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HomeMy WebLinkAbout20151202Transcript Volume I.pdfBEFORE THE IDAHO PUBL]C UTILITIES COMMISSION IN THE MATTER OF THE APPLICATION OE AVISTA CORPORATION DBA AV]STA UT]LITIES FOR AUTHORITY TO INCREASE ]TS RATES AND CHARGES FOR ELECTRIC AND NATURAL GAS SERVICE IN IDAHO CASE NO. AW_E_15_05 CASE NO. AW-G-15-01 BEEORE COMMISSIONER KRISTINE RAPER (Presiding) COMMISSIONER MARSHA SMITH COMMISSIONER PAUL KJELLANDER PLACE:Commisslon Hearing Room 412 WesL Washington StreetBoise, Idaho November 23, 2OL5 -l -tt-J ll!+ d*} 'r*=. Ht- €fi c)x- Frl|q. ctle -trrfl .'rHrnAI r{fu rl =r, -):.: = i'j.Jr\,(,f\, DATE: VOLUME I-Pagesl-777 CSBREPORTING Constance S. Bucy, CSRNo. 187 23876 Applewood Way * I[ildeL Idatro 83676 (208) 890-s198 Ernail csb@heritagewifi . com 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 L2 13 74 15 16 t7 18 t9 20 2L 22 23 24 25 CSB REPORTING (208 ) 890-s198 APPEARANCES Eor the Staff:KarJ. KJ.ein, Esq. and Brandon Karpen, Esq. Deputy Attorneys General- 412 West WashingtonBoise, Idaho 83120-0074 David J. Meyer, Esq. Vice President e Chief Counsel-Avista Corporation Post Office Box 3121 Spokane, Washington 99220 RICHARDSON ADAMS PLLC by Peter iI. Richardson, Esq. 515 North 27Lh Street Boise, Idaho 83702 McDEVITT & M]LLER by Dean ,f. MiJ.Ier, Esq. 420 West Bannock StreetBoise, Idaho 83102 Brady M. Purdy, Esq. Attorney at Law 2Ol9 North 17th StreetBoise, Idaho 83102 For Avista Corporation: Eor Cl-earwater Paper: For Idaho Forest Group: For CAPAI: APPEARANCES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I 9 10 1L L2 13 t4 15 1,6 L7 18 19 20 2L 22 23 24 25 CSB REPORTINGWilder, Idaho INDEX 9{ITNESS EXAM]NATION BY PAGE ELizabeth Andrews(Avista) Patrlck Ehrbar (Avlsta) Randy Lobb (Staf f ) Christina Zamora (CAPAI ) Mr. Meyer (Direct) Prefiled Direct Testimony Mr . Meyer (Direct )Prefiled Direct Testlmony Commissioner Raper Mr. Karpen (Direct) Prefiled Direct Testimony Commissioner Kj ellander Mr. Purdy (Direct) Prefiled Direct Testimony 3 6 30 33 52 54 56 90 93 95 EXHIBITS NUMBER DESCRIPTION PAGE FOR AVISTA CORPORATION: L - Stipulation in Case Nos. AW-E-15-05 and AVU-G-15-01 Premarked Admitted 5 8367 6 INDEX/EXHIBITS 1 2 3 4 6 6 7 B 9 10 11 t2 13 L4 15 t6 t7 1B 19 20 2L 22 23 24 25 BOISE IDAHO MONDAY NOVEMBER 23 201,5 9:30 A. M COMMISSIONER RAPER: A1l- rightr we wil-I go on the record, then. This is the time and place set for a technical hearlng in Case Nos. AW-E-15-05 and AW-G-15-01, further identified as 1n the matter of the application of Avista Corporation dba Avista Utilities for authorlty to increase its rates and charges for electric and natural gas service in Idaho. This hearing is taking place to consider a settlement and stipul-ation that was filed with the Commission on October 19th, 2075, that attempts to fully resolve the issues presented in the electric and gas cases before us. My name j-s Kristine Raper and I am the Chair of the proceeding. I have Commissioner Marsha Smith and President Paul Kjellander and we comprise the Commission and wiII render a final decision when the record closes, so we can begin by taking appearances, if the Applicant would Iike to begin. MR. MEYER: David Meyer. Thank you. Appearing for Avista, COMMISS]ONER MR. KARPEN: Brandon Karpen. RAPER: Thank Appearing for you. For the Staff? Commission Staff, CSB REPORTING (208 ) 890-sl-eB COLLOQUY 1 2 3 6 7 B 9 10 11 1,2 13 t4 15 t6 1,1 1B t_9 20 2t 22 23 24 25 CSB REPORTING (208 ) 890-s1eB COMMISSIONER RAPER: Thank you. Mr. Purdy. MR. PURDY: Yes, Brad Purdy on behal-f of Community Action Partnership Association of Idaho, and as we just mentioned, hopefully, my client will be here momentarily. COMMISSIONER RAPER: Mr. MiIler. MR. MILLER: Thank you, Madam Chairman. Dean J. MlIIer of the firm McDevitt & Miller on behalf of Idaho Eorest Group. COMMISSIONER RAPER: Thank you, and Mr. Richardson. MR. RICHARDSON: Thank you, Madam Chair. Peter Richardson of the fi-rm Richardson Adams here with Dr. Reading on behalf of the Clearwater Paper Corporation. COMMISSIONER RAPER: Thank you. Are there any preliminary matters that need to come before us? Hearing none, then, if Avista would like to caII its first witness. MR. MEYER: Yesr we call to the stand Ms. Elizabeth Andrews. Whil-e she's getting situated, I noticed that we have two Exhibit No. 1's. The new Exhibit No. 1 is the stipulation. I propose to keep that as it is. Now, Scott Morris in his direct testimony also filed an Exhibit No. 1. It might be easier just to COLLOQUY 1 2 3 4 q 6 7 B 9 10 11 12 13 t4 15 L6 11 1B 19 20 2L 22 23 24 25 CSB REPORTING (208 ) 890-s1eB ANDREWS (Di) Avista Corporation renumber that as Exhiblt 1-a and we'11 keep the references to Exhibit 1 for the stipulation today clean 1n that regard and not have to go through all this testimony again. COMMISSIONER RAPER: Okay, that woul-d be fine. Thank you. ELIZABETH M. ANDREWS, produced as a witness at the instance of the Avista Corporation, having been first duly sworn to tell the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, was examined and testif ied as fol-l-ows: DIRECT EXAMINATION BY MR. MEYER: O. Eor the record, would you please state your name and your employer? A. Yes, my name is Elizabeth Andrews and I work for Avista Corporation. O. And have you prepared direct testimony in support of the stipulation? A. Yes, I have. O. Do you have any chanqes or corrections to make to that? 1 2 3 4 5 6 B 9 10 11 L2 13 74 15 16 L7 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 CSB REPORT]NG (2oB ) B9o-s198 ANDREWS (Di) Avista Corporation A. No, I do not. O. Are you also sponsoring what has been marked as Exhibit No. 1-, which is a copy of the stipulation? A. Yes, I am. O. And any changes to that? A. No. O. So if I were to ask you the questions that appear in your prefiled direct testimony, would your answers be the same? A. Yes, they woul-d. MR. MEYER: Wlth that, I would ask that the prefiled testimony be spread as if read and move the admission of Exhibit No. 1. COMMISSIONER RAPER: Okay, without objection, we will spread Ms. Andrews' testimony on the record as if read, and we will admit Exhibit No. L, and with regard to the 7-a, as Commissioner Smith sidebarred with me, Scott Morris' testimony wiII not be spread on the record today because it's not in support of the stlpulation and settlement, so there I s no issue. MR. MEYER: Okay. COMMISSIONER RAPER: Exhibit l- will be the settl-ement and stipulation. MR. MEYER: Very qood, thank you. 