,437.3 0.11 $0.089

749
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting B-59
Table B-20 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data, Electric—Single Family, New
Vintage, Washington
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Cost
($/HH)
Savings
(kWh)
BC
Ratio
Levelized
Cost
($/kWh)
Central AC - Maintenance and Tune-Up 41.0% 100.0% 4 $125.00 158.0 0.07 $0.218
Attic Fan - Installation 12.6% 50.0% 18 $96.50 8.7 0.01 $1.027
Attic Fan - Photovoltaic - Installation 4.0% 25.0% 19 $200.00 8.7 0.00 $2.072
Ceiling Fan - Installation 52.6% 100.0% 15 $160.00 174.2 0.10 $0.094
Whole-House Fan - Installation 4.0% 25.0% 18 $200.00 239.6 0.12 $0.078
Air Source Heat Pump - Maintenance 37.8% 100.0% 4 $125.00 1,065.7 0.53 $0.032
Insulation - Ducting 50.0% 59.4% 18 $250.00 553.3 0.22 $0.042
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 90.6% 95.0% 15 $249.47 608.2 0.41 $0.042
Doors - Storm and Thermal 13.0% 100.0% 12 $180.00 203.5 0.16 $0.104
Insulation - Ceiling 81.8% 75.0% 20 $634.00 549.5 0.13 $0.102
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 25.0% 100.0% 12 $922.68 193.4 0.03 $0.561
Roofs - High Reflectivity 5.0% 100.0% 15 $516.54 129.8 0.02 $0.408
Windows - Reflective Film 2.0% 50.0% 10 $266.67 338.0 0.11 $0.105
Windows - High Efficiency/Energy Star 95.5% 100.0% 25 $2,200.00 3,037.6 0.22 $0.058
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensor 23.5% 30.0% 15 $500.00 493.6 0.10 $0.104
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic
Installation 10.0% 100.0% 15 $2,975.00 60.1 0.00 $5.076
Exterior Lighting - Photosensor Control 13.2% 100.0% 8 $90.00 40.0 0.05 $0.352
Exterior Lighting - Timeclock
Installation 16.0% 100.0% 8 $72.00 40.0 0.06 $0.282
Water Heater - Faucet Aerators 38.3% 100.0% 25 $24.00 251.6 1.13 $0.008
Water Heater - Pipe Insulation 8.0% 100.0% 13 $15.00 221.9 1.78 $0.008
Water Heater - Low Flow Showerheads 89.8% 100.0% 10 $25.48 354.0 1.81 $0.010
Water Heater - Tank Blanket/Insulation 0.0% 0.0% 10 $15.00 713.6 3.82 $0.003
Water Heater - Thermostat Setback 5.0% 100.0% 5 $40.00 713.6 1.13 $0.013
Electronics - Reduce Standby Wattage 5.0% 100.0% 8 $20.00 126.7 0.53 $0.025
Behavioral Measures 20.0% 75.0% 1 $12.00 142.7 0.24 $0.084
Pool - Pump Timer 55.0% 100.0% 15 $160.00 200.1 0.14 $0.082
Insulation - Foundation 54.8% 63.6% 20 $358.00 744.7 0.49 $0.042
Insulation - Wall Cavity 91.1% 100.0% 25 $236.00 558.7 0.38 $0.034
Insulation - Wall Sheathing 64.4% 100.0% 20 $300.00 315.7 0.17 $0.084
Water Heater - Drainwater Heat
Reocvery 1.0% 100.0% 25 $899.00 1,176.3 0.14 $0.061

750
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
B-60 www.enernoc.com
Table B-21 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data, Electric—Single Family, Existing Vintage,
Idaho
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Cost
($/HH)
Savings
(kWh)
BC
Ratio
Levelized
Cost
($/kWh)
Central AC - Early Replacement 0.0% 80.0% 15 $2,895.00 139.3 0.00 $2.133
Central AC - Maintenance and Tune-Up 41.0% 100.0% 4 $125.00 137.4 0.06 $0.251
Room AC - Removal of Second Unit 0.0% 100.0% 5 $75.00 512.4 0.42 $0.033
Attic Fan - Installation 12.0% 50.0% 18 $115.80 6.2 0.00 $1.736
Attic Fan - Photovoltaic - Installation 13.0% 100.0% 19 $350.00 6.2 0.00 $5.107
Ceiling Fan - Installation 51.0% 100.0% 15 $160.00 108.8 0.06 $0.151
Whole-House Fan - Installation 6.9% 25.0% 18 $200.00 174.6 0.08 $0.106
Air Source Heat Pump - Maintenance 37.8% 100.0% 4 $125.00 926.7 0.42 $0.037
Insulation - Ducting 15.0% 59.4% 18 $500.00 483.1 0.09 $0.096
Repair and Sealing - Ducting 12.3% 100.0% 20 $571.38 2,111.0 0.35 $0.024
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 71.8% 75.0% 15 $249.47 587.7 0.49 $0.044
Doors - Storm and Thermal 38.0% 100.0% 12 $320.00 116.9 0.05 $0.322
Insulation - Infiltration Control 46.0% 100.0% 25 $306.11 876.6 0.48 $0.028
Insulation - Ceiling 76.4% 75.0% 25 $630.45 991.9 0.18 $0.051
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 5.0% 100.0% 12 $922.68 571.9 0.09 $0.190
Roofs - High Reflectivity 5.0% 100.0% 15 $1,549.61 82.7 0.00 $1.923
Windows - Reflective Film 5.0% 50.0% 10 $266.67 369.6 0.12 $0.096
Windows - High Efficiency/Energy Star 77.6% 100.0% 25 $5,200.97 4,270.5 0.11 $0.098
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensor 23.5% 50.0% 15 $750.00 444.7 0.05 $0.173
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic
Installation 10.0% 100.0% 15 $2,975.00 53.8 0.00 $5.679
Exterior Lighting - Photosensor Control 23.5% 100.0% 8 $90.00 36.3 0.03 $0.388
Exterior Lighting - Timeclock
Installation 10.0% 100.0% 8 $72.00 36.3 0.04 $0.310
Water Heater - Faucet Aerators 53.2% 100.0% 25 $24.00 275.8 1.23 $0.007
Water Heater - Pipe Insulation 17.0% 100.0% 13 $15.00 242.9 1.94 $0.007
Water Heater - Low Flow Showerheads 75.5% 100.0% 10 $25.48 354.0 1.87 $0.010
Water Heater - Tank Blanket/Insulation 54.0% 100.0% 10 $15.00 781.1 4.19 $0.003
Water Heater - Thermostat Setback 17.0% 100.0% 5 $40.00 781.1 1.23 $0.012
Electronics - Reduce Standby Wattage 5.0% 100.0% 8 $20.00 117.4 0.47 $0.027
Refrigerator - Early Replacement 10.0% 85.0% 7 $109.00 319.9 0.16 $0.059
Refrigerator - Remove Second Unit 17.3% 85.0% 7 $109.00 437.0 0.83 $0.043
Freezer - Early Replacement 10.0% 85.0% 5 $109.00 355.4 0.14 $0.070
Freezer - Remove Second Unit 17.3% 85.0% 5 $109.00 384.9 0.75 $0.065
Behavioral Measures 20.0% 50.0% 1 $12.00 125.0 0.20 $0.096
Pool - Pump Timer 58.8% 100.0% 15 $160.00 194.3 0.12 $0.085
Insulation - Foundation 25.9% 39.0% 25 $750.53 521.1 0.19 $0.116
Insulation - Wall Cavity 88.4% 100.0% 25 $1,415.87 2,186.1 0.17 $0.052
Insulation - Wall Sheathing 64.4% 100.0% 20 $300.00 276.9 0.14 $0.096
Water Heater - Solar System 5.0% 25.0% 20 $6,500.00 6,437.3 0.11 $0.089

751
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting B-61
Table B-22 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data, Electric—Single Family, New Vintage, Idaho
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Cost
($/HH)
Savings
(kWh)
BC
Ratio
Levelized
Cost
($/kWh)
Central AC - Maintenance and Tune-Up 41.0% 100.0% 4 $125.00 158.0 0.07 $0.218
Attic Fan - Installation 12.6% 50.0% 18 $96.50 8.7 0.01 $1.027
Attic Fan - Photovoltaic - Installation 4.0% 25.0% 19 $200.00 8.7 0.00 $2.072
Ceiling Fan - Installation 52.6% 100.0% 15 $160.00 174.2 0.10 $0.094
Whole-House Fan - Installation 4.0% 25.0% 18 $200.00 239.6 0.12 $0.078
Air Source Heat Pump - Maintenance 37.8% 100.0% 4 $125.00 1,065.7 0.53 $0.032
Insulation - Ducting 50.0% 59.4% 18 $250.00 553.3 0.22 $0.042
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 90.6% 95.0% 15 $249.47 608.2 0.41 $0.042
Doors - Storm and Thermal 13.0% 100.0% 12 $180.00 203.5 0.16 $0.104
Insulation - Ceiling 81.8% 75.0% 20 $634.00 549.5 0.13 $0.102
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 25.0% 100.0% 12 $922.68 193.4 0.03 $0.561
Roofs - High Reflectivity 5.0% 100.0% 15 $516.54 129.8 0.02 $0.408
Windows - Reflective Film 2.0% 50.0% 10 $266.67 338.0 0.11 $0.105
Windows - High Efficiency/Energy Star 95.5% 100.0% 25 $2,200.00 3,037.6 0.22 $0.058
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensor 23.5% 30.0% 15 $500.00 493.6 0.10 $0.104
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic
Installation 10.0% 100.0% 15 $2,975.00 60.1 0.00 $5.076
Exterior Lighting - Photosensor Control 13.2% 100.0% 8 $90.00 40.0 0.05 $0.352
Exterior Lighting - Timeclock
Installation 16.0% 100.0% 8 $72.00 40.0 0.06 $0.282
Water Heater - Faucet Aerators 38.3% 100.0% 25 $24.00 251.6 1.13 $0.008
Water Heater - Pipe Insulation 8.0% 100.0% 13 $15.00 221.9 1.78 $0.008
Water Heater - Low Flow Showerheads 89.8% 100.0% 10 $25.48 354.0 1.81 $0.010
Water Heater - Tank Blanket/Insulation 0.0% 0.0% 10 $15.00 713.6 3.82 $0.003
Water Heater - Thermostat Setback 5.0% 100.0% 5 $40.00 713.6 1.13 $0.013
Electronics - Reduce Standby Wattage 5.0% 100.0% 8 $20.00 126.7 0.53 $0.025
Behavioral Measures 20.0% 75.0% 1 $12.00 142.7 0.24 $0.084
Pool - Pump Timer 55.0% 100.0% 15 $160.00 200.1 0.14 $0.082
Insulation - Foundation 54.8% 63.6% 20 $358.00 744.7 0.49 $0.042
Insulation - Wall Cavity 91.1% 100.0% 25 $236.00 558.7 0.38 $0.034
Insulation - Wall Sheathing 64.4% 100.0% 20 $300.00 315.7 0.17 $0.084
Water Heater - Drainwater Heat
Reocvery 1.0% 100.0% 25 $899.00 1,176.3 0.14 $0.061

752
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
B-62 www.enernoc.com
Table B-23 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data, Electric—Multi Family, Existing
Vintage, Washington
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Cost
($/HH)
Savings
(kWh)
BC
Ratio
Levelized
Cost
($/kWh)
Central AC - Early Replacement 0.0% 80.0% 15 $2,895.00 46.4 0.00 $6.400
Central AC - Maintenance and Tune-Up 32.8% 100.0% 4 $100.00 45.8 0.03 $0.602
Room AC - Removal of Second Unit 0.0% 100.0% 5 $75.00 355.3 0.29 $0.048
Ceiling Fan - Installation 32.4% 100.0% 15 $80.00 37.9 0.04 $0.216
Air Source Heat Pump - Maintenance 25.0% 100.0% 4 $100.00 360.1 0.21 $0.077
Insulation - Ducting 13.0% 13.0% 18 $375.00 7.0 0.00 $4.945
Repair and Sealing - Ducting 11.8% 100.0% 18 $500.00 720.5 0.13 $0.064
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 27.0% 75.0% 15 $114.42 315.1 0.35 $0.037
Doors - Storm and Thermal 17.0% 100.0% 12 $320.00 - - $0.000
Insulation - Infiltration Control 19.0% 100.0% 12 $266.00 283.6 0.17 $0.110
Insulation - Ceiling 30.0% 40.0% 20 $215.00 277.6 0.17 $0.068
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 5.0% 100.0% 12 $922.68 433.3 0.06 $0.251
Roofs - High Reflectivity 3.0% 100.0% 15 $1,549.61 39.3 0.00 $4.045
Windows - Reflective Film 5.0% 50.0% 10 $166.67 112.4 0.06 $0.197
Windows - High Efficiency/Energy Star 70.4% 100.0% 25 $2,500.00 1,020.7 0.05 $0.196
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensor 5.6% 20.0% 15 $256.00 253.9 0.08 $0.103
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic
Installation 10.0% 100.0% 15 $2,975.00 5.5 0.00 $55.926
Exterior Lighting - Photosensor Control 7.1% 100.0% 8 $90.00 2.1 0.00 $6.688
Exterior Lighting - Timeclock
Installation 6.0% 100.0% 8 $72.00 2.1 0.00 $5.350
Water Heater - Faucet Aerators 43.2% 100.0% 25 $24.00 237.5 1.05 $0.008
Water Heater - Pipe Insulation 6.0% 100.0% 13 $15.00 149.6 0.90 $0.011
Water Heater - Low Flow Showerheads 71.6% 100.0% 10 $25.48 282.0 1.11 $0.012
Water Heater - Tank Blanket/Insulation 54.0% 100.0% 10 $15.00 480.9 2.25 $0.004
Water Heater - Thermostat Setback 17.0% 100.0% 5 $40.00 480.9 0.67 $0.019
Electronics - Reduce Standby Wattage 5.0% 100.0% 8 $20.00 73.6 0.31 $0.043
Refrigerator - Early Replacement 10.0% 85.0% 7 $109.00 255.9 0.13 $0.074
Refrigerator - Remove Second Unit 17.3% 85.0% 7 $109.00 437.0 0.83 $0.043
Freezer - Early Replacement 10.0% 85.0% 5 $109.00 307.9 0.12 $0.081
Freezer - Remove Second Unit 17.3% 85.0% 5 $109.00 384.9 0.75 $0.065
Behavioral Measures 5.0% 25.0% 1 $12.00 65.5 0.10 $0.183
Insulation - Wall Cavity 80.0% 100.0% 25 $707.94 522.3 0.09 $0.109
Insulation - Wall Sheathing 55.1% 100.0% 20 $210.00 356.6 0.22 $0.052

753
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting B-63
Table B-24 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data, Electric—Multi Family, New
Vintage, Washington
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Cost
($/HH)
Savings
(kWh)
BC
Ratio
Levelized
Cost
($/kWh)
Central AC - Maintenance and Tune-Up 32.8% 100.0% 4 $100.00 52.7 0.03 $0.524
Ceiling Fan - Installation 17.6% 100.0% 15 $80.00 59.7 0.07 $0.138
Air Source Heat Pump - Maintenance 25.0% 100.0% 4 $100.00 414.1 0.27 $0.067
Insulation - Ducting 13.0% 13.0% 18 $200.00 7.3 0.00 $2.531
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 77.0% 80.0% 15 $114.42 364.1 0.36 $0.032
Doors - Storm and Thermal 19.0% 100.0% 12 $180.00 - - $0.000
Insulation - Ceiling 30.7% 50.0% 20 $152.00 430.5 0.37 $0.031
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 5.0% 100.0% 12 $922.68 160.5 0.02 $0.677
Roofs - High Reflectivity 0.0% 100.0% 15 $516.54 35.4 0.01 $1.498
Windows - Reflective Film 2.0% 50.0% 10 $166.67 129.5 0.07 $0.171
Windows - High Efficiency/Energy Star 89.2% 100.0% 25 $2,200.00 2,298.8 0.14 $0.077
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensor 5.6% 10.0% 15 $256.00 281.1 0.11 $0.093
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic
Installation 10.0% 100.0% 15 $2,975.00 6.3 0.00 $48.646
Exterior Lighting - Photosensor Control 0.7% 100.0% 8 $90.00 2.3 0.00 $6.080
Exterior Lighting - Timeclock
Installation 11.0% 100.0% 8 $72.00 2.3 0.01 $4.864
Water Heater - Faucet Aerators 11.0% 100.0% 25 $24.00 217.0 1.04 $0.009
Water Heater - Pipe Insulation 0.0% 100.0% 13 $15.00 136.6 1.11 $0.012
Water Heater - Low Flow Showerheads 66.2% 100.0% 10 $25.48 282.0 1.42 $0.012
Water Heater - Tank Blanket/Insulation 0.0% 0.0% 10 $15.00 439.3 2.67 $0.005
Water Heater - Thermostat Setback 5.0% 100.0% 5 $40.00 439.3 0.76 $0.021
Electronics - Reduce Standby Wattage 5.0% 100.0% 8 $20.00 79.5 0.35 $0.039
Behavioral Measures 5.0% 75.0% 1 $12.00 75.1 0.13 $0.160
Insulation - Wall Cavity 91.1% 100.0% 25 $62.50 478.4 1.03 $0.010
Insulation - Wall Sheathing 55.1% 100.0% 20 $210.00 410.2 0.26 $0.045
Water Heater - Drainwater Heat
Reocvery 1.0% 100.0% 25 $899.00 724.2 0.09 $0.100

754
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
B-64 www.enernoc.com
Table B-25 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data, Electric—Multi Family, Existing Vintage,
Idaho
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Cost
($/HH)
Savings
(kWh)
BC
Ratio
Levelized
Cost
($/kWh)
Central AC - Early Replacement 0.0% 80.0% 15 $2,895.00 46.4 0.00 $6.400
Central AC - Maintenance and Tune-Up 32.8% 100.0% 4 $100.00 45.8 0.03 $0.602
Room AC - Removal of Second Unit 0.0% 100.0% 5 $75.00 355.3 0.29 $0.048
Ceiling Fan - Installation 32.4% 100.0% 15 $80.00 37.9 0.04 $0.216
Air Source Heat Pump - Maintenance 25.0% 100.0% 4 $100.00 360.1 0.21 $0.077
Insulation - Ducting 13.0% 13.0% 18 $375.00 7.0 0.00 $4.945
Repair and Sealing - Ducting 11.8% 100.0% 18 $500.00 720.5 0.13 $0.064
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 27.0% 75.0% 15 $114.42 315.1 0.35 $0.037
Doors - Storm and Thermal 17.0% 100.0% 12 $320.00 - - $0.000
Insulation - Infiltration Control 19.0% 100.0% 12 $266.00 283.6 0.17 $0.110
Insulation - Ceiling 30.0% 40.0% 20 $215.00 277.6 0.17 $0.068
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 5.0% 100.0% 12 $922.68 433.3 0.06 $0.251
Roofs - High Reflectivity 3.0% 100.0% 15 $1,549.61 39.3 0.00 $4.045
Windows - Reflective Film 5.0% 50.0% 10 $166.67 112.4 0.06 $0.197
Windows - High Efficiency/Energy Star 70.4% 100.0% 25 $2,500.00 1,020.7 0.05 $0.196
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensor 5.6% 20.0% 15 $256.00 253.9 0.08 $0.103
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic
Installation 10.0% 100.0% 15 $2,975.00 5.5 0.00 $55.926
Exterior Lighting - Photosensor Control 7.1% 100.0% 8 $90.00 2.1 0.00 $6.688
Exterior Lighting - Timeclock
Installation 6.0% 100.0% 8 $72.00 2.1 0.00 $5.350
Water Heater - Faucet Aerators 43.2% 100.0% 25 $24.00 237.5 1.05 $0.008
Water Heater - Pipe Insulation 6.0% 100.0% 13 $15.00 149.6 0.90 $0.011
Water Heater - Low Flow Showerheads 71.6% 100.0% 10 $25.48 282.0 1.11 $0.012
Water Heater - Tank Blanket/Insulation 54.0% 100.0% 10 $15.00 480.9 2.25 $0.004
Water Heater - Thermostat Setback 17.0% 100.0% 5 $40.00 480.9 0.67 $0.019
Electronics - Reduce Standby Wattage 5.0% 100.0% 8 $20.00 73.6 0.31 $0.043
Refrigerator - Early Replacement 10.0% 85.0% 7 $109.00 255.9 0.13 $0.074
Refrigerator - Remove Second Unit 17.3% 85.0% 7 $109.00 437.0 0.83 $0.043
Freezer - Early Replacement 10.0% 85.0% 5 $109.00 307.9 0.12 $0.081
Freezer - Remove Second Unit 17.3% 85.0% 5 $109.00 384.9 0.75 $0.065
Behavioral Measures 5.0% 25.0% 1 $12.00 65.5 0.10 $0.183
Insulation - Wall Cavity 80.0% 100.0% 25 $707.94 522.3 0.09 $0.109
Insulation - Wall Sheathing 55.1% 100.0% 20 $210.00 356.6 0.22 $0.052

755
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting B-65
Table B-26 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data, Electric—Multi Family, New Vintage, Idaho
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Cost
($/HH)
Savings
(kWh)
BC
Ratio
Levelized
Cost
($/kWh)
Central AC - Maintenance and Tune-Up 32.8% 100.0% 4 $100.00 52.7 0.03 $0.524
Ceiling Fan - Installation 17.6% 100.0% 15 $80.00 59.7 0.07 $0.138
Air Source Heat Pump - Maintenance 25.0% 100.0% 4 $100.00 414.1 0.27 $0.067
Insulation - Ducting 13.0% 13.0% 18 $200.00 7.3 0.00 $2.531
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 77.0% 80.0% 15 $114.42 364.1 0.36 $0.032
Doors - Storm and Thermal 19.0% 100.0% 12 $180.00 - - $0.000
Insulation - Ceiling 30.7% 50.0% 20 $152.00 430.5 0.37 $0.031
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 5.0% 100.0% 12 $922.68 160.5 0.02 $0.677
Roofs - High Reflectivity 0.0% 100.0% 15 $516.54 35.4 0.01 $1.498
Windows - Reflective Film 2.0% 50.0% 10 $166.67 129.5 0.07 $0.171
Windows - High Efficiency/Energy Star 89.2% 100.0% 25 $2,200.00 2,298.8 0.14 $0.077
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensor 5.6% 10.0% 15 $256.00 281.1 0.11 $0.093
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic
Installation 10.0% 100.0% 15 $2,975.00 6.3 0.00 $48.646
Exterior Lighting - Photosensor Control 0.7% 100.0% 8 $90.00 2.3 0.00 $6.080
Exterior Lighting - Timeclock
Installation 11.0% 100.0% 8 $72.00 2.3 0.01 $4.864
Water Heater - Faucet Aerators 11.0% 100.0% 25 $24.00 217.0 1.04 $0.009
Water Heater - Pipe Insulation 0.0% 100.0% 13 $15.00 136.6 1.11 $0.012
Water Heater - Low Flow Showerheads 66.2% 100.0% 10 $25.48 282.0 1.42 $0.012
Water Heater - Tank Blanket/Insulation 0.0% 0.0% 10 $15.00 439.3 2.67 $0.005
Water Heater - Thermostat Setback 5.0% 100.0% 5 $40.00 439.3 0.76 $0.021
Electronics - Reduce Standby Wattage 5.0% 100.0% 8 $20.00 79.5 0.35 $0.039
Behavioral Measures 5.0% 75.0% 1 $12.00 75.1 0.13 $0.160
Insulation - Wall Cavity 91.1% 100.0% 25 $62.50 478.4 1.03 $0.010
Insulation - Wall Sheathing 55.1% 100.0% 20 $210.00 410.2 0.26 $0.045
Water Heater - Drainwater Heat
Reocvery 1.0% 100.0% 25 $899.00 724.2 0.09 $0.100

756
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
B-66 www.enernoc.com
Table B-27 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data, Electric—Mobile Home, Existing
Vintage, Washington
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Cost
($/HH)
Savings
(kWh)
BC
Ratio
Levelized
Cost
($/kWh)
Central AC - Early Replacement 0.0% 80.0% 15 $2,895.00 55.3 0.00 $5.373
Central AC - Maintenance and Tune-Up 58.9% 100.0% 4 $100.00 54.5 0.03 $0.506
Room AC - Removal of Second Unit 0.0% 100.0% 5 $75.00 305.2 0.25 $0.056
Ceiling Fan - Installation 60.0% 100.0% 15 $80.00 41.2 0.05 $0.199
Whole-House Fan - Installation 5.2% 25.0% 18 $150.00 66.1 0.04 $0.211
Air Source Heat Pump - Maintenance 25.0% 100.0% 4 $125.00 496.0 0.22 $0.070
Insulation - Ducting 15.0% 65.0% 18 $375.00 320.3 0.08 $0.109
Repair and Sealing - Ducting 12.3% 100.0% 18 $398.09 2,477.4 0.59 $0.015
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 51.0% 75.0% 15 $114.42 513.2 0.94 $0.023
Doors - Storm and Thermal 38.0% 100.0% 12 $320.00 79.1 0.04 $0.476
Insulation - Infiltration Control 46.0% 100.0% 25 $208.70 364.9 0.42 $0.046
Insulation - Ceiling 46.2% 85.0% 25 $276.18 355.8 0.18 $0.062
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 5.0% 100.0% 12 $922.68 387.5 0.07 $0.280
Roofs - High Reflectivity 5.0% 100.0% 15 $1,549.61 31.3 0.00 $5.080
Windows - Reflective Film 5.0% 50.0% 10 $166.67 139.9 0.07 $0.159
Windows - High Efficiency/Energy Star 52.4% 100.0% 25 $3,171.89 4,053.4 0.16 $0.063
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensor 66.6% 80.0% 15 $750.00 346.9 0.04 $0.222
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic
Installation 10.0% 100.0% 15 $2,975.00 41.9 0.00 $7.281
Exterior Lighting - Photosensor Control 23.4% 100.0% 8 $90.00 28.3 0.02 $0.497
Exterior Lighting - Timeclock Installation 10.0% 100.0% 8 $72.00 28.3 0.03 $0.398
Water Heater - Faucet Aerators 78.9% 100.0% 25 $24.00 179.3 1.02 $0.011
Water Heater - Pipe Insulation 17.0% 100.0% 13 $15.00 157.9 1.14 $0.011
Water Heater - Low Flow Showerheads 92.1% 100.0% 10 $25.48 816.8 2.74 $0.004
Water Heater - Tank Blanket/Insulation 54.0% 100.0% 10 $15.00 507.7 2.43 $0.004
Water Heater - Thermostat Setback 17.0% 100.0% 5 $40.00 507.7 0.72 $0.018
Electronics - Reduce Standby Wattage 5.0% 100.0% 8 $20.00 91.0 0.37 $0.034
Refrigerator - Early Replacement 10.0% 85.0% 7 $109.00 249.5 0.12 $0.076
Refrigerator - Remove Second Unit 17.3% 85.0% 7 $109.00 437.0 0.83 $0.043
Freezer - Early Replacement 10.0% 85.0% 5 $109.00 300.2 0.12 $0.083
Freezer - Remove Second Unit 17.3% 85.0% 5 $109.00 384.9 0.75 $0.065
Behavioral Measures 20.0% 50.0% 1 $12.00 84.5 0.14 $0.142
Pool - Pump Timer 50.0% 100.0% 15 $160.00 145.7 0.09 $0.113
Insulation - Wall Cavity 81.8% 100.0% 25 $707.94 1,004.5 0.17 $0.057
Insulation - Wall Sheathing 64.4% 100.0% 20 $300.00 187.2 0.11 $0.141

757
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting B-67
Table B-28 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data, Electric—Mobile Home, New
Vintage, Washington
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Cost
($/HH)
Savings
(kWh)
BC
Ratio
Levelized
Cost
($/kWh)
Central AC - Maintenance and Tune-Up 58.9% 100.0% 4 $100.00 58.6 0.03 $0.471
Ceiling Fan - Installation 57.0% 100.0% 15 $80.00 60.2 0.07 $0.136
Whole-House Fan - Installation 4.0% 25.0% 18 $150.00 82.8 0.05 $0.168
Air Source Heat Pump - Maintenance 25.0% 100.0% 4 $125.00 533.2 0.26 $0.065
Insulation - Ducting 55.0% 65.0% 18 $200.00 344.0 0.17 $0.054
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 57.0% 75.0% 15 $114.42 552.4 0.77 $0.021
Doors - Storm and Thermal 13.0% 100.0% 12 $180.00 126.6 0.11 $0.167
Insulation - Ceiling 46.2% 85.0% 20 $176.00 341.1 0.32 $0.046
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 25.0% 100.0% 12 $922.68 115.6 0.02 $0.939
Roofs - High Reflectivity 5.0% 100.0% 15 $516.54 44.8 0.01 $1.183
Windows - Reflective Film 2.0% 50.0% 10 $166.67 116.7 0.06 $0.190
Windows - High Efficiency/Energy Star 95.5% 100.0% 25 $2,200.00 1,916.5 0.15 $0.092
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensor 66.6% 80.0% 15 $500.00 366.0 0.08 $0.140
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic
Installation 10.0% 100.0% 15 $2,975.00 44.8 0.00 $6.818
Exterior Lighting - Photosensor Control 13.2% 100.0% 8 $90.00 29.8 0.04 $0.473
Exterior Lighting - Timeclock
Installation 16.0% 100.0% 8 $72.00 29.8 0.05 $0.379
Water Heater - Faucet Aerators 56.6% 100.0% 25 $24.00 171.3 1.01 $0.011
Water Heater - Pipe Insulation 8.0% 100.0% 13 $15.00 151.1 1.43 $0.011
Water Heater - Low Flow Showerheads 92.1% 100.0% 10 $25.48 781.8 3.37 $0.004
Water Heater - Tank Blanket/Insulation 0.0% 0.0% 10 $15.00 485.8 2.95 $0.004
Water Heater - Thermostat Setback 5.0% 100.0% 5 $40.00 485.8 0.84 $0.019
Electronics - Reduce Standby Wattage 5.0% 100.0% 8 $20.00 94.1 0.40 $0.033
Behavioral Measures 20.0% 75.0% 1 $12.00 90.5 0.15 $0.133
Pool - Pump Timer 35.0% 100.0% 15 $160.00 148.8 0.10 $0.110
Insulation - Wall Cavity 64.5% 100.0% 25 $197.06 356.6 0.31 $0.044
Insulation - Wall Sheathing 64.4% 100.0% 20 $300.00 200.7 0.11 $0.132
Water Heater - Drainwater Heat
Reocvery 1.0% 100.0% 25 $899.00 800.7 0.11 $0.090

758
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
B-68 www.enernoc.com
Table B-29 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data, Electric—Mobile Home, Existing Vintage,
Idaho
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Cost
($/HH)
Savings
(kWh)
BC
Ratio
Levelized
Cost
($/kWh)
Central AC - Early Replacement 0.0% 80.0% 15 $2,895.00 55.3 0.00 $5.373
Central AC - Maintenance and Tune-Up 58.9% 100.0% 4 $100.00 54.5 0.03 $0.506
Room AC - Removal of Second Unit 0.0% 100.0% 5 $75.00 305.2 0.25 $0.056
Ceiling Fan - Installation 60.0% 100.0% 15 $80.00 41.2 0.05 $0.199
Whole-House Fan - Installation 5.2% 25.0% 18 $150.00 66.1 0.04 $0.211
Air Source Heat Pump - Maintenance 25.0% 100.0% 4 $125.00 496.0 0.22 $0.070
Insulation - Ducting 15.0% 65.0% 18 $375.00 320.3 0.08 $0.109
Repair and Sealing - Ducting 12.3% 100.0% 18 $398.09 2,477.4 0.59 $0.015
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 51.0% 75.0% 15 $114.42 513.2 0.94 $0.023
Doors - Storm and Thermal 38.0% 100.0% 12 $320.00 79.1 0.04 $0.476
Insulation - Infiltration Control 46.0% 100.0% 25 $208.70 364.9 0.42 $0.046
Insulation - Ceiling 46.2% 85.0% 25 $276.18 355.8 0.18 $0.062
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 5.0% 100.0% 12 $922.68 387.5 0.07 $0.280
Roofs - High Reflectivity 5.0% 100.0% 15 $1,549.61 31.3 0.00 $5.080
Windows - Reflective Film 5.0% 50.0% 10 $166.67 139.9 0.07 $0.159
Windows - High Efficiency/Energy Star 52.4% 100.0% 25 $3,171.89 4,053.4 0.16 $0.063
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensor 66.6% 80.0% 15 $750.00 346.9 0.04 $0.222
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic
Installation 10.0% 100.0% 15 $2,975.00 41.9 0.00 $7.281
Exterior Lighting - Photosensor Control 23.4% 100.0% 8 $90.00 28.3 0.02 $0.497
Exterior Lighting - Timeclock
Installation 10.0% 100.0% 8 $72.00 28.3 0.03 $0.398
Water Heater - Faucet Aerators 78.9% 100.0% 25 $24.00 179.3 1.02 $0.011
Water Heater - Pipe Insulation 17.0% 100.0% 13 $15.00 157.9 1.14 $0.011
Water Heater - Low Flow Showerheads 92.1% 100.0% 10 $25.48 816.8 2.74 $0.004
Water Heater - Tank Blanket/Insulation 54.0% 100.0% 10 $15.00 507.7 2.43 $0.004
Water Heater - Thermostat Setback 17.0% 100.0% 5 $40.00 507.7 0.72 $0.018
Electronics - Reduce Standby Wattage 5.0% 100.0% 8 $20.00 91.0 0.37 $0.034
Refrigerator - Early Replacement 10.0% 85.0% 7 $109.00 249.5 0.12 $0.076
Refrigerator - Remove Second Unit 17.3% 85.0% 7 $109.00 437.0 0.83 $0.043
Freezer - Early Replacement 10.0% 85.0% 5 $109.00 300.2 0.12 $0.083
Freezer - Remove Second Unit 17.3% 85.0% 5 $109.00 384.9 0.75 $0.065
Behavioral Measures 20.0% 50.0% 1 $12.00 84.5 0.14 $0.142
Pool - Pump Timer 50.0% 100.0% 15 $160.00 145.7 0.09 $0.113
Insulation - Wall Cavity 81.8% 100.0% 25 $707.94 1,004.5 0.17 $0.057
Insulation - Wall Sheathing 64.4% 100.0% 20 $300.00 187.2 0.11 $0.141

759
Residential Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting B-69
Table B-30 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data, Electric—Mobile Home, New Vintage, Idaho
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Cost
($/HH)
Savings
(kWh)
BC
Ratio
Levelized
Cost
($/kWh)
Central AC - Maintenance and Tune-Up 58.9% 100.0% 4 $100.00 58.6 0.03 $0.471
Ceiling Fan - Installation 57.0% 100.0% 15 $80.00 60.2 0.07 $0.136
Whole-House Fan - Installation 4.0% 25.0% 18 $150.00 82.8 0.05 $0.168
Air Source Heat Pump - Maintenance 25.0% 100.0% 4 $125.00 533.2 0.26 $0.065
Insulation - Ducting 55.0% 65.0% 18 $200.00 344.0 0.17 $0.054
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 57.0% 75.0% 15 $114.42 552.4 0.77 $0.021
Doors - Storm and Thermal 13.0% 100.0% 12 $180.00 126.6 0.11 $0.167
Insulation - Ceiling 46.2% 85.0% 20 $176.00 341.1 0.32 $0.046
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 25.0% 100.0% 12 $922.68 115.6 0.02 $0.939
Roofs - High Reflectivity 5.0% 100.0% 15 $516.54 44.8 0.01 $1.183
Windows - Reflective Film 2.0% 50.0% 10 $166.67 116.7 0.06 $0.190
Windows - High Efficiency/Energy Star 95.5% 100.0% 25 $2,200.00 1,916.5 0.15 $0.092
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensor 66.6% 80.0% 15 $500.00 366.0 0.08 $0.140
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic
Installation 10.0% 100.0% 15 $2,975.00 44.8 0.00 $6.818
Exterior Lighting - Photosensor Control 13.2% 100.0% 8 $90.00 29.8 0.04 $0.473
Exterior Lighting - Timeclock
Installation 16.0% 100.0% 8 $72.00 29.8 0.05 $0.379
Water Heater - Faucet Aerators 56.6% 100.0% 25 $24.00 171.3 1.01 $0.011
Water Heater - Pipe Insulation 8.0% 100.0% 13 $15.00 151.1 1.43 $0.011
Water Heater - Low Flow Showerheads 92.1% 100.0% 10 $25.48 781.8 3.37 $0.004
Water Heater - Tank Blanket/Insulation 0.0% 0.0% 10 $15.00 485.8 2.95 $0.004
Water Heater - Thermostat Setback 5.0% 100.0% 5 $40.00 485.8 0.84 $0.019
Electronics - Reduce Standby Wattage 5.0% 100.0% 8 $20.00 94.1 0.40 $0.033
Behavioral Measures 20.0% 75.0% 1 $12.00 90.5 0.15 $0.133
Pool - Pump Timer 35.0% 100.0% 15 $160.00 148.8 0.10 $0.110
Insulation - Wall Cavity 64.5% 100.0% 25 $197.06 356.6 0.31 $0.044
Insulation - Wall Sheathing 64.4% 100.0% 20 $300.00 200.7 0.11 $0.132
Water Heater - Drainwater Heat
Reocvery 1.0% 100.0% 25 $899.00 800.7 0.11 $0.090

760
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Table B-31 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data, Electric—Low income, Existing
Vintage, Washington
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Cost
($/HH)
Savings
(kWh)
BC
Ratio
Levelized
Cost
($/kWh)
Central AC - Early Replacement 0.0% 80.0% 15 $2,895.00 59.1 0.00 $5.026
Central AC - Maintenance and Tune-Up 24.6% 100.0% 4 $100.00 58.3 0.43 $0.473
Room AC - Removal of Second Unit 0.0% 100.0% 5 $75.00 289.2 0.24 $0.059
Attic Fan - Installation 2.9% 50.0% 18 $115.80 2.4 0.00 $4.502
Attic Fan - Photovoltaic - Installation 2.0% 25.0% 19 $350.00 2.4 0.00 $13.244
Ceiling Fan - Installation 40.8% 100.0% 15 $80.00 42.0 0.05 $0.196
Whole-House Fan - Installation 5.3% 25.0% 18 $150.00 67.3 0.04 $0.207
Air Source Heat Pump - Maintenance 25.0% 100.0% 4 $125.00 480.2 0.62 $0.072
Insulation - Ducting 13.0% 25.0% 18 $395.00 279.5 0.37 $0.131
Repair and Sealing - Ducting 11.8% 100.0% 18 $500.00 837.0 0.46 $0.056
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 35.9% 75.0% 15 $114.42 450.0 1.19 $0.026
Doors - Storm and Thermal 17.0% 100.0% 12 $320.00 68.7 0.04 $0.548
Insulation - Infiltration Control 19.0% 100.0% 12 $266.00 522.9 0.64 $0.060
Insulation - Ceiling 39.3% 55.0% 20 $215.00 170.6 0.45 $0.111
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 5.0% 100.0% 12 $922.68 336.6 0.36 $0.323
Roofs - High Reflectivity 3.0% 100.0% 15 $1,549.61 31.9 0.00 $4.987
Windows - Reflective Film 5.0% 50.0% 10 $166.67 142.5 0.07 $0.156
Windows - High Efficiency/Energy Star 71.3% 100.0% 25 $2,500.00 1,226.3 0.40 $0.163
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensor 8.2% 20.0% 15 $256.00 254.7 0.09 $0.103
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic
Installation 10.0% 100.0% 15 $2,975.00 20.4 0.00 $14.935
Exterior Lighting - Photosensor Control 8.4% 100.0% 8 $90.00 13.8 0.01 $1.020
Exterior Lighting - Timeclock
Installation 6.0% 100.0% 8 $72.00 13.8 0.02 $0.816
Water Heater - Faucet Aerators 45.5% 100.0% 25 $24.00 170.6 1.00 $0.011
Water Heater - Pipe Insulation 6.0% 100.0% 13 $15.00 150.2 1.22 $0.011
Water Heater - Low Flow Showerheads 73.8% 100.0% 10 $25.48 777.0 2.77 $0.004
Water Heater - Tank Blanket/Insulation 54.0% 100.0% 10 $15.00 482.9 2.29 $0.004
Water Heater - Thermostat Setback 17.0% 100.0% 5 $40.00 482.9 0.68 $0.019
Electronics - Reduce Standby Wattage 5.0% 100.0% 8 $20.00 64.3 0.27 $0.049
Refrigerator - Early Replacement 10.0% 85.0% 7 $109.00 224.7 0.11 $0.084
Refrigerator - Remove Second Unit 17.3% 85.0% 7 $109.00 437.0 0.83 $0.043
Freezer - Early Replacement 10.0% 85.0% 5 $109.00 270.4 0.10 $0.092
Freezer - Remove Second Unit 17.3% 85.0% 5 $109.00 384.9 0.75 $0.065
Behavioral Measures 5.0% 25.0% 1 $12.00 71.9 0.11 $0.167
Pool - Pump Timer 50.0% 100.0% 15 $160.00 151.5 0.10 $0.108
Insulation - Foundation 13.0% 40.0% 20 $358.00 361.5 0.63 $0.087
Insulation - Wall Cavity 44.2% 100.0% 25 $1,415.87 870.1 0.38 $0.130
Insulation - Wall Sheathing 58.8% 100.0% 20 $210.00 162.6 0.44 $0.114

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Table B-32 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data, Electric—Low income, New
Vintage, Washington
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Cost
($/HH)
Savings
(kWh)
BC
Ratio
Levelized
Cost
($/kWh)
Central AC - Maintenance and Tune-Up 24.6% 100.0% 4 $100.00 62.7 0.44 $0.440
Attic Fan - Installation 15.0% 50.0% 18 $96.50 3.3 0.00 $2.739
Attic Fan - Photovoltaic - Installation 5.0% 25.0% 19 $200.00 3.3 0.00 $5.524
Ceiling Fan - Installation 33.0% 100.0% 15 $80.00 65.4 0.08 $0.126
Whole-House Fan - Installation 4.0% 25.0% 18 $150.00 89.9 0.06 $0.155
Air Source Heat Pump - Maintenance 37.8% 100.0% 4 $125.00 516.2 0.65 $0.067
Insulation - Ducting 25.0% 25.0% 18 $210.00 303.0 0.44 $0.064
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 45.3% 75.0% 15 $114.42 490.0 1.05 $0.024
Doors - Storm and Thermal 19.0% 100.0% 12 $180.00 111.5 0.10 $0.190
Insulation - Ceiling 39.0% 50.0% 20 $152.00 300.6 0.67 $0.045
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 5.0% 100.0% 12 $922.68 103.0 0.32 $1.054
Roofs - High Reflectivity 0.0% 100.0% 15 $516.54 48.7 0.01 $1.089
Windows - Reflective Film 2.0% 50.0% 10 $166.67 126.8 0.07 $0.175
Windows - High Efficiency/Energy Star 80.2% 100.0% 25 $2,200.00 1,681.0 0.44 $0.105
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensor 8.2% 10.0% 15 $256.00 268.5 0.12 $0.098
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic
Installation 10.0% 100.0% 15 $2,975.00 21.8 0.00 $13.986
Exterior Lighting - Photosensor Control 0.0% 100.0% 8 $90.00 14.5 0.02 $0.971
Exterior Lighting - Timeclock
Installation 11.0% 100.0% 8 $72.00 14.5 0.02 $0.777
Water Heater - Faucet Aerators 10.6% 100.0% 25 $24.00 162.9 1.04 $0.012
Water Heater - Pipe Insulation 0.0% 100.0% 13 $15.00 143.7 1.56 $0.012
Water Heater - Low Flow Showerheads 66.2% 100.0% 10 $25.48 743.6 3.45 $0.005
Water Heater - Tank Blanket/Insulation 0.0% 0.0% 10 $15.00 462.1 2.80 $0.004
Water Heater - Thermostat Setback 5.0% 100.0% 5 $40.00 462.1 0.80 $0.020
Electronics - Reduce Standby Wattage 5.0% 100.0% 8 $20.00 66.9 0.29 $0.047
Behavioral Measures 5.0% 75.0% 1 $12.00 77.7 0.13 $0.154
Pool - Pump Timer 35.0% 100.0% 15 $160.00 154.7 0.11 $0.106
Insulation - Foundation 27.4% 40.0% 20 $358.00 395.1 0.65 $0.080
Insulation - Wall Cavity 45.6% 100.0% 25 $62.50 311.7 1.25 $0.016
Insulation - Wall Sheathing 58.8% 100.0% 20 $210.00 175.7 0.46 $0.105
Water Heater - Drainwater Heat
Reocvery 1.0% 100.0% 25 $899.00 761.6 0.12 $0.095

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Table B-33 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data, Electric—Low income, Existing Vintage,
Idaho
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Cost
($/HH)
Savings
(kWh)
BC
Ratio
Levelized
Cost
($/kWh)
Central AC - Early Replacement 0.0% 80.0% 15 $2,895.00 59.1 0.00 $5.026
Central AC - Maintenance and Tune-Up 24.6% 100.0% 4 $100.00 58.3 0.43 $0.473
Room AC - Removal of Second Unit 0.0% 100.0% 5 $75.00 289.2 0.24 $0.059
Attic Fan - Installation 2.9% 50.0% 18 $115.80 2.4 0.00 $4.502
Attic Fan - Photovoltaic - Installation 2.0% 25.0% 19 $350.00 2.4 0.00 $13.244
Ceiling Fan - Installation 40.8% 100.0% 15 $80.00 42.0 0.05 $0.196
Whole-House Fan - Installation 5.3% 25.0% 18 $150.00 67.3 0.04 $0.207
Air Source Heat Pump - Maintenance 25.0% 100.0% 4 $125.00 480.2 0.62 $0.072
Insulation - Ducting 13.0% 25.0% 18 $395.00 279.5 0.37 $0.131
Repair and Sealing - Ducting 11.8% 100.0% 18 $500.00 837.0 0.46 $0.056
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 35.9% 75.0% 15 $114.42 450.0 1.19 $0.026
Doors - Storm and Thermal 17.0% 100.0% 12 $320.00 68.7 0.04 $0.548
Insulation - Infiltration Control 19.0% 100.0% 12 $266.00 522.9 0.64 $0.060
Insulation - Ceiling 39.3% 55.0% 20 $215.00 170.6 0.45 $0.111
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 5.0% 100.0% 12 $922.68 336.6 0.36 $0.323
Roofs - High Reflectivity 3.0% 100.0% 15 $1,549.61 31.9 0.00 $4.987
Windows - Reflective Film 5.0% 50.0% 10 $166.67 142.5 0.07 $0.156
Windows - High Efficiency/Energy Star 71.3% 100.0% 25 $2,500.00 1,226.3 0.40 $0.163
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensor 8.2% 20.0% 15 $256.00 254.7 0.09 $0.103
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic
Installation 10.0% 100.0% 15 $2,975.00 20.4 0.00 $14.935
Exterior Lighting - Photosensor Control 8.4% 100.0% 8 $90.00 13.8 0.01 $1.020
Exterior Lighting - Timeclock
Installation 6.0% 100.0% 8 $72.00 13.8 0.02 $0.816
Water Heater - Faucet Aerators 45.5% 100.0% 25 $24.00 170.6 1.00 $0.011
Water Heater - Pipe Insulation 6.0% 100.0% 13 $15.00 150.2 1.22 $0.011
Water Heater - Low Flow Showerheads 73.8% 100.0% 10 $25.48 777.0 2.77 $0.004
Water Heater - Tank Blanket/Insulation 54.0% 100.0% 10 $15.00 482.9 2.29 $0.004
Water Heater - Thermostat Setback 17.0% 100.0% 5 $40.00 482.9 0.68 $0.019
Electronics - Reduce Standby Wattage 5.0% 100.0% 8 $20.00 64.3 0.27 $0.049
Refrigerator - Early Replacement 10.0% 85.0% 7 $109.00 224.7 0.11 $0.084
Refrigerator - Remove Second Unit 17.3% 85.0% 7 $109.00 437.0 0.83 $0.043

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Table B-34 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data, Electric—Low income, New Vintage, Idaho
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Cost
($/HH)
Savings
(kWh)
BC
Ratio
Levelized
Cost
($/kWh)
Central AC - Maintenance and Tune-Up 24.6% 100.0% 4 $100.00 62.7 0.44 $0.440
Attic Fan - Installation 15.0% 50.0% 18 $96.50 3.3 0.00 $2.739
Attic Fan - Photovoltaic - Installation 5.0% 25.0% 19 $200.00 3.3 0.00 $5.524
Ceiling Fan - Installation 33.0% 100.0% 15 $80.00 65.4 0.08 $0.126
Whole-House Fan - Installation 4.0% 25.0% 18 $150.00 89.9 0.06 $0.155
Air Source Heat Pump - Maintenance 37.8% 100.0% 4 $125.00 516.2 0.65 $0.067
Insulation - Ducting 25.0% 25.0% 18 $210.00 303.0 0.44 $0.064
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 45.3% 75.0% 15 $114.42 490.0 1.05 $0.024
Doors - Storm and Thermal 19.0% 100.0% 12 $180.00 111.5 0.10 $0.190
Insulation - Ceiling 39.0% 50.0% 20 $152.00 300.6 0.67 $0.045
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 5.0% 100.0% 12 $922.68 103.0 0.32 $1.054
Roofs - High Reflectivity 0.0% 100.0% 15 $516.54 48.7 0.01 $1.089
Windows - Reflective Film 2.0% 50.0% 10 $166.67 126.8 0.07 $0.175
Windows - High Efficiency/Energy Star 80.2% 100.0% 25 $2,200.00 1,681.0 0.44 $0.105
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensor 8.2% 10.0% 15 $256.00 268.5 0.12 $0.098
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic
Installation 10.0% 100.0% 15 $2,975.00 21.8 0.00 $13.986
Exterior Lighting - Photosensor Control 0.0% 100.0% 8 $90.00 14.5 0.02 $0.971
Exterior Lighting - Timeclock
Installation 11.0% 100.0% 8 $72.00 14.5 0.02 $0.777
Water Heater - Faucet Aerators 10.6% 100.0% 25 $24.00 162.9 1.04 $0.012
Water Heater - Pipe Insulation 0.0% 100.0% 13 $15.00 143.7 1.56 $0.012
Water Heater - Low Flow Showerheads 66.2% 100.0% 10 $25.48 743.6 3.45 $0.005
Water Heater - Tank Blanket/Insulation 0.0% 0.0% 10 $15.00 462.1 2.80 $0.004
Water Heater - Thermostat Setback 5.0% 100.0% 5 $40.00 462.1 0.80 $0.020
Electronics - Reduce Standby Wattage 5.0% 100.0% 8 $20.00 66.9 0.29 $0.047
Behavioral Measures 5.0% 75.0% 1 $12.00 77.7 0.13 $0.154
Pool - Pump Timer 35.0% 100.0% 15 $160.00 154.7 0.11 $0.106
Insulation - Foundation 27.4% 40.0% 20 $358.00 395.1 0.65 $0.080
Insulation - Wall Cavity 45.6% 100.0% 25 $62.50 311.7 1.25 $0.016
Insulation - Wall Sheathing 58.8% 100.0% 20 $210.00 175.7 0.46 $0.105
Water Heater - Drainwater Heat
Reocvery 1.0% 100.0% 25 $899.00 761.6 0.12 $0.095

764
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APPENDIX C
C&I ENERGY EFFICIENCY EQUIPMENT AND MEASURE DATA
This appendix presents detailed information for all commercial energy-efficiency measures
(equipment and non-equipment measures per the LoadMAP taxonomy) that were evaluated in
this study.
Table C-1 and Table C-2 provide brief narrative descriptions for all equipment and non-
equipment measures that were assessed for potential.
Table C-3 through Table C-18 list the detailed unit-level data (including economic screen results)
for commercial equipment measures in existing and new buildings. The column headings and
units are the same as described for the corresponding residential sector tables above.
Table C-19 through Table C-34 list the detailed unit-level data (including economic screen
results) for commercial non-equipment measures in existing and new construction. The column
headings and units are the same as described for the corresponding residential sector tables
above.

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Table C-1 C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment Measure Descriptions
End Use Technology Measure Description
Cooling Air-Cooled Chiller
A central chiller plant creates chilled water for distribution throughout the
facility. Because of the wide variety of system types and sizes, savings and cost
values for efficiency improvements represent an average over screw,
reciprocating, and centrifugal technologies. Under this simplified approach,
each central system is characterized by an aggregate efficiency value (inclusive
of chiller, pumps, and motors), in kW/ton with a further efficiency upgrade
through the application of variable refrigerant flow technology.
Cooling Water-Cooled Chiller
A central chiller plant creates chilled water for distribution throughout the
facility. Water source chillers include heat rejection via a condenser loop and
cooling tower. Because of the wide variety of system types and sizes, savings
and cost values for efficiency improvements represent an average over screw,
reciprocating, and centrifugal technologies. Under this simplified approach,
each central system is characterized by an aggregate efficiency value (inclusive
of chiller, pumps, motors, and condenser loop equipment), in kW/ton with a
further efficiency upgrade through the application of variable refrigerant flow
technology.
Cooling Roof Top AC
Packaged cooling systems, such as rooftop units (RTUs), are simple to install
and maintain, and are commonly used in small and medium-sized commercial
buildings. Applications range from a single supply system with air intake filters,
supply fan, and cooling coil, or can become more complex with the addition of
a return air duct, return air fan, and various controls to optimize performance.
For packaged RTUs, varying Energy Efficiency Ratios (EER) are modeled, as well
as a ductless mini-split system.
Cooling /
Space Heating
Air-Source Heat
Pump
For heat pumps, units with increasing EER and COP levels are evaluated, as well
as a ductless mini-split system.
Cooling /
Space Heating
Geothermal Heat
Pump For heat pumps, units with increasing EER and COP levels are evaluated.
Space Heating Electric Furnace
Resistive heating elements are used to convert electricity directly to heat. The
heat is then delivered by a supply fan and duct system to the regions that
require heating.
Space Heating Electric Resistance
Resistive heating elements are used to convert electricity directly to heat.
Conductive fins surrounding the element or another mechanism is used to
deliver the heat directly to the surrounding room or area. These are typically
either baseboard or wall-mounted units.
Ventilation Ventilation
A variable air volume ventilation system modulates the air flow rate as needed
based on the interior conditions of the building to reduce fan load, improve
dehumidification, and reduce energy usage.
Water
Heating Water Heater
Efficient electric water heaters are characterized by a high recovery or thermal
efficiency (percentage of delivered electric energy which is transferred to the
water) and low standby losses (the ratio of heat lost per hour to the content of
the stored water). Included in the savings associated with high-efficiency
electric water heaters are timers that allow temperature setpoints to change
with hot water demand patterns. For example, the heating element could be
shut off throughout the night, increasing the overall energy factor of the unit.
In addition, tank and pipe insulation reduces standby losses and therefore
reduces the demands on the water heater. This analysis considers conventional
electric water heaters and heat pump water heaters.
Interior
Lighting Screw-in This measure evaluates higher-efficiency alternatives for screw-in interior
lamps including halogen, CFL, and LED.
Interior
Lighting High-Bay Fixtures
With the exception of screw-in lighting, commercial and industrial lighting
efficiency changes typically require more than the simple purchase and
installation of an alternative lamp Restrictions regarding ballasts, fixtures, and
circuitry limit the potential for direct substitution of one lamp type for another.
Also, during the buildout for a leased office space, management could decide
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End Use Technology Measure Description
to replace all lamps, ballasts, and fixtures with different configurations. This
type of decision-making is modeled on a stock turnover basis because of the
time between opportunities for upgrades. For High-Bay fixtures, alternatives
include mercury vapor, metal halides, T5 fluorescent high output, and high-
pressure sodium.
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent
With the exception of screw-in lighting, commercial and industrial lighting
efficiency changes typically require more than the simple purchase and
installation of an alternative lamp. Restrictions regarding ballasts, fixtures, and
circuitry limit the potential for direct substitution of one lamp type for another.
Also, during the buildout for a leased office space, management could decide
to replace all lamps, ballasts, and fixtures with different configurations. This
type of decision-making is modeled on a stock turnover basis because of the
time between opportunities for upgrades. For linear fluorescent fixtures,
alternatives include T12, T8, Super T8, T5, and LED.
Exterior
Lighting Screw-in This measure evaluates higher-efficiency alternatives for screw-in interior
lamps including halogen, CFL, and LED.
Exterior
Lighting HID Alternatives modeled include metal halides, T8 and T5 high output, high
pressure sodium, and LEDs
Exterior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent For linear fluorescent fixtures, alternatives include T12, T8, Super T8, T5, and
LED.
Refrigeration Walk-in Refrigerator
These refrigerators can be designed to perform at higher efficiency through a
combination of compressor equipment upgrades, default temperature settings,
and defrost patterns. Standard refrigeration compressors typically operate at
approximately 65% efficiency. High-efficiency models are available that can
improve compressor efficiency by 15%. Analysis assumes unit with: 140 square
feet, Cooling capacity of 26,230 BTU/hr.
Refrigeration Reach-in
Refrigerator
A significant amount of energy in the commercial sector can be attributed to
"reach-in" units. These stand-alone appliances can range from a residential-
style refrigerator/freezer unit in an office kitchen or the breakroom of a retail
store, to the larger reach-in units in foodservice applications. As in the case of
residential units, these refrigerators can be designed to perform at higher
efficiency through a combination of compressor equipment upgrades, default
temperature settings, and defrost patterns. Analysis assumes unit with: 48
cubic feet, Cooling capacity of 3000 BTU/hr.
Refrigeration Glass Door Display,
Open Display Case
These refrigerators can be designed to perform at higher efficiency through a
combination of compressor equipment upgrades, default temperature settings,
and defrost patterns. Standard refrigeration compressors typically operate at
approximately 65% efficiency. High-efficiency models are available that can
improve compressor efficiency by 15%. Analysis assumes unit with: Cooling
capacity of 20,000 BTU/hr
Refrigeration Icemaker By optimizing the timing of ice production and the type of output to the
specific application, icemakers are assumed to deliver electricity savings.
Refrigeration Vending Machine High-efficiency vending machines incorporate more efficient compressors and
lighting.
Food
Preparation
Ovens,Fryers, Hot
Food Containers,
Dishwashers
This set of measures includes high-efficiency fryers, ovens, dishwashers, and
hot food containers. Less common equipment, such as broilers and steamers,
and assumed to be modeled with the other more common equipment types.
Office
Equipment
Desktop Computer,
Laptop, Monitors
ENERGY STAR labeled computers automatically power down to 15 watts or less
when not in use and may actually last longer than conventional products
because they spend a large portion of time in a low-power sleep mode.
ENERGY STAR labeled computers also generate less heat than conventional
models.
Office
Equipment Server
In addition to the "sleep" mode a reductions, servers have additional energy-
saving opportunities through "virtualization" and other architecture solutions
that involve optimal matching of computation tasks to hardware requirements
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C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
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End Use Technology Measure Description
Office
Equipment Printer/Copier/Fax
ENERGY STAR labeled office equipment saves energy by powering down and
"going to sleep" when not in use. ENERGY STAR labeled copiers are equipped
with a feature that allows them to automatically turn off after a period of
inactivity.
Office
Equipment POS Terminal
Point-of-sale terminals in retail and supermarket facilities are always on.
Efficient models incorporate a high-efficiency power supply to reduce energy
use.
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motors
Includes motors for a variety of non-HVAC uses including vertical
transportation. Premium efficiency motors can provide savings of 0.5% to 3%
over standard motors. The savings results from the fact that energy efficient
motors run cooler than their standard counterparts, resulting in an increase in
the life of the motor insulation and bearing. In general, an efficient motor is a
more reliable motor because there are fewer winding failures, longer periods
between needed maintenance, and fewer forced outages. For example, using
copper instead of aluminum in the windings, and increasing conductor cross-
sectional area, lowers a motor’s I2R losses.
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Improvement of miscellaneous electricity uses

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Table C-2 Commercial and Industrial Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Measure Descriptions
End Use Measure Description
HVAC (All) Insulation - Ceiling
Thermal insulation is material or combinations of materials that are used to
inhibit the flow of heat energy by conductive, convective, and radiative transfer
modes. Thus, thermal insulation can conserve energy by reducing the heat loss
or gain of a building. The type of building construction defines insulating
possibilities. Typical insulating materials include: loose-fill (blown) cellulose;
loose-fill (blown) fiberglass; and rigid polystyrene.
HVAC (All) Insulation - Ducting
Air distribution ducts can be insulated to reduce heating or cooling losses. Best
results can be achieved by covering the entire surface area with insulation.
Insulation material inhibits the transfer of heat through the air-supply duct.
Several types of ducts and duct insulation are available, including flexible duct,
pre-insulated duct, duct board, duct wrap, tacked, or glued rigid insulation, and
waterproof hard shell materials for exterior ducts.
HVAC (All) Insulation - Radiant
Barrier
Radiant barriers are materials installed to reduce the heat gain in buildings.
Radiant barriers are made from materials that are highly reflective and have
low emissivity like aluminum. The closer the emissivity is to 0 the better they
will perform. Radiant barriers can be placed above the insulation or on the
roof rafters.
HVAC (All) Insulation - Wall
Cavity
Thermal insulation is material or combinations of materials that are used to
inhibit the flow of heat energy by conductive, convective, and radiative transfer
modes. Thus, thermal insulation can conserve energy by reducing the heat loss
or gain of a building. The type of building construction defines insulating
possibilities. Typical insulating materials include: loose-fill (blown) cellulose;
loose-fill (blown) fiberglass; and rigid polystyrene.
HVAC (All) Ducting - Repair and
Sealing
Leakage in unsealed ducts varies considerably because of the differences in
fabricating machinery used, the methods for assembly, installation
workmanship, and age of the ductwork. Air leaks from the system to the
outdoors result in a direct loss proportional to the amount of leakage and the
difference in enthalpy between the outdoor air and the conditioned air. To
seal ducts, a wide variety of sealing methods and products exist. Each has a
relatively short shelf life, and no documented research has identified the aging
characteristics of sealant applications.
HVAC (All) Windows - High
Efficiency
High-efficiency windows, such as those labeled under the ENERGY STAR
Program, are designed to reduce a building's energy bill while increasing
comfort for the occupants at the same time. High-efficiency windows have
reducing properties that reduce the amount of heat transfer through the
glazing surface. For example, some windows have a low-E coating, which is a
thin film of metallic oxide coating on the glass surface that allows passage of
short-wave solar energy through glass and prevents long-wave energy from
escaping. Another example is double-pane glass that reduces conductive and
convective heat transfer. There are also double-pane glasses that are gas-filled
(usually argon) to further increase the insulating properties of the window.
HVAC (All) Roof - High
Reflectivity
The color and material of a building structure surface will determine the
amount of solar radiation absorbed by that surface and subsequently
transferred into a building. This is called solar absorptance. By using a living
roof or a roofing material with a light color (and a lower solar absorptance), the
roof will absorb less solar radiation and consequently reduce the cooling load.
Living roofs also reduce stormwater runoff.
HVAC (All) Roofs - Green
A green roof covers a section or the entire building roof with a waterproof
membrane and vegetative material. Like cool roofs, green roofs can reduce
solar absorptance and they can also provide insulation. They also provide non-
energy benefits by absorbing rainwater and thus reducing storm water run-off,
providing wildlife habitat, and reducing so-called urban heat island effects.
Cooling
Chiller - Condenser
Water Temperature
Reset
Resetting the condenser water temperature to the lowest possible setting
allows the cooling tower to generate cooler water whenever possible and
decreases the temperature lift between the condenser and the evaporator.
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This will generally increase chiller part-load efficiency, though it may require
increased tower fan energy use.
Cooling Chiller - Economizer
Economizers allow outside air (when it is cool and dry enough) to be brought
into the building space to meet cooling loads instead of using mechanically
cooled interior air. A dual enthalpy economizer consists of indoor and outdoor
temperature and humidity sensors, dampers, motors, and motor controls.
Economizers are most applicable to temperate climates and savings will be
smaller in extremely hot or humid areas.
Cooling Chiller - VSD on Fans Variable speed drives, which reduce chiller energy use under part load, are
modeled for both air-cooled and water-cooled chillers.
Cooling Chiller - Chilled
Water Reset
Chilled water reset controls save energy by improving chiller performance
through increasing the supply chilled water temperature, which allows
increased suction pressure during low load periods. Raising the chilled water
temperature also reduces chilled water piping losses. However, the primary
savings from the chilled water reset measure results from chiller efficiency
improvement. This is due partly to the smaller temperature difference
between chilled water and ambient air, and partly due to the sensitivity of
chiller performance to suction temperature.
Cooling
Chiller - Chilled
Water Variable-Flow
System
The part-load efficiency of chilled water loops can be improved substantially by
varying the flow speed of the delivered water with the building demand for
cooling.
Cooling
Chiller - High
Efficiency Cooling
Tower Fans
High-efficiency cooling fans utilize efficient components and variable frequency
drives that improve fan performance by adjusting fan speed and rotation as
conditions change.
Cooling RTU - Evaporative
Precooler
Evaporative precooling can improve the performance of air conditioning
systems, most commonly RTUs. These systems typically use indirect
evaporative cooling as a first stage to pre-cool outside air. If the evaporative
system cannot meet the full cooling load, the air steam is further cooled with
conventional refrigerative air conditioning technology.
Cooling RTU - Maintenance
Regular cleaning and maintenance enables a roof top unit to function
effectively and efficiently throughout its years of service. Neglecting necessary
maintenance leads to a steady decline in performance while energy use
increases. Maintenance can increase the efficiency of poorly performing
equipment by as much as 10%.
Cooling /
Space Heating
Heat Pump -
Maintenance
Regular cleaning and maintenance enables a heat pump to function effectively
and efficiently throughout its years of service. Neglecting necessary
maintenance leads to a steady decline in performance while energy use
increases. Maintenance can increase the efficiency of poorly performing
equipment by as much as 10%.
Ventilation
Ventilation -
Demand Control
Ventilation
Also known as CO2 Controlled, this measure uses carbon dioxide (CO2) levels
to indicate the level of occupancy in a space. Sensors monitor CO2 levels so
that air handling controls can adjust the amount of outside air intake.
Ventilation rates are thereby controlled based on occupancy, rather than a
fixed rate, thus saving HVAC energy use.
Ventilation Fans – Energy
Efficient Motors
High-efficiency motors are essentially interchangeable with standard motors,
but differences in construction make them more efficient. Energy-efficient
motors achieve their improved efficiency by reducing the losses that occur in
the conversion of electrical energy to mechanical energy. This analysis
assumes that the efficiency of supply fans is increased by 5% due to installing
energy-efficient motors.
Water
Heating
Water Heater -
Faucet Aerators/Low
Flow Nozzles
A faucet aerator or low flow nozzle spreads the stream from a faucet helping to
reduce water usage. The amount of water passing through the aerator is
measured in gallons per minute (GPM) and the lower the GPM the more water
the aerator conserves.
Water
Heating
Water Heater - High
Efficiency Circulation
A high efficiency circulation pump uses an electronically commutated motor
(ECM) to improve motor efficiency over a larger range of partial loads. In
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Pump addition, an ECM allows for improved low RPM performance with greater
torque and smaller pump dimensions.
Water
Heating
Water Heater - Pipe
Insulation
Insulating hot water pipes decreases the amount of energy lost during
distribution of hot water throughout the building. Insulating pipes will result in
quicker delivery of hot water and allows lowering the water heating set point.
There are several different types of insulation, the most common being
polyethylene and neoprene.
Water
Heating
Water Heater - Tank
Blanket/Insulation
Insulation levels on hot water heaters can be increased by installing a fiberglass
blanket on the outside of the tank. This increase in insulation reduces standby
losses and thus saves energy. Water heater insulation is available either by the
blanket or by square foot of fiberglass insulation with R-values ranging from 5
to 14.
Water
Heating Thermostat setback Installing a setback thermostat on the water heater can lead to significant
energy savings during periods when there is no one in the building.
Interior
Lighting
Interior Lighting –
Central Lighting
Controls
Daylighting controls use a photosensor to detect ambient light and adjust or
turn off electric lights accordingly.
Interior
Lighting
Photocell controlled
T8 dimming ballasts
Photocells, in concert with dimming ballasts, can detect when adequate
daylighting is available and dim or turn off lights to reduce electricity
consumption. Usually one photocell is used to control a group of fixtures, a
zone, or a circuit.
Interior
Lighting LED Exit Lighting
The lamps inside exit signs represent a significant energy end-use, since they
usually operate 24 hours per day. Many old exit signs use incandescent lamps,
which consume approximately 40 watts per sign. The incandescent lamps can
be replaced with LED lamps that are specially designed for this specific
purpose. In comparison, the LED lamps consume approximately 2-5 watts.
Interior
Lighting
Interior Lighting -
Occupancy Sensors
The installation of occupancy sensors allows lights to be turned off during
periods when a space is unoccupied, virtually eliminating the wasted energy
due to lights being left on. There are several types of occupancy sensors in the
market.
Interior
Lighting
Interior Lighting -
Timeclocks and
Timers
In many cases lighting remains on at night and during weekends. A simple
timer can set a schedule for turning lights off to reduce operating hours.
Interior
Lighting
Interior Screw-in -
Task Lighting
Individual work areas can use task lighting instead of brightly lighting the entire
area. Significant energy savings can be realized by focusing light directly where
it is needed and lowering the general lighting level. An example of task lighting
is the common desk lamp. A 25W desk lamp can be installed in place of a
typical lamp in a fixture.
Interior
Lighting
Interior Lighting –
Hotel Guestroom
Controls
Hotel guestrooms can be fitted with occupancy controls that turn off energy-
using equipment when the guest is not using the room. The occupancy
controls comes in several forms, but this analysis assumes the simplest kind,
which is a simple switch near the room’s entry where the guest can deposit
their room key or card. If the key or card is present, then lights, TV, and air
conditioning can receive power and operate. When the guest leaves and takes
the key, all equipment shuts off.
Interior
Lighting
Interior Lighting -
Skylights
Addition of transparent windows/fixtures in the roof to allow daylight to enter
and reduce the need for powered lighting. Applies to new construction only.
Interior
Lighting
Interior Fluorescent -
Bi-Level Fixture
Bi-level fixtures have the ability to reduce light output to a lower level, given a
control strategy that is based on a timer, occupancy sensor, motion sensor, or
manual switch.
Interior
Lighting
Interior Fluorescent
– High Bay Fixtures
Fluorescent fixtures designed for high-bay applications have several
advantages over similar HID fixtures: lower energy consumption, lower lumen
depreciation rates, better dimming options, faster start-up and restrike, better
color rendition, more pupil lumens, and reduced glare.
Exterior Exterior Lighting - Daylighting controls use a photosensor to detect ambient light and adjust or
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Lighting Daylighting Controls turn off electric lights accordingly.
Exterior
Lighting
Exterior Lighting -
Photovoltaic
Installation
Solar photovoltaic generation may be used to power exterior lighting and thus
eliminate all or part of the electrical energy use.
Exterior
Lighting
Exterior Lighting –
Cold Cathode
Lighting
Cold cathode lighting does not use an external heat source to provide
thermionic emission of electrons. Cold cathode lighting is typically used for
exterior signage or where temperatures are likely to drop below freezing.
Food
Preparation
Cooking Exhaust
hood with sensor
control
Improved exhaust hoods involve installing variable-speed controls on
commercial kitchen hoods. These controls provide ventilation based on actual
cooking loads. When grills, broilers, stoves, fryers or other kitchen appliances
are not being used, the controls automatically sense the reduced load and
decrease the fan speed accordingly. This results in lower energy consumption
because the system is only running as needed rather than at 100% capacity at
all times.
Refrigeration
Refrigerator - Anti-
Sweat Heater/ Auto
Door Closer
Anti-sweat heaters are used in virtually all low-temperature display cases and
many medium-temperature cases to control humidity and prevent the
condensation of water vapor on the sides and doors and on the products
contained in the cases. Typically, these heaters stay on all the time, even
though they only need to be on about half the time. Anti-sweat heater controls
can come in the form of humidity sensors or time clocks.
Refrigeration Refrigerator - Door
Gasket Replacement
This measure involves replacing aging door gaskets that no longer adequately
seal reach-in refrigerators or glass door display cases.
Refrigeration
Refrigerator -
Floating Head
Pressure
Floating head pressure control allows the pressure in the condenser to "float"
with ambient temperatures. This method reduces refrigeration compression
ratios, improves system efficiency and extends the compressor life. The
greatest savings with a floating head pressure approach occurs when the
ambient temperatures are low, such as in the winter season. Floating head
pressure control is most practical for new installations. However, retrofits
installation can be completed with some existing refrigeration systems.
Installing floating head pressure control increases the capacity of the
compressor when temperatures are low, which may lead to short cycling.
Refrigeration Refrigerator - Strip
Curtain
Strip curtains at the entrances to large walk-in coolers or freezers, such as
those used in supermarkets, reduce air transfer between the refrigerated space
and the surrounding space.
Refrigeration
(All)
Insulation - Bare
suction lines
Suction lines deliver refrigerant fluid from to the inlet or suction side of a
compressor. Insulating these lines prevents ambient air from heating the fluid
in the line, and thus improves efficiency.
Refrigeration
Refrigerator - High
Efficiency Case
Lighting
High-efficiency case lightin, usually with LEDs, reduces waste heat from lighting
that must be removed from refrigeratied display cases.
Refrigeration Refrigerator – Night
Covers
Night covers can be used on open refrigeration cases when a facility is closed
or few customers are in the store.
Refrigeration Vending Machine -
Controller
Cold beverage vending machines usually operate 24 hours a day regardless of
whether the surrounding area is occupied or not. The result is that the vending
machine consumes energy unnecessarily, because it will operate all night to
keep the beverage cold even when there would be no customer until the next
morning. A vending machine controller can reduce energy consumption
without compromising the temperature of the vended product. The controller
uses an infrared sensor to monitor the surrounding area’s occupancy and will
power down the vending machine when the area is unoccupied. It will also
monitor the room’s temperature and will re -power the machine at one to
three hour intervals independent of occupancy to ensure that the product
stays cold.
Office
Equipment
Office Equipment –
Smart Power Strips
These power strips encorporate motion sensing to power down office
equipment when not in use.
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Micellaneous
Laundry – High
Efficiency Clothes
Washer
High efficiency clothes washers use designs that require less water. These
machines use sensors to match the hot water needs to the load, preventing
energy waste. There are two designs: top-loading and front-loading. Further
energy and water savings can be achieved through advanced technologies such
as inverter-drive or combination washer-dryer units.
Micellaneous
Micellaneous –
ENERGY STAR
Washer Cooler
An ENERGY STAR water cooler has more insulation and improved chilling
mechanisms, resulting in about half the energy use of a standard cooler.
Micellaneous Pumps - Variable
Speed Control
The part-load efficiency of drive systems can be improved by varying the speed
of the motor drive. An additional benefit of variable-speed controls is the
ability to start and stop the motor and process gradually, thus extending the
life of the motor and associated machinery.
Machine
Drive
Motors – Variable
Frequency Drive
In addition to energy savings, VFDs increase motor and system life and provide
a greater degree of control over the motor system. Especially for motor
systems handling fluids, VFDs can efficiently respond to changing operating
conditions.
Machine
Drive
Motors – Magnetic
Adjustable Speed
Drives
To allow for adjustable speed operation, this technology uses magnetic
induction to couple a drive to its load. Varying the magnetic slip within the
coupling controls the speed of the output shaft. Magnetic drives perform best
at the upper end of the speed range due to the energy consumed by the slip.
Unlike traditional ASDs, magnetically coupled ASDs create no power distortion
on the electrical system. However, magnetically coupled ASD efficiency is best
when power needs are greatest. VFDs may show greater efficiency when the
average load speed is below 90% of the motor speed, however this occurs
when power demands are reduced.
Machine
Drive
Compressed Air –
System Controls,
Optimization and
Imrovements,
Maintenance
Controls for compressed air systems can shift load from two partially loaded
compressors to one compressor in order to maximize compression efficiency
and may also involve the addition of VFDs. Improvements include installing
high-efficiency motors. Maintenance includes fixing air leaks and replacing air
filters.
Machine
Drive
Fan Systems –
Controls,
Optimization and
Improvements,
Maintenance
Controls for compressed air systems can shift load from two partially loaded
compressors to one compressor in order to maximize compression efficiency
and may also involve the addition of VFDs. Improvements include installing
high-efficiency motors. Maintenance includes fixing air leaks and replacing air
filters.
Machine
Drive
Pumping Systems –
Controls,
Optimization and
Maintenance
Pumping systems optimization includes installing VFDs, correctly resizing the
motors, and installing timers and automated on-off controls. Maintenance
includes repairing diaphragms and fixing piping leaks.
Machine
Drive
Motors -
Synchronous Belts
Synchronous belts offer higher efficiency compared with standard belts due to
reduced slipping, as well as less maintenance and retensioning.
Process
Refrigeration –
System Controls,
Maintenance, and
Optimization
Because refrigeration equipment performance degrades over time and control
settings are frequently overridden, these measures account for savings that
can be achieved through system maintenance and controls optimization.
HVAC (All) Energy Management
System
An energy management system (EMS) allows managers/owners to monitor and
control the major energy-consuming systems within a commercial building. At
the minimum, the EMS can be used to monitor and record energy consumption
of the different end-uses in a building, and can control operation schedules of
the HVAC and lighting systems. The monitoring function helps building
managers/owners to identify systems that are operating inefficiently so that
actions can be taken to correct the problem. The EMS can also provide
preventive maintenance scheduling that will reduce the cost of operations and
maintenance in the long run. The control functionality of the EMS allows the
building manager/owner to operate building systems from one central
location. The operation schedules set via the EMS help to prevent building
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systems from operating during unwanted or unoccupied periods. This analysis
assumes that this measure is limited to buildings with a central HVAC system.
HVAC (All) Thermostat -
Clock/Programmable
A programmable thermostat can be added to most heating/cooling systems.
They are typically used during winter to lower temperatures at night and in
summer to increase temperatures during the afternoon. There are two-setting
models, and well as models that allow separate programming for each day of
the week. The energy savings from this type of thermostat are identical to
those of a "setback" strategy with standard thermostats, but the convenience
of a programmable thermostat makes it a much more attractive option. In this
analysis, the baseline is assumed to have no thermostat setback.
HVAC (All) Advanced New
Construction Designs
Advanced new construction designs use an integrated approach to the design
of new buildings to account for the interaction of building systems. Designs
may specify the building orientation, building shell, proper sizing of equipment
and systems, and controls strategies with the goal of optimizing building energy
efficiency and comfort. Options that may be evaluated and incorporated
include passive solar strategies, increased thermal mass, natural ventilation,
energy recovery ventilation, daylighting strategies, and shading strategies. This
measure is modeled for new vintage only.
HVAC,
Lighting
Commissioning -
HVAC, Lighting,
Comprehensive
For new construction and major renovations, commissioning ensures that
building systems are properly designed, specified, and installed to meet the
design intent and provide high-efficiency performance. As the names suggests,
HVAC Commissioning and Lighting Commissioning focus only on HVAC and
lighting equipment and controls. Comprehensive commissioning addresses
these systems but usually begins earlier in the design process, and may also
address domestic hot water, non-HVAC fans, vertical transport,
telecommunications, fire protection, and other building systems.
HVAC,
Lighting
Retrocommissioning
- HVAC, Lighting
In existing buildings, the retrocommissioning process identifies low-cost or no
cost measures, including controls adjustments, to improve building
performance and reduce operating costs. Retrocommissioning addresses
HVAC, lighting, DHW, and other major building systems.
All Transformer
All electric power passes through one or more transformers on its way to
service equipment, lighting, and other loads. Currently available materials and
designs can considerably reduce both load and no-load losses. The new NEMA
TP-1 standard is used as the reference definition for energy -efficient products.
Tier-1 represents TP-1 dry-type transformers while Tier-2 reflects a switch to
liquid immersed TP-1 products. More efficient transformers with attractive
payback periods are estimated to save 40 to 50 percent of the energy lost by a
"typical" transformer, which translates into a one to three percent reduction in
electric bills for commercial and industrial customers.
All Strategic Energy
Management
Strategic Energy Management is a systematic approach to integrating energy
management into an organization’s business practices and creating lasting
energy management processes that produce reliable energy savings.

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Table C-3 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Small/Medium Commercial,
Existing Vintage, Washington
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Cooling Central Chiller 1.5 kw/ton, COP 2.3 - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Cooling Central Chiller 1.3 kw/ton, COP 2.7 0.31 $0.39 20 1.10 $0.09
Cooling Central Chiller 1.26 kw/ton, COP 2.8 0.38 $0.50 20 0.96 $0.09
Cooling Central Chiller 1.0 kw/ton, COP 3.5 0.79 $0.62 20 0.99 $0.06
Cooling Central Chiller 0.97 kw/ton, COP 3.6 0.83 $0.74 20 0.95 $0.06
Cooling Central Chiller Variable Refrigerant
Flow 1.09 $11.57 20 0.18 $0.75
Cooling RTU EER 9.2 - $0.00 16 - $0.00
Cooling RTU EER 10.1 0.21 $0.18 16 - $0.07
Cooling RTU EER 11.2 0.42 $0.35 16 1.00 $0.07
Cooling RTU EER 12.0 0.55 $0.58 16 0.91 $0.09
Cooling RTU Ductless VRF 0.68 $5.12 16 0.28 $0.62
Cooling Heat Pump EER 9.3, COP 3.1 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Heat Pump EER 10.3, COP 3.2 0.42 $0.39 15 - $0.08
Cooling Heat Pump EER 11.0, COP 3.3 0.66 $1.18 15 1.00 $0.15
Cooling Heat Pump EER 11.7, COP 3.4 0.88 $1.57 15 0.97 $0.15
Cooling Heat Pump EER 12, COP 3.4 0.97 $1.96 15 0.93 $0.18
Cooling Heat Pump Ductless Mini-Split
System 1.07 $11.50 20 0.52 $0.76
Space Heating Electric Resistance Standard - $0.00 25 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Furnace Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Ventilation Ventilation Constant Volume - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Ventilation Ventilation Variable Air Volume 1.37 $1.22 15 0.92 $0.08
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in Incandescents - $0.00 1 - $0.00
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in Infrared Halogen 0.47 $0.09 1 1.00 $0.18
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in CFL 1.96 $0.03 4 5.64 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in LED 2.17 $1.18 12 - $0.06
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures Metal Halides - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures High Pressure Sodium 0.25 -$0.07 9 2.04 -$0.04
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures T8 0.25 -$0.15 6 4.03 -$0.11
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures T5 0.32 -$0.15 6 4.81 -$0.08
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T12 - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T8 0.34 -$0.03 6 1.11 -$0.02
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent Super T8 1.03 $0.25 6 0.94 $0.04
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T5 1.07 $0.43 6 0.81 $0.07
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent LED 1.12 $3.74 15 - $0.29
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 1 - $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Infrared Halogen 0.09 $0.05 1 1.00 $0.50
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in CFL 0.38 $0.02 4 6.92 $0.01
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Metal Halides 0.39 $0.05 4 3.30 $0.04
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in LED 0.43 $0.64 12 - $0.15
Exterior HID Metal Halides - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
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End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Lighting
Exterior
Lighting HID High Pressure Sodium 0.17 -$0.13 9 2.08 -$0.10
Exterior
Lighting HID Low Pressure Sodium 0.18 $0.55 9 0.57 $0.40
Water Heating Water Heater Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water Heating Water Heater High Efficiency (EF=0.95) 0.11 $0.02 15 1.02 $0.02
Water Heating Water Heater EF 2.0 1.07 -$0.48 15 2.84 -$0.04
Water Heating Water Heater EF 2.3 1.20 -$0.47 15 3.25 -$0.03
Water Heating Water Heater EF 2.4 1.24 -$0.47 15 3.38 -$0.03
Water Heating Water Heater Geothermal Heat Pump 1.42 $3.53 15 0.38 $0.21
Water Heating Water Heater Solar 1.56 $3.03 15 0.44 $0.17
Food
Preparation Fryer Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Fryer Efficient 0.03 $0.04 12 0.87 $0.12
Food
Preparation Oven Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Oven Efficient 0.39 $0.36 12 0.92 $0.10
Food
Preparation Dishwasher Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Dishwasher Efficient 0.02 $0.05 12 0.87 $0.28
Food
Preparation Hot Food Container Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Hot Food Container Efficient 0.32 $0.16 12 0.96 $0.05
Food
Preparation Food Prep Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Food Prep Efficient 0.00 $0.03 12 0.88 $1.40
Refrigeration Walk in
Refrigeration Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Walk in
Refrigeration Efficient - $0.09 18 0.90 $0.00
Refrigeration Glass Door Display Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Glass Door Display Efficient 0.16 $0.00 18 1.36 $0.00
Refrigeration Reach-in
Refrigerator Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Reach-in
Refrigerator Efficient 0.15 $0.02 18 1.15 $0.01
Refrigeration Open Display Case Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Open Display Case Efficient 0.00 $0.00 18 0.92 $0.33
Refrigeration Vending Machine Base - $0.00 10 - $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine Base (2012) 0.09 $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine High Efficiency 0.11 $0.00 10 - $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine High Efficiency (2012) 0.17 $0.00 10 1.18 $0.00
Refrigeration Icemaker Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Icemaker Efficient 0.05 $0.00 12 1.11 $0.01
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Baseline - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Energy Star 0.21 $0.00 4 1.01 $0.00
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Climate Savers 0.30 $0.36 4 0.85 $0.32
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Baseline - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Energy Star 0.02 $0.00 4 1.00 $0.01
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Climate Savers 0.04 $0.12 4 0.84 $0.87
Office Server Standard - $0.00 3 1.00 $0.00
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End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Equipment
Office
Equipment Server Energy Star 0.11 $0.01 3 0.99 $0.04
Office
Equipment Monitor Standard - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Monitor Energy Star 0.06 $0.00 4 1.03 $0.01
Office
Equipment Printer/copier/fax Standard - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Printer/copier/fax Energy Star 0.08 $0.04 6 0.95 $0.09
Office
Equipment POS Terminal Standard - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment POS Terminal Energy Star 0.02 $0.00 4 1.00 $0.03
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Standard - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Standard (2015) 0.01 $0.06 15 - $0.71
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor High Efficiency 0.01 $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor High Efficiency (2015) 0.06 $0.06 15 0.98 $0.08
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Premium - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Premium (2015) - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Other Miscellaneous Miscellaneous - $0.00 5 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Other Miscellaneous Miscellaneous (2013) 0.00 $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00

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C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-14 www.enernoc.com
Table C-4 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Small/Medium Commercial,
New Vintage, Washington
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Cooling Central Chiller 1.5 kw/ton, COP 2.3 - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Cooling Central Chiller 1.3 kw/ton, COP 2.7 0.28 $0.39 20 1.10 $0.10
Cooling Central Chiller 1.26 kw/ton, COP 2.8 0.34 $0.50 20 0.96 $0.11
Cooling Central Chiller 1.0 kw/ton, COP 3.5 0.70 $0.62 20 0.98 $0.06
Cooling Central Chiller 0.97 kw/ton, COP 3.6 0.74 $0.74 20 0.94 $0.07
Cooling Central Chiller Variable Refrigerant
Flow 0.97 $11.57 20 0.18 $0.84
Cooling RTU EER 9.2 - $0.00 16 - $0.00
Cooling RTU EER 10.1 0.20 $0.18 16 - $0.08
Cooling RTU EER 11.2 0.41 $0.35 16 1.00 $0.07
Cooling RTU EER 12.0 0.53 $0.58 16 0.91 $0.09
Cooling RTU Ductless VRF 0.65 $5.12 16 0.28 $0.65
Cooling Heat Pump EER 9.3, COP 3.1 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Heat Pump EER 10.3, COP 3.2 0.40 $0.39 15 - $0.08
Cooling Heat Pump EER 11.0, COP 3.3 0.63 $1.18 15 1.00 $0.16
Cooling Heat Pump EER 11.7, COP 3.4 0.84 $1.57 15 0.97 $0.16
Cooling Heat Pump EER 12, COP 3.4 0.93 $1.96 15 0.93 $0.18
Cooling Heat Pump Ductless Mini-Split
System 1.03 $11.50 20 0.52 $0.79
Space Heating Electric Resistance Standard - $0.00 25 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Furnace Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Ventilation Ventilation Constant Volume - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Ventilation Ventilation Variable Air Volume 1.89 $1.22 15 1.01 $0.06
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in Incandescents - $0.00 1 - $0.00
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in Infrared Halogen 0.65 $0.09 1 1.00 $0.13
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in CFL 2.67 $0.03 4 5.27 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in LED 2.96 $1.18 12 - $0.04
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures Metal Halides - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures High Pressure Sodium 0.24 -$0.07 9 2.06 -$0.04
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures T8 0.24 -$0.15 6 4.16 -$0.11
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures T5 0.30 -$0.15 6 4.95 -$0.09
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T12 - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T8 0.32 -$0.03 6 1.11 -$0.02
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent Super T8 0.96 $0.25 6 0.93 $0.05
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T5 1.00 $0.43 6 0.79 $0.08
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent LED 1.05 $3.74 15 - $0.31
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 1 - $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Infrared Halogen 0.08 $0.05 1 1.00 $0.60
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in CFL 0.32 $0.02 4 7.11 $0.02
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Metal Halides 0.32 $0.05 4 3.29 $0.04
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in LED 0.36 $0.64 12 - $0.18
Exterior HID Metal Halides - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
779
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-15
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Lighting
Exterior
Lighting HID High Pressure Sodium 0.17 -$0.13 9 2.08 -$0.10
Exterior
Lighting HID Low Pressure Sodium 0.18 $0.55 9 0.57 $0.40
Water
Heating Water Heater Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water
Heating Water Heater High Efficiency (EF=0.95) 0.11 $0.02 15 1.02 $0.02
Water
Heating Water Heater EF 2.0 1.05 -$0.48 15 2.86 -$0.04
Water
Heating Water Heater EF 2.3 1.18 -$0.47 15 3.27 -$0.03
Water
Heating Water Heater EF 2.4 1.22 -$0.47 15 3.40 -$0.03
Water
Heating Water Heater Geothermal Heat Pump 1.39 $3.53 15 0.38 $0.22
Water
Heating Water Heater Solar 1.53 $3.03 15 0.43 $0.17
Food
Preparation Fryer Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Fryer Efficient 0.03 $0.04 12 0.87 $0.12
Food
Preparation Oven Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Oven Efficient 0.39 $0.36 12 0.92 $0.10
Food
Preparation Dishwasher Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Dishwasher Efficient 0.02 $0.05 12 0.87 $0.28
Food
Preparation Hot Food Container Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Hot Food Container Efficient 0.32 $0.16 12 0.96 $0.05
Food
Preparation Food Prep Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Food Prep Efficient 0.00 $0.03 12 0.87 $1.73
Refrigeration Walk in Refrigeration Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Walk in Refrigeration Efficient - $0.09 18 0.90 $0.00
Refrigeration Glass Door Display Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Glass Door Display Efficient 0.16 $0.00 18 1.36 $0.00
Refrigeration Reach-in Refrigerator Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Reach-in Refrigerator Efficient 0.15 $0.02 18 1.15 $0.01
Refrigeration Open Display Case Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Open Display Case Efficient 0.00 $0.00 18 0.91 $0.35
Refrigeration Vending Machine Base - $0.00 10 - $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine Base (2012) 0.09 $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine High Efficiency 0.11 $0.00 10 - $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine High Efficiency (2012) 0.17 $0.00 10 1.18 $0.00
Refrigeration Icemaker Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Icemaker Efficient 0.05 $0.00 12 1.11 $0.01
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Baseline - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Energy Star 0.21 $0.00 4 1.01 $0.00
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Climate Savers 0.30 $0.36 4 0.85 $0.32
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Baseline - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Energy Star 0.02 $0.00 4 1.00 $0.01
780
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-16 www.enernoc.com
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Climate Savers 0.04 $0.12 4 0.84 $0.87
Office
Equipment Server Standard - $0.00 3 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Server Energy Star 0.11 $0.01 3 0.99 $0.04
Office
Equipment Monitor Standard - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Monitor Energy Star 0.06 $0.00 4 1.03 $0.01
Office
Equipment Printer/copier/fax Standard - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Printer/copier/fax Energy Star 0.08 $0.04 6 0.95 $0.09
Office
Equipment POS Terminal Standard - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment POS Terminal Energy Star 0.02 $0.00 4 1.00 $0.03
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Standard - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Standard (2015) 0.01 $0.06 15 - $0.71
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor High Efficiency 0.01 $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor High Efficiency (2015) 0.06 $0.06 15 0.98 $0.08
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Premium - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Premium (2015) - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Other Miscellaneous Miscellaneous - $0.00 5 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Other Miscellaneous Miscellaneous (2013) 0.00 $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00

781
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-17
Table C-5 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Small/Medium Commercial, Existing
Vintage, Idaho
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Cooling Central Chiller 1.5 kw/ton, COP 2.3 - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Cooling Central Chiller 1.3 kw/ton, COP 2.7 0.31 $0.39 20 1.10 $0.09
Cooling Central Chiller 1.26 kw/ton, COP 2.8 0.38 $0.50 20 0.96 $0.09
Cooling Central Chiller 1.0 kw/ton, COP 3.5 0.79 $0.62 20 0.99 $0.06
Cooling Central Chiller 0.97 kw/ton, COP 3.6 0.83 $0.74 20 0.95 $0.06
Cooling Central Chiller Variable Refrigerant
Flow 1.09 $11.57 20 0.18 $0.75
Cooling RTU EER 9.2 - $0.00 16 - $0.00
Cooling RTU EER 10.1 0.21 $0.18 16 - $0.07
Cooling RTU EER 11.2 0.42 $0.35 16 1.00 $0.07
Cooling RTU EER 12.0 0.55 $0.58 16 0.91 $0.09
Cooling RTU Ductless VRF 0.68 $5.12 16 0.28 $0.62
Cooling Heat Pump EER 9.3, COP 3.1 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Heat Pump EER 10.3, COP 3.2 0.42 $0.39 15 - $0.08
Cooling Heat Pump EER 11.0, COP 3.3 0.66 $1.18 15 1.00 $0.15
Cooling Heat Pump EER 11.7, COP 3.4 0.88 $1.57 15 0.97 $0.15
Cooling Heat Pump EER 12, COP 3.4 0.97 $1.96 15 0.93 $0.18
Cooling Heat Pump Ductless Mini-Split
System 1.07 $11.50 20 0.51 $0.76
Space Heating Electric Resistance Standard - $0.00 25 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Furnace Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Ventilation Ventilation Constant Volume - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Ventilation Ventilation Variable Air Volume 1.37 $1.22 15 0.93 $0.08
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in Incandescents - $0.00 1 - $0.00
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in Infrared Halogen 0.47 $0.09 1 1.00 $0.18
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in CFL 1.96 $0.03 4 5.64 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in LED 2.17 $1.18 12 - $0.06
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures Metal Halides - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures High Pressure Sodium 0.25 -$0.07 9 2.01 -$0.04
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures T8 0.25 -$0.15 6 3.95 -$0.11
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures T5 0.32 -$0.15 6 4.72 -$0.08
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T12 - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T8 0.34 -$0.03 6 1.11 -$0.02
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent Super T8 1.03 $0.25 6 0.95 $0.04
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T5 1.07 $0.43 6 0.82 $0.07
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent LED 1.12 $3.74 15 - $0.29
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 1 - $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Infrared Halogen 0.13 $0.05 1 1.00 $0.37
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in CFL 0.52 $0.02 4 6.55 $0.01
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Metal Halides 0.52 $0.05 4 3.32 $0.03
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in LED 0.58 $0.64 12 - $0.11
Exterior HID Metal Halides - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
782
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-18 www.enernoc.com
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Lighting
Exterior
Lighting HID High Pressure Sodium 0.15 -$0.13 9 2.09 -$0.11
Exterior
Lighting HID Low Pressure Sodium 0.16 $0.55 9 0.57 $0.43
Water
Heating Water Heater Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water
Heating Water Heater High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 0.11 $0.02 15 1.03 $0.02
Water
Heating Water Heater EF 2.0 1.07 -$0.48 15 2.79 -$0.04
Water
Heating Water Heater EF 2.3 1.20 -$0.47 15 3.19 -$0.03
Water
Heating Water Heater EF 2.4 1.24 -$0.47 15 3.32 -$0.03
Water
Heating Water Heater Geothermal Heat Pump 1.42 $3.53 15 0.40 $0.21
Water
Heating Water Heater Solar 1.56 $3.03 15 0.46 $0.17
Food
Preparation Fryer Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Fryer Efficient 0.03 $0.04 12 0.88 $0.12
Food
Preparation Oven Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Oven Efficient 0.39 $0.36 12 0.93 $0.10
Food
Preparation Dishwasher Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Dishwasher Efficient 0.02 $0.05 12 0.87 $0.28
Food
Preparation Hot Food Container Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Hot Food Container Efficient 0.32 $0.16 12 0.98 $0.05
Food
Preparation Food Prep Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Food Prep Efficient 0.00 $0.03 12 0.87 $1.73
Refrigeration Walk in Refrigeration Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Walk in Refrigeration Efficient - $0.09 18 0.90 $0.00
Refrigeration Glass Door Display Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Glass Door Display Efficient 0.16 $0.00 18 1.37 $0.00
Refrigeration Reach-in Refrigerator Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Reach-in Refrigerator Efficient 0.15 $0.02 18 1.16 $0.01
Refrigeration Open Display Case Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Open Display Case Efficient 0.00 $0.00 18 0.92 $0.33
Refrigeration Vending Machine Base - $0.00 10 - $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine Base (2012) 0.09 $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine High Efficiency 0.11 $0.00 10 - $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine High Efficiency (2012) 0.17 $0.00 10 1.19 $0.00
Refrigeration Icemaker Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Icemaker Efficient 0.05 $0.00 12 1.11 $0.01
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Baseline - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Energy Star 0.21 $0.00 4 1.01 $0.00
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Climate Savers 0.30 $0.36 4 0.85 $0.32
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Baseline - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Energy Star 0.02 $0.00 4 1.00 $0.01
783
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-19
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Climate Savers 0.04 $0.12 4 0.84 $0.87
Office
Equipment Server Standard - $0.00 3 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Server Energy Star 0.11 $0.01 3 0.99 $0.04
Office
Equipment Monitor Standard - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Monitor Energy Star 0.06 $0.00 4 1.03 $0.01
Office
Equipment Printer/copier/fax Standard - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Printer/copier/fax Energy Star 0.08 $0.04 6 0.95 $0.09
Office
Equipment POS Terminal Standard - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment POS Terminal Energy Star 0.02 $0.00 4 1.00 $0.03
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Standard - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Standard (2015) 0.01 $0.06 15 - $0.71
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor High Efficiency 0.01 $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor High Efficiency (2015) 0.06 $0.06 15 0.98 $0.08
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Premium - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Premium (2015) - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Other Miscellaneous Miscellaneous - $0.00 5 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Other Miscellaneous Miscellaneous (2013) 0.00 $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00