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 8 9 10 11 L2 13 74 15 1"6 t7 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 (Avista Corporation Exhibit No. 1 was admitted into evidence. ) (The fol-lowing prefiled direct testimony of Ms. Elizabeth Andrews is spread upon the record,) CSB REPORTING (208 ) 890-s198 ANDREWS (Di) Avista Corporatlon 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I 9 10 11 1,2 13 !4 15 L6 L7 18 L9 20 2L 22 23 24 25 I. INTRODUCTION O. Please state your name, employer and business address. A. My name is Elizabeth M. Andrews and I am employed by Avista Corporation ("Company" or "Avista") as Manaqer of Revenue Requirements in the State and Eederal Regulation Department, dt 1,41.1, East Mission Avenue, Spokane, Washington. O. Have you previously provided direct testimony in this Case? A. Yes. My previous direct testimony in this proceeding covered accounting and financial data in support of the Company's need for the proposed increase in rates. f explained pro formed operating resul-ts including expense and rate base adjustments made to actual operating results and rate base. O. What is the scope of this pre-filed testimony? A. The purpose of my testimony is to explaln why the Stipulation is in the public interest, ds well- as describe and support the electric and natural- gas revenue requirement el-ements of the Stipulation and Settl-ement ("Stipulation"), filed on October 16, 2015 between the Staff of the Idaho Public Utilities Commission ("Staff'), Clearwater Paper Corporation ( "Clearwater" ) , Idaho Forest Andrews, Di 1Avista Corporation 1 2 3 4 q 6 1 B 9 10 11 T2 13 L4 15 t6 1,1 1B L9 20 2t 22 23 24 25 Group, LLC ("Idaho Eorest"), the Community Action Partnershlp Association of Idaho ("CAPAI"), the Idaho Conservation League ("Conservation Leaque"), the Snake River Al1iance ("Snake River") and the Company, which, if approved by the Commission, would resol-ve al-l- of the issues in the Companyrs filing. These entities are col-l-ectively referred to as the "Parti-esr" and represent al-l- parties in the above-referenced cases. Company witness Mr. Ehrbar discusses the non-revenue related elements of the Stipulation aqreed to by the Partles, such as Rate Spread and Rate Design, the Fixed Cost Adjustment (FCA) Mechanism, as well as other Stipulation components related to the Power Cost Adjustment (PCA) authorized level- of expenses and customer service-related initiatives and programs. 0. Are you sponsoring any exhibits? A. Yes. I am sponsoring Exhibit No. 1, which is a copy of the Stipulation and Settl-ement filed on October 16, 2075, with the Commission. O. Pl-ease explain how the Parties arrived at the Stipulation in this proceeding. A. The Stipulation is the product of settl-ement discussions held in the Commission offices on September Andrews, Di 2Avista Corporation 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 9 10 11 72 13 L4 15 16 L7 1B L9 20 2L 22 23 24 25 18, 2015.1 It represents a compromise among differing points of view, with concessions made by aII Parties, to reach a bal-ancing of interests. As wil-I be explained in the Companyr s testimony, the Stipulation represents a fa:-r, just and reasonable compromise of the issues and is 1n the public interest.In additlon, the Stipulation is the end result of extensive audit work conducted through the dj-scovery process2, lncluding various on-site audit visits by Commissj-on Staff, and hard bargaining by all Parties in this proceeding. As discussed in my testimony, the Stipulation between the Parties resolved all issues associated with the cal-cul-ation of the Company's requested cost of capital, including capital structure and cost components, and resolved al-1 revenue requirement issues. As discussed by Mr. Ehrbar, the Stipulation also addresses agrreement regarding rate spread and rate design and the proposed ECA Mechanism. 1 tCl was unable to attend the Settlement Conferencei however, they did provide a "Position Statement" on September l-7, 2015 providi-ng their views on issues related to the proposed Fixed Cost Adjustment mechanlsms and rate design.2 Eor its part, Avista responded to over 1?6 production requests (incfuding sub-parts) from IPUC Staff and other intervening parties. Andrews, Di 3Avista Corporation 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 U 9 10 11 72 13 14 15 L6 77 1B 19 20 2t 22 23 24 25 0. Why is the Stipulation in the public interest? A. The Stipulation is in the "public interest" for several reasons. The Stipulation was the product of the give-and-take of negotiation that produced an "end result" that is just and reasonabl-e. In addition, it is supported by the evj-dence, demonstrating the need for rate adjustments to provide recovery of necessary expendltures and investment, the costs of which are not offset by a growth in sales margins. The Settlement enjoys broad-based support from a variety of constituencies, including CAPAI, Clearwater, Idaho Forest, the Conservation League, and the Snake River Alliance, serving to address their specifj-c needs, and the Staff of the Commission, representing aII customers. O. Would you brlefly summartze the Stipulation? A. Yes. Under the terms of the Stipulation, as discussed further by Mr. Ehrbar, Avista