784
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-20 www.enernoc.com
Table C-6 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric— Small/Medium Commercial,
New Vintage, Idaho
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Cooling Central Chiller 1.5 kw/ton, COP 2.3 - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Cooling Central Chiller 1.3 kw/ton, COP 2.7 0.28 $0.39 20 1.10 $0.10
Cooling Central Chiller 1.26 kw/ton, COP 2.8 0.34 $0.50 20 0.96 $0.11
Cooling Central Chiller 1.0 kw/ton, COP 3.5 0.70 $0.62 20 0.98 $0.06
Cooling Central Chiller 0.97 kw/ton, COP 3.6 0.74 $0.74 20 0.94 $0.07
Cooling Central Chiller Variable Refrigerant
Flow 0.97 $11.57 20 0.18 $0.84
Cooling RTU EER 9.2 - $0.00 16 - $0.00
Cooling RTU EER 10.1 0.20 $0.18 16 - $0.08
Cooling RTU EER 11.2 0.41 $0.35 16 1.00 $0.07
Cooling RTU EER 12.0 0.53 $0.58 16 0.91 $0.09
Cooling RTU Ductless VRF 0.65 $5.12 16 0.28 $0.65
Cooling Heat Pump EER 9.3, COP 3.1 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Heat Pump EER 10.3, COP 3.2 0.40 $0.39 15 - $0.08
Cooling Heat Pump EER 11.0, COP 3.3 0.63 $1.18 15 1.00 $0.16
Cooling Heat Pump EER 11.7, COP 3.4 0.84 $1.57 15 0.97 $0.16
Cooling Heat Pump EER 12, COP 3.4 0.93 $1.96 15 0.93 $0.18
Cooling Heat Pump Ductless Mini-Split
System 1.03 $11.50 20 0.51 $0.79
Space Heating Electric Resistance Standard - $0.00 25 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Furnace Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Ventilation Ventilation Constant Volume - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Ventilation Ventilation Variable Air Volume 1.89 $1.22 15 1.02 $0.06
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in Incandescents - $0.00 1 - $0.00
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in Infrared Halogen 0.65 $0.09 1 1.00 $0.13
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in CFL 2.67 $0.03 4 5.28 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in LED 2.96 $1.18 12 - $0.04
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures Metal Halides - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures High Pressure Sodium 0.24 -$0.07 9 2.03 -$0.04
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures T8 0.24 -$0.15 6 4.08 -$0.11
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures T5 0.30 -$0.15 6 4.86 -$0.09
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T12 - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T8 0.32 -$0.03 6 1.11 -$0.02
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent Super T8 0.96 $0.25 6 0.94 $0.05
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T5 1.00 $0.43 6 0.80 $0.08
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent LED 1.05 $3.74 15 - $0.31
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 1 - $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Infrared Halogen 0.11 $0.05 1 1.00 $0.44
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in CFL 0.44 $0.02 4 6.76 $0.01
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Metal Halides 0.44 $0.05 4 3.31 $0.03
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in LED 0.48 $0.64 12 - $0.14
Exterior HID Metal Halides - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
785
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-21
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Lighting
Exterior
Lighting HID High Pressure Sodium 0.15 -$0.13 9 2.09 -$0.11
Exterior
Lighting HID Low Pressure Sodium 0.16 $0.55 9 0.57 $0.43
Water
Heating Water Heater Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water
Heating Water Heater High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 0.11 $0.02 15 1.03 $0.02
Water
Heating Water Heater EF 2.0 1.05 -$0.48 15 2.80 -$0.04
Water
Heating Water Heater EF 2.3 1.18 -$0.47 15 3.20 -$0.03
Water
Heating Water Heater EF 2.4 1.22 -$0.47 15 3.33 -$0.03
Water
Heating Water Heater Geothermal Heat Pump 1.39 $3.53 15 0.39 $0.22
Water
Heating Water Heater Solar 1.53 $3.03 15 0.45 $0.17
Food
Preparation Fryer Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Fryer Efficient 0.03 $0.04 12 0.88 $0.12
Food
Preparation Oven Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Oven Efficient 0.39 $0.36 12 0.93 $0.10
Food
Preparation Dishwasher Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Dishwasher Efficient 0.02 $0.05 12 0.87 $0.28
Food
Preparation Hot Food Container Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Hot Food Container Efficient 0.32 $0.16 12 0.98 $0.05
Food
Preparation Food Prep Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Food Prep Efficient 0.00 $0.03 12 0.87 $1.73
Refrigeration Walk in Refrigeration Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Walk in Refrigeration Efficient - $0.09 18 0.90 $0.00
Refrigeration Glass Door Display Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Glass Door Display Efficient 0.16 $0.00 18 1.37 $0.00
Refrigeration Reach-in Refrigerator Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Reach-in Refrigerator Efficient 0.15 $0.02 18 1.16 $0.01
Refrigeration Open Display Case Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Open Display Case Efficient 0.00 $0.00 18 0.92 $0.35
Refrigeration Vending Machine Base - $0.00 10 - $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine Base (2012) 0.09 $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine High Efficiency 0.11 $0.00 10 - $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine High Efficiency (2012) 0.17 $0.00 10 1.19 $0.00
Refrigeration Icemaker Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Icemaker Efficient 0.05 $0.00 12 1.11 $0.01
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Baseline - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Energy Star 0.21 $0.00 4 1.01 $0.00
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Climate Savers 0.30 $0.36 4 0.85 $0.32
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Baseline - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Energy Star 0.02 $0.00 4 1.00 $0.01
786
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-22 www.enernoc.com
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Climate Savers 0.04 $0.12 4 0.84 $0.87
Office
Equipment Server Standard - $0.00 3 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Server Energy Star 0.11 $0.01 3 0.99 $0.04
Office
Equipment Monitor Standard - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Monitor Energy Star 0.06 $0.00 4 1.03 $0.01
Office
Equipment Printer/copier/fax Standard - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Printer/copier/fax Energy Star 0.08 $0.04 6 0.95 $0.09
Office
Equipment POS Terminal Standard - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment POS Terminal Energy Star 0.02 $0.00 4 1.00 $0.03
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Standard - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Standard (2015) 0.01 $0.06 15 - $0.71
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor High Efficiency 0.01 $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor High Efficiency (2015) 0.06 $0.06 15 0.98 $0.08
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Premium - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Premium (2015) - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Other Miscellaneous Miscellaneous - $0.00 5 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Other Miscellaneous Miscellaneous (2013) 0.00 $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00

787
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-23
Table C-7 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Large Commercial, Existing
Vintage, Washington
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Cooling Central Chiller 1.5 kw/ton, COP 2.3 - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Cooling Central Chiller 1.3 kw/ton, COP 2.7 0.29 $0.26 20 1.10 $0.06
Cooling Central Chiller 1.26 kw/ton, COP 2.8 0.34 $0.33 20 0.97 $0.07
Cooling Central Chiller 1.0 kw/ton, COP 3.5 0.71 $0.41 20 1.02 $0.04
Cooling Central Chiller 0.97 kw/ton, COP 3.6 0.76 $0.49 20 0.99 $0.05
Cooling Central Chiller Variable Refrigerant
Flow 0.99 $7.63 20 0.21 $0.54
Cooling RTU EER 9.2 - $0.00 16 - $0.00
Cooling RTU EER 10.1 0.22 $0.13 16 - $0.05
Cooling RTU EER 11.2 0.44 $0.25 16 1.00 $0.05
Cooling RTU EER 12.0 0.57 $0.41 16 0.93 $0.06
Cooling RTU Ductless VRF 0.70 $3.67 16 0.32 $0.43
Cooling Heat Pump EER 9.3, COP 3.1 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Heat Pump EER 10.3, COP 3.2 0.29 $0.18 15 - $0.06
Cooling Heat Pump EER 11.0, COP 3.3 0.45 $0.55 15 1.00 $0.10
Cooling Heat Pump EER 11.7, COP 3.4 0.61 $0.73 15 0.98 $0.10
Cooling Heat Pump EER 12, COP 3.4 0.66 $0.91 15 0.95 $0.12
Cooling Heat Pump Ductless Mini-Split
System 0.74 $5.35 20 0.56 $0.51
Space Heating Electric Resistance Standard - $0.00 25 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Furnace Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Ventilation Ventilation Constant Volume - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Ventilation Ventilation Variable Air Volume 1.39 $1.22 15 0.91 $0.08
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in Incandescents - $0.00 1 - $0.00
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in Infrared Halogen 0.49 $0.08 1 1.00 $0.16
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in CFL 2.03 $0.03 4 5.52 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in LED 2.24 $1.11 12 - $0.05
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures Metal Halides - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures High Pressure Sodium 0.24 -$0.08 9 2.10 -$0.04
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures T8 0.24 -$0.16 6 4.40 -$0.12
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures T5 0.31 -$0.16 6 5.23 -$0.10
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T12 - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T8 0.34 -$0.03 6 1.11 -$0.02
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent Super T8 1.03 $0.25 6 0.94 $0.04
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T5 1.07 $0.42 6 0.81 $0.07
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent LED 1.12 $3.67 15 - $0.28
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 1 - $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Infrared Halogen 0.05 $0.01 1 1.00 $0.26
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in CFL 0.22 $0.01 4 6.10 $0.01
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Metal Halides 0.22 $0.02 4 3.35 $0.02
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in LED 0.24 $0.19 12 - $0.08
Exterior HID Metal Halides - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
788
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-24 www.enernoc.com
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Lighting
Exterior
Lighting HID High Pressure Sodium 0.15 -$0.11 9 2.03 -$0.09
Exterior
Lighting HID Low Pressure Sodium 0.16 $0.45 9 0.58 $0.36
Water
Heating Water Heater Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water
Heating Water Heater High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 0.13 $0.02 15 1.03 $0.01
Water
Heating Water Heater EF 2.0 1.26 -$0.48 15 2.78 -$0.03
Water
Heating Water Heater EF 2.3 1.42 -$0.47 15 3.18 -$0.03
Water
Heating Water Heater EF 2.4 1.46 -$0.47 15 3.30 -$0.03
Water
Heating Water Heater Geothermal Heat Pump 1.67 $3.53 15 0.40 $0.18
Water
Heating Water Heater Solar 1.84 $3.03 15 0.46 $0.14
Food
Preparation Fryer Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Fryer Efficient 0.07 $0.02 12 1.07 $0.03
Food
Preparation Oven Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Oven Efficient 0.74 $0.46 12 0.95 $0.06
Food
Preparation Dishwasher Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Dishwasher Efficient 0.06 $0.10 12 0.89 $0.16
Food
Preparation Hot Food Container Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Hot Food Container Efficient 0.21 $0.30 12 0.70 $0.15
Food
Preparation Food Prep Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Food Prep Efficient 0.01 $0.03 12 0.88 $0.46
Refrigeration Walk in Refrigeration Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Walk in Refrigeration Efficient 0.11 $1.26 18 0.88 $0.87
Refrigeration Glass Door Display Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Glass Door Display Efficient 0.13 $0.01 18 1.25 $0.00
Refrigeration Reach-in Refrigerator Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Reach-in Refrigerator Efficient 0.16 $0.08 18 1.01 $0.04
Refrigeration Open Display Case Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Open Display Case Efficient 0.00 $0.04 18 0.88 $0.55
Refrigeration Vending Machine Base - $0.00 10 - $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine Base (2012) 0.11 $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine High Efficiency 0.13 $0.00 10 - $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine High Efficiency (2012) 0.20 $0.00 10 1.09 $0.00
Refrigeration Icemaker Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Icemaker Efficient 0.10 $0.02 12 1.06 $0.02
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Baseline - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Energy Star 0.39 $0.00 4 1.02 $0.00
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Climate Savers 0.55 $0.32 4 0.87 $0.15
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Baseline - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Energy Star 0.02 $0.00 4 1.01 $0.00
789
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-25
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Climate Savers 0.04 $0.06 4 0.85 $0.42
Office
Equipment Server Standard - $0.00 3 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Server Energy Star 0.13 $0.01 3 1.02 $0.02
Office
Equipment Monitor Standard - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Monitor Energy Star 0.05 $0.01 4 1.00 $0.03
Office
Equipment Printer/copier/fax Standard - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Printer/copier/fax Energy Star 0.07 $0.02 6 0.98 $0.04
Office
Equipment POS Terminal Standard - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment POS Terminal Energy Star 0.01 $0.00 4 1.00 $0.03
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Standard - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Standard (2015) 0.01 $0.06 15 - $0.63
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor High Efficiency 0.01 $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor High Efficiency (2015) 0.07 $0.06 15 0.98 $0.07
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Premium - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Premium (2015) - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Other Miscellaneous Miscellaneous - $0.00 5 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Other Miscellaneous Miscellaneous (2013) 0.00 $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00

790
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-26 www.enernoc.com
Table C-8 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric— Large Commercial, New
Vintage, Washington
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Cooling Central Chiller 1.5 kw/ton, COP 2.3 - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Cooling Central Chiller 1.3 kw/ton, COP 2.7 0.26 $0.24 20 1.10 $0.07
Cooling Central Chiller 1.26 kw/ton, COP 2.8 0.31 $0.31 20 0.97 $0.07
Cooling Central Chiller 1.0 kw/ton, COP 3.5 0.64 $0.38 20 1.02 $0.04
Cooling Central Chiller 0.97 kw/ton, COP 3.6 0.68 $0.45 20 0.99 $0.05
Cooling Central Chiller Variable Refrigerant
Flow 0.89 $7.06 20 0.21 $0.56
Cooling RTU EER 9.2 - $0.00 16 - $0.00
Cooling RTU EER 10.1 0.21 $0.13 16 - $0.05
Cooling RTU EER 11.2 0.41 $0.25 16 1.00 $0.05
Cooling RTU EER 12.0 0.54 $0.41 16 0.93 $0.06
Cooling RTU Ductless VRF 0.66 $3.67 16 0.32 $0.46
Cooling Heat Pump EER 9.3, COP 3.1 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Heat Pump EER 10.3, COP 3.2 0.31 $0.18 15 - $0.05
Cooling Heat Pump EER 11.0, COP 3.3 0.50 $0.55 15 1.00 $0.10
Cooling Heat Pump EER 11.7, COP 3.4 0.66 $0.73 15 0.98 $0.10
Cooling Heat Pump EER 12, COP 3.4 0.73 $0.91 15 0.96 $0.11
Cooling Heat Pump Ductless Mini-Split
System 0.81 $5.35 20 0.57 $0.47
Space Heating Electric Resistance Standard - $0.00 25 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Furnace Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Ventilation Ventilation Constant Volume - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Ventilation Ventilation Variable Air Volume 1.79 $1.22 15 0.99 $0.06
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in Incandescents - $0.00 1 - $0.00
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in Infrared Halogen 0.61 $0.08 1 1.00 $0.13
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in CFL 2.52 $0.03 4 5.27 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in LED 2.78 $1.11 12 - $0.04
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures Metal Halides - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures High Pressure Sodium 0.25 -$0.08 9 2.09 -$0.04
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures T8 0.25 -$0.16 6 4.36 -$0.12
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures T5 0.31 -$0.16 6 5.19 -$0.09
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T12 - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T8 0.31 -$0.03 6 1.11 -$0.02
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent Super T8 0.93 $0.25 6 0.92 $0.05
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T5 0.97 $0.42 6 0.78 $0.08
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent LED 1.02 $3.67 15 - $0.31
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 1 - $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Infrared Halogen 0.05 $0.01 1 1.00 $0.26
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in CFL 0.22 $0.01 4 6.10 $0.01
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Metal Halides 0.22 $0.02 4 3.35 $0.02
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in LED 0.24 $0.19 12 - $0.08
Exterior HID Metal Halides - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
791
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-27
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Lighting
Exterior
Lighting HID High Pressure Sodium 0.15 -$0.11 9 2.03 -$0.09
Exterior
Lighting HID Low Pressure Sodium 0.16 $0.45 9 0.58 $0.36
Water
Heating Water Heater Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water
Heating Water Heater High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 0.12 $0.02 15 1.03 $0.02
Water
Heating Water Heater EF 2.0 1.21 -$0.48 15 2.81 -$0.03
Water
Heating Water Heater EF 2.3 1.35 -$0.47 15 3.21 -$0.03
Water
Heating Water Heater EF 2.4 1.39 -$0.47 15 3.34 -$0.03
Water
Heating Water Heater Geothermal Heat Pump 1.60 $3.53 15 0.39 $0.19
Water
Heating Water Heater Solar 1.76 $3.03 15 0.45 $0.15
Food
Preparation Fryer Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Fryer Efficient 0.07 $0.02 12 1.07 $0.03
Food
Preparation Oven Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Oven Efficient 0.74 $0.46 12 0.95 $0.06
Food
Preparation Dishwasher Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Dishwasher Efficient 0.06 $0.10 12 0.89 $0.16
Food
Preparation Hot Food Container Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Hot Food Container Efficient 0.21 $0.30 12 0.70 $0.15
Food
Preparation Food Prep Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Food Prep Efficient 0.01 $0.03 12 0.88 $0.46
Refrigeration Walk in Refrigeration Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Walk in Refrigeration Efficient 0.11 $1.26 18 0.88 $0.88
Refrigeration Glass Door Display Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Glass Door Display Efficient 0.13 $0.01 18 1.25 $0.00
Refrigeration Reach-in Refrigerator Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Reach-in Refrigerator Efficient 0.23 $0.08 18 1.05 $0.03
Refrigeration Open Display Case Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Open Display Case Efficient 0.00 $0.04 18 0.88 $0.55
Refrigeration Vending Machine Base - $0.00 10 - $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine Base (2012) 0.11 $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine High Efficiency 0.13 $0.00 10 - $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine High Efficiency (2012) 0.20 $0.00 10 1.09 $0.00
Refrigeration Icemaker Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Icemaker Efficient 0.09 $0.02 12 1.06 $0.02
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Baseline - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Energy Star 0.39 $0.00 4 1.02 $0.00
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Climate Savers 0.55 $0.32 4 0.87 $0.15
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Baseline - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Energy Star 0.02 $0.00 4 1.01 $0.00
792
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-28 www.enernoc.com
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Climate Savers 0.04 $0.06 4 0.85 $0.42
Office
Equipment Server Standard - $0.00 3 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Server Energy Star 0.13 $0.01 3 1.02 $0.02
Office
Equipment Monitor Standard - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Monitor Energy Star 0.05 $0.01 4 1.00 $0.03
Office
Equipment Printer/copier/fax Standard - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Printer/copier/fax Energy Star 0.07 $0.02 6 0.98 $0.04
Office
Equipment POS Terminal Standard - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment POS Terminal Energy Star 0.01 $0.00 4 1.00 $0.03
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Standard - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Standard (2015) 0.01 $0.06 15 - $0.63
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor High Efficiency 0.01 $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor High Efficiency (2015) 0.07 $0.06 15 0.98 $0.07
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Premium - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Premium (2015) - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Other Miscellaneous Miscellaneous - $0.00 5 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Other Miscellaneous Miscellaneous (2013) 0.00 $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00

793
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-29
Table C-9 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Large Commercial, Existing
Vintage, Idaho
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Cooling Central Chiller 1.5 kw/ton, COP 2.3 - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Cooling Central Chiller 1.3 kw/ton, COP 2.7 0.29 $0.26 20 1.10 $0.06
Cooling Central Chiller 1.26 kw/ton, COP 2.8 0.34 $0.33 20 0.97 $0.07
Cooling Central Chiller 1.0 kw/ton, COP 3.5 0.71 $0.41 20 1.02 $0.04
Cooling Central Chiller 0.97 kw/ton, COP 3.6 0.76 $0.49 20 0.99 $0.05
Cooling Central Chiller Variable Refrigerant
Flow 0.99 $7.63 20 0.21 $0.54
Cooling RTU EER 9.2 - $0.00 16 - $0.00
Cooling RTU EER 10.1 0.22 $0.13 16 - $0.05
Cooling RTU EER 11.2 0.44 $0.25 16 1.00 $0.05
Cooling RTU EER 12.0 0.57 $0.41 16 0.93 $0.06
Cooling RTU Ductless VRF 0.70 $3.67 16 0.32 $0.43
Cooling Heat Pump EER 9.3, COP 3.1 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Heat Pump EER 10.3, COP 3.2 0.29 $0.18 15 - $0.06
Cooling Heat Pump EER 11.0, COP 3.3 0.45 $0.55 15 1.00 $0.10
Cooling Heat Pump EER 11.7, COP 3.4 0.61 $0.73 15 0.98 $0.10
Cooling Heat Pump EER 12, COP 3.4 0.66 $0.91 15 0.95 $0.12
Cooling Heat Pump Ductless Mini-Split
System 0.74 $5.35 20 0.56 $0.51
Space Heating Electric Resistance Standard - $0.00 25 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Furnace Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Ventilation Ventilation Constant Volume - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Ventilation Ventilation Variable Air Volume 1.39 $1.22 15 0.92 $0.08
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in Incandescents - $0.00 1 - $0.00
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in Infrared Halogen 0.49 $0.08 1 1.00 $0.16
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in CFL 2.03 $0.03 4 5.53 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in LED 2.24 $1.11 12 - $0.05
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures Metal Halides - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures High Pressure Sodium 0.24 -$0.08 9 2.09 -$0.04
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures T8 0.24 -$0.16 6 4.37 -$0.12
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures T5 0.31 -$0.16 6 5.20 -$0.10
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T12 - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T8 0.34 -$0.03 6 1.11 -$0.02
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent Super T8 1.03 $0.25 6 0.95 $0.04
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T5 1.07 $0.42 6 0.81 $0.07
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent LED 1.12 $3.67 15 - $0.28
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 1 - $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Infrared Halogen 0.05 $0.01 1 1.00 $0.26
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in CFL 0.22 $0.01 4 6.10 $0.01
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Metal Halides 0.22 $0.02 4 3.35 $0.02
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in LED 0.24 $0.19 12 - $0.08
Exterior HID Metal Halides - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
794
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-30 www.enernoc.com
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Lighting
Exterior
Lighting HID High Pressure Sodium 0.15 -$0.11 9 2.02 -$0.09
Exterior
Lighting HID Low Pressure Sodium 0.16 $0.45 9 0.58 $0.36
Water
Heating Water Heater Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water
Heating Water Heater High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 0.13 $0.02 15 1.03 $0.01
Water
Heating Water Heater EF 2.0 1.26 -$0.48 15 2.76 -$0.03
Water
Heating Water Heater EF 2.3 1.42 -$0.47 15 3.16 -$0.03
Water
Heating Water Heater EF 2.4 1.46 -$0.47 15 3.29 -$0.03
Water
Heating Water Heater Geothermal Heat Pump 1.67 $3.53 15 0.41 $0.18
Water
Heating Water Heater Solar 1.84 $3.03 15 0.47 $0.14
Food
Preparation Fryer Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Fryer Efficient 0.07 $0.02 12 1.07 $0.03
Food
Preparation Oven Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Oven Efficient 0.74 $0.46 12 0.96 $0.06
Food
Preparation Dishwasher Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Dishwasher Efficient 0.06 $0.10 12 0.89 $0.16
Food
Preparation Hot Food Container Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Hot Food Container Efficient 0.21 $0.30 12 0.70 $0.15
Food
Preparation Food Prep Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Food Prep Efficient 0.01 $0.03 12 0.88 $0.46
Refrigeration Walk in Refrigeration Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Walk in Refrigeration Efficient 0.11 $1.26 18 0.88 $0.87
Refrigeration Glass Door Display Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Glass Door Display Efficient 0.13 $0.01 18 1.26 $0.00
Refrigeration Reach-in Refrigerator Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Reach-in Refrigerator Efficient 0.16 $0.08 18 1.02 $0.04
Refrigeration Open Display Case Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Open Display Case Efficient 0.00 $0.04 18 0.88 $0.55
Refrigeration Vending Machine Base - $0.00 10 - $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine Base (2012) 0.11 $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine High Efficiency 0.13 $0.00 10 - $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine High Efficiency (2012) 0.20 $0.00 10 1.09 $0.00
Refrigeration Icemaker Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Icemaker Efficient 0.10 $0.02 12 1.06 $0.02
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Baseline - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Energy Star 0.39 $0.00 4 1.02 $0.00
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Climate Savers 0.55 $0.32 4 0.87 $0.15
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Baseline - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Energy Star 0.02 $0.00 4 1.01 $0.00
795
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-31
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Climate Savers 0.04 $0.06 4 0.85 $0.42
Office
Equipment Server Standard - $0.00 3 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Server Energy Star 0.13 $0.01 3 1.01 $0.02
Office
Equipment Monitor Standard - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Monitor Energy Star 0.05 $0.01 4 1.00 $0.03
Office
Equipment Printer/copier/fax Standard - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Printer/copier/fax Energy Star 0.07 $0.02 6 0.98 $0.04
Office
Equipment POS Terminal Standard - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment POS Terminal Energy Star 0.01 $0.00 4 1.00 $0.03
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Standard - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Standard (2015) 0.01 $0.06 15 - $0.63
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor High Efficiency 0.01 $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor High Efficiency (2015) 0.07 $0.06 15 0.98 $0.07
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Premium - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Premium (2015) - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Other Miscellaneous Miscellaneous - $0.00 5 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Other Miscellaneous Miscellaneous (2013) 0.00 $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00

796
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-32 www.enernoc.com
Table C-10 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric— Large Commercial, New
Vintage, Idaho
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Cooling Central Chiller 1.5 kw/ton, COP 2.3 - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Cooling Central Chiller 1.3 kw/ton, COP 2.7 0.26 $0.24 20 1.10 $0.07
Cooling Central Chiller 1.26 kw/ton, COP 2.8 0.31 $0.31 20 0.97 $0.07
Cooling Central Chiller 1.0 kw/ton, COP 3.5 0.64 $0.38 20 1.02 $0.04
Cooling Central Chiller 0.97 kw/ton, COP 3.6 0.68 $0.45 20 0.99 $0.05
Cooling Central Chiller Variable Refrigerant
Flow 0.89 $7.06 20 0.21 $0.56
Cooling RTU EER 9.2 - $0.00 16 - $0.00
Cooling RTU EER 10.1 0.21 $0.13 16 - $0.05
Cooling RTU EER 11.2 0.41 $0.25 16 1.00 $0.05
Cooling RTU EER 12.0 0.54 $0.41 16 0.93 $0.06
Cooling RTU Ductless VRF 0.66 $3.67 16 0.32 $0.46
Cooling Heat Pump EER 9.3, COP 3.1 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Heat Pump EER 10.3, COP 3.2 0.31 $0.18 15 - $0.05
Cooling Heat Pump EER 11.0, COP 3.3 0.50 $0.55 15 1.00 $0.10
Cooling Heat Pump EER 11.7, COP 3.4 0.66 $0.73 15 0.98 $0.10
Cooling Heat Pump EER 12, COP 3.4 0.73 $0.91 15 0.95 $0.11
Cooling Heat Pump Ductless Mini-Split
System 0.81 $5.35 20 0.57 $0.47
Space Heating Electric Resistance Standard - $0.00 25 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Furnace Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Ventilation Ventilation Constant Volume - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Ventilation Ventilation Variable Air Volume 1.79 $1.22 15 1.00 $0.06
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in Incandescents - $0.00 1 - $0.00
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in Infrared Halogen 0.61 $0.08 1 1.00 $0.13
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in CFL 2.52 $0.03 4 5.28 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in LED 2.78 $1.11 12 - $0.04
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures Metal Halides - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures High Pressure Sodium 0.25 -$0.08 9 2.08 -$0.04
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures T8 0.25 -$0.16 6 4.34 -$0.12
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures T5 0.31 -$0.16 6 5.16 -$0.09
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T12 - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T8 0.31 -$0.03 6 1.11 -$0.02
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent Super T8 0.93 $0.25 6 0.92 $0.05
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T5 0.97 $0.42 6 0.79 $0.08
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent LED 1.02 $3.67 15 - $0.31
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 1 - $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Infrared Halogen 0.05 $0.01 1 1.00 $0.26
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in CFL 0.22 $0.01 4 6.10 $0.01
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Metal Halides 0.22 $0.02 4 3.35 $0.02
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in LED 0.24 $0.19 12 - $0.08
Exterior HID Metal Halides - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
797
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-33
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Lighting
Exterior
Lighting HID High Pressure Sodium 0.15 -$0.11 9 2.02 -$0.09
Exterior
Lighting HID Low Pressure Sodium 0.16 $0.45 9 0.58 $0.36
Water
Heating Water Heater Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water
Heating Water Heater High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 0.12 $0.02 15 1.03 $0.02
Water
Heating Water Heater EF 2.0 1.21 -$0.48 15 2.79 -$0.03
Water
Heating Water Heater EF 2.3 1.35 -$0.47 15 3.19 -$0.03
Water
Heating Water Heater EF 2.4 1.39 -$0.47 15 3.32 -$0.03
Water
Heating Water Heater Geothermal Heat Pump 1.60 $3.53 15 0.40 $0.19
Water
Heating Water Heater Solar 1.76 $3.03 15 0.46 $0.15
Food
Preparation Fryer Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Fryer Efficient 0.07 $0.02 12 1.07 $0.03
Food
Preparation Oven Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Oven Efficient 0.74 $0.46 12 0.96 $0.06
Food
Preparation Dishwasher Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Dishwasher Efficient 0.06 $0.10 12 0.89 $0.16
Food
Preparation Hot Food Container Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Hot Food Container Efficient 0.21 $0.30 12 0.70 $0.15
Food
Preparation Food Prep Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Food Prep Efficient 0.01 $0.03 12 0.88 $0.46
Refrigeration Walk in Refrigeration Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Walk in Refrigeration Efficient 0.11 $1.26 18 0.88 $0.88
Refrigeration Glass Door Display Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Glass Door Display Efficient 0.13 $0.01 18 1.26 $0.00
Refrigeration Reach-in Refrigerator Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Reach-in Refrigerator Efficient 0.23 $0.08 18 1.05 $0.03
Refrigeration Open Display Case Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Open Display Case Efficient 0.00 $0.04 18 0.88 $0.55
Refrigeration Vending Machine Base - $0.00 10 - $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine Base (2012) 0.11 $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine High Efficiency 0.13 $0.00 10 - $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine High Efficiency (2012) 0.20 $0.00 10 1.09 $0.00
Refrigeration Icemaker Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Icemaker Efficient 0.09 $0.02 12 1.06 $0.02
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Baseline - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Energy Star 0.39 $0.00 4 1.02 $0.00
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Climate Savers 0.55 $0.32 4 0.87 $0.15
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Baseline - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Energy Star 0.02 $0.00 4 1.01 $0.00
798
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-34 www.enernoc.com
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Climate Savers 0.04 $0.06 4 0.85 $0.42
Office
Equipment Server Standard - $0.00 3 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Server Energy Star 0.13 $0.01 3 1.01 $0.02
Office
Equipment Monitor Standard - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Monitor Energy Star 0.05 $0.01 4 1.00 $0.03
Office
Equipment Printer/copier/fax Standard - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Printer/copier/fax Energy Star 0.07 $0.02 6 0.98 $0.04
Office
Equipment POS Terminal Standard - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment POS Terminal Energy Star 0.01 $0.00 4 1.00 $0.03
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Standard - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Standard (2015) 0.01 $0.06 15 - $0.63
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor High Efficiency 0.01 $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor High Efficiency (2015) 0.07 $0.06 15 0.98 $0.07
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Premium - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Premium (2015) - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Other Miscellaneous Miscellaneous - $0.00 5 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Other Miscellaneous Miscellaneous (2013) 0.00 $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00

799
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-35
Table C-11 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Extra Large Commercial,
Existing Vintage, Washington
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Cooling Central Chiller Variable Refrigerant
Flow 1.08 $10.92 20 0.15 $0.71
Cooling RTU EER 9.2 - $0.00 16 - $0.00
Cooling RTU EER 10.1 0.20 $0.24 16 - $0.10
Cooling RTU EER 11.2 0.40 $0.45 16 1.00 $0.09
Cooling RTU EER 12.0 0.52 $0.75 16 0.89 $0.12
Cooling RTU Ductless VRF 0.63 $6.64 16 0.26 $0.87
Cooling Heat Pump EER 9.3, COP 3.1 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Heat Pump EER 10.3, COP 3.2 0.20 $0.24 15 - $0.11
Cooling Heat Pump EER 11.0, COP 3.3 0.31 $0.73 15 1.00 $0.20
Cooling Heat Pump EER 11.7, COP 3.4 0.42 $0.97 15 0.97 $0.20
Cooling Heat Pump EER 12, COP 3.4 0.46 $1.21 15 0.94 $0.23
Cooling Heat Pump Ductless Mini-Split
System 0.51 $7.10 20 0.54 $0.99
Space Heating Electric Resistance Standard - $0.00 25 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Furnace Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Ventilation Ventilation Constant Volume - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Ventilation Ventilation Variable Air Volume 2.10 $1.22 15 1.04 $0.05
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in Incandescents - $0.00 1 - $0.00
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in Infrared Halogen 0.79 $0.14 1 1.00 $0.18
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in CFL 3.25 $0.06 4 5.60 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in LED 3.59 $1.90 12 - $0.05
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures Metal Halides - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures High Pressure Sodium 0.10 -$0.05 9 2.23 -$0.07
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures T8 0.10 -$0.11 6 5.65 -$0.19
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures T5 0.13 -$0.10 6 6.21 -$0.15
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T12 - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T8 0.23 -$0.03 6 1.12 -$0.02
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent Super T8 0.69 $0.21 6 0.89 $0.06
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T5 0.71 $0.35 6 0.75 $0.09
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent LED 0.75 $3.08 15 - $0.36
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 1 - $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Infrared Halogen 0.02 $0.00 1 1.00 $0.22
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in CFL 0.07 $0.00 4 5.89 $0.01
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Metal Halides 0.07 $0.00 4 3.36 $0.02
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in LED 0.07 $0.05 12 - $0.07
Exterior
Lighting HID Metal Halides - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Exterior
Lighting HID High Pressure Sodium 0.19 -$0.16 9 2.08 -$0.10
Exterior
Lighting HID Low Pressure Sodium 0.21 $0.64 9 0.57 $0.40
800
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-36 www.enernoc.com
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Water
Heating Water Heater Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water
Heating Water Heater High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 0.20 $0.02 15 1.04 $0.01
Water
Heating Water Heater EF 2.0 1.95 -$0.48 15 2.49 -$0.02
Water
Heating Water Heater EF 2.3 2.19 -$0.47 15 2.86 -$0.02
Water
Heating Water Heater EF 2.4 2.26 -$0.47 15 2.98 -$0.02
Water
Heating Water Heater Geothermal Heat Pump 2.59 $3.53 15 0.56 $0.12
Water
Heating Water Heater Solar 2.84 $3.03 15 0.65 $0.09
Food
Preparation Fryer Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Fryer Efficient 0.03 $0.00 12 1.13 $0.02
Food
Preparation Oven Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Oven Efficient 0.84 $0.38 12 1.00 $0.05
Food
Preparation Dishwasher Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Dishwasher Efficient 0.03 $0.04 12 0.89 $0.18
Food
Preparation Hot Food Container Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Hot Food Container Efficient 0.10 $0.22 12 0.66 $0.22
Food
Preparation Food Prep Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Food Prep Efficient 0.00 $0.03 12 0.88 $0.77
Refrigeration Walk in Refrigeration Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Walk in Refrigeration Efficient 0.04 $0.05 18 0.95 $0.08
Refrigeration Glass Door Display Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Glass Door Display Efficient 0.04 $0.00 18 1.39 $0.00
Refrigeration Reach-in Refrigerator Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Reach-in Refrigerator Efficient 0.21 $0.02 18 1.19 $0.01
Refrigeration Open Display Case Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Open Display Case Efficient 0.01 $0.03 18 0.93 $0.25
Refrigeration Vending Machine Base - $0.00 10 - $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine Base (2012) 0.12 $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine High Efficiency 0.14 $0.00 10 - $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine High Efficiency (2012) 0.21 $0.00 10 1.24 $0.00
Refrigeration Icemaker Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Icemaker Efficient 0.04 $0.00 12 1.12 $0.01
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Baseline - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Energy Star 0.28 $0.00 4 1.02 $0.00
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Climate Savers 0.39 $0.33 4 0.86 $0.22
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Baseline - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Energy Star 0.03 $0.00 4 1.00 $0.01
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Climate Savers 0.04 $0.10 4 0.84 $0.61
Office
Equipment Server Standard - $0.00 3 1.00 $0.00
Office Server Energy Star 0.05 $0.00 3 1.00 $0.03
801
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-37
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Equipment
Office
Equipment Monitor Standard - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Monitor Energy Star 0.03 $0.01 4 0.99 $0.04
Office
Equipment Printer/copier/fax Standard - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Printer/copier/fax Energy Star 0.02 $0.01 6 0.96 $0.06
Office
Equipment POS Terminal Standard - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment POS Terminal Energy Star 0.00 $0.00 4 0.99 $0.05
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Standard - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Standard (2015) 0.00 $0.06 15 - $1.06
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor High Efficiency 0.01 $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor High Efficiency (2015) 0.04 $0.06 15 0.97 $0.12
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Premium - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Premium (2015) - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Other Miscellaneous Miscellaneous - $0.00 5 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Other Miscellaneous Miscellaneous (2013) 0.00 $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00

802
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-38 www.enernoc.com
Table C-12 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric— Extra Large Commercial, New
Vintage, Washington
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Cooling Central Chiller Variable Refrigerant
Flow 1.01 $10.92 20 0.15 $0.77
Cooling RTU EER 9.2 - $0.00 16 - $0.00
Cooling RTU EER 10.1 0.19 $0.24 16 - $0.10
Cooling RTU EER 11.2 0.38 $0.44 16 1.00 $0.10
Cooling RTU EER 12.0 0.49 $0.73 16 0.89 $0.12
Cooling RTU Ductless VRF 0.60 $6.51 16 0.26 $0.90
Cooling Heat Pump EER 9.3, COP 3.1 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Heat Pump EER 10.3, COP 3.2 0.17 $0.24 15 - $0.12
Cooling Heat Pump EER 11.0, COP 3.3 0.28 $0.73 15 1.00 $0.23
Cooling Heat Pump EER 11.7, COP 3.4 0.37 $0.97 15 0.97 $0.23
Cooling Heat Pump EER 12, COP 3.4 0.41 $1.21 15 0.94 $0.26
Cooling Heat Pump Ductless Mini-Split
System 0.45 $7.10 20 0.54 $1.12
Space Heating Electric Resistance Standard - $0.00 25 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Furnace Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Ventilation Ventilation Constant Volume - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Ventilation Ventilation Variable Air Volume 2.23 $1.22 15 1.06 $0.05
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in Incandescents - $0.00 1 - $0.00
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in Infrared Halogen 0.87 $0.14 1 1.00 $0.16
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in CFL 3.61 $0.06 4 5.48 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in LED 3.99 $1.90 12 - $0.05
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures Metal Halides - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures High Pressure Sodium 0.10 -$0.05 9 2.23 -$0.07
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures T8 0.10 -$0.11 6 5.65 -$0.19
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures T5 0.13 -$0.10 6 6.21 -$0.15
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T12 - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T8 0.22 -$0.03 6 1.12 -$0.02
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent Super T8 0.66 $0.21 6 0.88 $0.06
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T5 0.68 $0.35 6 0.74 $0.09
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent LED 0.72 $3.08 15 - $0.37
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 1 - $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Infrared Halogen 0.01 $0.00 1 1.00 $0.38
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in CFL 0.04 $0.00 4 6.57 $0.01
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Metal Halides 0.04 $0.00 4 3.32 $0.03
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in LED 0.04 $0.05 12 - $0.12
Exterior
Lighting HID Metal Halides - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Exterior
Lighting HID High Pressure Sodium 0.19 -$0.16 9 2.08 -$0.10
Exterior
Lighting HID Low Pressure Sodium 0.21 $0.64 9 0.57 $0.40
803
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-39
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Water
Heating Water Heater Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water
Heating Water Heater High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 0.20 $0.02 15 1.04 $0.01
Water
Heating Water Heater EF 2.0 1.98 -$0.48 15 2.49 -$0.02
Water
Heating Water Heater EF 2.3 2.22 -$0.47 15 2.85 -$0.02
Water
Heating Water Heater EF 2.4 2.29 -$0.47 15 2.97 -$0.02
Water
Heating Water Heater Geothermal Heat Pump 2.62 $3.53 15 0.57 $0.12
Water
Heating Water Heater Solar 2.88 $3.03 15 0.66 $0.09
Food
Preparation Fryer Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Fryer Efficient 0.03 $0.00 12 1.13 $0.02
Food
Preparation Oven Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Oven Efficient 0.84 $0.38 12 1.00 $0.05
Food
Preparation Dishwasher Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Dishwasher Efficient 0.03 $0.04 12 0.89 $0.18
Food
Preparation Hot Food Container Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Hot Food Container Efficient 0.10 $0.22 12 0.66 $0.22
Food
Preparation Food Prep Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Food Prep Efficient 0.00 $0.03 12 0.88 $0.62
Refrigeration Walk in Refrigeration Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Walk in Refrigeration Efficient 0.04 $0.05 18 0.95 $0.08
Refrigeration Glass Door Display Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Glass Door Display Efficient 0.04 $0.00 18 1.39 $0.00
Refrigeration Reach-in Refrigerator Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Reach-in Refrigerator Efficient 0.21 $0.02 18 1.20 $0.01
Refrigeration Open Display Case Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Open Display Case Efficient 0.01 $0.03 18 0.93 $0.25
Refrigeration Vending Machine Base - $0.00 10 - $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine Base (2012) 0.10 $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine High Efficiency 0.12 $0.00 10 - $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine High Efficiency (2012) 0.18 $0.00 10 1.21 $0.00
Refrigeration Icemaker Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Icemaker Efficient 0.04 $0.00 12 1.12 $0.01
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Baseline - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Energy Star 0.28 $0.00 4 1.02 $0.00
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Climate Savers 0.39 $0.33 4 0.86 $0.22
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Baseline - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Energy Star 0.03 $0.00 4 1.00 $0.01
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Climate Savers 0.04 $0.10 4 0.84 $0.61
Office
Equipment Server Standard - $0.00 3 1.00 $0.00
Office Server Energy Star 0.05 $0.00 3 1.00 $0.03
804
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-40 www.enernoc.com
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Equipment
Office
Equipment Monitor Standard - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Monitor Energy Star 0.03 $0.01 4 0.99 $0.04
Office
Equipment Printer/copier/fax Standard - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Printer/copier/fax Energy Star 0.02 $0.01 6 0.96 $0.06
Office
Equipment POS Terminal Standard - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment POS Terminal Energy Star 0.00 $0.00 4 0.99 $0.05
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Standard - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Standard (2015) 0.00 $0.06 15 - $1.06
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor High Efficiency 0.01 $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor High Efficiency (2015) 0.04 $0.06 15 0.97 $0.12
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Premium - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Premium (2015) - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Other Miscellaneous Miscellaneous - $0.00 5 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Other Miscellaneous Miscellaneous (2013) 0.00 $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00

805
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-41
Table C-13 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Extra Large Commercial,
Existing Vintage, Idaho
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Cooling Central Chiller Variable Refrigerant
Flow 1.08 $10.92 20 0.16 $0.71
Cooling RTU EER 9.2 - $0.00 16 - $0.00
Cooling RTU EER 10.1 0.20 $0.24 16 - $0.10
Cooling RTU EER 11.2 0.40 $0.45 16 1.00 $0.09
Cooling RTU EER 12.0 0.52 $0.75 16 0.89 $0.12
Cooling RTU Ductless VRF 0.63 $6.64 16 0.26 $0.87
Cooling Heat Pump EER 9.3, COP 3.1 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Heat Pump EER 10.3, COP 3.2 0.20 $0.24 15 - $0.11
Cooling Heat Pump EER 11.0, COP 3.3 0.31 $0.73 15 1.00 $0.20
Cooling Heat Pump EER 11.7, COP 3.4 0.42 $0.97 15 0.97 $0.20
Cooling Heat Pump EER 12, COP 3.4 0.46 $1.21 15 0.94 $0.23
Cooling Heat Pump Ductless Mini-Split
System 0.51 $7.10 20 0.53 $0.99
Space Heating Electric Resistance Standard - $0.00 25 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Furnace Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Ventilation Ventilation Constant Volume - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Ventilation Ventilation Variable Air Volume 2.10 $1.22 15 1.02 $0.05
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in Incandescents - $0.00 1 - $0.00
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in Infrared Halogen 0.79 $0.14 1 1.00 $0.18
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in CFL 3.25 $0.06 4 5.61 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in LED 3.59 $1.90 12 - $0.05
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures Metal Halides - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures High Pressure Sodium 0.10 -$0.05 9 2.26 -$0.07
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures T8 0.10 -$0.11 6 5.77 -$0.19
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures T5 0.13 -$0.10 6 6.31 -$0.15
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T12 - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T8 0.23 -$0.03 6 1.12 -$0.02
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent Super T8 0.69 $0.21 6 0.88 $0.06
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T5 0.71 $0.35 6 0.74 $0.09
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent LED 0.75 $3.08 15 - $0.36
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 1 - $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Infrared Halogen 0.02 $0.00 1 1.00 $0.22
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in CFL 0.07 $0.00 4 5.90 $0.01
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Metal Halides 0.07 $0.00 4 3.36 $0.02
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in LED 0.07 $0.05 12 - $0.07
Exterior
Lighting HID Metal Halides - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Exterior
Lighting HID High Pressure Sodium 0.19 -$0.16 9 2.09 -$0.10
Exterior
Lighting HID Low Pressure Sodium 0.21 $0.64 9 0.57 $0.40
806
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-42 www.enernoc.com
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Water
Heating Water Heater Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water
Heating Water Heater High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 0.20 $0.02 15 1.03 $0.01
Water
Heating Water Heater EF 2.0 1.95 -$0.48 15 2.55 -$0.02
Water
Heating Water Heater EF 2.3 2.19 -$0.47 15 2.92 -$0.02
Water
Heating Water Heater EF 2.4 2.26 -$0.47 15 3.04 -$0.02
Water
Heating Water Heater Geothermal Heat Pump 2.59 $3.53 15 0.52 $0.12
Water
Heating Water Heater Solar 2.84 $3.03 15 0.60 $0.09
Food
Preparation Fryer Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Fryer Efficient 0.03 $0.00 12 1.11 $0.02
Food
Preparation Oven Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Oven Efficient 0.84 $0.38 12 0.99 $0.05
Food
Preparation Dishwasher Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Dishwasher Efficient 0.03 $0.04 12 0.88 $0.18
Food
Preparation Hot Food Container Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Hot Food Container Efficient 0.10 $0.22 12 0.65 $0.22
Food
Preparation Food Prep Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Food Prep Efficient 0.00 $0.03 12 0.88 $0.77
Refrigeration Walk in Refrigeration Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Walk in Refrigeration Efficient 0.04 $0.05 18 0.95 $0.08
Refrigeration Glass Door Display Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Glass Door Display Efficient 0.04 $0.00 18 1.39 $0.00
Refrigeration Reach-in Refrigerator Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Reach-in Refrigerator Efficient 0.21 $0.02 18 1.18 $0.01
Refrigeration Open Display Case Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Open Display Case Efficient 0.01 $0.03 18 0.93 $0.25
Refrigeration Vending Machine Base - $0.00 10 - $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine Base (2012) 0.12 $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine High Efficiency 0.14 $0.00 10 - $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine High Efficiency (2012) 0.21 $0.00 10 1.23 $0.00
Refrigeration Icemaker Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Icemaker Efficient 0.04 $0.00 12 1.12 $0.01
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Baseline - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Energy Star 0.28 $0.00 4 1.02 $0.00
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Climate Savers 0.39 $0.33 4 0.86 $0.22
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Baseline - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Energy Star 0.03 $0.00 4 1.00 $0.01
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Climate Savers 0.04 $0.10 4 0.84 $0.61
Office
Equipment Server Standard - $0.00 3 1.00 $0.00
Office Server Energy Star 0.05 $0.00 3 1.00 $0.03
807
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-43
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Equipment
Office
Equipment Monitor Standard - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Monitor Energy Star 0.03 $0.01 4 0.99 $0.04
Office
Equipment Printer/copier/fax Standard - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Printer/copier/fax Energy Star 0.02 $0.01 6 0.96 $0.06
Office
Equipment POS Terminal Standard - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment POS Terminal Energy Star 0.00 $0.00 4 0.99 $0.05
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Standard - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Standard (2015) 0.00 $0.06 15 - $1.06
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor High Efficiency 0.01 $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor High Efficiency (2015) 0.04 $0.06 15 0.97 $0.12
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Premium - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Premium (2015) - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Other Miscellaneous Miscellaneous - $0.00 5 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Other Miscellaneous Miscellaneous (2013) 0.00 $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00