woul-d implement revj-sed tariff schedul-es designed to recover additional annual- electric and natural gas revenue effective January t | 2016. These rate changes are designed to provide retail revenues necessary to al-l-ow the Company the Andrews, Di 4Avista Corporation 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 o 9 10 11 12 13 t4 15 L6 1,1 18 19 20 2t 22 23 24 25 opportunity to earn the return agreed to in the Stipulation for the 201,6 rate period.3 Eor electric operations, the Parties agree to an overall base rate lncrease of 0.12 (0.12 on a billed basis) or $1.7 million in electric annual base tariff revenues. In addition, the Parties have agreed to the proposed extensj-on of Schedule 91 extending the electric rebate extension in fu]I ($2.8 million annual-1y) for two years through December 201,1. Therefore, a residential customer using an average of 929 kil-owatt hours per month woul-d see a $0.75, or 0.92, increase per month for a revised monthly bilf of $85.74. (See Exhibit No. 1-, Paragraph lB, for the January L, 2016 percentaqe change in rates by rate schedule. ) For natural gas, Avista woul-d implement revised tariff schedules designed to recover $2.5 mi111on in additional annual natural gas revenue, representing an overall 3.5? (4.82 on a billed basis) increase. In addltion, the Partles have agreed Lo the proposed extension of Schedule l9'7, extending the natural gas rebate extensi-on in part ($0.2 mll-l-ion of the current 3 There was no agreement by the Parties regarding the 2017 rate rel-ief originally requested by the Company, nor is Avista precluded from filing for general rate relief for 2077 after the concl-usion of this proceeding. 10 Andrews, Di 5Avista Corporation 3 4 6 6 1 B 9 10 11 L2 13 L4 15 t6 T7 18 19 20 27 22 23 24 25 $I.2 million) through December 201,6. Therefore, a residential customer using an average of 61, therms per month would see a $3.19, or 5.4e", increase per month for a revised monthly bill of $62.4L. (See Exhlblt No. L, Paragraph 19, for the January L, 20L6 percentage change 1n rates by rate schedul-e. ) In determining these revenue increases, the Parties have agreed to various adjustments to the Companyrs original filing, which are summarized in the Stipulation, and described further in my testimony be1ow. The Stlpulation calls for an overal-l- rate of return of '7.422t determined using a capital structure consisting of 508 common stock equlty and 508 debt, dD authorized reLurn on equity of 9.52 and cost of debt of 5.34U. LastJ-y, the Parties agree that Avista will- implement el-ectric and natural gas Fixed Cost Adjustment mechanisms ("ECA"), which wil-l cofttmence concurrently wlth the natura1 gas and electric rate changes January L, 2016. The key components of the electric and natura1 gas ECA Mechanisms are described by Mr. Ehrbar in more detail, and are illustrated in Appendices B and C of the Stipulation attached as Exhiblt No. 1. II. HISTORY OF FILING O. Please describe the Companyrs general rate case requestr ds filed. Andrews, Di 6Avista Corporation 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 o 9 10 11 L2 13 L4 15 t6 71 18 19 20 27 22 23 24 25 L2 Andrews, Di 1Avista Corporatj-on A. On June L, 2015, Avista filed an Application wj-th the Commission for authority to increase revenue effective January L, 2016 for el-ectric and natural gas service in Idaho by 5.22 and 4.5?, respectively. If approved, the Companyr s 2016 revenues for electric base retail- rates would have increased by $13.2 million annualIy, and Company revenues for natural- gas service would have increased by $3.2 mil-lion annually. The Company also requested an increase to electric base retail revenue of $13.7 million (5.12), and an increase in natural gas base retail- revenue of $1.7 (2.22), effective January 7, 2077. By Order No. 33324, dated June 15, 201,5, the Commisslon suspended the proposed schedules of rates and charges for el-ectric and natural gas service. The Company proposed util-izing the results of its electric and natural gas service studies, sponsored by Company witnesses Ms. Knox and Mr. M1l-ler, respectively, as a guide to spread the overal-l- requested el-ectric and natural gas revenue increases by rate schedul-e on a basis which: 1) moved the rates for nearly all the schedules 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 B 9 10 11 t2 13 t4 15 L6 1'7 1B 19 20 27 22 ZJ z4 25 Andrews, Di BAvista Corporation cl-oser to the cost of providing service, and 2) resu.Ited in a reasonable range in the (net) proposed percentaqe increase across the schedul-es. The spread of the proposed electric and natural gas increases generally resufted in the rates of return for the various servi-ce schedules moving approximately 25% closer to the overall rate of return (unity) for electric, and approximately 332 closer to the overall rate of return for natural gas. The Company also requested el-ectric or natural gas residential basic charge increases from $5.25 to $8.50 for electric, and from $4.25 to $8.00 for natural gas. 0. What are the primary factors driving the Company's need for electric and natural gas increases? A. The primary factor driving the Companyrs proposed electric and naturaf gas revenue increases in 201,6 and 2017, as discussed in the Company's direct filing, is an increase in net plant investment. Specific capital investments over the period 2015-2071 discussed by other Company witnesses include, among other things, replacement of the Companyr s Customer Information System (Project Compass) described by Mr. Kensok, and upgrades to certain major generating facilities, such as the Nine Mile Rehabilitation project discussed by Mr. Kinney. In 2076, these increased costs for electric operations are 13 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 8 9 10 11 72 13 L4 15 16 L7 1B 19 20 27 22 23 24 25 Andrews, Di 9Avista