808
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-44 www.enernoc.com
Table C-14 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric— Extra Large Commercial, New
Vintage, Idaho
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Cooling Central Chiller Variable Refrigerant
Flow 1.01 $10.92 20 0.15 $0.77
Cooling RTU EER 9.2 - $0.00 16 - $0.00
Cooling RTU EER 10.1 0.19 $0.24 16 - $0.10
Cooling RTU EER 11.2 0.38 $0.44 16 1.00 $0.10
Cooling RTU EER 12.0 0.49 $0.73 16 0.89 $0.12
Cooling RTU Ductless VRF 0.60 $6.51 16 0.26 $0.90
Cooling Heat Pump EER 9.3, COP 3.1 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Heat Pump EER 10.3, COP 3.2 0.17 $0.24 15 - $0.12
Cooling Heat Pump EER 11.0, COP 3.3 0.28 $0.73 15 1.00 $0.23
Cooling Heat Pump EER 11.7, COP 3.4 0.37 $0.97 15 0.97 $0.23
Cooling Heat Pump EER 12, COP 3.4 0.41 $1.21 15 0.94 $0.26
Cooling Heat Pump Ductless Mini-Split
System 0.45 $7.10 20 0.53 $1.12
Space Heating Electric Resistance Standard - $0.00 25 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Furnace Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Ventilation Ventilation Constant Volume - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Ventilation Ventilation Variable Air Volume 2.23 $1.22 15 1.05 $0.05
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in Incandescents - $0.00 1 - $0.00
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in Infrared Halogen 0.87 $0.14 1 1.00 $0.16
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in CFL 3.61 $0.06 4 5.48 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in LED 3.99 $1.90 12 - $0.05
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures Metal Halides - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures High Pressure Sodium 0.10 -$0.05 9 2.26 -$0.07
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures T8 0.10 -$0.11 6 5.77 -$0.19
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures T5 0.13 -$0.10 6 6.31 -$0.15
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T12 - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T8 0.22 -$0.03 6 1.12 -$0.02
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent Super T8 0.66 $0.21 6 0.87 $0.06
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T5 0.68 $0.35 6 0.73 $0.09
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent LED 0.72 $3.08 15 - $0.37
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 1 - $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Infrared Halogen 0.01 $0.00 1 1.00 $0.38
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in CFL 0.04 $0.00 4 6.58 $0.01
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Metal Halides 0.04 $0.00 4 3.32 $0.03
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in LED 0.04 $0.05 12 - $0.12
Exterior
Lighting HID Metal Halides - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Exterior
Lighting HID High Pressure Sodium 0.19 -$0.16 9 2.09 -$0.10
Exterior
Lighting HID Low Pressure Sodium 0.21 $0.64 9 0.57 $0.40
809
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-45
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Water
Heating Water Heater Baseline (EF=0.90) - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Water
Heating Water Heater High Efficiency
(EF=0.95) 0.20 $0.02 15 1.03 $0.01
Water
Heating Water Heater EF 2.0 1.98 -$0.48 15 2.54 -$0.02
Water
Heating Water Heater EF 2.3 2.22 -$0.47 15 2.92 -$0.02
Water
Heating Water Heater EF 2.4 2.29 -$0.47 15 3.04 -$0.02
Water
Heating Water Heater Geothermal Heat Pump 2.62 $3.53 15 0.52 $0.12
Water
Heating Water Heater Solar 2.88 $3.03 15 0.60 $0.09
Food
Preparation Fryer Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Fryer Efficient 0.03 $0.00 12 1.11 $0.02
Food
Preparation Oven Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Oven Efficient 0.84 $0.38 12 0.99 $0.05
Food
Preparation Dishwasher Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Dishwasher Efficient 0.03 $0.04 12 0.88 $0.18
Food
Preparation Hot Food Container Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Hot Food Container Efficient 0.10 $0.22 12 0.65 $0.22
Food
Preparation Food Prep Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Food
Preparation Food Prep Efficient 0.00 $0.03 12 0.88 $0.62
Refrigeration Walk in Refrigeration Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Walk in Refrigeration Efficient 0.04 $0.05 18 0.95 $0.08
Refrigeration Glass Door Display Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Glass Door Display Efficient 0.04 $0.00 18 1.39 $0.00
Refrigeration Reach-in Refrigerator Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Reach-in Refrigerator Efficient 0.21 $0.02 18 1.19 $0.01
Refrigeration Open Display Case Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Open Display Case Efficient 0.01 $0.03 18 0.93 $0.25
Refrigeration Vending Machine Base - $0.00 10 - $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine Base (2012) 0.10 $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine High Efficiency 0.12 $0.00 10 - $0.00
Refrigeration Vending Machine High Efficiency (2012) 0.18 $0.00 10 1.20 $0.00
Refrigeration Icemaker Standard - $0.00 12 1.00 $0.00
Refrigeration Icemaker Efficient 0.04 $0.00 12 1.12 $0.01
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Baseline - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Energy Star 0.28 $0.00 4 1.02 $0.00
Office
Equipment Desktop Computer Climate Savers 0.39 $0.33 4 0.86 $0.22
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Baseline - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Energy Star 0.03 $0.00 4 1.00 $0.01
Office
Equipment Laptop Computer Climate Savers 0.04 $0.10 4 0.84 $0.61
Office
Equipment Server Standard - $0.00 3 1.00 $0.00
Office Server Energy Star 0.05 $0.00 3 1.00 $0.03
810
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-46 www.enernoc.com
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Equipment
Office
Equipment Monitor Standard - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Monitor Energy Star 0.03 $0.01 4 0.99 $0.04
Office
Equipment Printer/copier/fax Standard - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment Printer/copier/fax Energy Star 0.02 $0.01 6 0.96 $0.06
Office
Equipment POS Terminal Standard - $0.00 4 1.00 $0.00
Office
Equipment POS Terminal Energy Star 0.00 $0.00 4 0.99 $0.05
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Standard - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Standard (2015) 0.00 $0.06 15 - $1.06
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor High Efficiency 0.01 $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor High Efficiency (2015) 0.04 $0.06 15 0.97 $0.12
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Premium - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Non-HVAC Motor Premium (2015) - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Other Miscellaneous Miscellaneous - $0.00 5 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Other Miscellaneous Miscellaneous (2013) 0.00 $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00

811
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-47
Table C-15 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Extra Large Industrial,
Existing Vintage, Washington
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Cooling Central Chiller 0.75 kw/ton, COP 4.7 - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Cooling Central Chiller 0.60 kw/ton, COP 5.9 1.69 $0.33 20 1.10 $0.01
Cooling Central Chiller 0.58 kw/ton, COP 6.1 1.91 $0.66 20 0.97 $0.02
Cooling Central Chiller 0.55 kw/Ton, COP 6.4 2.25 $0.93 20 0.95 $0.03
Cooling Central Chiller 0.51 kw/ton, COP 6.9 2.70 $1.59 20 0.90 $0.04
Cooling Central Chiller 0.50 kw/Ton, COP 7.0 2.81 $1.92 20 0.87 $0.05
Cooling Central Chiller 0.48 kw/ton, COP 7.3 3.04 $2.25 20 0.84 $0.05
Cooling Central Chiller Variable Refrigerant
Flow 3.92 $39.62 20 0.15 $0.72
Cooling RTU EER 9.2 - $0.00 16 - $0.00
Cooling RTU EER 10.1 0.56 $0.39 16 - $0.06
Cooling RTU EER 11.2 1.12 $0.73 16 1.00 $0.05
Cooling RTU EER 12.0 1.47 $1.22 16 0.92 $0.07
Cooling RTU Ductless VRF 1.79 $10.83 16 0.31 $0.50
Cooling Heat Pump EER 9.3, COP 3.1 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Heat Pump EER 10.3, COP 3.2 0.41 $0.92 15 - $0.19
Cooling Heat Pump EER 11.0, COP 3.3 0.65 $2.75 15 1.00 $0.36
Cooling Heat Pump EER 11.7, COP 3.4 0.87 $3.66 15 0.95 $0.36
Cooling Heat Pump EER 12, COP 3.4 0.95 $4.58 15 0.90 $0.42
Cooling Heat Pump Ductless Mini-Split
System 1.06 $26.86 20 0.45 $1.80
Space Heating Electric Resistance Standard - $0.00 25 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Furnace Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 9.3, COP 3.1 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 10.3, COP 3.2 0.13 $0.92 15 - $0.61
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 11.0, COP 3.3 0.25 $2.75 15 1.00 $0.95
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 11.7, COP 3.4 0.37 $3.66 15 0.95 $0.87
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 12, COP 3.4 0.47 $4.58 15 0.90 $0.84
Space Heating Heat Pump Ductless Mini-Split
System 1.04 $26.86 20 0.45 $1.83
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 9.3, COP 3.1 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 10.3, COP 3.2 0.13 $0.92 15 - $0.61
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 11.0, COP 3.3 0.25 $2.75 15 1.00 $0.95
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 11.7, COP 3.4 0.37 $3.66 15 0.95 $0.87
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 12, COP 3.4 0.47 $4.58 15 0.90 $0.84
Space Heating Heat Pump Ductless Mini-Split
System 1.04 $26.86 20 0.45 $1.83
Ventilation Ventilation Constant Volume - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Ventilation Ventilation Variable Air Volume 8.88 $1.22 15 1.46 $0.01
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in Incandescents - $0.00 1 - $0.00
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in Infrared Halogen 0.18 $0.04 1 1.00 $0.20
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in CFL 0.76 $0.02 4 5.79 $0.01
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in LED 0.84 $0.52 12 - $0.06
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures Metal Halides - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures High Pressure Sodium 0.40 -$0.14 9 2.11 -$0.04
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures T8 0.40 -$0.28 6 4.58 -$0.13
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures T5 0.51 -$0.28 6 5.58 -$0.10
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T12 - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T8 0.09 -$0.01 6 1.12 -$0.02
812
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-48 www.enernoc.com
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent Super T8 0.26 $0.08 6 0.88 $0.06
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T5 0.27 $0.14 6 0.74 $0.09
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent LED 0.29 $1.21 15 - $0.37
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 1 - $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Infrared Halogen 0.01 $0.00 1 1.00 $0.24
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in CFL 0.04 $0.00 4 6.00 $0.01
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Metal Halides 0.04 $0.00 4 3.36 $0.02
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in LED 0.04 $0.03 12 - $0.07
Exterior
Lighting HID Metal Halides - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Exterior
Lighting HID High Pressure Sodium 0.05 -$0.04 9 2.10 -$0.11
Exterior
Lighting HID Low Pressure Sodium 0.06 $0.18 9 0.57 $0.42
Process Process
Cooling/Refrigeration Standard - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Process Process
Cooling/Refrigeration Efficient 18.88 $5.59 10 1.23 $0.04
Process Process Heating Standard - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Process Electrochemical
Process Standard - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Process Electrochemical
Process Efficient 13.16 $2.64 10 1.20 $0.02
Machine
Drive Less than 5 HP Standard - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Machine
Drive Less than 5 HP High Efficiency 0.00 $0.06 15 - $0.99
Machine
Drive Less than 5 HP Standard (2015) 0.01 $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Machine
Drive Less than 5 HP Premium 0.04 $0.06 15 1.04 $0.11
Machine
Drive Less than 5 HP High Efficiency (2015) - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Machine
Drive Less than 5 HP Premium (2015) - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Machine
Drive 5-24 HP Standard - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Machine
Drive 5-24 HP High 0.01 $0.02 10 1.01 $0.17
Machine
Drive 5-24 HP Premium - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Machine
Drive 25-99 HP Standard - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Machine
Drive 25-99 HP High 0.03 $0.02 10 1.01 $0.06
Machine
Drive 25-99 HP Premium - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Machine
Drive 100-249 HP Standard - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Machine
Drive 100-249 HP High 0.02 $0.02 10 1.01 $0.10
Machine
Drive 100-249 HP Premium - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Machine
Drive 250-499 HP Standard - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
813
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-49
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Machine
Drive 250-499 HP High 0.06 $0.02 10 1.01 $0.03
Machine
Drive 250-499 HP Premium - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Machine
Drive 500 and more HP Standard - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Machine
Drive 500 and more HP High 0.10 $0.02 10 1.01 $0.02
Machine
Drive 500 and more HP Premium - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00

814
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-50 www.enernoc.com
Table C-16 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric— Extra Large Industrial, New
Vintage, Washington
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Cooling Central Chiller 0.75 kw/ton, COP 4.7 - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Cooling Central Chiller 0.60 kw/ton, COP 5.9 1.58 $0.33 20 1.10 $0.01
Cooling Central Chiller 0.58 kw/ton, COP 6.1 1.79 $0.66 20 0.97 $0.03
Cooling Central Chiller 0.55 kw/Ton, COP 6.4 2.11 $0.93 20 0.95 $0.03
Cooling Central Chiller 0.51 kw/ton, COP 6.9 2.53 $1.59 20 0.89 $0.04
Cooling Central Chiller 0.50 kw/Ton, COP 7.0 2.63 $1.92 20 0.86 $0.05
Cooling Central Chiller 0.48 kw/ton, COP 7.3 2.84 $2.25 20 0.83 $0.06
Cooling Central Chiller Variable Refrigerant
Flow 3.67 $39.62 20 0.15 $0.76
Cooling RTU EER 9.2 - $0.00 16 - $0.00
Cooling RTU EER 10.1 0.56 $0.39 16 - $0.06
Cooling RTU EER 11.2 1.12 $0.74 16 1.00 $0.05
Cooling RTU EER 12.0 1.47 $1.23 16 0.92 $0.07
Cooling RTU Ductless VRF 1.79 $10.88 16 0.30 $0.50
Cooling Heat Pump EER 9.3, COP 3.1 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Heat Pump EER 10.3, COP 3.2 0.39 $0.92 15 - $0.20
Cooling Heat Pump EER 11.0, COP 3.3 0.62 $2.75 15 1.00 $0.38
Cooling Heat Pump EER 11.7, COP 3.4 0.83 $3.66 15 0.95 $0.38
Cooling Heat Pump EER 12, COP 3.4 0.91 $4.58 15 0.90 $0.43
Cooling Heat Pump Ductless Mini-Split
System 1.01 $26.86 20 0.45 $1.88
Space Heating Electric Resistance Standard - $0.00 25 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Furnace Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 9.3, COP 3.1 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 10.3, COP 3.2 0.13 $0.92 15 - $0.62
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 11.0, COP 3.3 0.25 $2.75 15 1.00 $0.96
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 11.7, COP 3.4 0.36 $3.66 15 0.95 $0.88
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 12, COP 3.4 0.47 $4.58 15 0.90 $0.85
Space Heating Heat Pump Ductless Mini-Split
System 1.02 $26.86 20 0.45 $1.86
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 9.3, COP 3.1 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 10.3, COP 3.2 0.13 $0.92 15 - $0.62
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 11.0, COP 3.3 0.25 $2.75 15 1.00 $0.96
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 11.7, COP 3.4 0.36 $3.66 15 0.95 $0.88
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 12, COP 3.4 0.47 $4.58 15 0.90 $0.85
Space Heating Heat Pump Ductless Mini-Split
System 1.02 $26.86 20 0.45 $1.86
Ventilation Ventilation Constant Volume - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Ventilation Ventilation Variable Air Volume 13.69 $1.22 15 1.63 $0.01
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in Incandescents - $0.00 1 - $0.00
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in Infrared Halogen 0.21 $0.04 1 1.00 $0.18
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in CFL 0.85 $0.02 4 5.65 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in LED 0.94 $0.52 12 - $0.06
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures Metal Halides - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures High Pressure Sodium 0.40 -$0.14 9 2.11 -$0.04
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures T8 0.40 -$0.28 6 4.58 -$0.13
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures T5 0.51 -$0.28 6 5.58 -$0.10
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T12 - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T8 0.09 -$0.01 6 1.12 -$0.02
815
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-51
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent Super T8 0.27 $0.08 6 0.89 $0.06
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T5 0.28 $0.14 6 0.75 $0.09
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent LED 0.29 $1.21 15 - $0.36
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 1 - $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Infrared Halogen 0.01 $0.00 1 1.00 $0.24
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in CFL 0.04 $0.00 4 6.00 $0.01
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Metal Halides 0.04 $0.00 4 3.36 $0.02
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in LED 0.04 $0.03 12 - $0.07
Exterior
Lighting HID Metal Halides - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Exterior
Lighting HID High Pressure Sodium 0.05 -$0.04 9 2.10 -$0.11
Exterior
Lighting HID Low Pressure Sodium 0.06 $0.18 9 0.57 $0.42
Process Process
Cooling/Refrigeration Standard - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Process Process
Cooling/Refrigeration Efficient 18.88 $5.59 10 1.23 $0.04
Process Process Heating Standard - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Process Electrochemical
Process Standard - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Process Electrochemical
Process Efficient 13.16 $2.64 10 1.20 $0.02
Machine
Drive Less than 5 HP Standard - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Machine
Drive Less than 5 HP High Efficiency 0.00 $0.06 15 - $0.99
Machine
Drive Less than 5 HP Standard (2015) 0.01 $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Machine
Drive Less than 5 HP Premium 0.04 $0.06 15 1.04 $0.11
Machine
Drive Less than 5 HP High Efficiency (2015) - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Machine
Drive Less than 5 HP Premium (2015) - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Machine
Drive 5-24 HP Standard - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Machine
Drive 5-24 HP High 0.01 $0.02 10 1.01 $0.17
Machine
Drive 5-24 HP Premium - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Machine
Drive 25-99 HP Standard - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Machine
Drive 25-99 HP High 0.03 $0.02 10 1.01 $0.06
Machine
Drive 25-99 HP Premium - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Machine
Drive 100-249 HP Standard - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Machine
Drive 100-249 HP High 0.02 $0.02 10 1.01 $0.10
Machine
Drive 100-249 HP Premium - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Machine
Drive 250-499 HP Standard - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
816
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-52 www.enernoc.com
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Machine
Drive 250-499 HP High 0.06 $0.02 10 1.01 $0.03
Machine
Drive 250-499 HP Premium - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Machine
Drive 500 and more HP Standard - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Machine
Drive 500 and more HP High 0.10 $0.02 10 1.01 $0.02
Machine
Drive 500 and more HP Premium - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00

817
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-53
Table C-17 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric—Extra Large Industrial,
Existing Vintage, Idaho
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Cooling Central Chiller 0.75 kw/ton, COP 4.7 - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Cooling Central Chiller 0.60 kw/ton, COP 5.9 1.69 $0.33 20 1.10 $0.01
Cooling Central Chiller 0.58 kw/ton, COP 6.1 1.91 $0.66 20 0.97 $0.02
Cooling Central Chiller 0.55 kw/Ton, COP 6.4 2.25 $0.93 20 0.95 $0.03
Cooling Central Chiller 0.51 kw/ton, COP 6.9 2.70 $1.59 20 0.90 $0.04
Cooling Central Chiller 0.50 kw/Ton, COP 7.0 2.81 $1.92 20 0.87 $0.05
Cooling Central Chiller 0.48 kw/ton, COP 7.3 3.04 $2.25 20 0.84 $0.05
Cooling Central Chiller Variable Refrigerant
Flow 3.92 $39.62 20 0.15 $0.72
Cooling RTU EER 9.2 - $0.00 16 - $0.00
Cooling RTU EER 10.1 0.56 $0.39 16 - $0.06
Cooling RTU EER 11.2 1.12 $0.73 16 1.00 $0.05
Cooling RTU EER 12.0 1.47 $1.22 16 0.92 $0.07
Cooling RTU Ductless VRF 1.79 $10.83 16 0.31 $0.50
Cooling Heat Pump EER 9.3, COP 3.1 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Heat Pump EER 10.3, COP 3.2 0.41 $0.92 15 - $0.19
Cooling Heat Pump EER 11.0, COP 3.3 0.65 $2.75 15 1.00 $0.36
Cooling Heat Pump EER 11.7, COP 3.4 0.87 $3.66 15 0.95 $0.36
Cooling Heat Pump EER 12, COP 3.4 0.95 $4.58 15 0.90 $0.42
Cooling Heat Pump Ductless Mini-Split
System 1.06 $26.86 20 0.45 $1.80
Space Heating Electric Resistance Standard - $0.00 25 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Furnace Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 9.3, COP 3.1 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 10.3, COP 3.2 0.13 $0.92 15 - $0.61
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 11.0, COP 3.3 0.25 $2.75 15 1.00 $0.95
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 11.7, COP 3.4 0.37 $3.66 15 0.95 $0.87
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 12, COP 3.4 0.47 $4.58 15 0.90 $0.84
Space Heating Heat Pump Ductless Mini-Split
System 1.04 $26.86 20 0.45 $1.83
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 9.3, COP 3.1 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 10.3, COP 3.2 0.13 $0.92 15 - $0.61
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 11.0, COP 3.3 0.25 $2.75 15 1.00 $0.95
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 11.7, COP 3.4 0.37 $3.66 15 0.95 $0.87
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 12, COP 3.4 0.47 $4.58 15 0.90 $0.84
Space Heating Heat Pump Ductless Mini-Split
System 1.04 $26.86 20 0.45 $1.83
Ventilation Ventilation Constant Volume - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Ventilation Ventilation Variable Air Volume 8.88 $1.22 15 1.46 $0.01
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in Incandescents - $0.00 1 - $0.00
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in Infrared Halogen 0.18 $0.04 1 1.00 $0.20
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in CFL 0.76 $0.02 4 5.79 $0.01
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in LED 0.84 $0.52 12 - $0.06
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures Metal Halides - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures High Pressure Sodium 0.40 -$0.14 9 2.11 -$0.04
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures T8 0.40 -$0.28 6 4.58 -$0.13
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures T5 0.51 -$0.28 6 5.58 -$0.10
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T12 - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T8 0.09 -$0.01 6 1.12 -$0.02
818
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-54 www.enernoc.com
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent Super T8 0.26 $0.08 6 0.88 $0.06
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T5 0.27 $0.14 6 0.74 $0.09
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent LED 0.29 $1.21 15 - $0.37
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 1 - $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Infrared Halogen 0.01 $0.00 1 1.00 $0.24
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in CFL 0.04 $0.00 4 6.00 $0.01
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Metal Halides 0.04 $0.00 4 3.36 $0.02
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in LED 0.04 $0.03 12 - $0.07
Exterior
Lighting HID Metal Halides - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Exterior
Lighting HID High Pressure Sodium 0.05 -$0.04 9 2.10 -$0.11
Exterior
Lighting HID Low Pressure Sodium 0.06 $0.18 9 0.57 $0.42
Process Process
Cooling/Refrigeration Standard - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Process Process
Cooling/Refrigeration Efficient 18.88 $5.59 10 1.23 $0.04
Process Process Heating Standard - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Process Electrochemical
Process Standard - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Process Electrochemical
Process Efficient 13.16 $2.64 10 1.20 $0.02
Machine
Drive Less than 5 HP Standard - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Machine
Drive Less than 5 HP High Efficiency 0.00 $0.06 15 - $0.99
Machine
Drive Less than 5 HP Standard (2015) 0.01 $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Machine
Drive Less than 5 HP Premium 0.04 $0.06 15 1.04 $0.11
Machine
Drive Less than 5 HP High Efficiency (2015) - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Machine
Drive Less than 5 HP Premium (2015) - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Machine
Drive 5-24 HP Standard - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Machine
Drive 5-24 HP High 0.01 $0.02 10 1.01 $0.17
Machine
Drive 5-24 HP Premium - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Machine
Drive 25-99 HP Standard - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Machine
Drive 25-99 HP High 0.03 $0.02 10 1.01 $0.06
Machine
Drive 25-99 HP Premium - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Machine
Drive 100-249 HP Standard - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Machine
Drive 100-249 HP High 0.02 $0.02 10 1.01 $0.10
Machine
Drive 100-249 HP Premium - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Machine
Drive 250-499 HP Standard - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
819
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-55
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Machine
Drive 250-499 HP High 0.06 $0.02 10 1.01 $0.03
Machine
Drive 250-499 HP Premium - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Machine
Drive 500 and more HP Standard - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Machine
Drive 500 and more HP High 0.10 $0.02 10 1.01 $0.02
Machine
Drive 500 and more HP Premium - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00

820
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-56 www.enernoc.com
Table C-18 Energy Efficiency Equipment Data, Electric— Extra Large Industrial, New
Vintage, Idaho
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Cooling Central Chiller 0.75 kw/ton, COP 4.7 - $0.00 20 - $0.00
Cooling Central Chiller 0.60 kw/ton, COP 5.9 1.58 $0.33 20 1.10 $0.01
Cooling Central Chiller 0.58 kw/ton, COP 6.1 1.79 $0.66 20 0.97 $0.03
Cooling Central Chiller 0.55 kw/Ton, COP 6.4 2.11 $0.93 20 0.95 $0.03
Cooling Central Chiller 0.51 kw/ton, COP 6.9 2.53 $1.59 20 0.89 $0.04
Cooling Central Chiller 0.50 kw/Ton, COP 7.0 2.63 $1.92 20 0.86 $0.05
Cooling Central Chiller 0.48 kw/ton, COP 7.3 2.84 $2.25 20 0.83 $0.06
Cooling Central Chiller Variable Refrigerant
Flow 3.67 $39.62 20 0.15 $0.76
Cooling RTU EER 9.2 - $0.00 16 - $0.00
Cooling RTU EER 10.1 0.56 $0.39 16 - $0.06
Cooling RTU EER 11.2 1.12 $0.74 16 1.00 $0.05
Cooling RTU EER 12.0 1.47 $1.23 16 0.92 $0.07
Cooling RTU Ductless VRF 1.79 $10.88 16 0.30 $0.50
Cooling Heat Pump EER 9.3, COP 3.1 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Cooling Heat Pump EER 10.3, COP 3.2 0.39 $0.92 15 - $0.20
Cooling Heat Pump EER 11.0, COP 3.3 0.62 $2.75 15 1.00 $0.38
Cooling Heat Pump EER 11.7, COP 3.4 0.83 $3.66 15 0.95 $0.38
Cooling Heat Pump EER 12, COP 3.4 0.91 $4.58 15 0.90 $0.43
Cooling Heat Pump Ductless Mini-Split
System 1.01 $26.86 20 0.45 $1.88
Space Heating Electric Resistance Standard - $0.00 25 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Furnace Standard - $0.00 18 1.00 $0.00
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 9.3, COP 3.1 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 10.3, COP 3.2 0.13 $0.92 15 - $0.62
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 11.0, COP 3.3 0.25 $2.75 15 1.00 $0.96
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 11.7, COP 3.4 0.36 $3.66 15 0.95 $0.88
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 12, COP 3.4 0.47 $4.58 15 0.90 $0.85
Space Heating Heat Pump Ductless Mini-Split
System 1.02 $26.86 20 0.45 $1.86
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 9.3, COP 3.1 - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 10.3, COP 3.2 0.13 $0.92 15 - $0.62
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 11.0, COP 3.3 0.25 $2.75 15 1.00 $0.96
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 11.7, COP 3.4 0.36 $3.66 15 0.95 $0.88
Space Heating Heat Pump EER 12, COP 3.4 0.47 $4.58 15 0.90 $0.85
Space Heating Heat Pump Ductless Mini-Split
System 1.02 $26.86 20 0.45 $1.86
Ventilation Ventilation Constant Volume - $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Ventilation Ventilation Variable Air Volume 13.69 $1.22 15 1.63 $0.01
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in Incandescents - $0.00 1 - $0.00
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in Infrared Halogen 0.21 $0.04 1 1.00 $0.18
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in CFL 0.85 $0.02 4 5.65 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Interior Screw-in LED 0.94 $0.52 12 - $0.06
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures Metal Halides - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures High Pressure Sodium 0.40 -$0.14 9 2.11 -$0.04
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures T8 0.40 -$0.28 6 4.58 -$0.13
Interior
Lighting High Bay Fixtures T5 0.51 -$0.28 6 5.58 -$0.10
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T12 - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T8 0.09 -$0.01 6 1.12 -$0.02
821
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-57
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent Super T8 0.27 $0.08 6 0.89 $0.06
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent T5 0.28 $0.14 6 0.75 $0.09
Interior
Lighting Linear Fluorescent LED 0.29 $1.21 15 - $0.36
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Incandescent - $0.00 1 - $0.00
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Infrared Halogen 0.01 $0.00 1 1.00 $0.24
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in CFL 0.04 $0.00 4 6.00 $0.01
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in Metal Halides 0.04 $0.00 4 3.36 $0.02
Exterior
Lighting Exterior Screw-in LED 0.04 $0.03 12 - $0.07
Exterior
Lighting HID Metal Halides - $0.00 6 1.00 $0.00
Exterior
Lighting HID High Pressure Sodium 0.05 -$0.04 9 2.10 -$0.11
Exterior
Lighting HID Low Pressure Sodium 0.06 $0.18 9 0.57 $0.42
Process Process
Cooling/Refrigeration Standard - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Process Process
Cooling/Refrigeration Efficient 18.88 $5.59 10 1.23 $0.04
Process Process Heating Standard - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Process Electrochemical
Process Standard - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Process Electrochemical
Process Efficient 13.16 $2.64 10 1.20 $0.02
Machine
Drive Less than 5 HP Standard - $0.00 15 - $0.00
Machine
Drive Less than 5 HP High Efficiency 0.00 $0.06 15 - $0.99
Machine
Drive Less than 5 HP Standard (2015) 0.01 $0.00 15 1.00 $0.00
Machine
Drive Less than 5 HP Premium 0.04 $0.06 15 1.04 $0.11
Machine
Drive Less than 5 HP High Efficiency (2015) - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Machine
Drive Less than 5 HP Premium (2015) - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Machine
Drive 5-24 HP Standard - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Machine
Drive 5-24 HP High 0.01 $0.02 10 1.01 $0.17
Machine
Drive 5-24 HP Premium - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Machine
Drive 25-99 HP Standard - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Machine
Drive 25-99 HP High 0.03 $0.02 10 1.01 $0.06
Machine
Drive 25-99 HP Premium - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Machine
Drive 100-249 HP Standard - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Machine
Drive 100-249 HP High 0.02 $0.02 10 1.01 $0.10
Machine
Drive 100-249 HP Premium - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Machine
Drive 250-499 HP Standard - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
822
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-58 www.enernoc.com
End Use Technology Efficiency Definition
Savings
(kWh/SQ
FT/yr)
Incremental
Cost ($/SQ
FT)
Lifetime
(Years)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Machine
Drive 250-499 HP High 0.06 $0.02 10 1.01 $0.03
Machine
Drive 250-499 HP Premium - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Machine
Drive 500 and more HP Standard - $0.00 10 1.00 $0.00
Machine
Drive 500 and more HP High 0.10 $0.02 10 1.01 $0.02
Machine
Drive 500 and more HP Premium - $0.00 0 - $0.00
Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous - $0.00 5 1.00 $0.00

823
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-59
Table C-19 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data—Small/Medium Commercial,
Existing Vintage, Washington
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Incremental
Cost
($/SqFt)
Savings
(kWh/Sq
Ft)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
RTU - Maintenance 14.0% 100.0% 4 $0.08 0.4 0.22 $0.060
RTU - Evaporative Precooler 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.88 1.2 0.21 $0.061
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset 0.0% 0.0% 4 $0.86 0.4 0.03 $0.529
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow
System 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.86 0.1 0.02 $1.018
Chiller - VSD 0.0% 0.0% 20 $1.17 0.8 0.11 $0.105
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling Tower
Fans 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.00 $10.961
Chiller - Condenser Water Temprature
Reset 0.0% 0.0% 14 $0.87 0.4 0.07 $0.206
Cooling - Economizer Installation 51.8% 65.0% 15 $0.15 0.6 0.64 $0.020
Heat Pump - Maintenance 28.1% 100.0% 4 $0.03 0.9 1.42 $0.009
Insulation - Ducting 9.0% 100.0% 20 $0.41 0.2 0.36 $0.136
Repair and Sealing - Ducting 5.0% 50.0% 15 $0.38 0.7 0.47 $0.048
Energy Management System 34.8% 100.0% 14 $0.35 0.8 0.37 $0.040
Cooking - Exhaust Hoods with Sensor
Control 1.0% 20.0% 10 $0.04 - - $0.000
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors 11.0% 100.0% 10 $0.05 0.1 0.25 $0.057
Fans - Variable Speed Control 10.9% 100.0% 10 $0.20 0.7 0.32 $0.033
Retrocommissioning - HVAC 15.0% 100.0% 4 $0.60 0.6 0.35 $0.280
Pumps - Variable Speed Control 0.0% 45.0% 10 $0.44 0.0 0.00 $5.336
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 38.7% 50.0% 11 $0.11 0.3 0.32 $0.044
Insulation - Ceiling 19.0% 90.0% 20 $0.64 0.7 0.43 $0.066
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 10.3% 25.0% 20 $0.26 0.4 0.45 $0.050
Roofs - High Reflectivity 3.3% 100.0% 15 $0.18 0.2 0.21 $0.063
Windows - High Efficiency 66.1% 100.0% 20 $0.44 1.0 0.52 $0.032
Interior Lighting - Central Lighting
Controls 81.2% 100.0% 8 $0.65 0.2 0.02 $0.581
Interior Lighting - Photocell Controlled
T8 Dimming Ballasts 0.9% 60.0% 8 $0.50 0.8 0.14 $0.085
Exterior Lighting - Daylighting Controls 1.6% 100.0% 8 $0.11 0.5 0.28 $0.029
Interior Fluorescent - Bi-Level Fixture
w/Occupancy Sensor 10.0% 30.0% 8 $0.50 0.3 0.06 $0.212
Interior Fluorescent - High Bay Fixtures 10.0% 30.0% 11 $0.70 1.7 0.21 $0.046
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensors 7.1% 60.0% 8 $0.20 0.2 0.14 $0.179
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic
Installation 5.0% 25.0% 5 $0.92 0.6 0.03 $0.307
Interior Screw-in - Task Lighting 25.0% 100.0% 5 $0.24 0.1 0.02 $0.500
Interior Lighting - Time Clocks and
Timers 9.1% 75.0% 8 $0.20 0.1 0.07 $0.357
Water Heater - Faucet Aerators/Low
Flow Nozzles 50.5% 100.0% 9 $0.01 0.1 0.68 $0.016
Water Heater - Pipe Insulation 45.6% 100.0% 15 $0.28 0.1 0.04 $0.216
Water Heater - High Efficiency
Circulation Pump 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.11 1.4 1.11 $0.009
Water Heater - Tank Blanket/Insulation 68.0% 100.0% 10 $0.02 0.1 0.44 $0.024
Water Heater - Thermostat Setback 5.0% 100.0% 10 $0.11 0.1 0.06 $0.163
Refrigeration - Anti-Sweat Heater/Auto
Door Closer 0.0% 100.0% 16 $0.20 0.1 0.03 $0.264
Refrigeration - Floating Head Pressure 17.9% 50.0% 16 $0.35 0.0 0.01 $1.061
Refrigeration - Door Gasket
Replacement 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.10 0.0 0.01 $0.710
Insulation - Bare Suction Lines 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.10 0.0 0.02 $0.525
Refrigeration - Night Covers 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.05 0.0 0.02 $2.859
Refrigeration - Strip Curtain 5.0% 56.3% 4 $0.00 - - $0.000
Vending Machine - Controller 2.0% 10.0% 10 $0.27 0.0 0.01 $0.701
LED Exit Lighting 46.9% 90.0% 10 $0.00 0.0 4.04 $0.006
Retrocommissioning - Lighting 5.0% 100.0% 5 $0.10 0.3 0.15 $0.081
Refrigeration - High Efficiency Case 12.0% 56.0% 6 $0.04 0.0 0.01 $1.656
824
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-60 www.enernoc.com
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Incremental
Cost
($/SqFt)
Savings
(kWh/Sq
Ft)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Lighting
Exterior Lighting - Cold Cathode
Lighting 14.6% 50.0% 5 $0.00 0.4 16.94 $0.001
Laundry - High Efficiency Clothes
Washer 6.9% 10.0% 10 $0.00 0.0 4.82 $0.002
Interior Lighting - Hotel Guestroom
Controls 0.0% 0.0% 8 $0.14 0.1 0.04 $0.211
Miscellaneous - Energy Star Water
Cooler 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.00 0.0 0.27 $0.044
Interior Lighting - Skylights 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 0.2 1.00 $0.000
Ventilation - Demand Control
Ventilation 6.4% 20.0% 10 $0.04 0.1 0.52 $0.065
Office Equipment - Smart Power Strips 15.4% 30.0% 7 $0.00 0.4 286.03 $0.000
Strategic Energy Management 0.0% 0.0% 3 $0.00 - 6.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Floating
section Pressure - Air-cooled Cond. 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex Controls -
Floating section Pressure - Evap. Cond. 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff. Air-
cooled Condenser 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff. Water-
cooled Condenser 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
RTU - Maintenance 14.0% 100.0% 4 $0.08 0.4 0.22 $0.060
RTU - Evaporative Precooler 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.88 1.2 0.21 $0.061
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset 0.0% 0.0% 4 $0.86 0.4 0.03 $0.529
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow
System 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.86 0.1 0.02 $1.018
Chiller - VSD 0.0% 0.0% 20 $1.17 0.8 0.11 $0.105
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling Tower
Fans 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.00 $10.961
Chiller - Condenser Water Temprature
Reset 0.0% 0.0% 14 $0.87 0.4 0.07 $0.206
Cooling - Economizer Installation 51.8% 65.0% 15 $0.15 0.6 0.64 $0.020
Heat Pump - Maintenance 28.1% 100.0% 4 $0.03 0.9 1.42 $0.009
Insulation - Ducting 9.0% 100.0% 20 $0.41 0.2 0.36 $0.136
Repair and Sealing - Ducting 5.0% 50.0% 15 $0.38 0.7 0.47 $0.048
Energy Management System 34.8% 100.0% 14 $0.35 0.8 0.37 $0.040
Cooking - Exhaust Hoods with Sensor
Control 1.0% 20.0% 10 $0.04 - - $0.000
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors 11.0% 100.0% 10 $0.05 0.1 0.25 $0.057
Fans - Variable Speed Control 10.9% 100.0% 10 $0.20 0.7 0.32 $0.033
Retrocommissioning - HVAC 15.0% 100.0% 4 $0.60 0.6 0.35 $0.280
Pumps - Variable Speed Control 0.0% 45.0% 10 $0.44 0.0 0.00 $5.336
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 38.7% 50.0% 11 $0.11 0.3 0.32 $0.044
Insulation - Ceiling 19.0% 90.0% 20 $0.64 0.7 0.43 $0.066
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 10.3% 25.0% 20 $0.26 0.4 0.45 $0.050

825
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-61
Table C-20 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data— Small/ Medium Commercial, New
Vintage, Washington
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Incremental
Cost
($/SqFt)
Savings
(kWh/SqFt)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
RTU - Maintenance 14.0% 100.0% 4 $0.08 0.2 0.14 $0.102
RTU - Evaporative Precooler 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.88 1.0 0.18 $0.073
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset 0.0% 0.0% 4 $0.86 0.4 0.02 $0.641
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow
System 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.86 0.1 0.02 $0.823
Chiller - VSD 0.0% 0.0% 20 $1.17 0.7 0.10 $0.122
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling
Tower Fans 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.00 $8.973
Chiller - Condenser Water
Temprature Reset 0.0% 0.0% 14 $0.87 0.3 0.06 $0.247
Cooling - Economizer Installation 51.8% 65.0% 15 $0.15 - 0.28 $0.000
Heat Pump - Maintenance 28.1% 100.0% 4 $0.03 0.5 0.96 $0.015
Insulation - Ducting 9.0% 50.0% 20 $0.41 - 0.32 $0.000
Energy Management System 27.7% 100.0% 14 $0.35 1.9 0.63 $0.017
Cooking - Exhaust Hoods with Sensor
Control 1.0% 20.0% 10 $0.04 - - $0.000
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors 11.0% 100.0% 10 $0.05 0.1 0.17 $0.067
Fans - Variable Speed Control 8.0% 100.0% 10 $0.20 0.5 0.25 $0.044
Pumps - Variable Speed Control 5.0% 45.0% 10 $0.44 0.0 0.00 $5.075
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 34.0% 50.0% 11 $0.11 1.0 0.86 $0.012
Insulation - Ceiling 15.3% 90.0% 20 $0.16 - 0.38 $0.000
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 7.0% 25.0% 20 $0.26 - 0.30 $0.000
Roofs - High Reflectivity 5.0% 100.0% 15 $0.09 - 0.07 $0.000
Windows - High Efficiency 60.5% 100.0% 20 $0.35 - 0.31 $0.000
Interior Lighting - Central Lighting
Controls 81.2% 100.0% 8 $0.65 - - $0.000
Interior Lighting - Photocell
Controlled T8 Dimming Ballasts 0.9% 60.0% 8 $0.38 0.7 0.16 $0.074
Exterior Lighting - Daylighting
Controls 10.0% 100.0% 8 $0.09 - 0.00 $0.000
Interior Fluorescent - Bi-Level Fixture
w/Occupancy Sensor 10.0% 30.0% 8 $0.50 0.3 0.05 $0.243
Interior Fluorescent - High Bay
Fixtures 10.0% 30.0% 11 $0.70 1.5 0.20 $0.052
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensors 7.1% 60.0% 8 $0.20 - 0.07 $0.000
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic
Installation 5.0% 25.0% 5 $0.92 - - $0.000
Interior Screw-in - Task Lighting 25.0% 100.0% 5 $0.24 0.1 0.03 $0.507
Interior Lighting - Time Clocks and
Timers 9.1% 75.0% 8 $0.20 - 0.05 $0.000
Water Heater - Faucet Aerators/Low
Flow Nozzles 50.5% 100.0% 9 $0.01 0.1 0.67 $0.017
Water Heater - Pipe Insulation 45.6% 100.0% 15 $0.28 0.1 0.04 $0.227
Water Heater - High Efficiency
Circulation Pump 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.11 1.3 1.09 $0.010
Water Heater - Tank
Blanket/Insulation 40.4% 100.0% 10 $0.02 0.0 0.21 $0.051
Water Heater - Thermostat Setback 10.0% 100.0% 10 $0.11 0.1 0.06 $0.174
Refrigeration - Anti-Sweat
Heater/Auto Door Closer 0.0% 100.0% 16 $0.20 0.1 0.03 $0.289
Refrigeration - Floating Head
Pressure 17.9% 50.0% 16 $0.35 - 0.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Door Gasket
Replacement 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.10 0.0 0.01 $1.014
Insulation - Bare Suction Lines 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.10 - - $0.000
Refrigeration - Night Covers 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.05 0.0 0.02 $3.122
Refrigeration - Strip Curtain 5.0% 56.3% 4 $0.00 - - $0.000
Vending Machine - Controller 2.0% 10.0% 10 $0.27 0.0 0.01 $0.804
LED Exit Lighting 91.2% 90.0% 10 $0.00 0.0 5.42 $0.006
Refrigeration - High Efficiency Case 26.1% 56.0% 6 $0.02 0.0 0.38 $0.559
826
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-62 www.enernoc.com
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Incremental
Cost
($/SqFt)
Savings
(kWh/SqFt)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Lighting
Exterior Lighting - Cold Cathode
Lighting 14.6% 50.0% 5 $0.00 0.3 20.03 $0.001
Laundry - High Efficiency Clothes
Washer 6.9% 10.0% 10 $0.00 0.0 5.78 $0.002
Interior Lighting - Hotel Guestroom
Controls 0.0% 0.0% 8 $0.14 0.1 0.06 $0.213
Miscellaneous - Energy Star Water
Cooler 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.00 0.0 0.33 $0.037
Interior Lighting - Skylights 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Ventilation - Demand Control
Ventilation 12.9% 20.0% 10 $0.04 - 0.38 $0.000
Office Equipment - Smart Power
Strips 15.4% 30.0% 7 $0.00 0.5 393.51 $0.000
Strategic Energy Management 0.0% 0.0% 3 $0.00 - 6.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Floating
section Pressure - Air-cooled Cond. 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex Controls -
Floating section Pressure - Evap.
Cond.
0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff. Air-
cooled Condenser 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff.
Water-cooled Condenser 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
RTU - Maintenance 14.0% 100.0% 4 $0.08 0.2 0.14 $0.102
RTU - Evaporative Precooler 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.88 1.0 0.18 $0.073
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset 0.0% 0.0% 4 $0.86 0.4 0.02 $0.641
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow
System 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.86 0.1 0.02 $0.823
Chiller - VSD 0.0% 0.0% 20 $1.17 0.7 0.10 $0.122
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling
Tower Fans 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.00 $8.973
Chiller - Condenser Water
Temprature Reset 0.0% 0.0% 14 $0.87 0.3 0.06 $0.247
Cooling - Economizer Installation 51.8% 65.0% 15 $0.15 - 0.28 $0.000
Heat Pump - Maintenance 28.1% 100.0% 4 $0.03 0.5 0.96 $0.015
Insulation - Ducting 9.0% 50.0% 20 $0.41 - 0.32 $0.000
Energy Management System 27.7% 100.0% 14 $0.35 1.9 0.63 $0.017
Cooking - Exhaust Hoods with Sensor
Control 1.0% 20.0% 10 $0.04 - - $0.000
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors 11.0% 100.0% 10 $0.05 0.1 0.17 $0.067
Fans - Variable Speed Control 8.0% 100.0% 10 $0.20 0.5 0.25 $0.044
Pumps - Variable Speed Control 5.0% 45.0% 10 $0.44 0.0 0.00 $5.075
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 34.0% 50.0% 11 $0.11 1.0 0.86 $0.012
Insulation - Ceiling 15.3% 90.0% 20 $0.16 - 0.38 $0.000
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 7.0% 25.0% 20 $0.26 - 0.30 $0.000
Roofs - High Reflectivity 5.0% 100.0% 15 $0.09 - 0.07 $0.000
Windows - High Efficiency 60.5% 100.0% 20 $0.35 - 0.31 $0.000
Interior Lighting - Central Lighting
Controls 81.2% 100.0% 8 $0.65 - - $0.000
Interior Lighting - Photocell
Controlled T8 Dimming Ballasts 0.9% 60.0% 8 $0.38 0.7 0.16 $0.074
Exterior Lighting - Daylighting
Controls 10.0% 100.0% 8 $0.09 - 0.00 $0.000

827
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-63
Table C-21 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data— Small/Medium Commercial,
Existing Vintage, Idaho
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Incremental
Cost
($/SqFt)
Savings
(kWh/SqFt)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
RTU - Maintenance 31.3% 100.0% 4 $0.08 0.4 0.22 $0.060
RTU - Evaporative Precooler 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.88 1.2 0.21 $0.061
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset 0.0% 0.0% 4 $0.86 0.4 0.03 $0.529
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow
System 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.86 0.1 0.02 $1.018
Chiller - VSD 0.0% 0.0% 20 $1.17 0.8 0.11 $0.105
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling
Tower Fans 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.00 $10.961
Chiller - Condenser Water
Temprature Reset 0.0% 0.0% 14 $0.87 0.4 0.07 $0.206
Cooling - Economizer Installation 51.8% 65.0% 15 $0.15 0.1 0.36 $0.140
Heat Pump - Maintenance 28.1% 100.0% 4 $0.03 0.9 1.41 $0.009
Insulation - Ducting 9.0% 100.0% 20 $0.41 0.0 0.31 $1.480
Repair and Sealing - Ducting 5.0% 50.0% 15 $0.38 0.1 0.32 $0.586
Energy Management System 34.8% 100.0% 14 $0.35 4.4 1.28 $0.007
Cooking - Exhaust Hoods with Sensor
Control 1.0% 20.0% 10 $0.04 - - $0.000
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors 28.9% 100.0% 10 $0.05 0.5 0.98 $0.011
Fans - Variable Speed Control 26.5% 100.0% 10 $0.20 0.7 0.31 $0.033
Retrocommissioning - HVAC 15.0% 100.0% 4 $0.60 0.1 0.31 $1.917
Pumps - Variable Speed Control 0.0% 45.0% 10 $0.44 0.0 0.00 $5.336
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 38.7% 50.0% 11 $0.11 2.8 2.30 $0.004
Insulation - Ceiling 10.0% 90.0% 20 $0.64 0.1 0.35 $0.580
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 7.0% 25.0% 20 $0.26 0.0 0.33 $0.567
Roofs - High Reflectivity 4.5% 100.0% 15 $0.18 0.0 0.12 $0.434
Windows - High Efficiency 60.5% 100.0% 20 $0.44 0.1 0.33 $0.392
Interior Lighting - Central Lighting
Controls 81.2% 100.0% 8 $0.65 0.1 0.01 $1.389
Interior Lighting - Photocell
Controlled T8 Dimming Ballasts 0.9% 60.0% 8 $0.50 0.8 0.14 $0.085
Exterior Lighting - Daylighting
Controls 1.6% 100.0% 8 $0.11 0.1 0.07 $0.121
Interior Fluorescent - Bi-Level Fixture
w/Occupancy Sensor 10.0% 30.0% 8 $0.50 0.3 0.06 $0.212
Interior Fluorescent - High Bay
Fixtures 15.4% 30.0% 11 $0.70 1.7 0.21 $0.046
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensors 18.3% 60.0% 8 $0.20 0.1 0.10 $0.427
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic
Installation 5.0% 25.0% 5 $0.92 0.2 0.01 $1.278
Interior Screw-in - Task Lighting 25.0% 100.0% 5 $0.24 0.1 0.02 $0.500
Interior Lighting - Time Clocks and
Timers 9.1% 75.0% 8 $0.20 0.0 0.05 $0.855
Water Heater - Faucet Aerators/Low
Flow Nozzles 50.5% 100.0% 9 $0.01 0.1 0.67 $0.016
Water Heater - Pipe Insulation 45.6% 100.0% 15 $0.28 0.1 0.04 $0.216
Water Heater - High Efficiency
Circulation Pump 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.11 1.4 1.10 $0.009
Water Heater - Tank
Blanket/Insulation 68.0% 100.0% 10 $0.02 0.1 0.43 $0.024
Water Heater - Thermostat Setback 5.0% 100.0% 10 $0.11 0.1 0.06 $0.163
Refrigeration - Anti-Sweat
Heater/Auto Door Closer 0.0% 100.0% 16 $0.20 0.1 0.03 $0.264
Refrigeration - Floating Head
Pressure 17.9% 50.0% 16 $0.35 - 0.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Door Gasket
Replacement 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.10 0.0 0.01 $0.710
Insulation - Bare Suction Lines 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.10 - - $0.000
Refrigeration - Night Covers 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.05 0.0 0.02 $2.859
Refrigeration - Strip Curtain 5.0% 56.3% 4 $0.00 - - $0.000
Vending Machine - Controller 2.0% 10.0% 10 $0.27 0.0 0.01 $0.701
828
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-64 www.enernoc.com
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Incremental
Cost
($/SqFt)
Savings
(kWh/SqFt)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
LED Exit Lighting 46.9% 90.0% 10 $0.00 0.0 3.34 $0.006
Retrocommissioning - Lighting 24.1% 100.0% 5 $0.10 0.1 0.05 $0.233
Refrigeration - High Efficiency Case
Lighting 12.0% 56.0% 6 $0.04 0.0 0.01 $1.909
Exterior Lighting - Cold Cathode
Lighting 14.6% 50.0% 5 $0.00 0.3 15.57 $0.001
Laundry - High Efficiency Clothes
Washer 6.9% 10.0% 10 $0.00 0.0 4.79 $0.002
Interior Lighting - Hotel Guestroom
Controls 0.0% 0.0% 8 $0.14 0.1 0.03 $0.211
Miscellaneous - Energy Star Water
Cooler 24.1% 100.0% 8 $0.00 0.0 0.27 $0.044
Interior Lighting - Skylights 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 0.1 1.00 $0.000
Ventilation - Demand Control
Ventilation 10.2% 20.0% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.42 $0.134
Office Equipment - Smart Power
Strips 15.4% 30.0% 7 $0.00 0.4 285.77 $0.000
Strategic Energy Management 0.0% 0.0% 3 $0.00 - 6.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Floating
section Pressure - Air-cooled Cond. 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex Controls -
Floating section Pressure - Evap.
Cond.
0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff. Air-
cooled Condenser 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff.
Water-cooled Condenser 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
RTU - Maintenance 31.3% 100.0% 4 $0.08 0.4 0.22 $0.060
RTU - Evaporative Precooler 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.88 1.2 0.21 $0.061
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset 0.0% 0.0% 4 $0.86 0.4 0.03 $0.529
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow
System 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.86 0.1 0.02 $1.018
Chiller - VSD 0.0% 0.0% 20 $1.17 0.8 0.11 $0.105
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling
Tower Fans 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.00 $10.961
Chiller - Condenser Water
Temprature Reset 0.0% 0.0% 14 $0.87 0.4 0.07 $0.206
Cooling - Economizer Installation 51.8% 65.0% 15 $0.15 0.1 0.36 $0.140
Heat Pump - Maintenance 28.1% 100.0% 4 $0.03 0.9 1.41 $0.009
Insulation - Ducting 9.0% 100.0% 20 $0.41 0.0 0.31 $1.480
Repair and Sealing - Ducting 5.0% 50.0% 15 $0.38 0.1 0.32 $0.586
Energy Management System 34.8% 100.0% 14 $0.35 4.4 1.28 $0.007
Cooking - Exhaust Hoods with Sensor
Control 1.0% 20.0% 10 $0.04 - - $0.000
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors 28.9% 100.0% 10 $0.05 0.5 0.98 $0.011
Fans - Variable Speed Control 26.5% 100.0% 10 $0.20 0.7 0.31 $0.033
Retrocommissioning - HVAC 15.0% 100.0% 4 $0.60 0.1 0.31 $1.917
Pumps - Variable Speed Control 0.0% 45.0% 10 $0.44 0.0 0.00 $5.336
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 38.7% 50.0% 11 $0.11 2.8 2.30 $0.004
Insulation - Ceiling 10.0% 90.0% 20 $0.64 0.1 0.35 $0.580
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 7.0% 25.0% 20 $0.26 0.0 0.33 $0.567