Corporation offset, in part, by a reduction in net power supply and transmission expenditures . However, for 20L1 net power supply expenses contribute significantly to the proposed incremental revenue increase requested for 20L7. Approximately 408 of the 20L1 proposed revenue increase is related to the expiration of a capacity sal-es agreement with Portland General- El-ectrlc on December 31, 201,6, increasing overall net power supply costs. III. REVENUE REQUIREMENT ELEMENTS OF THE STIPUI.ATION O. Please explain the derivation of the Electric and Natural- Gas Revenue Requirements outlined in the Stipulati-on. A. The Parties agreed that Avista would implement revised tariff schedules designed to recover additional annual efectric and natural gas revenue, effective January L, 2076. These j-ncreases are deslgned to provide sufficient retail revenues for the 2076 rate period, which would provide the Company with the opportunity to earn the return agreed to in the Stipulation. Whil-e Avista's fiting requested 201,6 and 2017 electric revenue requirement increases of $13.2 million and $1,3.7 m11l-ion, respectively, effective January l- of L4 1 2 { 4 5 6 1 B Y 10 11 t2 13 L4 15 L6 L1 1B 1"9 20 2t 22 23 24 25 each year, the Parties only agreed to a 201,6 increase effective January L, 201,6. Aqreed-upon adjustments, incl-uding the agreed-upon rate of reLurn, resul-t in a recornmended el-ectric revenue requirement increase of $1.7 million effective January 1, 2016. Similarly, while the Company requested 2016 and 2017 natural gas revenue requirement increases of $3.2 million and $1.7 mi11ion, respectively, effective January 1 of each year, the Parties only agreed to a 2076 increase effective January L, 20L6. Agreed-upon adjustments, incl-uding the agreed-upon rate of return, result in a recoflrmended natural gas revenue requirement increase of $2.5 mlIlion effective January 7, 2016. No agreement was made by the Parties regarding the 2077 el-ectrlc and natural- gas proposed increases by Avista, and Avista is not precluded from filing for 207'7 general rate relief after the conclusion of this proceeding. O. Pl-ease explain the Parties' agreement with regard to an Authorized Rate of Return, incl-uding the Return on Equity. A. The Parties have agreed to an overall- rate of return of 7.422, based on a return on equity of 9.52r drr equity component at 502 and cost of debt of 5.348. By 15 Andrews, Di 10Avista Corporation 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 8 Y 10 11 t2 13 L4 15 76 t1 18 t9 20 2L 22 23 24 25 comparison, the Company's original filing requested an overall rate of return of -1.622, a return on equity of 9.92, dfr equity component of 508 and cost of debt of 5.348. 0. Please provide an overview of the revenue requirement adjustments agreed to by the Parties resulting in the overall electric and natural gas revenue requirements. A. A number of the adjustments, agreed to by the Parties, resulted in removing 2016 increased costs for recovery to be determined in a future rate period, as well- as reducing certain expenditures to the aqreed-upon level-s by the Parties. The Parties agreed to revenue requirements that refl-ect the adjustments shown below in the excerpted tables from the Stipulation: Andrews, Di 11 Avista Corporation 1 2 3 4 5 6 '7 I 9 l_0 11 L2 13 L4 15 t-6 L7 18 19 20 2L 22 23 24 25 fabf.e 1: E].ectric Reverrue Requiroent Table 2: Natural Gas Revenu--!gg5!g! SUMMARY TABLE OF ADJUSTMENTS TO ELECTRIC RE\IENUE REQUIREMENT ETTECTIVE JANUARY 1, 2016 (000s ofDollan) Revcnue Requirrment Retc Base Amount rs Filed: Adjustmcna: o) Cost of Capital b.) Rcvisc 2015 Cap&alAddiims ) Rcmorc20l6Expcnses L Insuraocc E:rpcnse ii Iafcmatin Scnbcs & Tccboobgr iii. NeExccrtircl,abor iv. O&MOfteE $ 13,230 $ %9425 (2,43E) (33s) $ (16, Rcmw 2016 CapihlAd&ins Rcvisc Dcftrrcd Debils ad Credis to Reflect 2015 Balanccs $ $ $ $ Udare 2015 E@yee Beneft Ccs A{frst Iqlurics and Damages Experse Remrrc Ofter Incemiws and Rcstatc Noo.offcer locentiles lncirde Four-Year A.octizatim of 2O15 Pro!:ct Cryss Deftrral Inchrdc Forr-Yea Amqtizatirn of l^ake Spdrae Deferral lnctde Palcuse Wihd in PCA Misccllancous A&G A{irstuetrts: Drrector & Offccr Insurance, Bord of Dirccttr E4cnscs, Realocatirn of Legal Expe6cs, Rmval of Euvimental Cbanp Ccts, andRcmvalof Micellancos Agec&To E:pcnscs Adjruted Amounts Eftctfue January l,2016 s $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ s (548) $ lJ89 9$l3l (62) (521) (38' 212 ,t8l (8) (100) (66e) (l19) (3J00) $ (580) s 1,700 $ SUMMARY TABLE OF ADJUSTMENTS TO NATI'RAL GAS REVENUE REQUIREMENT ETTECTTI'E JANUARY 1, 2016 (000s ofDollers) Revenuc Requirement Rate Base Amount u Filed: Adi[ltDCnE: Cost of Capitrl Rcvbc 2015 Capital A&tbos $ 3,205 $ 127,49t ) Remove 2016 CapialAdditbrs Revbe Defened Debib and Credis to Rcflcct 2015 Bahnces Remorc 20l6Eqemes I Insurancc E:eeue ii. Idamatin Services & Techmbgr iii. NorBrccuivc Labor Updae 2015 Bryhycc Bcrcft Coss Adist lqiuri:s and Darnagos E:pemc ) Rerrorrc Ofter Irrcertircs and RcstaE Norrofter Irrcedives Inchr& Fon-Ycar Arnrtizatbn of 2015 Proict Corqass Dcfcrral Mbcclancou A&GAdistrenb: Director & Offcer Insurance, Board of Director F,rycnses, Reatbcatbn of kgal Bpenses, and Reroval of Mbcelhreos Agrced-To Epcnses A(f,uted Amousts E&ctivc Jrnuery l, 2016 $ $ $ s (415) N $ 3,758 0q $ 66e (3) s (lo$ (132)s (185)$ 129$ (126) $ (2' $ (168) $ (128)s 2s00 s Andrews, Di 12 Avista Corporation17 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 B 9 10 11 !2 13 L4 15 76 L1 1B 19 20 2L 22 23 24 25 As can be seen by a review of the individual line descriptions provided within the summary tabl-es excerpted from the Stipulation, the adjustments accepted for settlement purposes cover a broad ranqe of revenue and cost cateqorj-es, including the authorized rate of return. The individual adjustments should not be viewed in