829
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-65
Table C-22 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data— Small/ Medium Commercial, New
Vintage, Idaho
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Incremental
Cost
($/SqFt)
Savings
(kWh/SqFt)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
RTU - Maintenance 21.4% 100.0% 4 $0.08 0.2 0.14 $0.102
RTU - Evaporative Precooler 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.88 1.0 0.18 $0.073
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset 0.0% 0.0% 4 $0.86 0.4 0.02 $0.641
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow
System 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.86 0.1 0.02 $0.823
Chiller - VSD 0.0% 0.0% 20 $1.17 0.7 0.09 $0.122
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling
Tower Fans 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.00 $8.973
Chiller - Condenser Water
Temprature Reset 0.0% 0.0% 14 $0.87 0.3 0.06 $0.247
Cooling - Economizer Installation 51.8% 65.0% 15 $0.15 - 0.28 $0.000
Heat Pump - Maintenance 28.1% 100.0% 4 $0.03 0.5 0.96 $0.015
Insulation - Ducting 9.0% 50.0% 20 $0.41 - 0.32 $0.000
Energy Management System 34.8% 100.0% 14 $0.35 2.2 0.73 $0.014
Cooking - Exhaust Hoods with Sensor
Control 1.0% 20.0% 10 $0.04 - - $0.000
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors 28.9% 100.0% 10 $0.05 0.1 0.21 $0.067
Fans - Variable Speed Control 50.5% 100.0% 10 $0.20 0.5 0.25 $0.044
Pumps - Variable Speed Control 5.0% 45.0% 10 $0.44 0.0 0.00 $5.075
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 34.0% 50.0% 11 $0.11 1.4 1.19 $0.009
Insulation - Ceiling 21.5% 90.0% 20 $0.16 - 0.38 $0.000
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 7.0% 25.0% 20 $0.26 - 0.30 $0.000
Roofs - High Reflectivity 5.0% 100.0% 15 $0.09 - 0.07 $0.000
Windows - High Efficiency 60.5% 100.0% 20 $0.35 - 0.31 $0.000
Interior Lighting - Central Lighting
Controls 81.2% 100.0% 8 $0.65 - - $0.000
Interior Lighting - Photocell
Controlled T8 Dimming Ballasts 0.9% 60.0% 8 $0.38 0.7 0.16 $0.074
Exterior Lighting - Daylighting
Controls 10.0% 100.0% 8 $0.09 - 0.00 $0.000
Interior Fluorescent - Bi-Level Fixture
w/Occupancy Sensor 10.0% 30.0% 8 $0.50 0.3 0.05 $0.243
Interior Fluorescent - High Bay
Fixtures 13.7% 30.0% 11 $0.70 1.5 0.19 $0.052
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensors 11.9% 60.0% 8 $0.20 - 0.07 $0.000
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic
Installation 5.0% 25.0% 5 $0.92 - - $0.000
Interior Screw-in - Task Lighting 25.0% 100.0% 5 $0.24 0.1 0.03 $0.507
Interior Lighting - Time Clocks and
Timers 9.1% 75.0% 8 $0.20 - 0.05 $0.000
Water Heater - Faucet Aerators/Low
Flow Nozzles 50.5% 100.0% 9 $0.01 0.1 0.66 $0.017
Water Heater - Pipe Insulation 45.6% 100.0% 15 $0.28 0.1 0.04 $0.227
Water Heater - High Efficiency
Circulation Pump 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.11 1.3 1.08 $0.010
Water Heater - Tank
Blanket/Insulation 68.0% 100.0% 10 $0.02 0.0 0.21 $0.051
Water Heater - Thermostat Setback 10.0% 100.0% 10 $0.11 0.1 0.06 $0.174
Refrigeration - Anti-Sweat
Heater/Auto Door Closer 0.0% 100.0% 16 $0.20 0.1 0.03 $0.289
Refrigeration - Floating Head
Pressure 17.9% 50.0% 16 $0.35 0.1 0.03 $0.323
Refrigeration - Door Gasket
Replacement 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.10 0.0 0.01 $1.014
Insulation - Bare Suction Lines 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.10 0.1 0.08 $0.160
Refrigeration - Night Covers 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.05 0.0 0.02 $3.122
Refrigeration - Strip Curtain 5.0% 56.3% 4 $0.00 - - $0.000
Vending Machine - Controller 2.0% 10.0% 10 $0.27 0.0 0.01 $0.804
LED Exit Lighting 91.2% 90.0% 10 $0.00 0.0 5.18 $0.006
Refrigeration - High Efficiency Case 30.0% 56.0% 6 $0.02 0.0 0.32 $0.292
830
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-66 www.enernoc.com
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Incremental
Cost
($/SqFt)
Savings
(kWh/SqFt)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Lighting
Exterior Lighting - Cold Cathode
Lighting 14.6% 50.0% 5 $0.00 0.3 18.13 $0.001
Laundry - High Efficiency Clothes
Washer 6.9% 10.0% 10 $0.00 0.0 5.75 $0.002
Interior Lighting - Hotel Guestroom
Controls 0.0% 0.0% 8 $0.14 0.1 0.05 $0.213
Miscellaneous - Energy Star Water
Cooler 11.9% 100.0% 8 $0.00 0.0 0.33 $0.037
Interior Lighting - Skylights 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Ventilation - Demand Control
Ventilation 19.7% 20.0% 10 $0.04 - 0.38 $0.000
Office Equipment - Smart Power
Strips 15.4% 30.0% 7 $0.00 0.3 215.34 $0.000
Strategic Energy Management 0.0% 0.0% 3 $0.00 - 6.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Floating
section Pressure - Air-cooled Cond. 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex Controls -
Floating section Pressure - Evap.
Cond.
0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff. Air-
cooled Condenser 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff.
Water-cooled Condenser 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
RTU - Maintenance 21.4% 100.0% 4 $0.08 0.2 0.14 $0.102
RTU - Evaporative Precooler 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.88 1.0 0.18 $0.073
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset 0.0% 0.0% 4 $0.86 0.4 0.02 $0.641
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow
System 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.86 0.1 0.02 $0.823
Chiller - VSD 0.0% 0.0% 20 $1.17 0.7 0.09 $0.122
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling
Tower Fans 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.00 $8.973
Chiller - Condenser Water
Temprature Reset 0.0% 0.0% 14 $0.87 0.3 0.06 $0.247
Cooling - Economizer Installation 51.8% 65.0% 15 $0.15 - 0.28 $0.000
Heat Pump - Maintenance 28.1% 100.0% 4 $0.03 0.5 0.96 $0.015
Insulation - Ducting 9.0% 50.0% 20 $0.41 - 0.32 $0.000
Energy Management System 34.8% 100.0% 14 $0.35 2.2 0.73 $0.014
Cooking - Exhaust Hoods with Sensor
Control 1.0% 20.0% 10 $0.04 - - $0.000
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors 28.9% 100.0% 10 $0.05 0.1 0.21 $0.067
Fans - Variable Speed Control 50.5% 100.0% 10 $0.20 0.5 0.25 $0.044
Pumps - Variable Speed Control 5.0% 45.0% 10 $0.44 0.0 0.00 $5.075
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 34.0% 50.0% 11 $0.11 1.4 1.19 $0.009
Insulation - Ceiling 21.5% 90.0% 20 $0.16 - 0.38 $0.000
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 7.0% 25.0% 20 $0.26 - 0.30 $0.000
Roofs - High Reflectivity 5.0% 100.0% 15 $0.09 - 0.07 $0.000
Windows - High Efficiency 60.5% 100.0% 20 $0.35 - 0.31 $0.000
Interior Lighting - Central Lighting
Controls 81.2% 100.0% 8 $0.65 - - $0.000
Interior Lighting - Photocell
Controlled T8 Dimming Ballasts 0.9% 60.0% 8 $0.38 0.7 0.16 $0.074
Exterior Lighting - Daylighting
Controls 10.0% 100.0% 8 $0.09 - 0.00 $0.000

831
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-67
Table C-23 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data— Large Commercial, Existing
Vintage, Washington
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Incremental
Cost
($/SqFt)
Savings
(kWh/SqFt)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
RTU - Maintenance 27.0% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.4 0.30 $0.044
RTU - Evaporative Precooler 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.88 1.3 0.12 $0.060
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset 15.0% 100.0% 4 $0.18 0.4 0.11 $0.120
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow
System 30.0% 45.0% 10 $0.18 0.1 0.04 $0.226
Chiller - VSD 15.0% 88.2% 20 $1.17 0.7 0.05 $0.117
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling
Tower Fans 15.0% 43.5% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.00 $11.820
Chiller - Condenser Water
Temprature Reset 5.0% 100.0% 14 $0.18 0.4 0.17 $0.046
Cooling - Economizer Installation 51.6% 65.0% 15 $0.15 0.8 0.47 $0.015
Heat Pump - Maintenance 28.1% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.8 0.61 $0.021
Insulation - Ducting 8.0% 100.0% 20 $0.41 0.0 0.31 $1.046
Repair and Sealing - Ducting 5.0% 50.0% 15 $0.38 0.1 0.32 $0.421
Energy Management System 44.0% 100.0% 14 $0.35 2.5 0.68 $0.013
Cooking - Exhaust Hoods with Sensor
Control 1.0% 15.0% 10 $0.04 - - $0.000
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors 11.0% 100.0% 10 $0.05 0.1 0.17 $0.072
Fans - Variable Speed Control 2.0% 100.0% 10 $0.20 0.6 0.27 $0.040
Retrocommissioning - HVAC 15.0% 100.0% 4 $0.30 0.4 0.37 $0.216
Pumps - Variable Speed Control 0.0% 45.0% 10 $0.13 0.0 0.01 $1.381
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 33.0% 50.0% 11 $0.11 0.8 0.65 $0.015
Insulation - Ceiling 9.0% 40.0% 20 $0.85 0.4 0.34 $0.152
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 7.0% 25.0% 20 $0.26 0.0 0.31 $0.521
Roofs - High Reflectivity 1.5% 100.0% 15 $0.08 0.1 0.07 $0.109
Windows - High Efficiency 71.9% 100.0% 20 $0.88 0.2 0.32 $0.385
Interior Lighting - Central Lighting
Controls 85.7% 100.0% 8 $0.65 0.2 0.03 $0.384
Interior Lighting - Photocell
Controlled T8 Dimming Ballasts 0.9% 60.0% 8 $0.45 0.8 0.15 $0.078
Exterior Lighting - Daylighting
Controls 1.6% 25.0% 8 $0.29 0.1 0.02 $0.549
Interior Fluorescent - Bi-Level Fixture
w/Occupancy Sensor 10.0% 30.0% 8 $0.40 0.3 0.07 $0.173
Interior Fluorescent - High Bay
Fixtures 10.0% 30.0% 11 $0.63 1.6 0.24 $0.042
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensors 12.6% 60.0% 8 $0.20 0.2 0.16 $0.118
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic
Installation 5.0% 25.0% 5 $0.92 0.1 0.00 $2.235
Interior Screw-in - Task Lighting 10.0% 100.0% 5 $0.24 0.1 0.02 $0.531
Interior Lighting - Time Clocks and
Timers 9.3% 75.0% 8 $0.20 0.1 0.09 $0.236
Water Heater - Faucet Aerators/Low
Flow Nozzles 3.0% 100.0% 9 $0.03 0.1 0.27 $0.042
Water Heater - Pipe Insulation 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.28 0.1 0.04 $0.185
Water Heater - High Efficiency
Circulation Pump 0.6% 25.0% 10 $0.11 1.6 1.31 $0.008
Water Heater - Tank
Blanket/Insulation 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.04 0.1 0.26 $0.041
Water Heater - Thermostat Setback 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.11 0.1 0.07 $0.141
Refrigeration - Anti-Sweat
Heater/Auto Door Closer 0.0% 100.0% 16 $0.20 0.1 0.02 $0.321
Refrigeration - Floating Head
Pressure 38.0% 60.0% 16 $0.35 0.0 0.00 $1.320
Refrigeration - Door Gasket
Replacement 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.10 0.0 0.02 $0.463
Insulation - Bare Suction Lines 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.10 0.0 0.02 $0.653
Refrigeration - Night Covers 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.05 0.0 0.04 $0.449
Refrigeration - Strip Curtain 12.6% 56.3% 4 $0.00 0.0 19.02 $0.001
Vending Machine - Controller 2.0% 10.0% 10 $0.27 0.1 0.01 $0.596
832
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-68 www.enernoc.com
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Incremental
Cost
($/SqFt)
Savings
(kWh/SqFt)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
LED Exit Lighting 46.9% 90.0% 10 $0.00 0.0 3.74 $0.006
Retrocommissioning - Lighting 5.0% 100.0% 5 $0.05 0.3 0.31 $0.042
Refrigeration - High Efficiency Case
Lighting 12.0% 56.0% 6 $0.04 - - $0.000
Exterior Lighting - Cold Cathode
Lighting 14.6% 50.0% 5 $0.00 0.3 15.65 $0.001
Laundry - High Efficiency Clothes
Washer 6.9% 10.0% 10 $0.00 0.0 4.60 $0.002
Interior Lighting - Hotel Guestroom
Controls 1.0% 2.0% 8 $0.14 0.1 0.04 $0.224
Miscellaneous - Energy Star Water
Cooler 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.00 0.0 0.26 $0.047
Interior Lighting - Skylights 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 0.4 1.00 $0.000
Ventilation - Demand Control
Ventilation 7.9% 15.0% 10 $0.04 0.2 0.88 $0.029
Office Equipment - Smart Power
Strips 15.4% 30.0% 7 $0.00 0.3 208.80 $0.000
Strategic Energy Management 0.0% 0.0% 3 $0.00 - 6.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Floating
section Pressure - Air-cooled Cond. 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex Controls -
Floating section Pressure - Evap.
Cond.
0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff. Air-
cooled Condenser 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff.
Water-cooled Condenser 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
RTU - Maintenance 27.0% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.4 0.30 $0.044
RTU - Evaporative Precooler 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.88 1.3 0.12 $0.060
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset 15.0% 100.0% 4 $0.18 0.4 0.11 $0.120
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow
System 30.0% 45.0% 10 $0.18 0.1 0.04 $0.226
Chiller - VSD 15.0% 88.2% 20 $1.17 0.7 0.05 $0.117
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling
Tower Fans 15.0% 43.5% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.00 $11.820
Chiller - Condenser Water
Temprature Reset 5.0% 100.0% 14 $0.18 0.4 0.17 $0.046
Cooling - Economizer Installation 51.6% 65.0% 15 $0.15 0.8 0.47 $0.015
Heat Pump - Maintenance 28.1% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.8 0.61 $0.021
Insulation - Ducting 8.0% 100.0% 20 $0.41 0.0 0.31 $1.046
Repair and Sealing - Ducting 5.0% 50.0% 15 $0.38 0.1 0.32 $0.421
Energy Management System 44.0% 100.0% 14 $0.35 2.5 0.68 $0.013
Cooking - Exhaust Hoods with Sensor
Control 1.0% 15.0% 10 $0.04 - - $0.000
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors 11.0% 100.0% 10 $0.05 0.1 0.17 $0.072
Fans - Variable Speed Control 2.0% 100.0% 10 $0.20 0.6 0.27 $0.040
Retrocommissioning - HVAC 15.0% 100.0% 4 $0.30 0.4 0.37 $0.216
Pumps - Variable Speed Control 0.0% 45.0% 10 $0.13 0.0 0.01 $1.381
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 33.0% 50.0% 11 $0.11 0.8 0.65 $0.015
Insulation - Ceiling 9.0% 40.0% 20 $0.85 0.4 0.34 $0.152
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 7.0% 25.0% 20 $0.26 0.0 0.31 $0.521

833
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-69
Table C-24 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data— Large Commercial, New Vintage,
Washington
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Incremental
Cost
($/SqFt)
Savings
(kWh/SqFt)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
RTU - Maintenance 27.0% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.2 0.19 $0.076
RTU - Evaporative Precooler 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.88 1.0 0.11 $0.073
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset 30.0% 100.0% 4 $0.18 0.3 0.09 $0.151
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow
System 30.0% 45.0% 10 $0.18 0.1 0.06 $0.168
Chiller - VSD 15.0% 88.2% 20 $1.17 0.6 0.05 $0.141
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling
Tower Fans 15.0% 43.5% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.00 $10.716
Chiller - Condenser Water
Temprature Reset 25.0% 100.0% 14 $0.18 0.3 0.14 $0.058
Cooling - Economizer Installation 44.3% 65.0% 15 $0.15 0.0 0.04 $0.517
Heat Pump - Maintenance 14.7% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.5 0.44 $0.034
Insulation - Ducting 8.0% 50.0% 20 $0.41 0.0 0.30 $15.903
Energy Management System 48.5% 100.0% 14 $0.35 2.9 0.81 $0.011
Cooking - Exhaust Hoods with Sensor
Control 1.0% 15.0% 10 $0.04 - - $0.000
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors 11.0% 100.0% 10 $0.05 0.1 0.19 $0.084
Fans - Variable Speed Control 2.0% 100.0% 10 $0.20 0.5 0.22 $0.051
Pumps - Variable Speed Control 5.0% 45.0% 10 $0.13 0.0 0.01 $1.313
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 33.0% 50.0% 11 $0.11 1.4 1.14 $0.009
Insulation - Ceiling 75.0% 90.0% 20 $0.35 0.0 0.31 $2.770
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 7.0% 25.0% 20 $0.26 0.0 0.30 $29.882
Roofs - High Reflectivity 5.0% 100.0% 15 $0.05 0.0 0.01 $2.520
Windows - High Efficiency 71.9% 100.0% 20 $0.88 0.0 0.30 $17.807
Interior Lighting - Central Lighting
Controls 85.7% 100.0% 8 $0.65 - - $0.000
Interior Lighting - Photocell
Controlled T8 Dimming Ballasts 0.9% 60.0% 8 $0.34 0.7 0.18 $0.068
Exterior Lighting - Daylighting
Controls 10.0% 25.0% 8 $0.19 - 0.00 $0.000
Interior Fluorescent - Bi-Level Fixture
w/Occupancy Sensor 10.0% 30.0% 8 $0.40 0.3 0.06 $0.201
Interior Fluorescent - High Bay
Fixtures 10.0% 30.0% 11 $0.63 1.4 0.21 $0.049
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensors 12.6% 60.0% 8 $0.20 - 0.06 $0.000
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic
Installation 5.0% 25.0% 5 $0.92 - - $0.000
Interior Screw-in - Task Lighting 10.0% 100.0% 5 $0.24 0.1 0.03 $0.538
Interior Lighting - Time Clocks and
Timers 9.3% 75.0% 8 $0.20 - 0.05 $0.000
Water Heater - Faucet Aerators/Low
Flow Nozzles 3.0% 100.0% 9 $0.03 0.1 0.26 $0.044
Water Heater - Pipe Insulation 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.28 0.1 0.03 $0.295
Water Heater - High Efficiency
Circulation Pump 0.6% 25.0% 10 $0.11 1.6 1.30 $0.008
Water Heater - Tank
Blanket/Insulation 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.04 0.1 0.25 $0.043
Water Heater - Thermostat Setback 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.11 0.1 0.07 $0.147
Refrigeration - Anti-Sweat
Heater/Auto Door Closer 0.0% 100.0% 16 $0.20 0.0 0.03 $0.355
Refrigeration - Floating Head
Pressure 38.0% 60.0% 16 $0.35 - 0.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Door Gasket
Replacement 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.10 0.0 0.02 $0.662
Insulation - Bare Suction Lines 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.10 - - $0.000
Refrigeration - Night Covers 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.05 0.0 0.04 $0.495
Refrigeration - Strip Curtain 12.6% 56.3% 4 $0.00 0.0 15.67 $0.001
Vending Machine - Controller 2.0% 10.0% 10 $0.27 0.0 0.01 $0.684
LED Exit Lighting 91.2% 90.0% 10 $0.00 0.0 4.71 $0.006
Refrigeration - High Efficiency Case 24.0% 56.0% 6 $0.02 0.1 0.23 $0.061
834
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-70 www.enernoc.com
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Incremental
Cost
($/SqFt)
Savings
(kWh/SqFt)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Lighting
Exterior Lighting - Cold Cathode
Lighting 14.6% 50.0% 5 $0.00 0.3 18.50 $0.001
Laundry - High Efficiency Clothes
Washer 6.9% 10.0% 10 $0.00 0.0 5.06 $0.002
Interior Lighting - Hotel Guestroom
Controls 1.0% 2.0% 8 $0.14 0.1 0.05 $0.227
Miscellaneous - Energy Star Water
Cooler 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.00 0.0 0.29 $0.042
Interior Lighting - Skylights 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Ventilation - Demand Control
Ventilation 12.4% 15.0% 10 $0.04 - 0.53 $0.000
Office Equipment - Smart Power
Strips 15.4% 30.0% 7 $0.00 0.3 221.56 $0.000
Strategic Energy Management 0.0% 0.0% 3 $0.00 - 6.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Floating
section Pressure - Air-cooled Cond. 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex Controls -
Floating section Pressure - Evap.
Cond.
0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff. Air-
cooled Condenser 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff.
Water-cooled Condenser 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
RTU - Maintenance 27.0% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.2 0.19 $0.076
RTU - Evaporative Precooler 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.88 1.0 0.11 $0.073
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset 30.0% 100.0% 4 $0.18 0.3 0.09 $0.151
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow
System 30.0% 45.0% 10 $0.18 0.1 0.06 $0.168
Chiller - VSD 15.0% 88.2% 20 $1.17 0.6 0.05 $0.141
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling
Tower Fans 15.0% 43.5% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.00 $10.716
Chiller - Condenser Water
Temprature Reset 25.0% 100.0% 14 $0.18 0.3 0.14 $0.058
Cooling - Economizer Installation 44.3% 65.0% 15 $0.15 0.0 0.04 $0.517
Heat Pump - Maintenance 14.7% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.5 0.44 $0.034
Insulation - Ducting 8.0% 50.0% 20 $0.41 0.0 0.30 $15.903
Energy Management System 48.5% 100.0% 14 $0.35 2.9 0.81 $0.011
Cooking - Exhaust Hoods with Sensor
Control 1.0% 15.0% 10 $0.04 - - $0.000
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors 11.0% 100.0% 10 $0.05 0.1 0.19 $0.084
Fans - Variable Speed Control 2.0% 100.0% 10 $0.20 0.5 0.22 $0.051
Pumps - Variable Speed Control 5.0% 45.0% 10 $0.13 0.0 0.01 $1.313
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 33.0% 50.0% 11 $0.11 1.4 1.14 $0.009
Insulation - Ceiling 75.0% 90.0% 20 $0.35 0.0 0.31 $2.770
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 7.0% 25.0% 20 $0.26 0.0 0.30 $29.882
Roofs - High Reflectivity 5.0% 100.0% 15 $0.05 0.0 0.01 $2.520
Windows - High Efficiency 71.9% 100.0% 20 $0.88 0.0 0.30 $17.807
Interior Lighting - Central Lighting
Controls 85.7% 100.0% 8 $0.65 - - $0.000
Interior Lighting - Photocell
Controlled T8 Dimming Ballasts 0.9% 60.0% 8 $0.34 0.7 0.18 $0.068
Exterior Lighting - Daylighting
Controls 10.0% 25.0% 8 $0.19 - 0.00 $0.000

835
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-71
Table C-25 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data— Large Commercial, Existing
Vintage, Idaho
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Incremental
Cost
($/SqFt)
Savings
(kWh/SqFt)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
RTU - Maintenance 36.9% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.4 0.30 $0.044
RTU - Evaporative Precooler 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.88 1.3 0.12 $0.060
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset 15.0% 100.0% 4 $0.18 0.4 0.11 $0.120
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow
System 30.0% 45.0% 10 $0.18 0.1 0.04 $0.226
Chiller - VSD 15.0% 88.2% 20 $1.17 0.7 0.05 $0.117
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling
Tower Fans 15.0% 43.5% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.00 $11.820
Chiller - Condenser Water
Temprature Reset 18.5% 100.0% 14 $0.18 0.4 0.17 $0.046
Cooling - Economizer Installation 51.6% 65.0% 15 $0.15 0.2 0.14 $0.068
Heat Pump - Maintenance 28.1% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.8 0.61 $0.021
Insulation - Ducting 8.0% 100.0% 20 $0.41 0.0 0.30 $2.323
Repair and Sealing - Ducting 5.0% 50.0% 15 $0.38 0.0 0.31 $0.792
Energy Management System 45.9% 100.0% 14 $0.35 1.7 0.47 $0.019
Cooking - Exhaust Hoods with Sensor
Control 1.0% 15.0% 10 $0.04 - - $0.000
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors 11.0% 100.0% 10 $0.05 0.1 0.14 $0.072
Fans - Variable Speed Control 21.7% 100.0% 10 $0.20 0.6 0.27 $0.040
Retrocommissioning - HVAC 15.0% 100.0% 4 $0.30 0.1 0.31 $1.053
Pumps - Variable Speed Control 0.0% 45.0% 10 $0.13 0.0 0.01 $1.381
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 33.0% 50.0% 11 $0.11 0.6 0.44 $0.022
Insulation - Ceiling 9.0% 40.0% 20 $0.85 0.1 0.31 $0.599
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 7.0% 25.0% 20 $0.26 0.0 0.30 $1.652
Roofs - High Reflectivity 1.5% 100.0% 15 $0.08 0.0 0.02 $0.482
Windows - High Efficiency 71.9% 100.0% 20 $0.88 0.1 0.31 $0.833
Interior Lighting - Central Lighting
Controls 85.7% 100.0% 8 $0.65 0.3 0.03 $0.328
Interior Lighting - Photocell
Controlled T8 Dimming Ballasts 0.9% 60.0% 8 $0.45 0.8 0.15 $0.078
Exterior Lighting - Daylighting
Controls 1.6% 25.0% 8 $0.29 - 0.00 $0.000
Interior Fluorescent - Bi-Level Fixture
w/Occupancy Sensor 10.0% 30.0% 8 $0.40 0.3 0.07 $0.173
Interior Fluorescent - High Bay
Fixtures 15.4% 30.0% 11 $0.63 1.6 0.23 $0.042
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensors 23.2% 60.0% 8 $0.20 0.3 0.17 $0.101
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic
Installation 5.0% 25.0% 5 $0.92 - - $0.000
Interior Screw-in - Task Lighting 10.0% 100.0% 5 $0.24 0.1 0.02 $0.531
Interior Lighting - Time Clocks and
Timers 9.3% 75.0% 8 $0.20 0.1 0.09 $0.202
Water Heater - Faucet Aerators/Low
Flow Nozzles 47.9% 100.0% 9 $0.03 0.1 0.26 $0.042
Water Heater - Pipe Insulation 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.28 0.1 0.04 $0.185
Water Heater - High Efficiency
Circulation Pump 0.6% 25.0% 10 $0.11 1.6 1.30 $0.008
Water Heater - Tank
Blanket/Insulation 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.04 0.1 0.26 $0.041
Water Heater - Thermostat Setback 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.11 0.1 0.07 $0.141
Refrigeration - Anti-Sweat
Heater/Auto Door Closer 0.0% 100.0% 16 $0.20 0.1 0.02 $0.321
Refrigeration - Floating Head
Pressure 38.0% 60.0% 16 $0.35 - 0.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Door Gasket
Replacement 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.10 0.0 0.02 $0.463
Insulation - Bare Suction Lines 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.10 - - $0.000
Refrigeration - Night Covers 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.05 0.0 0.04 $0.449
Refrigeration - Strip Curtain 12.6% 56.3% 4 $0.00 0.0 18.97 $0.001
Vending Machine - Controller 2.0% 10.0% 10 $0.27 0.1 0.01 $0.596
836
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-72 www.enernoc.com
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Incremental
Cost
($/SqFt)
Savings
(kWh/SqFt)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
LED Exit Lighting 46.9% 90.0% 10 $0.00 0.0 3.00 $0.006
Retrocommissioning - Lighting 24.1% 100.0% 5 $0.05 0.3 0.33 $0.038
Refrigeration - High Efficiency Case
Lighting 12.0% 56.0% 6 $0.04 0.0 0.00 $5.412
Exterior Lighting - Cold Cathode
Lighting 14.6% 50.0% 5 $0.00 0.3 15.57 $0.001
Laundry - High Efficiency Clothes
Washer 6.9% 10.0% 10 $0.00 0.0 4.57 $0.002
Interior Lighting - Hotel Guestroom
Controls 1.0% 2.0% 8 $0.14 0.1 0.03 $0.224
Miscellaneous - Energy Star Water
Cooler 24.1% 100.0% 8 $0.00 0.0 0.26 $0.047
Interior Lighting - Skylights 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 0.4 1.00 $0.000
Ventilation - Demand Control
Ventilation 7.9% 15.0% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.53 $0.315
Office Equipment - Smart Power
Strips 15.4% 30.0% 7 $0.00 0.5 353.57 $0.000
Strategic Energy Management 0.0% 0.0% 3 $0.00 - 6.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Floating
section Pressure - Air-cooled Cond. 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex Controls -
Floating section Pressure - Evap.
Cond.
0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff. Air-
cooled Condenser 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff.
Water-cooled Condenser 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
RTU - Maintenance 36.9% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.4 0.30 $0.044
RTU - Evaporative Precooler 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.88 1.3 0.12 $0.060
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset 15.0% 100.0% 4 $0.18 0.4 0.11 $0.120
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow
System 30.0% 45.0% 10 $0.18 0.1 0.04 $0.226
Chiller - VSD 15.0% 88.2% 20 $1.17 0.7 0.05 $0.117
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling
Tower Fans 15.0% 43.5% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.00 $11.820
Chiller - Condenser Water
Temprature Reset 18.5% 100.0% 14 $0.18 0.4 0.17 $0.046
Cooling - Economizer Installation 51.6% 65.0% 15 $0.15 0.2 0.14 $0.068
Heat Pump - Maintenance 28.1% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.8 0.61 $0.021
Insulation - Ducting 8.0% 100.0% 20 $0.41 0.0 0.30 $2.323
Repair and Sealing - Ducting 5.0% 50.0% 15 $0.38 0.0 0.31 $0.792
Energy Management System 45.9% 100.0% 14 $0.35 1.7 0.47 $0.019
Cooking - Exhaust Hoods with Sensor
Control 1.0% 15.0% 10 $0.04 - - $0.000
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors 11.0% 100.0% 10 $0.05 0.1 0.14 $0.072
Fans - Variable Speed Control 21.7% 100.0% 10 $0.20 0.6 0.27 $0.040
Retrocommissioning - HVAC 15.0% 100.0% 4 $0.30 0.1 0.31 $1.053
Pumps - Variable Speed Control 0.0% 45.0% 10 $0.13 0.0 0.01 $1.381
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 33.0% 50.0% 11 $0.11 0.6 0.44 $0.022
Insulation - Ceiling 9.0% 40.0% 20 $0.85 0.1 0.31 $0.599
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 7.0% 25.0% 20 $0.26 0.0 0.30 $1.652

837
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-73
Table C-26 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data— Large Commercial, New Vintage, Idaho
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Incremental
Cost
($/SqFt)
Savings
(kWh/SqFt)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
RTU - Maintenance 27.0% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.2 0.19 $0.076
RTU - Evaporative Precooler 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.88 1.0 0.11 $0.073
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset 30.0% 100.0% 4 $0.18 0.3 0.10 $0.151
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow
System 30.0% 45.0% 10 $0.18 0.1 0.06 $0.168
Chiller - VSD 15.0% 88.2% 20 $1.17 0.6 0.05 $0.141
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling
Tower Fans 15.0% 43.5% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.00 $10.716
Chiller - Condenser Water
Temprature Reset 31.4% 100.0% 14 $0.18 0.3 0.15 $0.058
Cooling - Economizer Installation 44.3% 65.0% 15 $0.15 - 0.03 $0.000
Heat Pump - Maintenance 28.1% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.5 0.43 $0.034
Insulation - Ducting 8.0% 50.0% 20 $0.41 - 0.30 $0.000
Energy Management System 55.8% 100.0% 14 $0.35 1.6 0.47 $0.020
Cooking - Exhaust Hoods with Sensor
Control 1.0% 15.0% 10 $0.04 - - $0.000
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors 28.9% 100.0% 10 $0.05 0.1 0.17 $0.084
Fans - Variable Speed Control 47.3% 100.0% 10 $0.20 0.5 0.23 $0.051
Pumps - Variable Speed Control 5.0% 45.0% 10 $0.13 0.0 0.01 $1.313
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 33.0% 50.0% 11 $0.11 0.4 0.29 $0.033
Insulation - Ceiling 75.0% 90.0% 20 $0.35 - 0.30 $0.000
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 7.0% 25.0% 20 $0.26 - 0.30 $0.000
Roofs - High Reflectivity 5.0% 100.0% 15 $0.05 - 0.01 $0.000
Windows - High Efficiency 71.9% 100.0% 20 $0.88 - 0.30 $0.000
Interior Lighting - Central Lighting
Controls 85.7% 100.0% 8 $0.65 0.4 0.06 $0.213
Interior Lighting - Photocell
Controlled T8 Dimming Ballasts 0.9% 60.0% 8 $0.34 0.7 0.18 $0.068
Exterior Lighting - Daylighting
Controls 14.5% 25.0% 8 $0.19 1.7 0.75 $0.016
Interior Fluorescent - Bi-Level Fixture
w/Occupancy Sensor 10.0% 30.0% 8 $0.40 0.3 0.06 $0.201
Interior Fluorescent - High Bay
Fixtures 15.4% 30.0% 11 $0.63 1.4 0.21 $0.049
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensors 23.2% 60.0% 8 $0.20 0.4 0.24 $0.066
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic
Installation 5.0% 25.0% 5 $0.92 2.0 0.15 $0.100
Interior Screw-in - Task Lighting 10.0% 100.0% 5 $0.24 0.1 0.02 $0.538
Interior Lighting - Time Clocks and
Timers 15.2% 75.0% 8 $0.20 0.2 0.14 $0.131
Water Heater - Faucet Aerators/Low
Flow Nozzles 47.9% 100.0% 9 $0.03 0.1 0.26 $0.044
Water Heater - Pipe Insulation 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.28 0.1 0.03 $0.295
Water Heater - High Efficiency
Circulation Pump 0.6% 25.0% 10 $0.11 1.6 1.28 $0.008
Water Heater - Tank
Blanket/Insulation 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.04 0.1 0.25 $0.043
Water Heater - Thermostat Setback 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.11 0.1 0.07 $0.147
Refrigeration - Anti-Sweat
Heater/Auto Door Closer 0.0% 100.0% 16 $0.20 0.0 0.03 $0.355
Refrigeration - Floating Head
Pressure 38.0% 60.0% 16 $0.35 0.1 0.02 $0.330
Refrigeration - Door Gasket
Replacement 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.10 0.0 0.02 $0.662
Insulation - Bare Suction Lines 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.10 0.1 0.08 $0.163
Refrigeration - Night Covers 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.05 0.0 0.04 $0.495
Refrigeration - Strip Curtain 29.7% 56.3% 4 $0.00 0.0 15.63 $0.001
Vending Machine - Controller 2.0% 10.0% 10 $0.27 0.0 0.01 $0.684
LED Exit Lighting 91.2% 90.0% 10 $0.00 0.0 4.50 $0.006
Refrigeration - High Efficiency Case 24.0% 56.0% 6 $0.02 0.0 0.14 $0.102
838
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-74 www.enernoc.com
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Incremental
Cost
($/SqFt)
Savings
(kWh/SqFt)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Lighting
Exterior Lighting - Cold Cathode
Lighting 14.6% 50.0% 5 $0.00 0.3 18.13 $0.001
Laundry - High Efficiency Clothes
Washer 6.9% 10.0% 10 $0.00 0.0 5.03 $0.002
Interior Lighting - Hotel Guestroom
Controls 1.0% 2.0% 8 $0.14 0.1 0.05 $0.227
Miscellaneous - Energy Star Water
Cooler 11.9% 100.0% 8 $0.00 0.0 0.29 $0.042
Interior Lighting - Skylights 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 0.7 1.00 $0.000
Ventilation - Demand Control
Ventilation 15.0% 15.0% 10 $0.04 - 0.54 $0.000
Office Equipment - Smart Power
Strips 15.4% 30.0% 7 $0.00 0.3 219.97 $0.000
Strategic Energy Management 0.0% 0.0% 3 $0.00 - 6.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Floating
section Pressure - Air-cooled Cond. 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex Controls -
Floating section Pressure - Evap.
Cond.
0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff. Air-
cooled Condenser 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff.
Water-cooled Condenser 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
RTU - Maintenance 27.0% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.2 0.19 $0.076
RTU - Evaporative Precooler 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.88 1.0 0.11 $0.073
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset 30.0% 100.0% 4 $0.18 0.3 0.10 $0.151
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow
System 30.0% 45.0% 10 $0.18 0.1 0.06 $0.168
Chiller - VSD 15.0% 88.2% 20 $1.17 0.6 0.05 $0.141
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling
Tower Fans 15.0% 43.5% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.00 $10.716
Chiller - Condenser Water
Temprature Reset 31.4% 100.0% 14 $0.18 0.3 0.15 $0.058
Cooling - Economizer Installation 44.3% 65.0% 15 $0.15 - 0.03 $0.000
Heat Pump - Maintenance 28.1% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.5 0.43 $0.034
Insulation - Ducting 8.0% 50.0% 20 $0.41 - 0.30 $0.000
Energy Management System 55.8% 100.0% 14 $0.35 1.6 0.47 $0.020
Cooking - Exhaust Hoods with Sensor
Control 1.0% 15.0% 10 $0.04 - - $0.000
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors 28.9% 100.0% 10 $0.05 0.1 0.17 $0.084
Fans - Variable Speed Control 47.3% 100.0% 10 $0.20 0.5 0.23 $0.051
Pumps - Variable Speed Control 5.0% 45.0% 10 $0.13 0.0 0.01 $1.313
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 33.0% 50.0% 11 $0.11 0.4 0.29 $0.033
Insulation - Ceiling 75.0% 90.0% 20 $0.35 - 0.30 $0.000
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 7.0% 25.0% 20 $0.26 - 0.30 $0.000
Roofs - High Reflectivity 5.0% 100.0% 15 $0.05 - 0.01 $0.000
Windows - High Efficiency 71.9% 100.0% 20 $0.88 - 0.30 $0.000
Interior Lighting - Central Lighting
Controls 85.7% 100.0% 8 $0.65 0.4 0.06 $0.213
Interior Lighting - Photocell
Controlled T8 Dimming Ballasts 0.9% 60.0% 8 $0.34 0.7 0.18 $0.068
Exterior Lighting - Daylighting
Controls 14.5% 25.0% 8 $0.19 1.7 0.75 $0.016

839
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-75
Table C-27 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data— Extra Large Commercial, Existing
Vintage, Washington
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Incremental
Cost
($/SqFt)
Savings
(kWh/SqFt)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
RTU - Maintenance 47.0% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.3 0.27 $0.050
RTU - Evaporative Precooler 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.88 1.1 0.12 $0.068
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset 30.0% 100.0% 4 $0.09 0.3 0.19 $0.072
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow
System 30.0% 45.0% 10 $0.09 0.1 0.11 $0.097
Chiller - VSD 3.0% 100.0% 20 $1.17 0.7 0.07 $0.118
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling
Tower Fans 25.0% 73.7% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.00 $12.451
Chiller - Condenser Water
Temprature Reset 31.4% 100.0% 14 $0.09 0.3 0.32 $0.024
Cooling - Economizer Installation 73.4% 90.0% 15 $0.15 0.0 0.03 $0.577
Heat Pump - Maintenance 5.0% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.4 0.30 $0.043
Insulation - Ducting 2.0% 100.0% 20 $0.41 0.1 0.33 $0.274
Repair and Sealing - Ducting 5.0% 50.0% 15 $0.38 0.3 0.39 $0.099
Energy Management System 81.3% 100.0% 14 $0.35 4.1 1.10 $0.008
Cooking - Exhaust Hoods with Sensor
Control 1.0% 10.0% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.10 $0.103
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors 11.0% 100.0% 10 $0.05 0.1 0.17 $0.061
Fans - Variable Speed Control 2.0% 100.0% 10 $0.20 0.6 0.29 $0.037
Retrocommissioning - HVAC 15.0% 100.0% 4 $0.20 0.2 0.36 $0.268
Pumps - Variable Speed Control 1.0% 45.0% 10 $0.44 0.0 0.00 $7.933
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 25.0% 50.0% 11 $0.11 2.1 1.71 $0.006
Insulation - Ceiling 2.0% 90.0% 20 $0.85 0.2 0.33 $0.265
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 2.0% 25.0% 20 $0.26 0.0 0.32 $0.426
Roofs - High Reflectivity 0.0% 100.0% 15 $0.18 0.0 0.02 $0.687
Windows - High Efficiency 94.6% 100.0% 20 $2.10 0.1 0.30 $1.632
Interior Lighting - Central Lighting
Controls 78.1% 100.0% 8 $0.65 0.0 0.00 $3.005
Interior Lighting - Photocell
Controlled T8 Dimming Ballasts 2.5% 60.0% 8 $0.40 0.5 0.11 $0.105
Exterior Lighting - Daylighting
Controls 1.6% 20.0% 8 $0.29 0.3 0.06 $0.135
Interior Fluorescent - Bi-Level Fixture
w/Occupancy Sensor 10.0% 30.0% 8 $0.20 0.2 0.09 $0.131
Interior Fluorescent - High Bay
Fixtures 10.0% 30.0% 11 $0.56 1.1 0.18 $0.056
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensors 41.7% 60.0% 8 $0.20 0.0 0.07 $0.925
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic
Installation 5.0% 25.0% 5 $0.92 0.4 0.02 $0.549
Interior Screw-in - Task Lighting 5.0% 100.0% 5 $0.24 0.1 0.03 $0.366
Interior Lighting - Time Clocks and
Timers 12.1% 75.0% 8 $0.20 0.0 0.05 $1.849
Water Heater - Faucet Aerators/Low
Flow Nozzles 47.3% 100.0% 9 $0.03 0.1 0.43 $0.026
Water Heater - Pipe Insulation 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.28 0.2 0.07 $0.115
Water Heater - High Efficiency
Circulation Pump 0.6% 25.0% 10 $0.11 2.6 2.11 $0.005
Water Heater - Tank
Blanket/Insulation 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.04 0.2 0.41 $0.026
Water Heater - Thermostat Setback 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.11 0.1 0.12 $0.088
Refrigeration - Anti-Sweat
Heater/Auto Door Closer 10.0% 100.0% 16 $0.20 0.0 0.01 $1.098
Refrigeration - Floating Head
Pressure 10.0% 50.0% 16 $0.35 0.0 0.00 $2.158
Refrigeration - Door Gasket
Replacement 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.10 0.0 0.02 $0.505
Insulation - Bare Suction Lines 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.10 0.0 0.01 $1.067
Refrigeration - Night Covers 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.05 0.0 0.06 $0.239
Refrigeration - Strip Curtain 12.6% 56.3% 4 $0.00 0.0 3.75 $0.004
Vending Machine - Controller 2.0% 10.0% 10 $0.27 0.1 0.01 $0.566
840
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-76 www.enernoc.com
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Incremental
Cost
($/SqFt)
Savings
(kWh/SqFt)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
LED Exit Lighting 46.9% 90.0% 10 $0.00 0.0 4.54 $0.004
Retrocommissioning - Lighting 5.0% 100.0% 5 $0.05 0.1 0.09 $0.118
Refrigeration - High Efficiency Case
Lighting 12.0% 56.0% 6 $0.04 0.2 0.34 $0.043
Exterior Lighting - Cold Cathode
Lighting 14.6% 50.0% 5 $0.00 0.4 19.92 $0.000
Laundry - High Efficiency Clothes
Washer 6.9% 10.0% 10 $0.00 0.0 2.68 $0.004
Interior Lighting - Hotel Guestroom
Controls 0.0% 0.0% 8 $0.14 0.1 0.06 $0.154
Miscellaneous - Energy Star Water
Cooler 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.00 0.0 0.15 $0.080
Interior Lighting - Skylights 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 0.0 1.00 $0.000
Ventilation - Demand Control
Ventilation 1.0% 10.0% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.13 $0.415
Office Equipment - Smart Power
Strips 15.4% 30.0% 7 $0.00 0.3 207.83 $0.000
Strategic Energy Management 0.0% 0.0% 3 $0.00 - 6.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Floating
section Pressure - Air-cooled Cond. 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex Controls -
Floating section Pressure - Evap.
Cond.
0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff. Air-
cooled Condenser 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff.
Water-cooled Condenser 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
RTU - Maintenance 47.0% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.3 0.27 $0.050
RTU - Evaporative Precooler 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.88 1.1 0.12 $0.068
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset 30.0% 100.0% 4 $0.09 0.3 0.19 $0.072
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow
System 30.0% 45.0% 10 $0.09 0.1 0.11 $0.097
Chiller - VSD 3.0% 100.0% 20 $1.17 0.7 0.07 $0.118
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling
Tower Fans 25.0% 73.7% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.00 $12.451
Chiller - Condenser Water
Temprature Reset 31.4% 100.0% 14 $0.09 0.3 0.32 $0.024
Cooling - Economizer Installation 73.4% 90.0% 15 $0.15 0.0 0.03 $0.577
Heat Pump - Maintenance 5.0% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.4 0.30 $0.043
Insulation - Ducting 2.0% 100.0% 20 $0.41 0.1 0.33 $0.274
Repair and Sealing - Ducting 5.0% 50.0% 15 $0.38 0.3 0.39 $0.099
Energy Management System 81.3% 100.0% 14 $0.35 4.1 1.10 $0.008
Cooking - Exhaust Hoods with Sensor
Control 1.0% 10.0% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.10 $0.103
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors 11.0% 100.0% 10 $0.05 0.1 0.17 $0.061
Fans - Variable Speed Control 2.0% 100.0% 10 $0.20 0.6 0.29 $0.037
Retrocommissioning - HVAC 15.0% 100.0% 4 $0.20 0.2 0.36 $0.268
Pumps - Variable Speed Control 1.0% 45.0% 10 $0.44 0.0 0.00 $7.933
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 25.0% 50.0% 11 $0.11 2.1 1.71 $0.006
Insulation - Ceiling 2.0% 90.0% 20 $0.85 0.2 0.33 $0.265
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 2.0% 25.0% 20 $0.26 0.0 0.32 $0.426