isolation; rather, they shoul-d be viewed in total as part of the entire Stipulation, and are the resul-t of hard bargaining and compromj-se. O. Woul-d you please elaborate on the individual line items contained within the excerpted tables? A. Yes. A description of these adjustments for electric and natural gdsr resulting in the revenue requirements ef f ective ,Ianuary L, 2016 follows. Cost of Capital - (Table 1 and Table 2, l-1ne a.) The overall- revenue requirement reduction of the changie in cost of capital, reduces the overal-l- revenue requirement for electric by $2.438 million and for natural gas by $415,000. Revise 2015 Capital Additions - (Table 1 and Table 2, line b.) The 201,5 electric and natural gas capital additions were updated by Avista to refl-ect adjustments for updated information, includlng, for example, the delay in completion of the Nlne MiIe Hydroelectric Andrews, Di 13Avlsta Corporation 1B 1 2 3 4 trJ 6 1 B 9 10 11 L2 13 1_4 15 L6 77 18 19 20 2L 22 23 24 25 Andrews, Di 14Avista Corporation Capital Project from 2015 to 2016 and the impact on depreciation expenser ds wel-I as accumufated depreciation (A/D) and accumul-ated deferred federal income taxes (ADE]r) . For electric, this adjustment to update capital investment reduces the overall revenue requirement by $3.345 million and reduces rate base by $16.125 million. For natural gds, this adjustment increases the overafl revenue requirement by $440r 000 and increases rate base by $3.758 mil-Iion. Remove 2016 Capital- additions - (Table 1 and Table 2, line c. ) The 2016 electric and natural gas capital additions adjustmentsr ds proposed by the Company in its orlginal filings, were removed, delaying recovery by Avista of the associ-ated revenue requirement until- future rate case proceedings. Total- depreciation expenses and rate base, net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated deferred income tax, reflect balances as of year-end December 31, 2015. Eor electric, this adjustment reduces the overal-l- revenue requirement by $548,000 and increases rate base by $1.789 million. For natural- gdsr this adjustment decreases the overall 1"9 1 2 3 4 tr 6 7 B 9 10 11 72 13 l4 15 16 tt 1B 19 20 2t aaLL ZJ 24 25 revenue requirement by $76,000 and increases rate base by $669,000.4 Revise Deferred Debits and Credits to reflect 2075 Bal-ances - (Table 1 and Tabl-e 2, line d.) Deferred deblts and credits regulatory balances and amortizations were adjusted to reflect 2015 amortization expense and regulatory balances as of December 37, 2015, rather than the 2076 expense and regulatory balances as proposed by the Company. For electric, this adjustment increases the overall- revenue requirement by $52r 000 and increases rate base by $131,000. For natural gds, this adjustment decreases the overaff revenue requirement by $3,000 IneRemove 2016 Expenses - (Table 1 and Table 2, 1 e.) The followinq adjustments remove 2016 expenses pro formed in the Companyrs original filing, delaying recovery of those expendltures until future rate case proceedlngs: Insurance Expense - (Table 1 and Table 2, l-ine e. , i. ) 20L6 incremental insurance expenses related to qeneral IiablIity, directors and officers ( "D&o" )Iiabillty, and property insurance were 4 Removing the impact of 2016 capi-ta] additions, as well as removing the impact on accumulated depreciatj-on and accumulated deferred federal- income taxes on totaf net plant during 201-6, has the result of increasing overalf net rate base, but reducing overal-f revenue requirement, due primarily tc reduced depreci-ation expense. Andrews, Di 15Avista Corporation 20 1 2 3 4 6 6 1 B 9 10 11 L2 13 t4 15 16 t1 1B 19 20 27 22 23 24 25 removed. This adjustment reduced the electric revenue requirement by $62,000 and reduced the natural gas revenue requirement by $16r000. Information Services a Technology - (Table 1 and Table 2, line e., ii.) 2016 incremental information service and technology expenses, related to the Company's replacement of the Company's Customer Service Information System, and increased costs to support various business processes, application support, additional securlty requirements, annual contractual agreements and maintenance and license fees were removed. This adjustment reduced the electric revenue requirement by $521,000 and reduced the natural gas revenue requJ-rement by $132, 000. Non-Executive Labor (Tabl-e l- and Table 2, line e. , iii. ) 2016 incremental- non-executive l-abor increases related to increases approved by the Board of Directors for 2016 for its non-union, non-executive employees, as wel-I as the 201,6 union contract increases for union employees was removed. This adjustment reduced the el-ectric revenue requirement by $385,000 and reduced the natural gas revenue requirement by $185r000. Andrews, Di L6Avista Corporation 21 1 aZ 3 4 5 6 1 B 9 10 11 72 13 L4 15 L6 1,7 1B L9 20 2t 22 23 24 25 OeM Of f sets (Table L, Iine e. , iv. )In the Companyrs direct filing, 20t6 capital additions were reviewed for any net O&M offsets, both increases in expenses and savings that are expected in the 2016 rate period. Specific expenses and savings for 2016 identified and included in the Company's direct filing were removed, consistent with the removal of 2016 capital additions noted above. This adjustment j-ncreased the electric revenue requirement by $212,000. Update 2015 Employee Benefit Costs - (Table l- and Tabl-e 2, Iine f .) Employee benefit costs include costs associated with pension and medical insurance and post-retirement expenses lncl-uded in the Company's direct filing. Penslon expense was determined in accordance with Accounting Standard Codification 715 (ASC-715) by an independent actuari-aI firm, Towers Watson, which is reviewed by the Companyrs outside accounting firm annually for reasonableness and comparability to other companies.s Medical insurance