841
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-77
Table C-28 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data— Extra Large Commercial, New
Vintage, Washington
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Incremental
Cost
($/SqFt)
Savings
(kWh/SqFt)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
RTU - Maintenance 47.0% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.2 0.17 $0.086
RTU - Evaporative Precooler 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.88 0.9 0.11 $0.082
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset 60.0% 100.0% 4 $0.09 0.3 0.16 $0.091
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow
System 30.0% 45.0% 10 $0.09 0.1 0.08 $0.127
Chiller - VSD 3.0% 100.0% 20 $1.17 0.6 0.06 $0.138
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling
Tower Fans 25.0% 73.7% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.00 $11.601
Chiller - Condenser Water
Temprature Reset 57.1% 100.0% 14 $0.09 0.3 0.34 $0.030
Cooling - Economizer Installation 73.4% 90.0% 15 $0.15 - 0.02 $0.000
Heat Pump - Maintenance 5.0% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.2 0.18 $0.082
Insulation - Ducting 2.0% 50.0% 20 $0.41 - 0.31 $0.000
Energy Management System 80.0% 100.0% 14 $0.35 2.7 0.78 $0.012
Cooking - Exhaust Hoods with Sensor
Control 1.0% 10.0% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.10 $0.117
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors 11.0% 100.0% 10 $0.05 0.1 0.16 $0.070
Fans - Variable Speed Control 2.0% 100.0% 10 $0.20 0.6 0.31 $0.037
Pumps - Variable Speed Control 1.0% 45.0% 10 $0.44 0.0 0.00 $7.545
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 25.0% 50.0% 11 $0.11 2.0 1.61 $0.006
Insulation - Ceiling 2.0% 90.0% 20 $0.35 - 0.31 $0.000
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 2.0% 25.0% 20 $0.26 - 0.30 $0.000
Roofs - High Reflectivity 5.0% 100.0% 15 $0.18 - 0.01 $0.000
Windows - High Efficiency 94.6% 100.0% 20 $1.69 - 0.30 $0.000
Interior Lighting - Central Lighting
Controls 78.1% 100.0% 8 $0.65 - - $0.000
Interior Lighting - Photocell
Controlled T8 Dimming Ballasts 2.5% 60.0% 8 $0.30 0.5 0.14 $0.086
Exterior Lighting - Daylighting
Controls 10.0% 20.0% 8 $0.19 - 0.00 $0.000
Interior Fluorescent - Bi-Level Fixture
w/Occupancy Sensor 10.0% 30.0% 8 $0.20 0.2 0.09 $0.143
Interior Fluorescent - High Bay
Fixtures 10.0% 30.0% 11 $0.56 1.0 0.17 $0.061
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensors 41.7% 60.0% 8 $0.20 - 0.06 $0.000
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic
Installation 5.0% 25.0% 5 $0.92 - - $0.000
Interior Screw-in - Task Lighting 25.0% 100.0% 5 $0.24 0.1 0.04 $0.376
Interior Lighting - Time Clocks and
Timers 12.1% 75.0% 8 $0.20 - 0.04 $0.000
Water Heater - Faucet Aerators/Low
Flow Nozzles 47.3% 100.0% 9 $0.03 0.1 0.43 $0.027
Water Heater - Pipe Insulation 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.28 0.1 0.05 $0.180
Water Heater - High Efficiency
Circulation Pump 0.6% 25.0% 10 $0.11 2.5 2.10 $0.005
Water Heater - Tank
Blanket/Insulation 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.04 0.1 0.21 $0.052
Water Heater - Thermostat Setback 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.11 0.1 0.12 $0.090
Refrigeration - Anti-Sweat
Heater/Auto Door Closer 10.0% 100.0% 16 $0.20 0.0 0.01 $1.217
Refrigeration - Floating Head
Pressure 10.0% 50.0% 16 $0.35 0.2 0.04 $0.188
Refrigeration - Door Gasket
Replacement 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.10 0.0 0.02 $0.721
Insulation - Bare Suction Lines 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.10 0.2 0.13 $0.093
Refrigeration - Night Covers 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.05 0.0 0.06 $0.263
Refrigeration - Strip Curtain 29.7% 56.3% 4 $0.00 0.0 3.12 $0.005
Vending Machine - Controller 2.0% 10.0% 10 $0.27 0.0 0.01 $0.784
LED Exit Lighting 91.2% 90.0% 10 $0.00 0.0 5.08 $0.004
Refrigeration - High Efficiency Case 26.1% 56.0% 6 $0.02 0.1 0.87 $0.041
842
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-78 www.enernoc.com
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Incremental
Cost
($/SqFt)
Savings
(kWh/SqFt)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Lighting
Exterior Lighting - Cold Cathode
Lighting 14.6% 50.0% 5 $0.00 0.3 22.34 $0.001
Laundry - High Efficiency Clothes
Washer 6.9% 10.0% 10 $0.00 0.0 2.95 $0.004
Interior Lighting - Hotel Guestroom
Controls 0.0% 0.0% 8 $0.14 0.1 0.07 $0.158
Miscellaneous - Energy Star Water
Cooler 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.00 0.0 0.17 $0.073
Interior Lighting - Skylights 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Ventilation - Demand Control
Ventilation 5.9% 10.0% 10 $0.04 - 0.11 $0.000
Office Equipment - Smart Power
Strips 15.4% 30.0% 7 $0.00 0.3 219.19 $0.000
Strategic Energy Management 0.0% 0.0% 3 $0.00 - 6.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Floating
section Pressure - Air-cooled Cond. 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex Controls -
Floating section Pressure - Evap.
Cond.
0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff. Air-
cooled Condenser 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff.
Water-cooled Condenser 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
RTU - Maintenance 47.0% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.2 0.17 $0.086
RTU - Evaporative Precooler 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.88 0.9 0.11 $0.082
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset 60.0% 100.0% 4 $0.09 0.3 0.16 $0.091
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow
System 30.0% 45.0% 10 $0.09 0.1 0.08 $0.127
Chiller - VSD 3.0% 100.0% 20 $1.17 0.6 0.06 $0.138
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling
Tower Fans 25.0% 73.7% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.00 $11.601
Chiller - Condenser Water
Temprature Reset 57.1% 100.0% 14 $0.09 0.3 0.34 $0.030
Cooling - Economizer Installation 73.4% 90.0% 15 $0.15 - 0.02 $0.000
Heat Pump - Maintenance 5.0% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.2 0.18 $0.082
Insulation - Ducting 2.0% 50.0% 20 $0.41 - 0.31 $0.000
Energy Management System 80.0% 100.0% 14 $0.35 2.7 0.78 $0.012
Cooking - Exhaust Hoods with Sensor
Control 1.0% 10.0% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.10 $0.117
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors 11.0% 100.0% 10 $0.05 0.1 0.16 $0.070
Fans - Variable Speed Control 2.0% 100.0% 10 $0.20 0.6 0.31 $0.037
Pumps - Variable Speed Control 1.0% 45.0% 10 $0.44 0.0 0.00 $7.545
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 25.0% 50.0% 11 $0.11 2.0 1.61 $0.006
Insulation - Ceiling 2.0% 90.0% 20 $0.35 - 0.31 $0.000
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 2.0% 25.0% 20 $0.26 - 0.30 $0.000
Roofs - High Reflectivity 5.0% 100.0% 15 $0.18 - 0.01 $0.000
Windows - High Efficiency 94.6% 100.0% 20 $1.69 - 0.30 $0.000
Interior Lighting - Central Lighting
Controls 78.1% 100.0% 8 $0.65 - - $0.000
Interior Lighting - Photocell
Controlled T8 Dimming Ballasts 2.5% 60.0% 8 $0.30 0.5 0.14 $0.086
Exterior Lighting - Daylighting
Controls 10.0% 20.0% 8 $0.19 - 0.00 $0.000

843
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-79
Table C-29 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data— Extra Large Commercial, Existing
Vintage, Idaho
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Incremental
Cost
($/SqFt)
Savings
(kWh/SqFt)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
RTU - Maintenance 54.2% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.3 0.26 $0.050
RTU - Evaporative Precooler 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.88 1.1 0.12 $0.068
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset 36.0% 100.0% 4 $0.09 0.3 0.19 $0.072
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow
System 30.0% 45.0% 10 $0.09 0.1 0.11 $0.097
Chiller - VSD 3.0% 100.0% 20 $1.17 0.7 0.06 $0.118
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling
Tower Fans 25.0% 73.7% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.00 $12.451
Chiller - Condenser Water
Temprature Reset 31.4% 100.0% 14 $0.09 0.3 0.37 $0.025
Cooling - Economizer Installation 73.4% 90.0% 15 $0.15 0.0 0.02 $1.832
Heat Pump - Maintenance 24.1% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.8 0.66 $0.021
Insulation - Ducting 2.0% 100.0% 20 $0.41 0.0 0.32 $0.695
Repair and Sealing - Ducting 5.0% 50.0% 15 $0.38 0.1 0.34 $0.240
Energy Management System 82.8% 100.0% 14 $0.35 2.9 0.78 $0.011
Cooking - Exhaust Hoods with Sensor
Control 1.0% 10.0% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.11 $0.098
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors 11.0% 100.0% 10 $0.05 0.1 0.17 $0.061
Fans - Variable Speed Control 21.7% 100.0% 10 $0.20 0.6 0.29 $0.037
Retrocommissioning - HVAC 15.0% 100.0% 4 $0.20 0.1 0.32 $0.714
Pumps - Variable Speed Control 1.0% 45.0% 10 $0.44 0.0 0.00 $7.933
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 25.0% 50.0% 11 $0.11 1.3 1.02 $0.010
Insulation - Ceiling 2.0% 90.0% 20 $0.85 0.1 0.32 $0.687
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 2.0% 25.0% 20 $0.26 0.0 0.31 $1.057
Roofs - High Reflectivity 0.0% 100.0% 15 $0.18 0.0 0.02 $2.179
Windows - High Efficiency 94.6% 100.0% 20 $2.10 0.0 0.30 $3.948
Interior Lighting - Central Lighting
Controls 78.1% 100.0% 8 $0.65 - - $0.000
Interior Lighting - Photocell
Controlled T8 Dimming Ballasts 2.5% 60.0% 8 $0.40 0.5 0.11 $0.105
Exterior Lighting - Daylighting
Controls 1.6% 20.0% 8 $0.29 - 0.00 $0.000
Interior Fluorescent - Bi-Level Fixture
w/Occupancy Sensor 10.0% 30.0% 8 $0.20 0.2 0.09 $0.131
Interior Fluorescent - High Bay
Fixtures 11.4% 30.0% 11 $0.56 1.1 0.17 $0.056
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensors 43.5% 60.0% 8 $0.20 - 0.06 $0.000
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic
Installation 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - - $0.000
Interior Screw-in - Task Lighting 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - - $0.000
Interior Lighting - Time Clocks and
Timers 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - - $0.000
Water Heater - Faucet Aerators/Low
Flow Nozzles 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - - $0.000
Water Heater - Pipe Insulation 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - - $0.000
Water Heater - High Efficiency
Circulation Pump 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - - $0.000
Water Heater - Tank
Blanket/Insulation 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - - $0.000
Water Heater - Thermostat Setback 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - - $0.000
Refrigeration - Anti-Sweat
Heater/Auto Door Closer 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - - $0.000
Refrigeration - Floating Head
Pressure 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - - $0.000
Refrigeration - Door Gasket
Replacement 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - - $0.000
Insulation - Bare Suction Lines 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - - $0.000
Refrigeration - Night Covers 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - - $0.000
Refrigeration - Strip Curtain 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - - $0.000
Vending Machine - Controller 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - - $0.000
844
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-80 www.enernoc.com
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Incremental
Cost
($/SqFt)
Savings
(kWh/SqFt)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
LED Exit Lighting 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - - $0.000
Retrocommissioning - Lighting 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - - $0.000
Refrigeration - High Efficiency Case
Lighting 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - - $0.000
Exterior Lighting - Cold Cathode
Lighting 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - - $0.000
Laundry - High Efficiency Clothes
Washer 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - - $0.000
Interior Lighting - Hotel Guestroom
Controls 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - - $0.000
Miscellaneous - Energy Star Water
Cooler 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - - $0.000
Interior Lighting - Skylights 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - - $0.000
Ventilation - Demand Control
Ventilation 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - - $0.000
Office Equipment - Smart Power
Strips 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - - $0.000
Strategic Energy Management 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - - $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Floating
section Pressure - Air-cooled Cond. 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - - $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex Controls -
Floating section Pressure - Evap.
Cond.
0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - - $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff. Air-
cooled Condenser 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - - $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff.
Water-cooled Condenser 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - - $0.000
RTU - Maintenance 54.2% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.3 0.26 $0.050
RTU - Evaporative Precooler 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.88 1.1 0.12 $0.068
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset 36.0% 100.0% 4 $0.09 0.3 0.19 $0.072
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow
System 30.0% 45.0% 10 $0.09 0.1 0.11 $0.097
Chiller - VSD 3.0% 100.0% 20 $1.17 0.7 0.06 $0.118
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling
Tower Fans 25.0% 73.7% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.00 $12.451
Chiller - Condenser Water
Temprature Reset 31.4% 100.0% 14 $0.09 0.3 0.37 $0.025
Cooling - Economizer Installation 73.4% 90.0% 15 $0.15 0.0 0.02 $1.832
Heat Pump - Maintenance 24.1% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.8 0.66 $0.021
Insulation - Ducting 2.0% 100.0% 20 $0.41 0.0 0.32 $0.695
Repair and Sealing - Ducting 5.0% 50.0% 15 $0.38 0.1 0.34 $0.240
Energy Management System 82.8% 100.0% 14 $0.35 2.9 0.78 $0.011
Cooking - Exhaust Hoods with Sensor
Control 1.0% 10.0% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.11 $0.098
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors 11.0% 100.0% 10 $0.05 0.1 0.17 $0.061
Fans - Variable Speed Control 21.7% 100.0% 10 $0.20 0.6 0.29 $0.037
Retrocommissioning - HVAC 15.0% 100.0% 4 $0.20 0.1 0.32 $0.714
Pumps - Variable Speed Control 1.0% 45.0% 10 $0.44 0.0 0.00 $7.933
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 25.0% 50.0% 11 $0.11 1.3 1.02 $0.010
Insulation - Ceiling 2.0% 90.0% 20 $0.85 0.1 0.32 $0.687
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 2.0% 25.0% 20 $0.26 0.0 0.31 $1.057

845
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-81
Table C-30 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data— Extra Large Commercial, New
Vintage, Idaho
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Incremental
Cost
($/SqFt)
Savings
(kWh/SqFt)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
RTU - Maintenance 48.7% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.2 0.17 $0.086
RTU - Evaporative Precooler 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.88 0.9 0.11 $0.082
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset 60.0% 100.0% 4 $0.09 0.3 0.17 $0.091
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow
System 30.0% 45.0% 10 $0.09 0.1 0.09 $0.127
Chiller - VSD 3.0% 100.0% 20 $1.17 0.6 0.06 $0.138
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling
Tower Fans 25.0% 73.7% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.00 $11.601
Chiller - Condenser Water
Temprature Reset 57.1% 100.0% 14 $0.09 0.3 0.37 $0.030
Cooling - Economizer Installation 73.4% 90.0% 15 $0.15 - 0.02 $0.000
Heat Pump - Maintenance 24.1% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.6 0.58 $0.026
Insulation - Ducting 4.6% 50.0% 20 $0.41 0.3 0.38 $0.088
Energy Management System 82.8% 100.0% 14 $0.35 2.5 0.73 $0.013
Cooking - Exhaust Hoods with Sensor
Control 1.0% 10.0% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.10 $0.111
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors 28.9% 100.0% 10 $0.05 0.1 0.18 $0.070
Fans - Variable Speed Control 47.3% 100.0% 10 $0.20 0.6 0.31 $0.037
Pumps - Variable Speed Control 1.0% 45.0% 10 $0.44 0.0 0.00 $7.545
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 30.3% 50.0% 11 $0.11 1.6 1.33 $0.007
Insulation - Ceiling 14.5% 90.0% 20 $0.35 0.4 0.43 $0.056
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 5.5% 25.0% 20 $0.26 0.9 0.62 $0.021
Roofs - High Reflectivity 5.0% 100.0% 15 $0.18 - 0.01 $0.000
Windows - High Efficiency 94.6% 100.0% 20 $1.69 1.1 0.36 $0.106
Interior Lighting - Central Lighting
Controls 82.5% 100.0% 8 $0.65 3.0 0.39 $0.031
Interior Lighting - Photocell
Controlled T8 Dimming Ballasts 2.5% 60.0% 8 $0.30 0.5 0.14 $0.086
Exterior Lighting - Daylighting
Controls 10.0% 20.0% 8 $0.19 0.3 0.16 $0.079
Interior Fluorescent - Bi-Level Fixture
w/Occupancy Sensor 10.0% 30.0% 8 $0.20 0.2 0.09 $0.143
Interior Fluorescent - High Bay
Fixtures 10.8% 30.0% 11 $0.56 1.0 0.17 $0.061
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensors 48.7% 60.0% 8 $0.20 3.0 1.32 $0.009
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic
Installation 5.0% 25.0% 5 $0.92 0.4 0.03 $0.481
Interior Screw-in - Task Lighting 25.0% 100.0% 5 $0.24 0.1 0.04 $0.376
Interior Lighting - Time Clocks and
Timers 25.4% 75.0% 8 $0.20 1.5 0.67 $0.019
Water Heater - Faucet Aerators/Low
Flow Nozzles 47.3% 100.0% 9 $0.03 0.1 0.44 $0.027
Water Heater - Pipe Insulation 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.28 0.1 0.05 $0.180
Water Heater - High Efficiency
Circulation Pump 0.6% 25.0% 10 $0.11 2.5 2.16 $0.005
Water Heater - Tank
Blanket/Insulation 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.04 0.1 0.21 $0.052
Water Heater - Thermostat Setback 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.11 0.1 0.12 $0.090
Refrigeration - Anti-Sweat
Heater/Auto Door Closer 0.0% 100.0% 16 $0.20 0.0 0.01 $1.217
Refrigeration - Floating Head
Pressure 10.0% 50.0% 16 $0.35 0.5 0.13 $0.063
Refrigeration - Door Gasket
Replacement 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.10 0.0 0.02 $0.721
Insulation - Bare Suction Lines 18.5% 100.0% 8 $0.10 0.5 0.39 $0.031
Refrigeration - Night Covers 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.05 0.0 0.06 $0.263
Refrigeration - Strip Curtain 29.7% 56.3% 4 $0.00 0.0 3.11 $0.005
Vending Machine - Controller 2.0% 10.0% 10 $0.27 0.0 0.01 $0.784
LED Exit Lighting 91.2% 90.0% 10 $0.00 0.0 5.56 $0.004
Refrigeration - High Efficiency Case 24.0% 56.0% 6 $0.02 0.0 0.09 $0.170
846
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-82 www.enernoc.com
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Incremental
Cost
($/SqFt)
Savings
(kWh/SqFt)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Lighting
Exterior Lighting - Cold Cathode
Lighting 14.6% 50.0% 5 $0.00 0.3 23.65 $0.001
Laundry - High Efficiency Clothes
Washer 6.9% 10.0% 10 $0.00 0.0 2.93 $0.004
Interior Lighting - Hotel Guestroom
Controls 1.0% 2.0% 8 $0.14 0.1 0.08 $0.158
Miscellaneous - Energy Star Water
Cooler 5.0% 100.0% 8 $0.00 0.0 0.17 $0.073
Interior Lighting - Skylights 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 4.5 1.00 $0.000
Ventilation - Demand Control
Ventilation 10.2% 10.0% 10 $0.04 0.6 1.34 $0.009
Office Equipment - Smart Power
Strips 15.4% 30.0% 7 $0.00 0.3 232.67 $0.000
Strategic Energy Management 0.0% 0.0% 3 $0.00 - 6.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Floating
section Pressure - Air-cooled Cond. 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex Controls -
Floating section Pressure - Evap.
Cond.
0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff. Air-
cooled Condenser 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff.
Water-cooled Condenser 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
RTU - Maintenance 48.7% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.2 0.17 $0.086
RTU - Evaporative Precooler 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.88 0.9 0.11 $0.082
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset 60.0% 100.0% 4 $0.09 0.3 0.17 $0.091
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow
System 30.0% 45.0% 10 $0.09 0.1 0.09 $0.127
Chiller - VSD 3.0% 100.0% 20 $1.17 0.6 0.06 $0.138
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling
Tower Fans 25.0% 73.7% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.00 $11.601
Chiller - Condenser Water
Temprature Reset 57.1% 100.0% 14 $0.09 0.3 0.37 $0.030
Cooling - Economizer Installation 73.4% 90.0% 15 $0.15 - 0.02 $0.000
Heat Pump - Maintenance 24.1% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.6 0.58 $0.026
Insulation - Ducting 4.6% 50.0% 20 $0.41 0.3 0.38 $0.088
Energy Management System 82.8% 100.0% 14 $0.35 2.5 0.73 $0.013
Cooking - Exhaust Hoods with Sensor
Control 1.0% 10.0% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.10 $0.111
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors 28.9% 100.0% 10 $0.05 0.1 0.18 $0.070
Fans - Variable Speed Control 47.3% 100.0% 10 $0.20 0.6 0.31 $0.037
Pumps - Variable Speed Control 1.0% 45.0% 10 $0.44 0.0 0.00 $7.545
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 30.3% 50.0% 11 $0.11 1.6 1.33 $0.007
Insulation - Ceiling 14.5% 90.0% 20 $0.35 0.4 0.43 $0.056
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 5.5% 25.0% 20 $0.26 0.9 0.62 $0.021
Roofs - High Reflectivity 5.0% 100.0% 15 $0.18 - 0.01 $0.000
Windows - High Efficiency 94.6% 100.0% 20 $1.69 1.1 0.36 $0.106
Interior Lighting - Central Lighting
Controls 82.5% 100.0% 8 $0.65 3.0 0.39 $0.031
Interior Lighting - Photocell
Controlled T8 Dimming Ballasts 2.5% 60.0% 8 $0.30 0.5 0.14 $0.086
Exterior Lighting - Daylighting
Controls 10.0% 20.0% 8 $0.19 0.3 0.16 $0.079

847
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-83
Table C-31 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data— Extra Large Industrial, Existing
Vintage, Washington
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Incremental
Cost
($/SqFt)
Savings
(kWh/SqFt)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Refrigeration - System Controls 5.0% 45.0% 10 $0.40 0.2 0.06 $0.198
Refrigeration - System Maintenance 13.6% 45.0% 10 $0.00 0.1 7.74 $0.001
Refrigeration - System Optimization 5.0% 45.0% 10 $0.80 0.2 0.03 $0.396
Motors - Variable Frequency Drive 25.0% 50.0% 10 $0.10 - 0.00 $0.000
Motors - Magnetic Adjustable Speed
Drives 20.0% 25.0% 10 $0.10 - 0.02 $0.000
Compressed Air - System Controls 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.01 - 0.08 $0.000
Compressed Air - System
Optimization and Improvements 35.0% 75.0% 10 $0.20 - 0.01 $0.000
Compressed Air - System
Maintenance 0.0% 0.0% 3 $0.03 - - $0.000
Compressed Air - Compressor
Replacement 14.6% 17.1% 10 $0.06 - 0.02 $0.000
Fan System - Controls 7.8% 8.2% 10 $0.01 0.0 0.37 $0.036
Fan System - Optimization 6.6% 8.9% 10 $0.13 0.2 0.15 $0.085
Fan System - Maintenance 3.0% 11.3% 3 $0.01 0.0 0.07 $0.251
Pumping System - Controls 6.9% 9.3% 10 $0.01 - 0.02 $0.000
Pumping System - Optimization 6.7% 9.0% 10 $0.28 - 0.01 $0.000
Pumping System - Maintenance 1.5% 10.1% 3 $0.02 - - $0.000
RTU - Maintenance 21.9% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.4 0.29 $0.045
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset 30.0% 100.0% 4 $0.09 0.4 0.22 $0.062
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow
System 30.0% 45.0% 10 $0.20 0.1 0.04 $0.236
Chiller - VSD 15.0% 89.0% 20 $1.17 0.8 0.06 $0.105
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling
Tower Fans 25.0% 100.0% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.00 $9.998
Chiller - Condenser Water
Temprature Reset 0.0% 100.0% 14 $0.20 0.4 0.17 $0.045
Cooling - Economizer Installation 29.1% 45.0% 15 $0.15 0.1 0.03 $0.211
Heat Pump - Maintenance 21.7% 100.0% 4 $0.03 1.1 1.82 $0.007
Insulation - Ducting 11.8% 100.0% 20 $0.41 0.0 0.31 $4.048
Repair and Sealing - Ducting 5.0% 50.0% 15 $0.38 0.0 0.31 $1.794
Energy Management System 11.0% 100.0% 14 $0.35 4.3 1.10 $0.007
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.14 0.1 0.07 $0.159
Fans - Variable Speed Control 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.20 0.4 0.17 $0.057
Retrocommissioning - HVAC 1.4% 93.3% 4 $0.25 0.0 0.31 $2.167
Pumps - Variable Speed Control 0.1% 0.0% 10 $0.44 - 0.00 $0.000
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 59.0% 70.0% 11 $0.11 2.0 1.71 $0.006
Interior Lighting - Central Lighting
Controls 83.7% 100.0% 8 $0.65 0.0 0.00 $22.297
Exterior Lighting - Daylighting
Controls 1.6% 53.6% 8 $0.08 - 0.00 $0.000
Interior Fluorescent - High Bay
Fixtures 19.1% 50.0% 11 $0.20 1.7 0.59 $0.013
LED Exit Lighting 46.9% 90.0% 10 $0.00 0.0 1.34 $0.006
Retrocommissioning - Lighting 9.0% 93.0% 5 $0.05 0.0 0.00 $2.594
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensors 14.7% 60.0% 8 $0.20 0.0 0.00 $6.861
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic
Installation 5.0% 25.0% 5 $0.92 - - $0.000
Interior Screw-in - Task Lighting 10.0% 100.0% 5 $0.24 0.1 0.02 $0.500
Interior Lighting - Time Clocks and
Timers 2.4% 75.0% 8 $0.20 0.0 0.04 $13.721
Exterior Lighting - Cold Cathode
Lighting 14.6% 50.0% 5 $0.00 0.4 16.94 $0.001
Interior Lighting - Skylights 1.2% 40.6% 8 $0.29 0.0 0.00 $6.518
Ventilation - Demand Control
Ventilation 1.0% 10.0% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.14 $0.103
Strategic Energy Management 0.0% 20.0% 3 $0.02 0.0 0.09 $0.173
Transformers 8.6% 9.4% 10 $0.13 0.0 0.04 $0.413
848
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-84 www.enernoc.com
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Incremental
Cost
($/SqFt)
Savings
(kWh/SqFt)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Motors - Synchronous belts 17.3% 21.0% 10 $0.22 - 0.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Floating
section Pressure - Air-cooled Cond. 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex Controls -
Floating section Pressure - Evap.
Cond.
0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff. Air-
cooled Condenser 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff.
Water-cooled Condenser 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - System Controls 5.0% 45.0% 10 $0.40 0.2 0.06 $0.198
Refrigeration - System Maintenance 13.6% 45.0% 10 $0.00 0.1 7.74 $0.001
Refrigeration - System Optimization 5.0% 45.0% 10 $0.80 0.2 0.03 $0.396
Motors - Variable Frequency Drive 25.0% 50.0% 10 $0.10 - 0.00 $0.000
Motors - Magnetic Adjustable Speed
Drives 20.0% 25.0% 10 $0.10 - 0.02 $0.000
Compressed Air - System Controls 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.01 - 0.08 $0.000
Compressed Air - System
Optimization and Improvements 35.0% 75.0% 10 $0.20 - 0.01 $0.000
Compressed Air - System
Maintenance 0.0% 0.0% 3 $0.03 - - $0.000
Compressed Air - Compressor
Replacement 14.6% 17.1% 10 $0.06 - 0.02 $0.000
Fan System - Controls 7.8% 8.2% 10 $0.01 0.0 0.37 $0.036
Fan System - Optimization 6.6% 8.9% 10 $0.13 0.2 0.15 $0.085
Fan System - Maintenance 3.0% 11.3% 3 $0.01 0.0 0.07 $0.251
Pumping System - Controls 6.9% 9.3% 10 $0.01 - 0.02 $0.000
Pumping System - Optimization 6.7% 9.0% 10 $0.28 - 0.01 $0.000
Pumping System - Maintenance 1.5% 10.1% 3 $0.02 - - $0.000
RTU - Maintenance 21.9% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.4 0.29 $0.045
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset 30.0% 100.0% 4 $0.09 0.4 0.22 $0.062
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow
System 30.0% 45.0% 10 $0.20 0.1 0.04 $0.236
Chiller - VSD 15.0% 89.0% 20 $1.17 0.8 0.06 $0.105
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling
Tower Fans 25.0% 100.0% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.00 $9.998
Chiller - Condenser Water
Temprature Reset 0.0% 100.0% 14 $0.20 0.4 0.17 $0.045
Cooling - Economizer Installation 29.1% 45.0% 15 $0.15 0.1 0.03 $0.211
Heat Pump - Maintenance 21.7% 100.0% 4 $0.03 1.1 1.82 $0.007
Insulation - Ducting 11.8% 100.0% 20 $0.41 0.0 0.31 $4.048
Repair and Sealing - Ducting 5.0% 50.0% 15 $0.38 0.0 0.31 $1.794
Energy Management System 11.0% 100.0% 14 $0.35 4.3 1.10 $0.007
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.14 0.1 0.07 $0.159
Fans - Variable Speed Control 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.20 0.4 0.17 $0.057

849
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-85
Table C-32 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data— Extra Large Industrial, New
Vintage, Washington
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Incremental
Cost
($/SqFt)
Savings
(kWh/SqFt)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Refrigeration - System Controls 5.0% 45.0% 10 $0.40 0.2 0.06 $0.198
Refrigeration - System Maintenance 13.6% 45.0% 10 $0.00 0.1 7.89 $0.001
Refrigeration - System Optimization 5.0% 45.0% 10 $0.80 0.2 0.03 $0.396
Motors - Variable Frequency Drive 25.0% 50.0% 10 $0.10 0.2 0.15 $0.072
Motors - Magnetic Adjustable Speed
Drives 24.0% 25.0% 10 $0.10 0.7 0.65 $0.017
Compressed Air - System Controls 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.01 0.3 2.98 $0.003
Compressed Air - System
Optimization and Improvements 44.8% 75.0% 10 $0.20 0.8 0.38 $0.029
Compressed Air - System
Maintenance 0.0% 0.0% 3 $0.03 0.1 0.10 $0.175
Compressed Air - Compressor
Replacement 17.6% 17.1% 10 $0.06 0.6 0.84 $0.013
Fan System - Controls 7.8% 8.2% 10 $0.01 0.0 0.37 $0.036
Fan System - Optimization 6.6% 8.9% 10 $0.13 0.2 0.15 $0.085
Fan System - Maintenance 3.0% 11.3% 3 $0.01 0.0 0.07 $0.251
Pumping System - Controls 8.6% 9.3% 10 $0.01 0.1 1.04 $0.011
Pumping System - Optimization 6.7% 9.0% 10 $0.28 0.8 0.28 $0.040
Pumping System - Maintenance 1.5% 10.1% 3 $0.02 0.1 0.15 $0.117
RTU - Maintenance 21.9% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.2 0.20 $0.073
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset 60.0% 100.0% 4 $0.09 0.3 0.19 $0.077
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow
System 30.0% 45.0% 10 $0.20 0.1 0.06 $0.158
Chiller - VSD 25.0% 89.0% 20 $1.17 0.7 0.06 $0.119
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling
Tower Fans 25.0% 100.0% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.01 $1.019
Chiller - Condenser Water
Temprature Reset 5.0% 100.0% 14 $0.20 0.4 0.16 $0.051
Cooling - Economizer Installation 29.1% 45.0% 15 $0.15 - - $0.000
Heat Pump - Maintenance 21.7% 100.0% 4 $0.03 0.6 1.07 $0.014
Insulation - Ducting 11.8% 50.0% 20 $0.41 - 0.31 $0.000
Energy Management System 23.6% 100.0% 14 $0.35 4.9 1.28 $0.007
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.14 0.1 0.06 $0.187
Fans - Variable Speed Control 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.34 0.4 0.10 $0.114
Pumps - Variable Speed Control 0.1% 0.0% 10 $0.44 0.2 0.03 $0.316
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 59.0% 70.0% 11 $0.11 1.7 1.41 $0.007
Interior Lighting - Central Lighting
Controls 83.7% 100.0% 8 $0.65 1.4 0.18 $0.067
Exterior Lighting - Daylighting
Controls 19.7% 53.6% 8 $0.08 1.4 1.52 $0.008
Interior Fluorescent - High Bay
Fixtures 19.1% 50.0% 11 $0.20 1.2 0.58 $0.018
LED Exit Lighting 91.2% 90.0% 10 $0.00 0.0 1.62 $0.006
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensors 25.0% 60.0% 8 $0.20 1.4 0.58 $0.021
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic
Installation 5.0% 25.0% 5 $0.92 2.7 0.21 $0.072
Interior Screw-in - Task Lighting 10.0% 100.0% 5 $0.24 0.1 0.03 $0.527
Interior Lighting - Time Clocks and
Timers 2.4% 75.0% 8 $0.20 0.7 0.34 $0.041
Exterior Lighting - Cold Cathode
Lighting 8.4% 50.0% 5 $0.00 0.3 19.87 $0.001
Interior Lighting - Skylights 5.3% 40.6% 8 $0.19 2.1 0.92 $0.013
Ventilation - Demand Control
Ventilation 10.2% 10.0% 10 $0.04 0.2 0.55 $0.022
Strategic Energy Management 2.8% 20.0% 3 $0.02 1.9 4.54 $0.004
Transformers 8.6% 9.4% 10 $0.13 0.4 0.28 $0.040
Motors - Synchronous belts 17.3% 21.0% 10 $0.22 - 0.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Floating
section Pressure - Air-cooled Cond. 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex Controls - 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
850
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-86 www.enernoc.com
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Incremental
Cost
($/SqFt)
Savings
(kWh/SqFt)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Floating section Pressure - Evap.
Cond.
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff. Air-
cooled Condenser 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff.
Water-cooled Condenser 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Commissioning - HVAC 60.0% 100.0% 25 $0.70 0.1 0.02 $0.481
Commissioning - Lighting 78.5% 100.0% 25 $0.10 2.2 2.28 $0.003
Advanced New Construction Designs 11.9% 100.0% 35 $2.00 3.5 0.17 $0.030
Refrigeration - System Controls 5.0% 45.0% 10 $0.40 0.2 0.06 $0.198
Refrigeration - System Maintenance 13.6% 45.0% 10 $0.00 0.1 7.89 $0.001
Refrigeration - System Optimization 5.0% 45.0% 10 $0.80 0.2 0.03 $0.396
Motors - Variable Frequency Drive 25.0% 50.0% 10 $0.10 0.2 0.15 $0.072
Motors - Magnetic Adjustable Speed
Drives 24.0% 25.0% 10 $0.10 0.7 0.65 $0.017
Compressed Air - System Controls 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.01 0.3 2.98 $0.003
Compressed Air - System
Optimization and Improvements 44.8% 75.0% 10 $0.20 0.8 0.38 $0.029
Compressed Air - System
Maintenance 0.0% 0.0% 3 $0.03 0.1 0.10 $0.175
Compressed Air - Compressor
Replacement 17.6% 17.1% 10 $0.06 0.6 0.84 $0.013
Fan System - Controls 7.8% 8.2% 10 $0.01 0.0 0.37 $0.036
Fan System - Optimization 6.6% 8.9% 10 $0.13 0.2 0.15 $0.085
Fan System - Maintenance 3.0% 11.3% 3 $0.01 0.0 0.07 $0.251
Pumping System - Controls 8.6% 9.3% 10 $0.01 0.1 1.04 $0.011
Pumping System - Optimization 6.7% 9.0% 10 $0.28 0.8 0.28 $0.040
Pumping System - Maintenance 1.5% 10.1% 3 $0.02 0.1 0.15 $0.117
RTU - Maintenance 21.9% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.2 0.20 $0.073
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset 60.0% 100.0% 4 $0.09 0.3 0.19 $0.077
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow
System 30.0% 45.0% 10 $0.20 0.1 0.06 $0.158
Chiller - VSD 25.0% 89.0% 20 $1.17 0.7 0.06 $0.119
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling
Tower Fans 25.0% 100.0% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.01 $1.019
Chiller - Condenser Water
Temprature Reset 5.0% 100.0% 14 $0.20 0.4 0.16 $0.051
Cooling - Economizer Installation 29.1% 45.0% 15 $0.15 - - $0.000
Heat Pump - Maintenance 21.7% 100.0% 4 $0.03 0.6 1.07 $0.014
Insulation - Ducting 11.8% 50.0% 20 $0.41 - 0.31 $0.000
Energy Management System 23.6% 100.0% 14 $0.35 4.9 1.28 $0.007
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.14 0.1 0.06 $0.187
Fans - Variable Speed Control 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.34 0.4 0.10 $0.114
Pumps - Variable Speed Control 0.1% 0.0% 10 $0.44 0.2 0.03 $0.316

851
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-87
Table C-33 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data— Extra Large Industrial, Existing
Vintage, Idaho
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Incremental
Cost
($/SqFt)
Savings
(kWh/SqFt)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Refrigeration - System Controls 11.1% 45.0% 10 $0.40 12.0 2.67 $0.004
Refrigeration - System Maintenance 11.1% 45.0% 10 $0.00 4.0 356.66 $0.000
Refrigeration - System Optimization 13.6% 45.0% 10 $0.80 12.0 1.34 $0.008
Motors - Variable Frequency Drive 32.5% 50.0% 10 $0.10 0.4 0.33 $0.033
Motors - Magnetic Adjustable Speed
Drives 24.0% 25.0% 10 $0.10 1.5 1.41 $0.008
Compressed Air - System Controls 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.01 0.7 6.38 $0.001
Compressed Air - System
Optimization and Improvements 44.8% 75.0% 10 $0.20 1.8 0.82 $0.013
Compressed Air - System
Maintenance 0.0% 0.0% 3 $0.03 0.1 0.22 $0.081
Compressed Air - Compressor
Replacement 17.6% 17.1% 10 $0.06 1.3 1.81 $0.006
Fan System - Controls 7.8% 8.2% 10 $0.01 0.3 2.66 $0.004
Fan System - Optimization 8.3% 8.9% 10 $0.13 1.6 1.12 $0.010
Fan System - Maintenance 5.2% 11.3% 3 $0.01 0.1 0.61 $0.029
Pumping System - Controls 8.6% 9.3% 10 $0.01 0.3 2.23 $0.005
Pumping System - Optimization 8.4% 9.0% 10 $0.28 1.8 0.60 $0.018
Pumping System - Maintenance 2.9% 10.1% 3 $0.02 0.1 0.33 $0.054
RTU - Maintenance 37.6% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.9 0.73 $0.018
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset 39.9% 100.0% 4 $0.09 1.3 0.74 $0.019
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow
System 30.0% 45.0% 10 $0.20 0.3 0.13 $0.071
Chiller - VSD 50.0% 89.0% 20 $1.17 2.6 0.19 $0.032
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling
Tower Fans 25.0% 100.0% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.00 $2.995
Chiller - Condenser Water
Temprature Reset 14.2% 100.0% 14 $0.20 1.3 0.55 $0.014
Cooling - Economizer Installation 29.1% 45.0% 15 $0.15 - - $0.000
Heat Pump - Maintenance 21.7% 100.0% 4 $0.03 1.0 1.70 $0.008
Insulation - Ducting 11.8% 100.0% 20 $0.41 - 0.30 $0.000
Repair and Sealing - Ducting 5.0% 50.0% 15 $0.38 - 0.31 $0.000
Energy Management System 11.0% 100.0% 14 $0.35 4.7 1.23 $0.007
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.14 0.6 0.73 $0.027
Fans - Variable Speed Control 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.34 2.5 0.59 $0.016
Retrocommissioning - HVAC 1.4% 93.3% 4 $0.25 - 0.30 $0.000
Pumps - Variable Speed Control 0.1% 0.0% 10 $0.44 0.4 0.08 $0.146
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 59.0% 70.0% 11 $0.11 2.5 2.04 $0.005
Interior Lighting - Central Lighting
Controls 83.7% 100.0% 8 $0.65 - - $0.000
Exterior Lighting - Daylighting
Controls 1.6% 53.6% 8 $0.08 - 0.00 $0.000
Interior Fluorescent - High Bay
Fixtures 19.1% 50.0% 11 $0.20 0.6 0.19 $0.040
LED Exit Lighting 46.9% 90.0% 10 $0.00 0.0 0.39 $0.018
Retrocommissioning - Lighting 9.0% 93.0% 5 $0.05 - - $0.000
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensors 14.7% 60.0% 8 $0.20 - 0.00 $0.000
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic
Installation 5.0% 25.0% 5 $0.92 - - $0.000
Interior Screw-in - Task Lighting 10.0% 100.0% 5 $0.24 0.0 0.01 $1.514
Interior Lighting - Time Clocks and
Timers 2.4% 75.0% 8 $0.20 - 0.00 $0.000
Exterior Lighting - Cold Cathode
Lighting 14.6% 50.0% 5 $0.00 0.1 5.34 $0.002
Interior Lighting - Skylights 1.2% 40.6% 8 $0.29 - 0.00 $0.000
Ventilation - Demand Control
Ventilation 1.0% 10.0% 10 $0.04 - - $0.000
Strategic Energy Management 2.8% 20.0% 3 $0.02 0.3 0.64 $0.026
Transformers 9.8% 9.4% 10 $0.13 0.3 0.18 $0.060
852
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-88 www.enernoc.com
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Incremental
Cost
($/SqFt)
Savings
(kWh/SqFt)
BC
Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Motors - Synchronous belts 17.3% 21.0% 10 $0.22 - 0.01 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Floating
section Pressure - Air-cooled Cond. 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex Controls -
Floating section Pressure - Evap.
Cond.
0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff. Air-
cooled Condenser 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff.
Water-cooled Condenser 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 12.0 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - System Controls 11.1% 45.0% 10 $0.40 12.0 2.67 $0.004
Refrigeration - System Maintenance 11.1% 45.0% 10 $0.00 4.0 356.66 $0.000
Refrigeration - System Optimization 13.6% 45.0% 10 $0.80 12.0 1.34 $0.008
Motors - Variable Frequency Drive 32.5% 50.0% 10 $0.10 0.4 0.33 $0.033
Motors - Magnetic Adjustable Speed
Drives 24.0% 25.0% 10 $0.10 1.5 1.41 $0.008
Compressed Air - System Controls 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.01 0.7 6.38 $0.001
Compressed Air - System
Optimization and Improvements 44.8% 75.0% 10 $0.20 1.8 0.82 $0.013
Compressed Air - System
Maintenance 0.0% 0.0% 3 $0.03 0.1 0.22 $0.081
Compressed Air - Compressor
Replacement 17.6% 17.1% 10 $0.06 1.3 1.81 $0.006
Fan System - Controls 7.8% 8.2% 10 $0.01 0.3 2.66 $0.004
Fan System - Optimization 8.3% 8.9% 10 $0.13 1.6 1.12 $0.010
Fan System - Maintenance 5.2% 11.3% 3 $0.01 0.1 0.61 $0.029
Pumping System - Controls 8.6% 9.3% 10 $0.01 0.3 2.23 $0.005
Pumping System - Optimization 8.4% 9.0% 10 $0.28 1.8 0.60 $0.018
Pumping System - Maintenance 2.9% 10.1% 3 $0.02 0.1 0.33 $0.054
RTU - Maintenance 37.6% 100.0% 4 $0.06 0.9 0.73 $0.018
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset 39.9% 100.0% 4 $0.09 1.3 0.74 $0.019
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow
System 30.0% 45.0% 10 $0.20 0.3 0.13 $0.071
Chiller - VSD 50.0% 89.0% 20 $1.17 2.6 0.19 $0.032
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling
Tower Fans 25.0% 100.0% 10 $0.04 0.0 0.00 $2.995
Chiller - Condenser Water
Temprature Reset 14.2% 100.0% 14 $0.20 1.3 0.55 $0.014
Cooling - Economizer Installation 29.1% 45.0% 15 $0.15 - - $0.000
Heat Pump - Maintenance 21.7% 100.0% 4 $0.03 1.0 1.70 $0.008
Insulation - Ducting 11.8% 100.0% 20 $0.41 - 0.30 $0.000
Repair and Sealing - Ducting 5.0% 50.0% 15 $0.38 - 0.31 $0.000
Energy Management System 11.0% 100.0% 14 $0.35 4.7 1.23 $0.007
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.14 0.6 0.73 $0.027
Fans - Variable Speed Control 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.34 2.5 0.59 $0.016

853
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting C-89
Table C-34 Energy Efficiency Non-Equipment Data— Extra Large Industrial, New
Vintage, Idaho
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Incrementa
l Cost
($/SqFt)
Savings
(kWh/SqFt)
BC Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Refrigeration - System Controls 13.6% 45.0% 10 $0.40 4.0 0.91 $0.012
Refrigeration - System Maintenance 13.6% 45.0% 10 $0.00 12.0 1,086.05 $0.000
Refrigeration - System Optimization 5.0% 45.0% 10 $0.80 0.4 0.05 $0.215
Motors - Variable Frequency Drive 32.5% 50.0% 10 $0.10 1.9 1.72 $0.006
Motors - Magnetic Adjustable Speed
Drives 24.0% 25.0% 10 $0.10 0.9 0.81 $0.013
Compressed Air - System Controls 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.01 0.2 1.56 $0.005
Compressed Air - System
Optimization and Improvements 44.8% 75.0% 10 $0.20 2.2 1.00 $0.011
Compressed Air - System
Maintenance 0.0% 0.0% 3 $0.03 1.5 2.36 $0.007
Compressed Air - Compressor
Replacement 14.6% 17.1% 10 $0.06 0.1 0.14 $0.082
Fan System - Controls 7.8% 8.2% 10 $0.01 0.7 5.80 $0.002
Fan System - Optimization 8.3% 8.9% 10 $0.13 1.2 0.81 $0.013
Fan System - Maintenance 5.2% 11.3% 3 $0.01 0.4 2.02 $0.009
Pumping System - Controls 8.6% 9.3% 10 $0.01 2.2 18.15 $0.001
Pumping System - Optimization 6.7% 9.0% 10 $0.28 0.2 0.06 $0.185
Pumping System - Maintenance 3.5% 10.1% 3 $0.02 0.6 1.26 $0.014
RTU - Maintenance 37.6% 100.0% 4 $0.06 1.0 0.94 $0.015
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset 63.4% 100.0% 4 $0.09 0.5 0.33 $0.048
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow
System 34.5% 45.0% 10 $0.20 2.3 1.03 $0.010
Chiller - VSD 25.0% 89.0% 20 $1.17 0.0 0.00 $5.329
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling
Tower Fans 40.1% 100.0% 10 $0.04 1.2 2.65 $0.004
Chiller - Condenser Water
Temprature Reset 5.0% 100.0% 14 $0.20 0.2 0.08 $0.103
Cooling - Economizer Installation 35.5% 45.0% 15 $0.15 0.5 0.29 $0.027
Heat Pump - Maintenance 21.7% 100.0% 4 $0.03 0.5 0.89 $0.017
Insulation - Ducting 11.8% 50.0% 20 $0.41 0.3 0.36 $0.114
Energy Management System 23.6% 100.0% 14 $0.35 4.7 1.26 $0.007
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.14 2.1 1.36 $0.008
Fans - Variable Speed Control 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.34 0.1 0.03 $0.361
Pumps - Variable Speed Control 0.1% 0.0% 10 $0.44 0.1 0.01 $1.018
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 63.1% 70.0% 11 $0.11 3.5 2.86 $0.003
Interior Lighting - Central Lighting
Controls 83.7% 100.0% 8 $0.65 0.3 0.04 $0.283
Exterior Lighting - Daylighting
Controls 19.7% 53.6% 8 $0.08 0.4 0.46 $0.028
Interior Fluorescent - High Bay
Fixtures 10.0% 50.0% 11 $0.20 0.0 0.00 $3.499
LED Exit Lighting 91.2% 90.0% 10 $0.00 0.3 25.24 $0.000
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensors 25.0% 60.0% 8 $0.20 0.7 0.28 $0.044
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic
Installation 5.0% 25.0% 5 $0.92 0.0 0.00 $6.107
Interior Screw-in - Task Lighting 10.0% 100.0% 5 $0.24 0.2 0.04 $0.315
Interior Lighting - Time Clocks and
Timers 2.4% 75.0% 8 $0.20 0.1 0.04 $0.324
Exterior Lighting - Cold Cathode
Lighting 8.4% 50.0% 5 $0.00 0.5 33.17 $0.000
Interior Lighting - Skylights 2.4% 40.6% 8 $0.19 0.1 0.06 $0.235
Ventilation - Demand Control
Ventilation 6.0% 10.0% 10 $0.04 0.1 0.15 $0.082
Strategic Energy Management 2.8% 20.0% 3 $0.02 0.8 1.77 $0.010
Transformers 9.8% 9.4% 10 $0.13 0.3 0.23 $0.049
Motors - Synchronous belts 17.3% 21.0% 10 $0.22 0.0 0.01 $1.550
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Floating
section Pressure - Air-cooled Cond. 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex Controls - 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 - 1.00 $0.000
854
C&I Energy Efficiency Equipment and Measure Data
C-90 www.enernoc.com
Measure Base
Saturation Applicability Lifetime
(Years)
Incrementa
l Cost
($/SqFt)
Savings
(kWh/SqFt)
BC Ratio
(2015)
Levelized
Cost of
Energy
($/kWh)
Floating section Pressure - Evap.
Cond.
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff. Air-
cooled Condenser 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 0.3 1.00 $0.000
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff.
Water-cooled Condenser 0.0% 0.0% 0 $0.00 0.2 1.00 $0.000
Commissioning - HVAC 78.5% 100.0% 25 $0.70 0.9 0.14 $0.046
Commissioning - Lighting 78.5% 100.0% 25 $0.10 0.5 0.57 $0.011
Advanced New Construction Designs 11.9% 100.0% 35 $2.00 2.9 0.14 $0.035
Refrigeration - System Controls 13.6% 45.0% 10 $0.40 4.0 0.91 $0.012
Refrigeration - System Maintenance 13.6% 45.0% 10 $0.00 12.0 1,086.05 $0.000
Refrigeration - System Optimization 5.0% 45.0% 10 $0.80 0.4 0.05 $0.215
Motors - Variable Frequency Drive 32.5% 50.0% 10 $0.10 1.9 1.72 $0.006
Motors - Magnetic Adjustable Speed
Drives 24.0% 25.0% 10 $0.10 0.9 0.81 $0.013
Compressed Air - System Controls 0.0% 0.0% 15 $0.01 0.2 1.56 $0.005
Compressed Air - System
Optimization and Improvements 44.8% 75.0% 10 $0.20 2.2 1.00 $0.011
Compressed Air - System
Maintenance 0.0% 0.0% 3 $0.03 1.5 2.36 $0.007
Compressed Air - Compressor
Replacement 14.6% 17.1% 10 $0.06 0.1 0.14 $0.082
Fan System - Controls 7.8% 8.2% 10 $0.01 0.7 5.80 $0.002
Fan System - Optimization 8.3% 8.9% 10 $0.13 1.2 0.81 $0.013
Fan System - Maintenance 5.2% 11.3% 3 $0.01 0.4 2.02 $0.009
Pumping System - Controls 8.6% 9.3% 10 $0.01 2.2 18.15 $0.001
Pumping System - Optimization 6.7% 9.0% 10 $0.28 0.2 0.06 $0.185
Pumping System - Maintenance 3.5% 10.1% 3 $0.02 0.6 1.26 $0.014
RTU - Maintenance 37.6% 100.0% 4 $0.06 1.0 0.94 $0.015
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset 63.4% 100.0% 4 $0.09 0.5 0.33 $0.048
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow
System 34.5% 45.0% 10 $0.20 2.3 1.03 $0.010
Chiller - VSD 25.0% 89.0% 20 $1.17 0.0 0.00 $5.329
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling
Tower Fans 40.1% 100.0% 10 $0.04 1.2 2.65 $0.004
Chiller - Condenser Water
Temprature Reset 5.0% 100.0% 14 $0.20 0.2 0.08 $0.103
Cooling - Economizer Installation 35.5% 45.0% 15 $0.15 0.5 0.29 $0.027
Heat Pump - Maintenance 21.7% 100.0% 4 $0.03 0.5 0.89 $0.017
Insulation - Ducting 11.8% 50.0% 20 $0.41 0.3 0.36 $0.114
Energy Management System 23.6% 100.0% 14 $0.35 4.7 1.26 $0.007
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.14 2.1 1.36 $0.008
Fans - Variable Speed Control 0.0% 0.0% 10 $0.34 0.1 0.03 $0.361
Pumps - Variable Speed Control 0.1% 0.0% 10 $0.44 0.1 0.01 $1.018