and post-retirement expense includes costs associated with the employee and 5 fn october 2013, the Company revi-sed its defined benefit pension plan such that, as of January 1, 2014, the pJ-an is no longer offered to its non-union employees hired or rehired by Avista on or after January 1, 2074. A defined contrj-bution 401(k) plan replaced the defined benefit pension plan for alf non-union employees hired or rehired on or after January 1, 2014. Andrews, Di L1Avista Corporation aa 1 .)L 3 4 5 6 1 o 9 10 11 72 13 74 15 t6 L7 1B 19 20 2L 22 23 24 atrZJ retiree medical plans and the FAS 106 expense, which records the costs associated with post retirement medical.5 This adjustment reflects updated information, and reflects employee benefits at a 20L5 expense levef. This adjustment increased the electric revenue requirement by $481r 000 and increased the natural gas revenue requirement by $729, 000. Adjust Injuries and Damages Expense - (Table 1 and Table 2, Iine q. ) Injuries and damages expense is a restatinq adjustment that repJ-aces the accrual recorded in the test period with the six-year rolling average of actuaf injuries and damages payments not covered by insurance. This adjustment revises average as proposed by Staff. This electric revenue requirement by $8, natura.l- gas revenue requirement by Remove Officer Incentives and the six-year rolling adjustment reduced the 000 and reduced the $126, o0o. Restate Non-Officer Incentives (Table 1 and Table 2, l-ine h. ) This adjustment removes the officer portion of the employee 6 In october 2013 the Company revised its heal-th care benefit plan for non-uni-on employees hired or rehired on or after January 1, 2074. Upon retirement the Company will no longer provide a contri-bution towards his or her medical premiums. The Company will provide access Lo the retiree medical- pIan, but the non-unj-on employees hired or rehired on or after January 1, 20L4, wi-1J- pay the fuII cost of premiums upon retirement. In addition, beginning January 1, 2020, the method for cal-cul-ating health insurance premiums for non-union retirees under age 65 and active Company employees wi-l-l be revised. The revision wil-f resul-t in separate health insurance premiums for each group. Andrews, Di 18Avista Corporation 23 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 incentive expense incl-uded in the Company's original filing. This adjustment also adjusts the Company's proposed non-officer six-year average incentive payout percentage of l02Z to 100U r ds proposed by Staff. This adjustment reduced the electric revenue requirement by $100r 000 and reduced the natural- gas revenue requirement by $25, 000. Include Eour-Year Amortization of 201-5 Project Compass Deferral - (Table 1 and Table 2, l-ine i.) In Case Nos. AW-E-14-05 and AVU-G-14-01, the Commission approved an aIl-party settlement, in which the Parties agreed that eighty-percent (808) of the revenue requirement associated with Project Compass during 2015, begi-nning the month the Project goes into service, would be deferred, without a carrying charge, for recovery in a future proceeding. The B0? figure was arrived at through negotiation for cal-endar year 2015 only. The deferral was due, in part, to the uncertainty of the timing of the in-service date for the project. This project was moved into service on February 2, 20L5. In the Company's direct filed case the Company proposed a two-year amortj-zation of the deferred electric and natural- gas revenue requirement amounts associated with Project Compass for calendar year 2015. This Andrews, Di 1,9Avista Corporation B 9 10 11 L2 13 L4 15 L6 l'1 1B 19 20 2t 22 23 24 25 24 1 2 3 4 q 6 7 o 9 10 11 t2 13 74 15 L6 l1 1B 19 20 2L 22 23 .ALA 25 adjustment revises the amortization of the Project Compass Deferra1 over a four-year period. This adjustment reduced the electric revenue requirement by $669r 000 and reduced the natural- gas revenue requirement by $168,000. Inc]ude Four-Year Amortization of Lake Spokane Deferral- (Table lt line j. ) In Case No. AW-E-13-05 (see Order No. 329L1), the Company sought, and received approval of an Accounting Order to defer the costs related to the improvement of dissol-ved oxygen levels in Lake Spokane. Order No. 329L7 authorized the Company to defer and transfer Idaho's share of these costs (approxlmately $473,000) to FERC account 182.3 (Other Regulatory Assets) for Iater recovery, with no carrying charge. In the Companyrs direct fifed case the Company proposed a two-year amortization of the Lake Spokane Deferral. This adjustment revises the amortization of the Lake Spokane Deferral over a four-year period. This adjustment reduced the el-ectric revenue requirement by $119, 000. Incl-ude Palouse Wind in Power Cost Adjustment ("PCA") Mechanism - (Table L, Iine k.) The Parties agree that, for purposes of this case, the recovery of costs 25 Andrews, Di 20Avista Corporation 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 8 9 10 11 L2 13 1,4 15 L6 L7 18 L9 20 21, 22 23 24 25 rel-ated to the Palouse Wind Power Purchase Agreement ("PPA") w111 continue to be included in the PCA, subject to the current sharing (908 customer, LjZ Company). This adjustment removes the Palouse Wind PPA expenses from the pro forma power supply adjustment included in the Company's original filing. This adjustment reduced the el-ectric revenue requirement by $3.5 million. Miscellaneous Adjustments - (Tabl-e t, line I and Table 2, Iine j . ) The Company adopted, for settlement purposes, Staff's proposal to adjust or remove various administrative and general (A&G) expenses including: 1) removing an addltional 402 of Tdaho electric Director and Officer insurance expense ($114,000 electric / $29,000 natural- gas); 2) removing 1egaI expenses allocated to Idaho in error ($5,000 electric / $1,,000 natural gas) ; 3) removing two-thirds of environmental cleanup expenses incurred in 2074 ($322,000 electric) ; 4) removing miscellaneous expenses as agreed to ($65r 000 electric / $79,000 natural- gas) ; and removing additional Board of Director expenses incl-uded in 20L4 ($74,000 el-ectric / $19,000) . This adjustment reduced the electric revenue requirement by $580,000 and reduced the natural- gas revenue requirement by $128,000. Andrews, Di 27Avista CorporaLion 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 11 72 13 74 15 16 L1 18 19 20 2t 22 23 24 25 O. Please summarlze the impact of these adjustments on the electric and natural- gas revenue requirements agreed to by the Parties. A. The adjustments discussed above, and agreed to by the Parties, reduce Avista's electrj-c revenue requirement request of $13.23 mll]ion to $1.7 mi11ion, and its natura1 gas revenue requirement request of $3.205 million to $2.5 million, resulting in a 0.12 el-ectric and 3.52 natura1 gas base rate increase. Net rate base for electric and natural gas is $735.02 million and $131.925 miIIion, respectively, effective January 1-, 201,6. IV. CONCLUSION O. In conclusion, why is this Stipulation in the public interest? A. This Stipulation strikes a reasonable bal-ance between the lnterests of the Company and its customers, including its low-income customers. As such, it represents a reasonable compromise among differlng interests and points of view. The terms of the Stipulation represent base rate j-ncreases designed to provide necessary retail revenues. The Parties have agreed that the Company has demonstrated the need for revenue requirement increases Andrews, Dt 22Avista Corporation 21 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 B 9 10 11 L2 13 L4 15 76 T1 18 19 20 2t 22 23 24 25 Andrews, Di 23Avista Corporation for both its electric and natural gas operations, thus providing recovery of its costs over the 201,6 rate period. In the final- analysis, however, any settl-ement reflects a compromj-se in the glve-and-take of negotiations. The Commission has before it a Stipulation that is supported by sound analysis and supporting evidence, the approval of which is in the public interest. O. Does this conclude your pre-filed direct testimony? A. Yes, it does. aoZO 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 o 9 10 11 1,2 13 t4 15 L6 L7 1B L9 20 2L 22 23 24 25 CSB REPORTING (208 ) 890-s198 ANDREWS Avista Corporation (The following proceedings were had in open hearing. ) MR. MEYER: With that, she's availabl-e for CTOSS. COMMISSIONER RAPER: Okay. Does Staff have any cros s ? MR. KARPEN: No cross. COMMISSIONER RAPER: Mr. Purdy? MR. PURDY: I have none. Thank you. COMMISSIONER RAPER: Mr. Mil-l-er? MR. MILLER: Nor I. COMMISSIONER RAPER: Mr. Richardson? MR. RICIIARDSON: No questions, Madam Chair. COMMISSIONER KJELLANDER: None. COMMISSIONER RAPER: Any questions from the Commission? COMMISSIONER SMITH: No. COMMISSIONER RAPER: It looks like you're done, Ms. Andrews. Thank you for coming. THE WITNESS: Thank you. (The witness left the stand. ) MR. MEYER: Next Mr. Ehrbar. 29 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 B 9 10 11 72 13 L4 15 t6 L1 1B 19 ZU 27 22 23 24 25 CSB REPORT]NG (208 ) 890-s198 EHRBAR (DT )Avista Corporation PATRICK D. EHRBAR produced as a witness at the j-nstance of the Avista Corporation, having been first duly sworn to tell the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, was examined and testified as follows: D]RECT EXAMINATION BY MR. MEYER: 0. Mr. Ehrbar, for the record, please state your name and your employer. A. Patrick Ehrbar, and my employer is Avista Corporation. O. And have you prepared direct testimony in support of the stipulation? A. Yes, I have. 0. Do you have any changes to that? A. I have just one change and it's on page 11 of my testimony. Table No. 1 -- COMMISSIONER KJELLANDER: What paqe was that again? THE WITNESS: Irm sorry, page 11. COMMISSIONER KJELLANDER: Thank you. THE WITNESS: So Tabl-e No. 1 as shown therer ds was poj-nted out to me yesterday, that the source 30 1 2 3 4 tr 6 7 B 9 10 11 L2 13 !4 15 t6 t7 1B 79 20 2L 22 z3 24 25 CSB REPORT]NG(208) 890-s198 EHRBAR (Di )Avista Corporation documents in the second column, some of the il-l-ustrative sourcing where the numbers came from don't tie to the numbers. While the numbers in the right-hand column are correct, the sourcing is a little bit off. Say, for instancer orr line 11 where you see "H Actual January # of Existing Customersr " it says, ": d - e, " those are slightly off, so what f propose to do is to refil-e this table later today or tomorrow morning to correct for those source errors. MR. MEYER: So essentially, we will swap out this page. COMMISSIONER RAPER: Replacement. page? MR. MEYER: Correct. COI4\,IISSIONER RAPER: Thank you. O. BY MR. MEYER: Any other changes? A. No, sir. O. So if I were to ask you the questlons that appear in this prefiled testimony, would your answers be the same with that exception noted? A. They would. MR. MEYER: Thank you. With that, I ask that hls testimony be spread as if read. COMMISSTONER RAPER: Without objection, we wil-I spread Mr. Ehrbar's testimony on the record as if read. MR. MEYER: Thank you. 31 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 o 9 10 11 L2 13 74 15 L6 1,7 1B 19 20 21, 22 23 24 25 (The fol1owing prefiled direct testimony of Mr. Patrick Ehrbar is spread upon the record. ) CSB REPORT]NG (208 ) 890-s198 EHRBAR (Di) Avista Corporation 32 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 o 9 10 11 1,2 13 L4 15 76 L7 1B 19 20 2L 22 23 24 25 I. INTRODUCTION O. Please state your name, employer and business address. A. My name is Patrick D. Ehrbar and I am employed as the Manager of Rates and Tariffs for Avista Utilities ("Company" or "Avista"), at 141,1, East Mission Avenue, Spokane, Washington. O. Have you previously filed dlrect testimony in this proceeding? A. Yes. My testimony in this proceeding covered the spread of the proposed electric and natural gas revenue j-ncreases among the Company's electric and natural gas general- service schedul-es. My testimony also described the changes to the rates within the Company's el-ectric and natural gas service schedules, as well as the Company's proposed electric and natural gas Fixed Cost Adjustment Mechanisms. 