855

EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting D-1
APPENDIX D
MARKET ADOPTION FACTORS
A set of market adoption factors are applied to Economic potential to estimate Achievable
Potential. These estimate customer adoption of economic measures when delivered through
efficiency programs under realistic market and customer preference conditions. They reflect
expected program participation given barriers to customer acceptance and program
implementation. These adoption rates generally increase over time, reflecting an increasing
awareness and willingness to adopt energy-efficient measures. However, in some cases, where a
new technology is introduced, the adoption rates drop to reflect that the new technology may
not yet be accepted in the market. For mature measures, information channels are assumed to
be established for marketing, educating consumers, and coordinating with trade allies and
delivery partners. For evolving measures, this is not the case and thus the factors start at a
lower level.
The market adoption rates for the Avista study were developed using the ramp rates from the
Northwest Power & Conservation Council’s Sixth Plan as a starting point . The ramp rates were
then adjusted based on actual Avista program history and information from program evaluations.
These adjustments mainly set the potential in the first years of the study to match with recent
program achievements and thus show continuity of results.
Table D-1 through Table D-2 present the Achievable Potential market adoption factors for the
residential sector, first for equipment measures and then for non-equipment measures. Table D-
3 through Table D-4 present the market adoption factors for the commercial and industrial sector
.
856

EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting D-2
Table D-1 Residential Equipment Measures—Achievable Potential Market Adoption Factors
End Use Fuel Technology 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026
Cooling Electric Central AC 77% 78% 79% 80% 81% 82% 83% 84% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Cooling Electric Room AC 77% 78% 79% 80% 81% 82% 83% 84% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Cooling Electric Air Source Heat Pump 77% 78% 79% 80% 81% 82% 83% 84% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Cooling Electric Geothermal Heat Pump 77% 78% 79% 80% 81% 82% 83% 84% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Cooling Electric Ductless HP 56% 58% 59% 62% 66% 71% 76% 81% 83% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Space Heating Electric Electric Resistance 6% 9% 11% 14% 17% 20% 23% 26% 28% 31% 34% 37% 40%
Space Heating Electric Electric Furnace 60% 60% 60% 60% 60% 60% 60% 60% 60% 60% 60% 60% 60%
Space Heating Electric Supplemental 11% 17% 23% 28% 34% 40% 45% 51% 57% 62% 68% 74% 79%
Space Heating Electric Air Source Heat Pump 77% 78% 79% 80% 81% 82% 83% 84% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Space Heating Electric Geothermal Heat Pump 56% 58% 59% 62% 66% 71% 76% 81% 83% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Space Heating Electric Ductless HP 28% 32% 37% 40% 43% 45% 46% 49% 52% 57% 62% 68% 73%
Water Heating Electric Water Heater <= 55 Gal 5% 7% 9% 10% 12% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50%
Water Heating Electric Water Heater > 55 Gal 2% 3% 5% 8% 10% 12% 14% 34% 39% 45% 50% 50% 50%
Interior Lighting Electric Screw-in 25% 25% 26% 27% 29% 31% 33% 35% 38% 41% 45% 50% 55%
Interior Lighting Electric Linear Fluorescent 25% 25% 26% 27% 29% 31% 33% 35% 38% 41% 45% 50% 55%
Interior Lighting Electric Specialty 25% 25% 26% 27% 29% 31% 33% 35% 38% 41% 45% 50% 55%
Exterior Lighting Electric Screw-in 25% 25% 26% 27% 29% 31% 33% 35% 38% 41% 45% 50% 55%
Appliances Electric Clothes Washer 56% 58% 59% 62% 66% 71% 76% 81% 83% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Appliances Electric Clothes Dryer 56% 58% 59% 62% 66% 71% 76% 81% 83% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Appliances Electric Dishwasher 56% 58% 59% 62% 66% 71% 76% 81% 83% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Appliances Electric Refrigerator 56% 58% 59% 62% 66% 71% 76% 81% 83% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Appliances Electric Freezer 56% 58% 59% 62% 66% 71% 76% 81% 83% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Appliances Electric Second Refrigerator 56% 58% 59% 62% 66% 71% 76% 81% 83% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Appliances Electric Stove 56% 58% 59% 62% 66% 71% 76% 81% 83% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Appliances Electric Microwave 56% 58% 59% 62% 66% 71% 76% 81% 83% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Electronics Electric Personal Computers 5% 8% 10% 13% 16% 19% 23% 26% 30% 33% 37% 40% 44%
Electronics Electric TVs 11% 16% 21% 26% 31% 36% 41% 47% 52% 58% 63% 68% 72%
Electronics Electric Set-top boxes/DVR 6% 9% 12% 15% 18% 22% 25% 29% 31% 34% 37% 40% 43%
Electronics Electric Devices and Gadgets 6% 9% 12% 15% 18% 22% 25% 29% 31% 34% 37% 40% 43%
Miscellaneous Electric Pool Pump 5% 8% 10% 13% 16% 19% 23% 26% 30% 33% 37% 40% 44%
Miscellaneous Electric Furnace Fan 9% 13% 17% 21% 25% 29% 34% 39% 45% 49% 54% 57% 60%
Miscellaneous Electric Miscellaneous 23% 31% 39% 47% 54% 62% 68% 73% 76% 78% 78% 78% 79%

857
Market Adoption Factors
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting D-3
Table D-2 Residential Non-Equipment Measures— Achievable Potential Market Adoption Factors
Measures 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026
Central AC - Early Replacement 1% 3% 5% 7% 9% 11% 14% 16% 19% 21% 24% 27% 30%
Central AC - Maintenance and Tune-Up 5% 9% 13% 17% 20% 23% 26% 29% 31% 35% 38% 42% 46%
Room AC - Removal of Second Unit 1% 3% 5% 7% 9% 11% 14% 16% 19% 21% 24% 27% 30%
Attic Fan - Installation 5% 7% 9% 11% 14% 16% 18% 20% 23% 25% 27% 29% 32%
Attic Fan - Photovoltaic - Installation 1% 3% 5% 7% 9% 11% 14% 16% 19% 21% 24% 27% 30%
Ceiling Fan - Installation 6% 9% 9% 11% 14% 16% 18% 20% 23% 25% 27% 29% 32%
Whole-House Fan - Installation 2% 8% 15% 22% 31% 39% 48% 57% 59% 62% 64% 67% 69%
Air Source Heat Pump - Maintenance 3% 5% 7% 9% 10% 12% 13% 14% 16% 17% 18% 20% 22%
Insulation - Ducting 1% 3% 5% 7% 9% 11% 14% 16% 19% 21% 24% 27% 30%
Repair and Sealing - Ducting 2% 3% 6% 8% 10% 11% 12% 14% 15% 16% 18% 19% 21%
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 1% 3% 5% 7% 9% 11% 14% 16% 19% 21% 24% 27% 30%
Doors - Storm and Thermal 5% 7% 9% 11% 14% 16% 18% 20% 23% 25% 27% 29% 32%
Insulation - Infiltration Control 5% 9% 13% 17% 20% 23% 26% 29% 31% 35% 38% 42% 46%
Insulation - Ceiling 12% 13% 14% 14% 15% 16% 17% 18% 19% 20% 21% 22% 23%
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 5% 9% 15% 20% 24% 29% 34% 39% 44% 50% 56% 62% 69%
Roofs - High Reflectivity 1% 3% 5% 7% 9% 11% 14% 16% 19% 21% 24% 27% 30%
Windows - Reflective Film 5% 7% 9% 11% 14% 16% 18% 20% 23% 25% 27% 29% 32%
Windows - High Efficiency/Energy Star 5% 7% 9% 11% 14% 16% 18% 20% 23% 25% 27% 29% 32%
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensor 10% 19% 27% 35% 43% 51% 60% 68% 68% 68% 68% 68% 68%
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic Installation 2% 8% 15% 22% 31% 39% 48% 57% 59% 62% 64% 67% 69%
Exterior Lighting - Photosensor Control 1% 4% 10% 17% 24% 33% 41% 50% 59% 62% 64% 67% 69%
Exterior Lighting - Timeclock Installation 2% 8% 15% 22% 31% 39% 48% 57% 59% 62% 64% 67% 69%
Water Heater - Faucet Aerators 1% 3% 5% 7% 9% 11% 14% 16% 19% 21% 24% 27% 30%
Water Heater - Pipe Insulation 1% 3% 5% 7% 9% 11% 14% 16% 19% 21% 24% 27% 30%
Water Heater - Low Flow Showerheads 2% 3% 6% 8% 10% 11% 12% 14% 15% 16% 18% 19% 21%
Water Heater - Tank Blanket/Insulation 3% 5% 7% 9% 10% 12% 13% 14% 16% 17% 18% 20% 22%
Water Heater - Thermostat Setback 3% 5% 7% 9% 10% 12% 13% 14% 16% 17% 18% 20% 22%
Electronics - Reduce Standby Wattage 3% 5% 7% 9% 10% 12% 13% 14% 16% 17% 18% 20% 22%
Refrigerator - Early Replacement 3% 4% 6% 8% 11% 13% 16% 19% 23% 25% 27% 29% 32%
Refrigerator - Remove Second Unit 3% 4% 6% 8% 11% 13% 16% 19% 23% 25% 27% 29% 32%
Freezer - Early Replacement 3% 4% 6% 8% 11% 13% 16% 19% 23% 25% 27% 29% 32%
Freezer - Remove Second Unit 3% 4% 6% 8% 11% 13% 16% 19% 23% 25% 27% 29% 32%
Behavioral Measures 1% 3% 5% 7% 9% 11% 14% 16% 19% 21% 24% 27% 30%
Pool - Pump Timer 3% 6% 9% 11% 14% 16% 19% 21% 24% 27% 30% 33% 37%
Insulation - Foundation 3% 6% 9% 11% 14% 16% 19% 21% 24% 27% 30% 33% 37%
Insulation - Wall Cavity 5% 9% 15% 20% 24% 29% 34% 39% 44% 50% 56% 62% 69%
Insulation - Wall Sheathing 1% 3% 5% 7% 9% 11% 14% 16% 19% 21% 24% 27% 30%
Water Heater - Drainwater Heat Reocvery 4% 6% 9% 11% 13% 15% 17% 19% 21% 23% 26% 28% 30%
Advanced New Construction Designs 4% 6% 9% 11% 13% 15% 17% 19% 21% 23% 26% 28% 30%
Energy Star Homes 9% 10% 14% 15% 20% 21% 26% 28% 34% 36% 40% 43% 45%
858
Market Adoption Factors
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Table D-3 C/I Equipment Measures — Achievable Potential Market Adoption Factors
End Use Fuel Technology 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026
Cooling Electric Central Chiller 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Cooling Electric RTU 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Cooling Electric PTAC 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Cooling Electric Heat Pump 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Space Heating Electric Electric Resistance 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% 55% 60% 65% 70% 75% 80% 85%
Space Heating Electric Furnace 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Space Heating Electric Heat Pump 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
Ventilation Electric Ventilation 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Interior Lighting Electric Interior Screw-in 33% 45% 54% 61% 66% 70% 73% 76% 78% 80% 81% 82% 82%
Interior Lighting Electric High Bay Fixtures 50% 60% 70% 80% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Interior Lighting Electric Linear Fluorescent 61% 66% 70% 73% 76% 78% 80% 81% 82% 82% 83% 83% 84%
Exterior Lighting Electric Exterior Screw-in 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% 55% 60% 65% 70% 75% 80% 85%
Exterior Lighting Electric HID 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% 55% 60% 65% 70% 75% 80% 85%
Water Heating Electric Water Heater 13% 15% 18% 20% 23% 25% 28% 30% 33% 35% 38% 40% 45%
Food Preparation Electric Fryer 50% 60% 70% 80% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Food Preparation Electric Oven 50% 60% 70% 80% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Food Preparation Electric Dishwasher 50% 60% 70% 80% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Food Preparation Electric Hot Food Container 50% 60% 70% 80% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Food Preparation Electric Food Prep 50% 60% 70% 80% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Refrigeration Electric Walk in Refrigeration 80% 80% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Refrigeration Electric Glass Door Display 80% 80% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Refrigeration Electric Reach-in Refrigerator 80% 80% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Refrigeration Electric Open Display Case 80% 80% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Refrigeration Electric Vending Machine 80% 80% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Refrigeration Electric Icemaker 80% 80% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Office Equipment Electric Desktop Computer 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% 55% 60% 65% 70% 75% 80% 85%
Office Equipment Electric Laptop Computer 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% 55% 60% 65% 70% 75% 80% 85%
Office Equipment Electric Server 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% 55% 60% 65% 70% 75% 80% 85%
Office Equipment Electric Monitor 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% 55% 60% 65% 70% 75% 80% 85%
Office Equipment Electric Printer/copier/fax 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% 55% 60% 65% 70% 75% 80% 85%
Office Equipment Electric POS Terminal 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% 55% 60% 65% 70% 75% 80% 85%
Miscellaneous Electric Non-HVAC Motor 50% 60% 70% 80% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Miscellaneous Electric Other Miscellaneous 50% 60% 70% 80% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Process Electric Process Cooling/Refrigeration 50% 60% 70% 80% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85%
859
Market Adoption Factors
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting D-5
End Use Fuel Technology 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026
Process Electric Process Heating 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% 55% 60% 65% 70% 75% 80% 85%
Process Electric Electrochemical Process 50% 60% 70% 80% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Machine Drive Electric Less than 5 HP 50% 60% 70% 80% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Machine Drive Electric 5-24 HP 50% 60% 70% 80% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Machine Drive Electric 25-99 HP 50% 60% 70% 80% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85%
Machine Drive Electric 100-249 HP 43% 51% 60% 68% 72% 72% 72% 72% 72% 72% 72% 72% 72%
Machine Drive Electric 250-499 HP 43% 51% 60% 68% 72% 72% 72% 72% 72% 72% 72% 72% 72%
Machine Drive Electric 500 and more HP 43% 51% 60% 68% 72% 72% 72% 72% 72% 72% 72% 72% 72%
Miscellaneous Electric Miscellaneous 21% 26% 30% 34% 38% 43% 47% 51% 55% 60% 64% 68% 72%

860
Market Adoption Factors
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Table D-4 C/I Non-Equipment Measures — Achievable Potential Market Adoption Factors
Measures 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026
RTU - Maintenance 8% 16% 24% 34% 43% 51% 60% 68% 68% 68% 68% 68% 68%
RTU - Evaporative Precooler 8% 16% 24% 34% 43% 51% 60% 68% 68% 68% 68% 68% 68%
Chiller - Chilled Water Reset 40% 41% 42% 42% 41% 41% 41% 42% 44% 46% 48% 49% 50%
Chiller - Chilled Water Variable-Flow System 40% 41% 42% 42% 41% 41% 41% 42% 44% 46% 48% 49% 50%
Chiller - VSD 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Chiller - High Efficiency Cooling Tower Fans 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Chiller - Condenser Water Temprature Reset 40% 41% 42% 42% 41% 41% 41% 42% 44% 46% 48% 49% 50%
Cooling - Economizer Installation 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Heat Pump - Maintenance 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Insulation - Ducting 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Repair and Sealing - Ducting 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Energy Management System 40% 41% 42% 42% 41% 41% 41% 42% 44% 46% 48% 49% 50%
Cooking - Exhaust Hoods with Sensor Control 4% 8% 12% 17% 21% 26% 30% 34% 38% 43% 47% 51% 55%
Fans - Energy Efficient Motors 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Fans - Variable Speed Control 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Retrocommissioning - HVAC 40% 41% 42% 42% 41% 41% 41% 42% 44% 46% 48% 49% 50%
Pumps - Variable Speed Control 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Thermostat - Clock/Programmable 40% 41% 42% 42% 41% 41% 41% 42% 44% 46% 48% 49% 50%
Insulation - Ceiling 40% 41% 42% 42% 41% 41% 41% 42% 44% 46% 48% 49% 50%
Insulation - Radiant Barrier 40% 41% 42% 42% 41% 41% 41% 42% 44% 46% 48% 49% 50%
Roofs - High Reflectivity 20% 21% 23% 25% 26% 28% 30% 31% 33% 35% 37% 38% 40%
Windows - High Efficiency 40% 41% 42% 42% 41% 41% 41% 42% 44% 46% 48% 49% 50%
Interior Lighting - Central Lighting Controls 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Interior Lighting - Photocell Controlled T8 Dimming Ballasts 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Exterior Lighting - Daylighting Controls 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Interior Fluorescent - Bi-Level Fixture w/Occupancy Sensor 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Interior Fluorescent - High Bay Fixtures 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Interior Lighting - Occupancy Sensors 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Exterior Lighting - Photovoltaic Installation 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Interior Screw-in - Task Lighting 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Interior Lighting - Time Clocks and Timers 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Water Heater - Faucet Aerators/Low Flow Nozzles 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Water Heater - Pipe Insulation 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Water Heater - High Efficiency Circulation Pump 20% 21% 23% 25% 26% 28% 30% 31% 33% 35% 37% 38% 40%
861
Market Adoption Factors
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting D-7
Measures 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026
Water Heater - Tank Blanket/Insulation 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Water Heater - Thermostat Setback 20% 21% 23% 25% 26% 28% 30% 31% 33% 35% 37% 38% 40%
Refrigeration - Anti-Sweat Heater/Auto Door Closer 20% 21% 23% 25% 26% 28% 30% 31% 33% 35% 37% 38% 40%
Refrigeration - Floating Head Pressure 40% 41% 42% 42% 41% 41% 41% 42% 44% 46% 48% 49% 50%
Refrigeration - Door Gasket Replacement 40% 41% 42% 42% 41% 41% 41% 42% 44% 46% 48% 49% 50%
Insulation - Bare Suction Lines 40% 41% 42% 42% 41% 41% 41% 42% 44% 46% 48% 49% 50%
Refrigeration - Night Covers 40% 41% 42% 42% 41% 41% 41% 42% 44% 46% 48% 49% 50%
Refrigeration - Strip Curtain 40% 41% 42% 42% 41% 41% 41% 42% 44% 46% 48% 49% 50%
Vending Machine - Controller 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
LED Exit Lighting 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Retrocommissioning - Lighting 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Refrigeration - High Efficiency Case Lighting 40% 41% 42% 42% 41% 41% 41% 42% 44% 46% 48% 49% 50%
Exterior Lighting - Cold Cathode Lighting 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Laundry - High Efficiency Clothes Washer 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Interior Lighting - Hotel Guestroom Controls 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Miscellaneous - Energy Star Water Cooler 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Commissioning - HVAC 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Commissioning - Comprehensive 20% 21% 23% 25% 26% 28% 30% 31% 33% 35% 37% 38% 40%
Commissioning - Lighting 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Advanced New Construction Designs 20% 21% 23% 25% 26% 28% 30% 31% 33% 35% 37% 38% 40%
Insulation - Wall Cavity 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Roofs - Green 20% 21% 23% 25% 26% 28% 30% 31% 33% 35% 37% 38% 40%
Interior Lighting - Skylights 20% 21% 23% 25% 26% 28% 30% 31% 33% 35% 37% 38% 40%
Ventilation - Demand Control Ventilation 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Office Equipment - Smart Power Strips 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Strategic Energy Management 40% 41% 42% 42% 41% 41% 41% 42% 44% 46% 48% 49% 50%
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Floating section Pressure - Air-cooled Cond. 40% 41% 42% 42% 41% 41% 41% 42% 44% 46% 48% 49% 50%
Refrigeration - Multiplex Controls - Floating section Pressure - Evap. Cond. 40% 41% 42% 42% 41% 41% 41% 42% 44% 46% 48% 49% 50%
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff. Air-cooled Condenser 40% 41% 42% 42% 41% 41% 41% 42% 44% 46% 48% 49% 50%
Refrigeration - Multiplex - Eff. Water-cooled Condenser 40% 41% 42% 42% 41% 41% 41% 42% 44% 46% 48% 49% 50%
Refrigeration - System Controls 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Refrigeration - System Maintenance 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Refrigeration - System Optimization 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Motors - Variable Frequency Drive 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Motors - Magnetic Adjustable Speed Drives 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Compressed Air - System Controls 40% 41% 42% 42% 41% 41% 41% 42% 44% 46% 48% 49% 50%
862
Market Adoption Factors
D-8 www.enernoc.com
Measures 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026
Compressed Air - System Optimization and Improvements 40% 41% 42% 42% 41% 41% 41% 42% 44% 46% 48% 49% 50%
Compressed Air - System Maintenance 40% 41% 42% 42% 41% 41% 41% 42% 44% 46% 48% 49% 50%
Compressed Air - Compressor Replacement 40% 41% 42% 42% 41% 41% 41% 42% 44% 46% 48% 49% 50%
Fan System - Controls 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Fan System - Optimization 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Fan System - Maintenance 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Pumping System - Controls 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Pumping System - Optimization 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Pumping System - Maintenance 54% 55% 56% 57% 58% 59% 60% 60% 61% 62% 63% 64% 65%
Transformers 40% 41% 42% 42% 41% 41% 41% 42% 44% 46% 48% 49% 50%
Motors - Synchronous belts 40% 41% 42% 42% 41% 41% 41% 42% 44% 46% 48% 49% 50%

863

EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting E-1
APPENDIX E
ANNUAL SAVINGS
This section presents the estimates of annual savings. Selected years are shown in Chapter 4 of the CPA report. Table E-1 and Table E-2show the
overall annual savings for all sectors combined. Table E-3 through Table E-6 show the annual savings for the individual sectors.

Table E-1 Annual Electric Energy Savings, All Sectors (1,000 MWh)
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Cumulative Savings (1,000 MWh)
Achievable Potential 51 100 168 240 325 417 458 515 579 634
Economic Potential 315 476 679 881 1,079 1,284 1,361 1,447 1,552 1,655
Technical Potential 1,161 1,368 1,656 1,966 2,239 2,517 2,695 2,862 3,029 3,173
Incremental Savings (1,000 MWh)
Achievable Potential 51 50 68 72 84 93 41 57 64 55
Economic Potential 315 162 202 203 198 204 78 86 104 103
Technical Potential 1,161 206 289 310 273 278 178 168 166 144

864
Annual Savings
E-2 www.enernoc.com
Table E-2 Annual Electric Energy Savings, All Sectors (1,000 MWh) (continued)
2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033
Cumulative Savings (1,000 MWh)
Achievable Potential 685 761 834 903 977 1,037 1,103 1,175 1,262 1,352
Economic Potential 1,751 1,896 2,020 2,138 2,259 2,315 2,388 2,468 2,561 2,652
Technical Potential 3,302 3,472 3,617 3,752 3,884 3,979 4,070 4,163 4,252 4,340
Incremental Savings (1,000 MWh)
Achievable Potential 51 76 73 69 74 60 66 71 88 90
Economic Potential 96 145 124 118 121 56 74 79 93 91
Technical Potential 129 170 145 135 133 94 91 93 89 88

865
Annual Savings
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting E-3
Table E-3 Annual Electric Energy Savings, Residential (1,000 MWh)
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Cumulative Savings (1,000 MWh)
Achievable Potential 22 43 75 110 148 189 209 224 241 252
Economic Potential 231 335 469 611 745 879 926 955 998 1,042
Technical Potential 963 1,038 1,154 1,266 1,338 1,409 1,430 1,433 1,454 1,473
Incremental Savings (1,000 MWh)
Achievable Potential 22 21 32 35 37 42 19 16 16 11
Economic Potential 231 104 134 142 133 135 46 30 43 43
Technical Potential 963 74 116 112 73 70 22 3 20 20

866
Annual Savings
E-4 www.enernoc.com
Table E-4 Annual Electric Energy Savings, Residential (1,000 MWh) (continued)
2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033
Cumulative Savings (1,000 MWh)
Achievable Potential 263 293 324 357 392 419 447 477 510 547
Economic Potential 1,083 1,164 1,239 1,314 1,390 1,412 1,442 1,474 1,512 1,549
Technical Potential 1,492 1,553 1,611 1,669 1,727 1,765 1,802 1,840 1,876 1,912
Incremental Savings (1,000 MWh)
Achievable Potential 11 30 31 32 35 27 28 30 34 37
Economic Potential 42 81 75 75 76 21 30 32 38 38
Technical Potential 19 61 58 58 59 37 38 38 36 35

867
Annual Savings
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting E-5
Table E-5 Annual Electric Energy Savings, C/I (1,000 MWh)
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Cumulative Savings (1,000 MWh)
Achievable Potential 29 57 93 130 177 228 250 291 338 382
Economic Potential 84 141 210 270 334 404 436 492 554 613
Technical Potential 198 330 503 701 901 1,108 1,264 1,429 1,575 1,700
Incremental Savings (1,000 MWh)
Achievable Potential 29 29 36 37 47 51 22 41 48 43
Economic Potential 84 58 69 60 64 70 31 57 61 60
Technical Potential 198 132 173 198 200 208 156 165 146 125

868
Annual Savings
E-6 www.enernoc.com
Table E-6 Annual Electric Energy Savings, C/I (1,000 MWh) (continued)
2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033
Cumulative Savings (1,000 MWh)
Achievable Potential 422 468 509 546 585 618 656 698 752 805
Economic Potential 668 732 781 824 868 903 946 994 1,049 1,103
Technical Potential 1,809 1,919 2,006 2,083 2,157 2,214 2,268 2,323 2,376 2,428
Incremental Savings (1,000 MWh)
Achievable Potential 40 46 42 37 39 34 38 42 54 53
Economic Potential 54 64 49 43 45 34 43 47 56 53
Technical Potential 110 109 87 77 74 57 53 55 53 52

869
870

EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting
500 Ygnacio Valley Road, Suite 450
Walnut Creek, CA 94596
P: 925.482.2000 F: 925.284.3147
About EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting
EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting is part of EnerNOC Utility Solutions group, which
provides a comprehensive suite of demand-side management (DSM) services to
utilities and grid operators worldwide. Hundreds of utilities have leveraged our
technology, our people, and our proven processes to make their energy efficiency
(EE) and demand response (DR) initiatives a success. Utilities trust EnerNOC to work
with them at every stage of the DSM program lifecycle – assessing market potential,
designing effective programs, implementing those programs, and measuring program
results.
EnerNOC Utility Solutions delivers value to our utility clients through two separate
practice areas – Program Implementation and EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting.
• Our Program Implementation team leverages EnerNOC’s deep ―behind-the-meter
expertise‖ and world-class technology platform to help utilities create and
manage DR and EE programs that deliver reliable and cost-effective energy
savings. We focus exclusively on the commercial and industrial (C&I) customer
segments, with a track record of successful partnerships that spans more than a
decade. Through a focus on high quality, measurable savings, EnerNOC has
successfully delivered hundreds of thousands of MWh of energy efficiency for
our utility clients, and we have thousands of MW of demand response capacity
under management.
• The EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting team provides expertise and analysis
to support a broad range of utility DSM activities, including: potential
assessments; end-use forecasts; integrated resource planning; EE, DR, and
smart grid pilot and program design and administration; load research;
technology assessments and demonstrations; evaluation, measurement and
verification; and regulatory support.
The EnerNOC Utility Solutions Consulting team has decades of combined experience
in the utility DSM industry. The staff is comprised of professional electrical,
mechanical, chemical, civil, industrial, and environmental engineers as well as
economists, business planners, project managers, market researchers, load research
professionals, and statisticians. Utilities view our experts as trusted advisors, and we
work together collaboratively to make any DSM initiative a success.
871

2013 Electric Integrated
Resource Plan

Appendix D – 2013 Electric IRP
Transmission Studies

872
Interoffice Memorandum
System Planning
MEMO: SP-2012-09
DATE: August 14, 2012
TO: Scott Waples
FROM: Richard Maguire
SUBJECT: 2013 IRP Generation Study – Nine Mile HED

Introduction

This study addresses a request from Avista’s Power Supply Department for the 2013 IRP regarding
increasing the capacity of Nine Mile HED to 60 MW.

The study addresses the following:
Power flow impact to the transmission system
Voltage level impact to the transmission system
Transmission system upgrades necessary to deliver requested generation

History

The Nine Mile project was built by a private developer in 1908 near Nine Mile Falls, Washington, nine
miles northwest of Spokane. The Company purchased the project in 1925 from the Spokane &
Eastern Railway. Its four units have a 17.6 MW maximum capacity and a 26.4 MW nameplate rating.

Currently Unit 1 provides no generation and Unit 2 is limited to half load and unit 4 failed in the spring
of 2011. These units will be replaced, and the desired capacity of the plant upon replacement of the
new units is 60 MW. Avista expects the new capacity will add incremental energy towards meeting
Washington State Energy Independence Act goals.

Study Methodology and Assumptions

Avista’s five year planning horizon planning cases are used and modified with the following projects
prior to transmission system analysis:
Spokane Valley Transmission Reinforcement Project
Moscow Transformer Replacement Project
Lancaster Loop-In Project
Palouse Wind Phase I (LGIP #5)

Study Results

Studies for this request confirm that Avista’s transmission system has adequate capacity to integrate
the Nine Mile HED at a total plant output of 60 MW under all conditions studied.

The limiting element is the Nine Mile – Indian Trail 115 kV transmission line, and figures showing the
base case plus two limiting contingencies follow.

873

Figure 1. N-0, Avista Spring Case AVA-11ls1ae-16BA1328-WOH4140

Figure 2. Limiting Contingency: N-1: Airway Heights - Devils Gap 115 kV Open @ DGP

874

Figure 3. Limiting Contingency: BF A180 Airway Heights 115 kV, Airway Heights - Devils Gap

Distribution:

S. Waples
Sharepoint (System Planning)
OASIS Posting
Power Supply (J. Gall)

875
Interoffice Memorandum
System Planning
MEMO: SP-2013-04
DATE: January 14, 2013
TO: Scott Waples
FROM: Richard Maguire
SUBJECT: 2013 IRP Generation Study – Long Lake HED

Introduction

This study addresses a request from Avista’s Power Supply Department for the 2013 IRP regarding
increasing the capacity of Long Lake HED by 68 MW.

This preliminary study addresses the following:
Power flow impact to the transmission system
Voltage level impact to the transmission system
Transmission System upgrades necessary to deliver requested generation

History

The Long Lake project is located northwest of Spokane and maintains the Lake Spokane reservoir,
also known as Long Lake. The facility was the highest spillway dam with the largest turbines in the
world when it was completed in 1915. The plant was upgraded with new runners in the 1990s, adding
2.2 aMW of additional energy. The project’s four units provide 88.0 MW of combined capacity and
have an 81.6 MW nameplate rating.

Study Methodology and Assumptions

The five year planning horizon, Avista planning cases, as documented in SP-2011-03 – 2011
Planning Cases Summary Data are modified with the following projects and adjustments before
system analysis:
LGIR #5
Lind 115 kV Substation Reactive Support
2013 IRP Generation Request for Nine Mile HED (60 MW Total)
Nine Mile HED and Little Falls HED set to maximum generation dispatch
Increases in Long Lake generation are balanced by decrementing an injection group
including all Avista generation with the exception of Long Lake HED, Nine Mile HED, and
Little Falls HED.
Western Montana Hydro is limited to 1650 MW
West of Hatwai is limited to 4277 MW

The most limiting case found during this study is the Light Summer with High West of Hatwai Flows
(High Transfer Case) numbered AVA-11ls1ae-12BA1251-WOH4277. This is the primary case used in
this study.

Figure 1 below presents a high-level view of the Transmission System near Devil’s Gap with Long
Lake HED generating an additional 68 MW. Note the loading on the Nine Mile – Westside 115 kV
Transmission Line. Table 1 below shows regional power flows with the additional generation.

876
Figure 1: Avista Transmission System near Long Lake HED

Table 1: Regional Power Flows used during system study

Western Montana Hydro 1624.3 MW West of Hatwai (Path 6)4231.3 MW
Noxon Rapids (562MW)483.0 MW Lolo-Oxbow 230kV 129.2 MW
Cabinet Gorge (265MW)221.3 MW Dry Creek-Walla Walla 230kV 176.8 MW
Libby (605MW)540.0 MW
Hungry Horse (430MW)380.0 MW West of Cabinet 3301.6 MW
Montana-Northwest (Path 8)2065.1 MW
Colstrip Total
Colstrip 1 (330MW)330.0 MW Idaho-Northwest (Path 14)751.2 MW
Colstrip 2 (330MW)330.0 MW Midpoint-Summer Lake (Path 75)819.6 MW
Colstrip 3 (823MW)787.5 MW Idaho-Montana (Path 18)-191.9 MW
Colstrip 4 (823MW)792.8 MW
South of Boundary 963.5 MW
Rathdrum Thermal (175MW)130.0 MW North of John Day (Path 73)4525.6 MW
Lancaster Thermal (270MW)249.0 MW TOT 4A (Path 37)454.4 MW
Spokane River Hydro 291.8 MW Miles City DC 200.0 MW
Boundary Hydro (1040MW)975.0 MW
Path C (Path 20)537.4 MW
Lower Snake/N.F. Clearwater Borah West (Path 17)1578.2 MW
Dworshak (458MW)344.6 MW Bridger West (Path 19)2104.2 MW
Lower Granite (930MW)155.0 MW Pacific AC Intertie (Path 66)2855.0 MW
Little Goose (930MW)155.0 MW Pacific DC Intertie (Path 65)1999.9 MW
Lower Monumental (930MW)273.5 MW
Northwest Load 17796.4 MW
Coulee Generation Idaho Load 2326.0 MW
Coulee 500 kV 546.7 MW Montana Load 1339.5 MW
Coulee 230 kV 125.0 MW Avista Native Load -837.0 MW
Avista Balancing Area Load 1179.9 MW
Clearwater Load 63.6 MW
877

Study Results

Thermal Performance during N-0 conditions

This preliminary study indicates the Avista Transmission System has adequate capacity to integrate
an additional 68 MW of generation at Long Lake HED with all lines in service.

Thermal Performance during N-1 conditions

Table 2 shows the results of a study using PowerWorld Simulator’s Available Transfer Capability tool
for Long Lake HED. The table shows limiting transmission segments for contingencies in violation as
generation at Long Lake is incremented. In order to incorporate 68 MW of additional generation at
Long Lake HED while maintaining Transmission System thermal reliability under N-1 conditions, the
following 115 kV Transmission Lines would need upgrades to at least 795 ACSS conductor:
1. Devils Gap – Long Lake #1
2. Devils Gap – Long Lake #2
3. Devils Gap – Ninemile
4. Ninemile – West Side
5. Airway Heights – Devils Gap
6. Airway Heights – Sunset

An approximate cost to reconductor 57.54 miles of 115 kV transmission line would be $ 9.9M1.

Table 2: Available Transfer Capability for Long Lake HED

1 All construction costs are in 2013-year dollars and are based on engineering judgment only with +/- 50%
error
Incremental Generation Limiting CTG From Name To Name
1.86 BF: A413 Westside 115 kV, Ninemile-Westside AIRWAYHT SUNSET
1.89 N-1: Airway Heights - Devils Gap 115 kV Open @ DGP INDTRAIL WEST
3.32 N-1: Airway Heights - Devils Gap 115 kV INDTRAIL WEST
4.05 PSF: Westside 115 kV AIRWAYHT SUNSET
4.12 BF: A180 Airway Heights 115 kV, Airway Heights-Devils Gap INDTRAIL WEST
4.19 PSF: Airway Heights 115 kV INDTRAIL WEST
4.52 N-1: Nine Mile - Westside 115 kV Open @ WES AIRWAYHT SUNSET
8.13 N-1: Airway Heights - Devils Gap 115 kV Open @ AIR INDTRAIL WEST
11.58 N-1: Nine Mile - Westside 115 kV Open @ NMS DEVILGPE W.PLAINS
11.8 N-1: Nine Mile - Westside 115 kV DEVILGPE W.PLAINS
15.03 BF: A413 Westside 115 kV, Ninemile-Westside DEVILGPE W.PLAINS
17.21 PSF: Westside 115 kV DEVILGPE W.PLAINS
17.29 N-1: Nine Mile - Westside 115 kV Open @ WES DEVILGPE W.PLAINS
20.54 N-1: Nine Mile - Westside 115 kV Open @ NMS AIRWAYHT W.PLAINS
20.75 N-1: Nine Mile - Westside 115 kV AIRWAYHT W.PLAINS
24.19 BF: A413 Westside 115 kV, Ninemile-Westside AIRWAYHT W.PLAINS
26.27 N-1: Nine Mile - Westside 115 kV Open @ WES AIRWAYHT W.PLAINS
26.36 PSF: Westside 115 kV AIRWAYHT W.PLAINS
35.57 N-1: Devils Gap - Long Lake #1 115 kV DEVILGPE LONGLAKW
45.31 N-1: Devils Gap - Long Lake #2 115 kV DEVILGPE LONGLAKE
68.26 N-1: Airway Heights - Devils Gap 115 kV Open @ DGP DEVILGPE NINEMILE
69.63 N-1: Airway Heights - Devils Gap 115 kV DEVILGPE NINEMILE
70.43 BF: A180 Airway Heights 115 kV, Airway Heights-Devils Gap DEVILGPE NINEMILE
70.43 PSF: Airway Heights 115 kV DEVILGPE NINEMILE
74.43 N-1: Airway Heights - Devils Gap 115 kV Open @ AIR DEVILGPE NINEMILE
878
Voltage Stability

Preliminary voltage studies show that 68 MW of additional generation at Long Lake HED does not
introduce any new voltage issues on the Avista Transmission System.

Conclusion

This study indicates the requested new generation at Long Lake HED performs adequately on the
local Transmission System with potential updates to several 115 kV Transmission Lines in the West
Spokane area.

Potential cost of upgrading Transmission Lines is $9.9 M, and further costs might be necessary to
mitigate issues uncovered in more detailed thermal and transient stability studies.

Distribution:

Scott Waples
SharePoint (System Planning)
Avista OASIS Posting
James Gall - Power Supply & Resource Planning
879
Interoffice Memorandum
System Planning
MEMO: SP-2013-03
DATE: January 22, 2013
TO: Scott Waples
FROM: Richard Maguire
SUBJECT: 2013 IRP Generation Study – Monroe Street HED

Introduction

This study addresses a request from Avista’s Power Supply Department for the 2013 IRP regarding
adding 80 MW of additional capacity to Monroe Street HED.

This preliminary study addresses the following:
Thermal impact to the transmission system
Voltage stability impact to the transmission system
Transmission System upgrades necessary to deliver requested generation

History

The Monroe Street facility was the Company’s first generating unit. It started service in 1890 near
what is now Riverfront Park. Rebuilt in 1992, the single generating unit now has a 15.0 MW maximum
capacity and a 14.8 MW nameplate rating.

Study Methodology and Assumptions

The five year planning horizon, Avista planning cases, as documented in SP-2011-03 – 2011
Planning Cases Summary Data are modified with the following projects and adjustments before
system analysis:
LGIR #5
LGIR #35
Lind 115 kV Substation Reactive Support
Increases in Monroe Street generation are balanced by decrementing an injection group
including all Avista generation with the exception of generation at Monroe Street HED and
Upper Falls HED.
Western Montana Hydro is limited to 1650 MW
West of Hatwai is limited to 4277 MW

The most limiting case found during this study is the Light Summer with High West of Hatwai Flows
(Heavy Summer, High Hydro Case) numbered AVA-11ls1ae-12BA1251-WOH4277. This is the
primary case used in this study.

Figure 1 below presents a high-level view of the Transmission System near Monroe Street HED with
the additional 80 MW of generation supplied by a study generator.

880
Figure 1: Avista Transmission System near Monroe Street HED

Study Results

Thermal Performance during N-0

This preliminary power flow study indicates the Avista Transmission System has adequate capacity to
integrate 80 MW of additional generation at Monroe Street HED with all lines in service.

Thermal Performance during N-1

This preliminary power flow study indicates the Avista Transmission System has adequate capacity to
integrate 80 MW of additional generation at Monroe Street HED during N-1 contingency conditions.
Table 1 shows the results of a study using PowerWorld Simulator’s Available Transfer Capability tool
for Monroe Street HED. The study reveals the next closest N-1 contingency violation as an overload
of the Post Street – Third and Hatch 115 kV transmission line during the PSF: Westside 115 kV
contingency if the additional generation capacity at Monroe Street HED was 122.85 MW.

Table 1: PowerWorld ATC results for Monroe Street HED

Trans Lim From Name To Name Limiting CTG
122.85 POSTSTRT THIRHACH PSF: Westside 115 kV
132.47 POSTSTRT THIRHACH BF: A470 Westside 115 kV, College & Walnut-Westside
135.41 POSTSTRT THIRHACH BF: A410 Westside 115 kV, Sunset-Westside
139.77 POSTSTRT THIRHACH BF: A413 Westside 115 kV, Ninemile-Westside
142.54 POSTSTRT THIRHACH BUS: Westside 115 kV

Voltage Stability

Preliminary voltage studies show that 80 MW of additional generation at Monroe Street HED does not
introduce any new voltage issues on the Avista Transmission System.

881
Conclusion

This preliminary study indicates the requested generation at Monroe Street HED performs adequately
on the local Transmission System pending any conditions revealed through further detailed thermal,
voltage, and transient stability studies.

Distribution:

Scott Waples
SharePoint (System Planning)
Avista OASIS Posting
James Gall – Power Supply & Resource Planning
882
Interoffice Memorandum
System Planning
MEMO: SP-2013-05
DATE: January 22, 2013
TO: Scott Waples
FROM: Richard Maguire
SUBJECT: 2013 IRP Generation Study – Upper Falls HED

Introduction

This study addresses a request from Avista’s Power Supply Department for the 2013 IRP regarding
adding 40 MW of additional capacity to Upper Falls HED. This study will be undertaken as a
coincident generation request with the Monroe Street IRP request for three reasons:
Upper Falls HED and Monroe Street HED connect to the Avista 115 kV Transmission System
at the same bus
The Monroe Street HED IRP request of 80 MW was found to require no transmission system
modifications, thereby showing no individual study of the Upper Falls request would be
necessary given the lesser requested capacity
It would be useful to understand the overall impact to the transmission system if both Upper
Falls HED and Monroe Street HED IRP requests are pursued

This preliminary study addresses the following:
Thermal impact to the transmission system
Voltage stability impact to the transmission system
Transmission system upgrades necessary to deliver requested generation

History

The Upper Falls project began generating in 1922 in downtown Spokane, and now is within the
boundaries of Riverfront Park. This project is comprised of a single 10.0 MW unit with a 10.26 MW
maximum capacity rating.

Study Methodology and Assumptions

The five year planning horizon, Avista planning cases, as documented in SP-2011-03 – 2011
Planning Cases Summary Data are modified with the following projects and adjustments before
system analysis:
LGIR #5
LGIR #35
2013 IRP Monroe Street Request
Lind 115 kV Substation Reactive Support
Increases in Upper Falls generation are balanced by decrementing an injection group
including all Avista generation with the exception of generation at Monroe Street HED and
Upper Falls HED.
Western Montana Hydro is limited to 1650 MW
West of Hatwai is limited to 4277 MW

The most limiting case found during this study is the Light Summer with High West of Hatwai Flows
(Heavy Summer, High Hydro Case) numbered AVA-11ls1ae-12BA1251-WOH4277. This is the
primary case used in this study.

Figure 1 below presents a high-level view of the Transmission System near Upper Falls HED with the
additional 120 MW of coincidental generation supplied by a study generator.
883
Figure 1: Avista Transmission System near Upper Falls HED

Study Results

Thermal Performance during N-0

This preliminary power flow study indicates the Avista Transmission System has adequate capacity to
integrate 40 MW of additional generation at Upper Falls HED with all lines in service. The closest N-0
violation occurs when attempting to integrate 47 MW of generation at Upper Falls which overloads the
Post Street-Third & Hatch 115 kV Transmission Line.

Thermal Performance during N-1

This preliminary power flow study indicates the Avista Transmission System has adequate capacity to
integrate 40 MW of additional generation at Upper Falls HED during N-1 contingency conditions.
Table 1 shows the results of a PowerWorld Simulator Available Transfer Capability analysis done for
Upper Falls HED. The ATC study reveals the next closest N-1 contingency violation as an overload of
the Post Street-Third & Hatch 115 kV Transmission Line during the PSF: Westside 115 kV
contingency if the additional generation capacity at Upper Falls HED exceeds 49.49 MW.

Table 1: ATC results for Upper Falls HED

Incremental
Generation
Limiting CTG From Name To Name
49.49 PSF: Westside 115 kV POSTSTRT THIRHACH
58.69 BF: A470 Westside 115 kV, College & Walnut-
Westside
POSTSTRT THIRHACH
62.04 BF: A410 Westside 115 kV, Sunset-Westside POSTSTRT THIRHACH
65.93 BF: A413 Westside 115 kV, Ninemile-Westside POSTSTRT THIRHACH
68.98 BUS: Westside 115 kV POSTSTRT THIRHACH

Voltage Stability

Preliminary voltage studies show that 40 MW of additional generation at Upper Falls HED does not
introduce any new voltage issues on the Avista Transmission System.
884

Conclusion

This preliminary study indicates the requested generation at Upper Falls HED performs adequately
on the local Transmission System pending any conditions revealed through further detailed thermal,
voltage, and transient stability studies.

Distribution:

Scott Waples
SharePoint (System Planning)
Avista OASIS Posting
James Gall - Power Supply & Resource Planning
885
Interoffice Memorandum
System Planning
MEMO: SP-2013-02
DATE: January 22, 2013
TO: Scott Waples
FROM: Richard Maguire
SUBJECT: 2013 IRP Generation Study – Post Falls HED

Introduction

This study addresses a request from Avista’s Power Supply Department for the 2013 IRP regarding
increasing the capacity of Post Falls HED to a total output of 33.5 MW.

This preliminary study addresses the following:
Thermal impact to the transmission system
Voltage stability impact to the transmission system
Transmission System upgrades necessary to deliver requested generation

History

Avista’s upper most hydroelectric facility on the Spokane River is the Post Falls project, located at its
Idaho namesake near the Washington/Idaho border. The project began operation in 1906 and
maintains lake elevation during the summer for Lake Coeur d’Alene. The project has six units, with
the last unit added in 1980. The project is capable of producing 18.0 MW and has a 14.75 MW
nameplate rating.

Study Methodology and Assumptions

The five year planning horizon, Avista planning cases, as documented in SP-2011-03 – 2011
Planning Cases Summary Data are modified with the following projects and adjustments before
system analysis:
LGIP #5
Lind 115 kV Substation Reactive Support
Increases in Post Falls generation are balanced by decrementing an injection group including
all Avista generation with the exception of Post Falls HED.
Western Montana Hydro is limited to 1650 MW
West of Hatwai is limited to 4277 MW

The most limiting case found during this study is the Heavy Summer with High Local Hydro
Generation (Heavy Summer, High Hydro Case) numbered AVA-11hs2a-12BA2085. This is the
primary case used in this study.

Figure 1 below presents a high-level view of the Transmission System near Post Falls HED. Note the
relatively large amount of local load immediately connected to the Post Falls substation when
compared to the requested 33.5 MW total plant output.

886
Figure 1: Avista Transmission System near Post Falls HED

Study Results

Thermal Performance during N-0

This preliminary power flow study indicates the Avista Transmission System has adequate capacity to
integrate 33.5 MW of total generation at Post Falls HED with all lines in service.

Thermal Performance during N-1

This preliminary power flow study indicates the Avista Transmission System has adequate capacity to
integrate 33.5 MW of total generation at Post Falls HED during N-1 contingency conditions. Table 1
shows the results of a PowerWorld Simulator Available Transfer Capability analysis done for Post
Falls HED. The ATC study reveals the next closest N-1 contingency violation as an overload of the
Post Falls – Prairie B 115 kV Transmission Line during the N-1: Otis Orchards – Post Falls 115 kV
Open @ PF contingency when the total generation capacity at Post Falls HED is 112.15 MW.

Table 1: ATC study results for Post Falls HED

Trans Lim From Name To Name Limiting CTG
112.15 POST FLS PRAIRIEB N-1: Otis Orchards - Post Falls 115 kV Open @ PF
112.16 POST FLS PRAIRIEB BF: A642 Otis Orchards 115 kV, Otis Orchards-Post Falls
112.17 POST FLS PRAIRIEB N-1: Otis Orchards - Post Falls 115 kV
112.18 POST FLS PRAIRIEB PSF: Otis Orchards 115 kV
138.87 EASTFARM POST FLS N-1: Post Falls - Ramsey 115 kV Open @ PF
139.68 EASTFARM POST FLS N-1: Post Falls - Ramsey 115 kV
139.68 EASTFARM POST FLS N-2: Post Falls - Ramsey 115 kV & Ramsey - Rathdrum #1 115 kV
147.42 OTIS LIBTYLK SUB: Beacon 230 & 115 (AVA)
173.04 CLEARWTR N LEWIST N-2: Dry Creek - North Lewiston 230 kV and Dry Creek - North Lewiston 115 kV and North Lewiston - Tucannon River 115 kV
1638.3 POST FLS PRAIRIEB PSF: Post Falls 115 kV
887
Voltage Stability

Preliminary voltage studies show that 33.5 MW of total generation at Post Falls HED does not
introduce any new voltage issues on the Avista Transmission System.

Conclusion

This preliminary study indicates the requested generation at Post Falls HED performs adequately on
the local Transmission System pending any conditions revealed through further detailed thermal,
voltage, and transient stability studies.

Distribution:

Scott Waples
SharePoint (System Planning)
Avista OASIS Posting
James Gall – Power Supply & Resource Planning
888
Interoffice Memorandum
System Planning
MEMO: SP-2012-14
DATE: October 4, 2012
TO: Scott Waples
FROM: Richard Maguire
SUBJECT: 2013 IRP Generation Study – Cabinet Gorge HED

Introduction

This brief study addresses a request from Avista’s Power Supply Department for the 2013 IRP
regarding adding up to 110 MW of new generation capacity in the form of two new units to Cabinet
Gorge HED.

History

The Cabinet Gorge project started generating power in 1952 with two units. The plant was expanded
with two additional generators in the following year. The current maximum capacity of the plant is
270.5 MW; it has a nameplate rating of 265.2 MW. Upgrades at this project began with the
replacement of the turbine for Unit 1 in 1994. Unit 3 was upgraded in 2001 and Unit 2 was upgraded
in 2004. The final unit, Unit 4, received a $6 million turbine upgrade in 2007, increasing its generating
capacity from 55 MW to 64 MW, and adding 2.1 aMW of additional energy.1

Study Methodology and Assumptions

Two of Avista’s five year planning horizon cases are modified with the following projects prior to
analysis:
Spokane Valley Transmission Reinforcement Project
Moscow Transformer Replacement Project
Lancaster Loop-In Project
Palouse Wind Phase I (LGIP #5)

The two cases used in this study are:
AVA-16hs2a-16BA2213; Heavy Summer High Hydro (HSHH)
AVA-11ls1ae-16BS1328-WOH4140; Light Loading High Transfer (HT)

These cases represent two seasonal times when maximum hydro generation is possible.

Table 1 below shows the power flow values with an additional 110 MW of generation at Cabinet
Gorge. All changes in generation are coupled with:
Limiting Western Montana Hydro to 1650 MW by reducing outputs of Libby and Hungry
Horse
Limiting West of Hatwai to 4277 MW via control of off-system generation

1 Cabinet Gorge history taken from Avista 2011 Electric Integrated Resource Plan
889

Table 1: Base Case Power Flow Summary

Study Results

Thermal Performance during N-0 conditions

The study indicates that the Avista transmission system has enough capacity to integrate an additional
110 MW of generation at Cabinet Gorge HED with all lines in service during some, but not all, conditions.
One example of a limiting condition occurs during hot summer months when the loading is high and full
hydro generation is possible. During this heavy summer, high hydro scenario, the present Avista
transmission system has just enough transmission capacity for existing generation. Figure 1 below shows
the Avista system isolated from neighbor systems for the purpose of determining transmission capacity.
This is a unique test for this study, and no other cases are evaluated with the system isolated in this way.
The image represents flows in the 2016 heavy summer high hydro case with Cabinet Gorge and Noxon
operating at maximum capacity.

Note:
This study uses existing line ratings. Avista has projects underway raising line ratings in the area,
which will result in more transmission capacity once the projects are completed.
Generation at Cabinet Gorge HED and Noxon Rapids HED could be governed within a nomogram
to mitigate thermal overloads during summer conditions when electric loading is high.
NOTE: these conclusions are contingent upon further detailed studies

West of Hatwai (Path 6)813.1 MW West of Hatwai (Path 6)4275.0 MW
Montana-Northwest (Path 8)758.7 MW Montana-Northwest (Path 8)2101.2 MW
Western Montana Hydro 1650.0 MW Western Montana Hydro 1650.0 MW
Noxon Rapids (562MW)570.6 MW Noxon Rapids (562MW)570.6 MW
Cabinet Gorge (265MW)397.0 MW Cabinet Gorge (265MW)397.0 MW
Libby (605MW)395.9 MW Libby (605MW)395.9 MW
Hungry Horse (430MW)286.5 MW Hungry Horse (430MW)286.5 MW
Colstrip 1 (330MW)329.3 MW Colstrip 1 (330MW)330.8 MW
Colstrip 2 (330MW)329.3 MW Colstrip 2 (330MW)330.8 MW
Colstrip 3 (823MW)789.1 MW Colstrip 3 (823MW)796.5 MW
Colstrip 4 (823MW)803.3 MW Colstrip 4 (823MW)801.8 MW
Rathdrum Thermal (175MW)0.0 MW Rathdrum Thermal (175MW)140.0 MW
Lancaster Thermal (270MW)248.4 MW Lancaster Thermal (270MW)249.4 MW
Spokane River Hydro 88.2 MW Spokane River Hydro 183.8 MW
Boundary Hydro (1040MW)633.6 MW Boundary Hydro (1040MW)976.5 MW
Northwest Load 26444.8 MW Northwest Load 17948.5 MW
Idaho Load 4087.0 MW Idaho Load 2326.0 MW
Montana Load 1940.3 MW Montana Load 1339.5 MW
Avista Native Load -1701.7 MW Avista Native Load -959.6 MW
Avista Balancing Area Load 1671.7 MW Avista Balancing Area Load 911.6 MW
Clearwater Load 58.2 MW Clearwater Load 58.2 MW
Heavy Summer High Hydro Light Spring High Transfer
890
Figure 1: 2016 HSHH, all facilities in service, Cabinet Gorge @287MW

Thermal Performance during N-1 conditions

Given the current study reveals Cabinet Gorge HED must be limited to zero additional capacity when
operating under conditions similar to those used in the Heavy Summer, High Hydro case, only the High
Transfer case is used to consider N-1 contingency violations.

All new N-1 contingency violations found during this study are in the immediate vicinity of the Cabinet
Gorge HED. Figure 2 shows the most limiting contingency occuring when the Cabinet to Noxon 230 kV
line overloads with a loss of the 230 kV line to Rathdrum for a failure of breaker R404.2 As noted in the
notes above, Avista has transmission projects underway that lessen the severity of all of the N-1
contingency violations found in this study, and further detailed study will determine what, if any, N-1
violations still exist once the local projects are completed.

Note: Reducing the new generation at Cabinet Gorge to values less than the requested 110 MW directly
impacts the new limiting N-1 contingency violations. This behavior likely reduces the steady state
nomogram discussed above.

Figure 2: Cabinet-Noxon 230 kV overload during R404 breaker failure

Voltage Stability

With all lines in service, an addition of 110 MW at Cabinet Gorge does not introduce any new voltage
violations during N-0 conditions. However, this study indicates several new voltage violations are present
during N-1 conditions. The limiting contingency regarding voltage stability occurs at Bus 48057, the
Cabinet Gorge 230 kV bus, during the N-1: Cabinet – Noxon 230 kV contingency. The voltage limit used
is 1.015 pu, the initial value is 1.045 pu, and the value during contingency is 1.0049 pu. Figure 3 shows
the violation.

2 BF: R404 Cabinet-Rathdrum, Rathdrum #2 230/115 Transformer
891
All of the newly created voltage violations can be mitigated by reducing generation at Cabinet Gorge to
levels above present values but below the requested 110 MW addition. Additionally, existing and planned
projects on the Avista transmission system positively influence these new voltage violations. Further
detailed studies are necessary to fully characterize voltage performance.

Figure 3: 2016 HT, Voltage Limit Violation, N-1: Cabinet – Noxon 230 kV

Transient Stability

Preliminary studies indicate new generation at Cabinet Gorge adds stability violations during N-1
conditions, and additional generation exacerbates stability issues addressed by the existing Clark Fork
remedial action scheme (i.e. RAS). Adding any new generation to the existing RAS scheme clears
several of the new N-1 violations, but further studies are necessary to accurately assess solutions for the
other violations. Possible solutions could be changes to the existing RAS, a nomogram as discussed
above, and/or transmission projects to mitigate violations.

Conclusions

This study indicates the requested new generation at Cabinet Gorge performs adequately on the local
transmission system with potential updates to the Clark Fork RAS and limits to Cabinet Gorge and Noxon
combined output via a seasonally adjusted nomogram determined by further study.

If operating Cabinet Gorge without limitation is desired, preliminary studies show this is possible via
potential projects on one or more of the 230 kV transmission lines carrying power to the load center.

Distribution:

S. Waples
Sharepoint (System Planning)
OASIS Posting
Power Supply (J. Gall)

892
500 MW of New Generation in the Rathdrum Area Page 1

Interoffice Memorandum
System Planning
MEMO: SP-2011-08 Rev A
DATE: August 11, 2011
TO: James Gall, IRP Group
FROM: Reuben Arts
SUBJECT: 500 MW of New Generation in the Rathdrum Area

Introduction
Based on initial 2011 IRP analysis 200 MW of new capacity is required in 2019-2020 and an additional
300 MW of capacity in the 2022-2024 time period. North Idaho is one of several potential locations this
capacity could be added, but requires further detail to understand its potential.
Problem Statement
The IRP group is specifically interested in the cost for both the point of integration (POI) station and
associated system upgrades, to integrate the new generation with the following options:
1. Cabinet-Rathdrum 230 kV transmission line (assume 5 miles from Rathdrum)
2. Rathdrum-Boulder 230 kV transmission line (assume Lancaster looped in, and assume the
generation is half way between Lancaster and Rathdrum)
3. Rathdrum-Beacon 230 kV transmission line (assume 1-2 miles from Rathdrum)
4. Double Tap, Rathdrum-Boulder and Rathdrum-Beacon 230 kV transmission lines (again assume
Lancaster is looped in and that the new generation will tap between Lancaster and Rathdrum)
5. Mixed location. 300 MW at the least cost option (between 1 and 4) and an additional 200 MW on
the Cabinet-Rathdrum 230 kV transmission line.
6. Other Transmission Alternatives

Power Flow Analysis
The case that was used to highlight the impacts of an additional 500 MW in the Rathdrum area was the
WECC approved and Avista modified light summer high flow case (AVA-11ls1ae-12BA1251-WOH4277).
The West of Hatwai path typically experiences high flows during light Avista load hours. High West of
Hatwai flows tend to coincide with high Western Montana Hydro generation, high Boundary generation,
high flows on Montana to Northwest, and light loads in Eastern Washington, North Idaho, and Montana.
Existing Clark Fork RAS is in place, and assumed armed, since the Western Montana Hydro (WMH)
complex is greater than 1450 MW. Since the New Project would require significant Avista system
transmission changes, and RAS changes, the results are listed as though RAS were not armed. This does
affect the results of some contingencies, but ultimately does not change the conclusions of this memo.

Option 1
Perhaps one of the worst performing arrangements is option 1.This option immediately requires another
line, or a line reconductor, from the 500 MW project back to Rathdrum. In order to stay within N-0 thermal
limits the project can only be 175 MW without any system upgrades. In a high flow, N-0 scenario, the line
segment from the project back to Rathdrum loads to around 163%, which is roughly 272 MW overloaded.
There are a handful of N-1 and N-2 contingencies that cause significant thermal violations, the worst N-1
being the loss of the 230 kV transmission line from the new project to Rathdrum. See Figure 1
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500 MW of New Generation in the Rathdrum Area Page 2

Figure 1 – N-1 Contingency

In addition to this worst case outage there are two N-2 scenarios that cause fairly significant problems as
well. The Beacon-Rathdrum and Boulder-Lancaster-Rathdrum 230 kV transmission lines share a common
structure for the majority of the line lengths. Losing both lines to the west of Lancaster causes the Bell S3-
Lancaster 230 kV transmission line to overload. Losing both lines to the east of Lancaster, causes nearly
the same scenario as shown in Figure 1.
To alleviate these overloads three new 230 kV transmission lines, would need to be built. First the
Rathdrum-New Project 230 kV transmission line must be reconductored at a cost of roughly $2.25M.
Second, A 230 kV transmission line, with new right-of-way, must be built from the New Project to
Lancaster. The estimated distance for this line is roughly 5 miles. The estimated loaded cost for this line,
including a new line position at Lancaster and at the New Project, is roughly $9M. Finally, another 230 kV
transmission line, again with new right-of-way, is required from Lancaster to Boulder. This line length is
estimate at roughly 15 miles. The estimated loaded cost of the new line, including new line positions, is
roughly $17M. New right-of-way in this area will be difficult to obtain, which would have the potential of
more than doubling costs.
RAS may be a viable solution. If at all possible RAS should be a last resort. Unlike improving our
transmission system, RAS does not provide operational flexibility and in some cases can compound the
impacts of future generation needs. However, it does represent the cheapest solution and is therefore
listed as solution 1.

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500 MW of New Generation in the Rathdrum Area Page 3

Option 1 N-0 Max.
Output
Facility Requirement1 Total2
($000)
Solution 1 500 MW Reconductor 230 kV transmission line from new station to
Rathdrum, New 230 kV DB-DB Station and RAS3 13,250
Solution 2 500 MW Reconductor from Rathdrum-New Project. New line from
Lancaster to New Project. New line from Lancaster to
Boulder, New 230 kV DB-DB Station
36,250

Option 2
This option would tap the Rathdrum-Boulder, or what soon will be the Rathdrum-Lancaster-Boulder, 230
kV transmission line. This options has no N-0 issues at the full requested 500 MW. There are a handful of
N-1 and N-2 contingencies that cause significant thermal violations, the worst being the loss of the
Lancaster-Boulder & Rathdrum-Beacon 230 kV transmission lines. These lines share a common structure
and therefore represent a credible N-2 scenario. This outage causes the Lancaster-Bell S3 230 kV
transmission line to load to 189%, or roughly 450 MW above its thermal limit. See Figure 2.

Figure 2 - N-2 Contingency

To alleviate these overloads two new 230 kV transmission lines, would need to be built. A 230 kV
transmission line, with new right-of-way, must be built from the New Project to Lancaster. The estimated
distance for this line is roughly 3 miles. The estimated loaded cost for this line, including a new line
position at Lancaster and at the New Project, is roughly $8M. Another 230 kV transmission line, again with
new right-of-way, is required from Lancaster to Boulder. This line length is estimate at roughly 15 miles.
The estimated loaded cost of the new line, including new line positions, is roughly $17M. New right-of-way
in this area will be difficult to obtain, which would have the potential of more than doubling costs.
1 Cost estimates do not include costs of the radial line to the POI, the generator or generator station if applicable. 2 Total is for network and direct assigned costs, are in 2011 dollars, and is +/- 50%. 3 The RAS portion is a worst case scenario where another fiber loop is required. $3M allocated for RAS.
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500 MW of New Generation in the Rathdrum Area Page 4

RAS may be a viable solution. If at all possible RAS should be a last resort. Unlike improving our
transmission system, RAS does not provide operational flexibility and in some cases can compound the
impacts of future generation needs. However, it does represent the cheapest solution and is therefore
listed as solution 1.

Option 2 N-0 Max.
Output
Facility Requirement4 Total5
($000)
Solution 1 500 MW New 230 kV DB-DB Station and RAS6 11,000
Solution 2 500 MW New line from Lancaster to New Project. New line from
Lancaster to Boulder, New 230 kV DB-DB Station
33,000

Option 3
This option taps the Rathdrum-Beacon 230 kV transmission line. Again, this options has no N-0 issues at
the full requested 500 MW. There are a handful of N-1 and N-2 contingencies that cause significant
thermal violations, the worst being the loss of the Beacon-New Project & Rathdrum-Lancaster 230 kV
transmission lines. These lines share a common structure and therefore represent a credible N-2
scenario. This outage forces the entire proposed 500 MW toward Cabinet and Noxon. This causes
overloads on the Cabinet-Noxon and Pine Creek-Benewah 230 kV transmission lines. See Figure 3.

Figure 3 - N-2 Contingency

4 Cost estimates do not include costs of the radial line to the POI, the generator or generator station if applicable. 5 Total is for network and direct assigned costs, are in 2011 dollars, and is +/- 50%. 6 The RAS portion is a worst case scenario where another fiber loop is required. $3M allocated for RAS.
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500 MW of New Generation in the Rathdrum Area Page 5

To alleviate these overloads two new 230 kV transmission lines, would need to be built. A 230 kV
transmission line, with new right-of-way, must be built from the New Project to Lancaster. The estimated
distance for this line is roughly 3 miles. The estimated loaded cost for this line, including a new line
position at Lancaster and at the New Project, is roughly $8M. Another 230 kV transmission line, again with
new right-of-way, is required from Lancaster to Boulder. This line length is estimate at roughly 15 miles.
The estimated loaded cost of the new line, including new line positions, is roughly $17M. New right-of-way
in this area will be difficult to obtain, which would have the potential of more than doubling costs.

RAS may be a viable solution. If at all possible RAS should be a last resort. Unlike improving our
transmission system, RAS does not provide operational flexibility and in some cases can compound the
impacts of future generation needs. However, it does represent the cheapest solution and is therefore
listed as solution 1.

Option 3 N-0 Max.
Output
Facility Requirement7 Total8
($000)
Solution 1 500 MW New 230 kV DB-DB Station and RAS9 11,000
Solution 2 500 MW New line from Lancaster to New Project. New line from
Lancaster to Boulder, New 230 kV DB-DB Station
33,000

Option 4
This option taps the Rathdrum-Beacon & Rathdrum-Lancaster 230 kV transmission lines. This options has
no N-0 issues at the full requested 500 MW. There are a handful of N-1 and N-2 contingencies that cause
significant thermal violations, the worst being the loss of the Beacon-New Project & Lancaster-New
Project 230 kV transmission lines. These lines share a common structure and therefore represent a
credible N-2 scenario. This outage forces the entire proposed 500 MW toward Cabinet and Noxon. This
causes overloads on the Cabinet-Noxon and Pine Creek-Benewah 230 kV transmission lines. (Very
similar to Figure 3 on the previous page).

To alleviate these overloads two new 230 kV transmission lines, would need to be built. A 230 kV
transmission line, with new right-of-way, must be built from the New Project to Lancaster. The estimated
distance for this line is roughly 3 miles. The estimated loaded cost for this line, including a new line
position at Lancaster and at the New Project, is roughly $8M. Another 230 kV transmission line, again with
new right-of-way, is required from Lancaster to Boulder. This line length is estimate at roughly 15 miles.
The estimated loaded cost of the new line, including new line positions, is roughly $17M. New right-of-way
in this area will be difficult to obtain, which would have the potential of more than doubling costs.

RAS may be a viable solution. If at all possible RAS should be a last resort. Unlike improving our
transmission system, RAS does not provide operational flexibility and in some cases can compound the
impacts of future generation needs. However, it does represent the cheapest solution and is therefore
listed as solution 1.

Option 4 N-0 Max.
Output
Facility Requirement Total
($000)
Solution 1 500 MW New 230 kV DB-DB Station and RAS 15,000
Solution 2 500 MW New line from Lancaster to New Project. New line from
Lancaster to Boulder, New 230 kV DB-DB Station
37,000
7 Cost estimates do not include costs of the radial line to the POI, the generator or generator station if applicable. 8 Total is for network and direct assigned costs, are in 2011 dollars, and is +/- 50%. 9 The RAS portion is a worst case scenario where another fiber loop is required. $3M allocated for RAS.
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500 MW of New Generation in the Rathdrum Area Page 6

Option 5
This option taps the Rathdrum-Beacon & Rathdrum-Cabinet 230 kV transmission lines. A new switching
station is required for each tap. A 300 MW generating station would be on the Beacon-Rathdrum 230 kV
transmission line and 200 MW would be on the Rathdrum-Cabinet 230 kV transmission line. This option
has no N-0 issues at the full requested 500 MW. There are a handful of N-1 and N-2 contingencies that
cause significant thermal violations, the worst being the loss of the Beacon-New Project & Lancaster-
Rathdrum 230 kV transmission lines. These lines share a common structure and therefore represent a
credible N-2 scenario. This outage forces the entire proposed 500 MW toward Cabinet and Noxon. This
causes overloads on the Cabinet-Noxon and Pine Creek-Benewah 230 kV transmission lines. (Very
similar to what was shown in Figure 3).

To alleviate these overloads three new 230 kV transmission lines, would need to be built. A 230 kV
transmission line, with new right-of-way, must be built from the New Project (300MW piece) to Lancaster.
The estimated distance for this line is roughly 5 miles. The estimated loaded cost for this line, including a
new line position at Lancaster and at the New Project, is roughly $9M. Another 230 kV transmission line,
again with new right-of-way, is required from Lancaster to Boulder. This line length is estimate at roughly
15 miles. The estimated loaded cost of the new line, including new line positions, is roughly $17M. Finally,
for the loss of the Rathdrum-New Project (200MW piece) 230 kV transmission line, causes the Cabinet-
Noxon 230 kV transmission line to load to 117%. To alleviate this overload a new line, with new right-of-
way must be built back to Rathdrum. The estimated loaded cost of this 5 mile line, along with associated
line positions, is $9M. New right-of-way in this area will be difficult to obtain, which would have the
potential of more than doubling costs.

RAS may be a viable solution. If at all possible RAS should be a last resort. Unlike improving our
transmission system, RAS does not provide operational flexibility and in some cases can compound the
impacts of future generation needs. However, it does represent the cheapest solution and is therefore
listed as solution 1.
Option 5 N-0 Max.
Output
Facility Requirement10 Total11
($000)
Solution 1 500 MW Two New 230 kV DB-DB Stations and RAS12 22,000
Solution 2 500 MW Two New 230 kV DB-DB Stations, New line from Lancaster
to New Project (300MW). New line from Lancaster to
Boulder, New line from New Project (200MW) to Rathdrum
51,000

Option 6 – Other Transmission Alternatives
In addition to the five options listed, there are a few more options that may seem to be intuitive
interconnection points. These integration options are:
a. Lancaster 230 kV (BPA) switching station
b. Rathdrum 230/115/13.2 kV substation
c. Cabinet-Rathdrum & Noxon-Lancaster 230 kV transmission lines
d. Bell-Taft 500 kV transmission line

Option 6a - Connecting to the Lancaster 230 kV switching station would save Avista the cost of a new
switching station. It would also negate the need for a new transmission line, with associated right-of-way,
from the new project to Lancaster. The estimated savings, adding the previously quoted loaded costs, less
10 Cost estimates do not include costs of the radial line to the POI, the generator or generator station if applicable. 11 Total is for network and direct assigned costs, are in 2011 dollars, and is +/- 50%. 12 The RAS portion is a worst case scenario where another fiber loop is required. $3M allocated for RAS.
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500 MW of New Generation in the Rathdrum Area Page 7

the added cost of connecting to Lancaster, is $13M13. This does not take into account any fees associated
with connecting to BPA. This option assumes there is room in the Lancaster substation to accept the new
line position. If Lancaster substation cannot accommodate the new line position, the cost savings to
interconnect at Lancaster may be negligible or non-existent.
This option would still have all the contingency issues and associated upgrades similar to Option 2.

Option 6b - Connecting to the Rathdrum substation saves the cost of building another switching station. All
contingency results are nearly identical to connecting the project to option 2 or option 3. The estimated
savings of this option is $4M14. This option assumes there is room in the Rathdrum substation to accept
the new line position. If Rathdrum substation cannot accommodate the new line position, the cost savings
to interconnect at Rathdrum may be negligible or non-existent.

Option 6c – Tapping the Cabinet-Rathdrum & Noxon-Lancaster 230 kV transmission lines does improve
the network performance, in comparison to tapping only the Cabinet-Rathdrum 230 kV transmission line.
However, this option still requires all the same network upgrades that option 1 requires since it is still
possible to have an N-2 situation where the generation of the New Project, Noxon and Cabinet is
separated from the Coeur d’Alene/Spokane load. (See Figure 1). This option is listed for completeness.

Option 6d - Connecting solely to the Bell-Taft 500 kV transmission line cannot be done without RAS and
possibly some network upgrades on BPA’s system. In addition to the network upgrades that would likely
be required on BPA’s system, Avista would also be financially liable to pay wheeling fees from the new
project across BPA’s lines to Avista’s load. If the project is connected to both BPA’s Bell-Taft 500 kV
transmission line and Avista’s Rathdrum area 230 kV system, effectively avoiding wheeling charges, both
RAS and significant network upgrades will be required. Due to the cost of a new 500 kV substation,
associated RAS and the potentially large cost of network upgrades on BPA’s 500 kV system, this option is
not recommended.

Conclusion
Of the formally identified options, options 2 and 3 represent the least cost and best performing options. Of
the other transmission alternatives, the Lancaster switching station, followed by the Rathdrum substation,
interconnection options represent the least cost and best performing alternative options. The following
favorable options are:
Option 2: $11-33M (RAS only vs System Upgrades)15
Option 3: $11-33M (RAS only vs System Upgrades)15
Lancaster Alternative Option: $7-20M (RAS only vs System Upgrades)
Rathdrum Alternative Option: $7-33M (RAS only vs System Upgrades)

13 Assumes a network upgrade solution would be pursued, instead of a RAS only solution. 14 This $4M savings would be for either a RAS only or a network upgrade solution. 15 If the new project is interconnected to the west of Lancaster, the Lancaster-New Project 230 kV transmission line
is not needed. Hence the network upgrade cost would be reduced by $8M.
899
Interoffice Memorandum
System Planning
MEMO: SP-2013-07
DATE: February 15, 2012
TO: Scott Waples
FROM: Richard Maguire
SUBJECT: IRP Generation Study - Benewah to Boulder 230kV (BB-IRP)

Introduction

This study addresses a request from Avista’s Power Supply Department for the 2013 IRP regarding
new generation on the Benewah - Boulder 230 kV Transmission Line at one of two capacity levels:
150 MW
300 MW

The study presents information and discussion on the follow topics:
Power flow impact to the transmission system
Transmission system upgrades necessary to deliver requested generation

Study Assumptions and Methodology

The five year planning horizon Avista planning cases, as documented in SP-2011-03 – 2011 Planning
Cases Summary Data, are modified with the following projects and adjustments prior to system
analysis:
LGIR #35 project (200 MW at Thornton 230 kV Substation)
LGIR #36 project (105 MW at Thornton 230 kV Substation)
BB-IRP topology:
o Benewah – Boulder 230kV Transmission Line tapped 13.1 electrical miles North
of Benewah 230 kV Substation
o Generic generator installed on new BB-IRP 230 kV bus

The following cases are used during this study:
Avista Heavy Summer High Hydro (“HSHH”) case: AVA-11hs2a-12BA2085
o Table 1 shows power flows for this case
Avista Heavy Summer Low Hydro (“HSLH”) case: AVA-11hs2a-12BA2085-LH
o Table 2 shows power flows for this case
Avista Light Summer with High West of Hatwai (High Transfers or “HT”)Flows: AVA-
11ls1ae-12BA1251-WOH4277
o Table 3 shows power flows for this case with BB-IRP output = 300 MW

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Benewah – Boulder 2013 IRP Study

Table 1: Regional Power Flows for Heavy Summer Case

Table 2: Regional Power Flows for Light Summer Case

Western Montana Hydro 1098.1 MW West of Hatwai (Path 6)951.8 MW
Noxon Rapids (562MW)399.4 MW Lolo-Oxbow 230kV 296.0 MW
Cabinet Gorge (265MW)184.7 MW Dry Creek-Walla Walla 230kV 184.1 MW
Libby (605MW)324.0 MW
Hungry Horse (430MW)190.0 MW West of Cabinet 1581.7 MW
Montana-Northwest (Path 8)979.0 MW
Colstrip Total
Colstrip 1 (330MW)330.0 MW Idaho-Northwest (Path 14)-585.4 MW
Colstrip 2 (330MW)330.0 MW Midpoint-Summer Lake (Path 75)-48.9 MW
Colstrip 3 (823MW)795.5 MW Idaho-Montana (Path 18)-296.3 MW
Colstrip 4 (823MW)804.9 MW
South of Boundary 582.9 MW
Rathdrum Thermal (175MW)0.0 MW North of John Day (Path 73)7034.7 MW
Lancaster Thermal (270MW)249.0 MW TOT 4A (Path 37)407.0 MW
Spokane River Hydro 88.3 MW Miles City DC 142.0 MW
Boundary Hydro (1040MW)635.0 MW
Path C (Path 20)118.7 MW
Lower Snake/N.F. Clearwater Borah West (Path 17)837.4 MW
Dworshak (458MW)316.0 MW Bridger West (Path 19)2191.6 MW
Lower Granite (930MW)554.2 MW Pacific AC Intertie (Path 66)4430.9 MW
Little Goose (930MW)555.5 MW Pacific DC Intertie (Path 65)2980.0 MW
Lower Monumental (930MW)531.5 MW
Northwest Load 25129.6 MW
Coulee Generation Idaho Load 3702.5 MW
Coulee 500 kV 2308.5 MW Montana Load 1836.8 MW
Coulee 230 kV 1292.7 MW Avista Native Load -1594.3 MW
Avista Balancing Area Load 1885.6 MW
Clearwater Load 58.3 MW
Western Montana Hydro 627.1 MW West of Hatwai (Path 6)120.3 MW
Noxon Rapids (562MW)138.8 MW Lolo-Oxbow 230kV 277.0 MW
Cabinet Gorge (265MW)82.3 MW Dry Creek-Walla Walla 230kV 159.6 MW
Libby (605MW)216.0 MW
Hungry Horse (430MW)190.0 MW West of Cabinet 1110.7 MW
Montana-Northwest (Path 8)970.1 MW
Colstrip Total
Colstrip 1 (330MW)330.0 MW Idaho-Northwest (Path 14)-585.9 MW
Colstrip 2 (330MW)330.0 MW Midpoint-Summer Lake (Path 75)-76.0 MW
Colstrip 3 (823MW)764.2 MW Idaho-Montana (Path 18)-274.8 MW
Colstrip 4 (823MW)776.0 MW
South of Boundary 299.4 MW
Rathdrum Thermal (175MW)0.0 MW North of John Day (Path 73)6931.9 MW
Lancaster Thermal (270MW)249.0 MW TOT 4A (Path 37)399.6 MW
Spokane River Hydro 58.1 MW Miles City DC 142.0 MW
Boundary Hydro (1040MW)310.0 MW
Path C (Path 20)133.4 MW
Lower Snake/N.F. Clearwater Borah West (Path 17)830.6 MW
Dworshak (458MW)316.0 MW Bridger West (Path 19)2188.8 MW
Lower Granite (930MW)554.2 MW Pacific AC Intertie (Path 66)4222.6 MW
Little Goose (930MW)555.5 MW Pacific DC Intertie (Path 65)2980.0 MW
Lower Monumental (930MW)531.5 MW
Northwest Load 25129.6 MW
Coulee Generation Idaho Load 3702.5 MW
Coulee 500 kV 3066.4 MW Montana Load 1836.8 MW
Coulee 230 kV 1292.7 MW Avista Native Load -1594.3 MW
Avista Balancing Area Load 1874.1 MW
Clearwater Load 75.8 MW
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Benewah – Boulder 2013 IRP Study

Table 3: Regional Power Flows for High Transfer Case

Western Montana Hydro 1548.0 MW West of Hatwai (Path 6)4251.2 MW
Noxon Rapids (562MW)432.2 MW Lolo-Oxbow 230kV 140.1 MW
Cabinet Gorge (265MW)195.8 MW Dry Creek-Walla Walla 230kV 189.5 MW
Libby (605MW)540.0 MW
Hungry Horse (430MW)380.0 MW West of Cabinet 3204.5 MW
Montana-Northwest (Path 8)2040.8 MW
Colstrip Total
Colstrip 1 (330MW)330.0 MW Idaho-Northwest (Path 14)741.0 MW
Colstrip 2 (330MW)330.0 MW Midpoint-Summer Lake (Path 75)831.7 MW
Colstrip 3 (823MW)777.6 MW Idaho-Montana (Path 18)-198.3 MW
Colstrip 4 (823MW)782.9 MW
South of Boundary 961.8 MW
Rathdrum Thermal (175MW)116.4 MW North of John Day (Path 73)4775.0 MW
Lancaster Thermal (270MW)118.1 MW TOT 4A (Path 37)448.4 MW
Spokane River Hydro 152.4 MW Miles City DC 200.0 MW
Boundary Hydro (1040MW)975.0 MW
Path C (Path 20)528.7 MW
Lower Snake/N.F. Clearwater Borah West (Path 17)1570.2 MW
Dworshak (458MW)168.2 MW Bridger West (Path 19)2098.0 MW
Lower Granite (930MW)0.0 MW Pacific AC Intertie (Path 66)3136.7 MW
Little Goose (930MW)141.8 MW Pacific DC Intertie (Path 65)1999.9 MW
Lower Monumental (930MW)310.0 MW
Northwest Load 17796.4 MW
Coulee Generation Idaho Load 2326.0 MW
Coulee 500 kV 825.7 MW Montana Load 1339.5 MW
Coulee 230 kV 125.0 MW Avista Native Load -837.0 MW
Avista Balancing Area Load 680.3 MW
Clearwater Load 71.1 MW

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Benewah – Boulder 2013 IRP Study

Study Results

Thermal Performance during Category A conditions1

This preliminary study indicates the Avista Transmission System has adequate capacity to integrate 300
MW at the proposed interconnection point during Category A all lines in service conditions.

Thermal Performance during Category B and Category C conditions

Table 4 shows preliminary results of a study using PowerWorld Simulator’s Available Transfer Capability
(ATC) tool for generation injections at BB-IRP. This tool generates a list of facility thermal violations (From
To) that arise under contingency conditions for incremental increases in generation output (BB WM).
When the results for each case under study are collected and analyzed together with results from
standard contingency analysis studies, this tool provides an idea of what facilities overload for rising
levels of generation output.

As the table shows, there are six facilities that come into violation for a requested BB-IRP output of 150
MW, and there are an additional five facilities that come into violation for a requested BB-IRP output of
300 MW.

Table 4: Incremental generation analysis for BB-IRP IRP request2

1 Contingency category descriptions can be found at: http://www.nerc.com/files/TPL-001-0.pdf

2 BF = Breaker Failure; PSF = Protection System Failure; N-X contingencies refer to ‘X’ transmission element outages
Case MW Output Limiting Contingency From Name To Name
HSLH 27.11 BF: A470 Westside 115 kV, College & Walnut-Westside GLENTAP NINTHCNT
HSHH 28.2 BUS: Westside 115 kV POSTSTRT THIRHACH
HT 84.08 N-1: Hatwai - Moscow 230 230 kV MOSCOW MOSCOWX
HSLH 106.34 BUS: Westside 115 kV ROSSPARK THIRHACH
HSHH 106.63 BF: A413 Westside 115 kV, Ninemile-Westside POSTSTRT THIRHACH
HSHH 112.15 BF: A689 Ninth & Central South 115 kV, Ninth & Central-Otis Orchards POSTSTRT THIRHACH
HSLH 116.64 N-2: Bell - Westside 230 kV & Coulee - Westside 230 kV GLENTAP NINTHCNT
HSLH 117.24 BUS: Westside 230 kV GLENTAP NINTHCNT
HSLH 123.43 BF: A370 Bell S1 & S2 230 kV BEACON N BEACON N
HSHH 160.37 N-1: Shawnee - Thornton 230 kV MOSCOW MOSCOWX
HSHH 164.3 N-1: North Lewiston - Shawnee 230 kV TERRVIEW NPULLMAN
HSHH 173.34 BUS: North Lewiston 230 kV TERRVIEW NPULLMAN
HSLH 184.24 BF: A413 Westside 115 kV, Ninemile-Westside ROSSPARK THIRHACH
HT 206.31 N-2: Beacon - Boulder 230 kV & Beacon - Rathdrum 230 kV BOULDERE IRVIN
HT 215.35 BF: R427 Beacon North & South 230 kV BOULDERE IRVIN
HT 215.68 N-2: Beacon - Boulder 230 kV & Beacon - Rathdrum 230 kV IRVIN MILLWOOD
HT 223.63 BF: R427 Beacon North & South 230 kV IRVIN MILLWOOD
HSHH 253.83 N-2: Shawnee - Thornton 230 kV & Lind - Shawnee 115 kV MOSCOW MOSCOWX
HT 269.19 N-2: Beacon - Boulder 230 kV & Beacon - Rathdrum 230 kV BOULDERW SPKINDPK
HT 271.24 BUS: Hatwai 230 kV MOSCOWX MOSCOW
HSLH 272.76 BUS: Hatwai 230 kV MOSCOWX MOSCOW
HSLH 275.44 PSF: Ninth & Central South 115 kV BEACON S NINTHCNT
HSHH 275.67 BUS: Westside 230 kV POSTSTRT THIRHACH
HSHH 275.84 N-2: Bell - Westside 230 kV & Coulee - Westside 230 kV POSTSTRT THIRHACH
HT 280.08 BF: R427 Beacon North & South 230 kV BOULDERW SPKINDPK
HSLH 298.33 BUS: North Lewiston 230 kV HATWAI LOLO
HT 300.27 N-2: Bell - Taft 500 kV and Bell - Lancaster 230 kV BOULDER BB-IRP
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Benewah – Boulder 2013 IRP Study

Notes regarding thermal performance:
Avista has planned projects that mitigate some of the above mentioned facility violations.
However, some of the planned projects also result in new facility thermal violations during
contingencies. Further study of planned projects and potential options will be necessary.
Preliminary studies indicate some reduction in the above thermal violations when Projects #35
and #36 are removed from study, but the reduction in thermal violations is confined mainly to
limiting facilities south of BB-IRP. Without Projects #35 and #36, significant power continues to
flow north through the Boulder 230 kV substation and onto the local 115 kV Transmission
System in the Spokane and Spokane Valley areas.

Voltage Performance

Preliminary studies show voltage issues of a nature that can be addressed with properly sited reactive
support. Further detailed studies can be used to determine the exact amount and location of any reactive
support necessary to mitigate facility voltage violations.

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Potential Solutions Options3

230 kV Switching station required for all options mentioned below:
4 position double bus double breaker ~ $4 M

Option 1: Reconductor facilities brought into violation due to the requested generation
150 MW option would require:
o $3.41 M of 115 kV upgrades
300 MW option would require an additional:
o $1.9 M of 115 kV upgrades
o $5.36 M of 230 kV upgrades

Option 2: Complete currently planned projects and reconductor limiting facilities
Currently Planned Projects:
o Lancaster Interconnection
o Spokane Valley Transmission Reinforcement
o Moscow Transformer Replacement
o Westside Transformer Replacement
150 MW option would require:
o $2.4 M of 115 kV upgrades
300 MW option would require an additional:
o $932 K of 115 kV upgrades
o $5.36 M of 230 kV upgrades

Conclusion
This project is a feasible project based on the preliminary analysis performed. A summary of options and
cost estimates is given in Table 3.

Option Maximum Output Total Cost ($000)
1 150 MW $7,410
1 300 MW $14,670
2 150 MW $6,400
3 300 MW $12,690

3 All construction costs are in 2013-year dollars and based on engineering judgment alone with +/- 50% accuracy
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500 MW of New Generation in the Rathdrum Area Page 1

Interoffice Memorandum
System Planning
MEMO: SP-2011-09 Rev B - Final
DATE: January 13, 2012
TO: James Gall, IRP Group
FROM: Reuben Arts
SUBJECT: New Generation, 300 MW in the Rathdrum Area and 200 MW in the Rosalia
Area
Introduction
Based on initial 2011 IRP analysis 200 MW of new capacity is required in 2019-2020 and an
additional 300 MW of capacity in the 2022-2024 time period. North Idaho is one of several
potential locations this capacity could be added, but requires further detail to understand its
potential.
Problem Statement
As a follow up to the IRP informational request for 500 MW in N. Idaho, SP-2011-08, the IRP
group requests the following additional cost studies.

1) Split the 500 MW into ~200 MW connecting at the Thornton substation by the end of
2018, then ~300 MW integrated at Lancaster substation by the end of 2023.
2) Split the 500 MW into ~200 MW connecting at the Thornton substation by the end of
2018, then ~300 MW integrated at the Boulder- Lancaster line by the end of 2023.
3) Split the 500 MW into ~200 MW connecting at the Thornton substation by the end of
2018, then ~300 MW integrated at the Rathdrum substation by the end of 2023.

Power Flow Analysis
The case that was used to highlight the impacts of an additional 300 MW in the Rathdrum area
was the WECC approved and Avista modified light summer high flow case (AVA-11ls1ae-
12BA1251-WOH4277). The West of Hatwai path typically experiences high flows during light
Avista load hours. High West of Hatwai flows tend to coincide with high Western Montana
Hydro generation, high Boundary generation, high flows on Montana to Northwest, and light
loads in Eastern Washington, North Idaho, and Montana. Existing Clark Fork RAS is in place,
and assumed armed, since the Western Montana Hydro (WMH) complex is greater than 1450
MW. Since the New Project would require significant Avista system transmission changes, and
RAS changes, the results are listed as though RAS were not armed. This does affect the
results of some contingencies, but ultimately does not change the conclusions of this memo.

Option 1
300 MW of new generation in the Rathdrum area, near the BPA Lancaster substation and 200
MW in the Rosalia area is option 1. The 300 MW portion, assumes a new 230/13 kV Avista
generator substation would be required. Several connection possibilities exist for connecting
this substation to the 230 kV transmission system in this area. For simplification it will be
assumed that the new substation will tap the to-be-constructed Rathdrum – Lancaster 230 kV
transmission line. This option has no N-0 issues at the full 300 MW. There are a handful of N-1
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500 MW of New Generation in the Rathdrum Area Page 2

and N-2 contingencies that cause significant thermal violations, the worst being the loss of the
Lancaster-Boulder & Rathdrum-Beacon 230 kV transmission lines. These lines share a
common structure and therefore represent a credible N-2 scenario. This outage causes the
Lancaster-Bell S3 230 kV transmission line to load to 164%, or roughly 320 MW above its
thermal limit. See Figure 2.

Figure 2 - N-2 Contingency

To alleviate these overloads a new 230 kV transmission line, with new right-of-way, is required
from Lancaster to Boulder. This line length is estimate at roughly 15 miles. The estimated
loaded cost of the new line, including new line positions, is roughly $17M. New right-of-way in
this area will be difficult to obtain, which would have the potential of more than doubling costs.
RAS may be a viable solution. If at all possible RAS should be a last resort. Unlike improving
our transmission system, RAS does not provide operational flexibility and in some cases can
compound the impacts of future generation needs. However, it does represent the cheapest
solution and is therefore listed as solution 1. A RAS solution would have to integrate with the
existing Clark Fork RAS scheme and additionally trip all generation at Lancaster and the
proposed new 300 MW facility.

For the 200 MW option, to be located in Rosalia WA, it is assumed that the generation will
interconnect at the new Thornton 230 kV switching station (scheduled to be finished in 2012).
The steady state impacts from this additional 200 MW would be similar to previously studied
LGIR #14 – which sought to connect 220 MW in the Colton WA area. No new transmission
system upgrades, with the exception of the interconnection substation, were required. At this
time, pending no new queue additions that could be considered senior to this proposed 200
MW, the results are expected to be similar to LGIR #14. Therefore the total cost of integrating
200 MW in the Rosalia area should be $4M, the cost of another breaker position at Thornton
230 kV switching station.

907
500 MW of New Generation in the Rathdrum Area Page 3

Option 1 N-0 Max.
Output
Facility Requirement1 Total2
($000)
Solution 1 500 MW New 230 kV DB-DB Station and RAS. New Breaker
Position @ Thornton. 15,000
Solution 2 500 MW New line from Lancaster to New Project. New 230 kV DB-
DB Station. New Breaker Position @ Thornton.
32,000

Option 2
This is essentially the same option as Option 1. Placing the new generation within 1 mile of
Lancaster switching station will have roughly the same reliability performance. The major
outage of concern is the simultaneous loss of the Rathdrum – Beacon and Rathdrum – Boulder
(soon to be Lancaster – Boulder) 230 kV lines. This contingency will cause BPA’s Lancaster –
Bell 230 kV transmission line to load to roughly 164% without RAS. There is no room in the
Rathdrum area for 300 MW, without RAS or some major transmission upgrades, as outlined in
the table below.

Option 2 N-0 Max.
Output
Facility Requirement3 Total4
($000)
Solution 1 500 MW New 230 kV DB-DB Station and RAS. New Breaker
Position @ Thornton. 15,000
Solution 2 500 MW New line from Lancaster to New Project. New 230 kV DB-
DB Station. New Breaker Position @ Thornton.
32,000

Option 3
300 MW of new generation in the Rathdrum area, near the BPA Lancaster substation and 200
MW in the Rosalia area is option 1. The 300 MW portion, assumes a new 230/13 kV Avista
generator substation would be required. Several connection possibilities exist for connecting
this substation to the 230 kV transmission system in this area. For simplification it will be
assumed that the new substation will tap the to-be-constructed Rathdrum – Lancaster 230 kV
transmission line. This option has no N-0 issues at the full 300 MW. There are a handful of N-1
and N-2 contingencies that cause significant thermal violations, the worst being the loss of the
Lancaster-Boulder & Rathdrum-Beacon 230 kV transmission lines. The result is the same as
with Option 1. Additionally there with Option 2, there is the opportunity for the Rathdrum-
Beacon and the Rathdrum-Boulder (soon to be Rathdrum-Lancaster) 230 kV to be
simultaneously lost, as they both share the same structure. This would cause the Cabinet –
Noxon 230 kV transmission line to load to 123%.
To alleviate these overloads a new 230 kV transmission line, with new right-of-way, is required
from Lancaster to Boulder. This line length is estimate at roughly 15 miles. The estimated
loaded cost of the new line, including new line positions, is roughly $17M. Another 230 kV
transmission line, with new right-of-way, from Rathdrum to Lancaster 230 kV switching station,
must be built. The loaded cost for this roughly 3 mile line is $4M. New right-of-way in this area
will be difficult to obtain, which would have the potential of more than doubling costs.

1 Cost estimates do not include costs of the radial line to the POI, the generator or generator station if applicable. 2 Total is for network and direct assigned costs, are in 2011 dollars, and is +/- 50%. 3 Cost estimates do not include costs of the radial line to the POI, the generator or generator station if applicable. 4 Total is for network and direct assigned costs, are in 2011 dollars, and is +/- 50%.
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500 MW of New Generation in the Rathdrum Area Page 4

RAS may be a viable solution. If at all possible RAS should be a last resort. Unlike improving
our transmission system, RAS does not provide operational flexibility and in some cases can
compound the impacts of future generation needs. However, it does represent the cheapest
solution and is therefore listed as solution 1. A RAS solution would have to integrate with the
existing Clark Fork RAS scheme and additionally trip all generation at Lancaster and the
proposed new 300 MW facility.

For the 200 MW option, to be located in Rosalia WA, it is assumed that the generation will
interconnect at the new Thornton 230 kV switching station (scheduled to be finished in 2012).
The steady state impacts from this additional 200 MW would be similar to previously studied
LGIR #14 – which sought to connect 220 MW in the Colton WA area. No new transmission
system upgrades, with the exception of the interconnection substation, were required. At this
time, pending no new queue additions that could be considered senior to this proposed 200
MW, the results are expected to be similar to LGIR #14. Therefore the total cost of integrating
200 MW in the Rosalia area should be $4M, the cost of another breaker position at Thornton
230 kV switching station.

Option 3 N-0 Max.
Output
Facility Requirement5 Total6
($000)
Solution 1 500 MW New Breaker Position @ Rathdrum and RAS. New Breaker
Position @ Thornton. 11,000
Solution 2 500 MW New line from Lancaster to Rathdrum. New line from
Lancaster to Boulder, New Breaker Position @ Rathdrum.
New Breaker Position @ Thornton.
36,000

Conclusion
All options are feasible and vary in cost by roughly $4M. There are not any great differences in
price, reliability or future growth (MW) potential.
Option 3 with RAS represents the cheapest option. There are no substantial reliability gains in
putting the project closer to Lancaster. Connecting the project at Rathdrum represents a much
cleaner solution that would not require Avista to add yet another substation in the Rathdrum –
Lancaster area.
5 Cost estimates do not include costs of the radial line to the POI, the generator or generator station if applicable. 6 Total is for network and direct assigned costs, are in 2011 dollars, and is +/- 50%.
909

2013 Electric Integrated
Resource Plan

Appendix E – 2013 Electric IRP
New Resource Table for
Transmission

910
Resource POR Capacity Year
Resource Location or Local Area POD Start Stop MW Total
Coyote Springs 2 Boardman, OR Coyote Springs 2 AVA System 1/1/2014 Indefinite 10.0
Lancaster CCCT Rathdrum, ID Bell/Westside AVA System 1/1/2014 10/31/2026 125.0
Lancaster CCCT Rathdrum, ID Mid-C AVA System 1/1/2014 10/31/2026 150.0 285.0
Nine Mile Nine Mile Falls, WA Nine Mile AVA System 12/1/2015 Indefinite 7.6 7.6
SCCT TBD TBD AVA System 10/1/2019 Indefinite 83.0 83.0
CCCT TBD TBD AVA System 11/1/2026 Indefinite 270.0 270.0
Rathdrum CT Rathdrum, ID Rathdrum AVA System 5/1/2028 Indefinite 6.0 6.0
SCCT TBD TBD AVA System 10/1/2032 Indefinite 50.0 50.0
Total 702 702
2013 Avista Electric IRP
New Resource Table For Transmission
911