0. What is the scope of this pre-filed testimony? A. The purpose of my testimony is to describe and support the non-revenue requJ-rement portions of the Stipulation and Settl-ement ("Stipulation"), fil-ed on October 16, 2015 between the Staff of the Idaho Public Utili-ties Commissi-on ("Staff '), Cl-earwater Paper Corporation ( "Clearwater" ) , Idaho Eorest Group, LLC Ehrbar, Dl 1Avista Corporation 33 ("Idaho Forest"), the Community Action Partnershlp Association of Idaho ("CAPAf'r), the Idaho Conservation League ("Conservation League"), the Snake River Al-liance ("Snake River") and the Company. These entities are collectively referred to as the "Partiesr " and represent several parties in the above-referenced cases. In my testimony I wil-l- explain the following Settlment components: 1. Rate Spread and Rate Design 2. Fixed Cost Ad;ustment Mechanisms 3. Other Settl-ement Items I will also provide an overview of the Company's customer service programs. 0. Are you sponsoring any exhibits? A. No, I am not. Company witness Ms. Andrews is sponsoring Exhibit No. 1, which is a copy of the Stipulation and Settlement filed on October L6, 201-5, with the Commission. II. RATE SPREAD & RATE DESIGN O. Please explain the settl-ement terms relating to cost of service. A. Eor electric operations, the Company prepared a cost of service analysis using a system load factor 2 3 4 5 6 7 B 9 10 11 t2 13 L4 15 L6 t1 1B 19 20 2L 22 23 24 25 Ehrbar, Di 2Avista Corporatlon 34 1 2 ? 4 5 6 U 9 10 11 L2 13 14 15 16 L7 1B 79 20 27 22 23 24 25 Ehrbar, Di 3Avista Corporation method of classifying production costs, allocating 1008 of transmission costs to demand, and al-l-ocating transmission costs on a twefve-month basis. For settl-ement purposes, the Parties agreed to use a pro-rata allocation based on the Company's proposed 258 move towards unity for purposes of spreading the revised electric revenue requi-rement, while not agreeing on any particular cost of service methodology. For natural gas operations, the Company proposed that all rate schedules be moved approximately 332 towards unity. Eor settl-ement purposes, the Parties agreed to use a pro-rata al-l-ocation of the Company's natural- gas rate spread percentages from its original filing for purposes of spreadlng the revised revenue requirement. O. How did the Stipulation address rate design? A. Eor settl-ement purposes, the Parties have agreed that the revenue requirement for each electric and natura1 gas service schedul-e woul-d be applied as a unj-form percentaqe j-ncrease to each volumetric energy rater ds shown in Appendix D of the Stlpulation provlded as Ms. Andrew's Exhibit No. 1. While there woul-d be no change to the residential electric Schedule 1 monthly basic charge, the Parties agreed that the natural gas 35 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 t, 9 10 11 72 13 L4 15 L6 L7 1B 19 20 2t 22 23 24 25 Schedule 101 monthly basic charge would increase by $1.00 per month, from $4.25 to $5.25. Appendix D of the Stipulation (Andrews Exhibit No. 1) provides a summary of the current and proposed rates and charges for electric and natural gas service. O. Would you please explain how the Stipulation addresses the present electric rebate customers are receiving in 20L5. A. Yes. Through rate Schedule 97, customers are receiving a rebate of $0.00091 per kllflh for 2075 (approximately $2.8 mil-l-ion) . This rebate rate was first approved in the Company's 201,2 general rate case, Case No. AW-E-12-08. As a part of the settlement stipulation approved by the Commission in Case No. AW-E-14-05, the rebate was extended through December 31, 2075 using the 2013 electric earnings sharing deferral. For 20L4, Avista deferred approximately $5.6 million under the electric earnings sharing. The Parties have agreed to use the $5.0 mll}ion deferral balance from 2014 and extend the Schedul-e 97 rebate rate for 20L6 and 2017. This informatj-on is shown on Appendix E to the Settl-ement Stipulation (Andrews Exhibit No. 1). Ehrbar, Di 4Avista Corporation 1 .)L 3 4 trJ 6 1 I Y 10 11 t2 13 L4 15 1_6 L1 1B 19 20 2L 22 23 24 25 Ehrbar, Di 5Avista Corporation O. Please explain how the Stipulation addresses the present natural qas rebate customers are recei-ving in 20L5. A. Throuqh rate Schedule t9'7 , customers are receiving a rebate of $0.01489 per therm through December 31, 2015 (approximately $1.2 million). This rebaLe rate was first approved 1n the Companyr s 20L2 qeneral rate case, Case No. AW-G-L2-01 . As a part of the settl-ement stipuJ-ation approved by the Commission in Case No. AW-G-14-01,, the rebate rate was extended for 2015 using the 2013 natural gas earnings sharing deferral, ds wel-I as the Schedule 191 Natural Gas Energy Ef f iciency funding balance. For 2014, Avista deferred approximately $0.2 milflon under the natural gas earnj-ngs sharing. The Parties have agreed to use the $0.2 million natural gas deferral balance from 20L4 to partially offset the expiration of the $7.2 million rebate that wil-l occur on January I, 201,6. This information is shown on Appendlx E to the Settlement Stipulatlon (Andrews Exhibit No. 1) . O. What is the effect on retail- rates, by rate schedule, of the proposed settlement? A. The following table reflects the aqreed-upon percentage increase by schedule for electric service: 31 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I 9 10 11 L2 13 L4 l_5 16 1,'l 18 19 20 2t 22 23 24 25 Rate Schedule Resllerfhl Schedub I Gerpral Servbe Schedules I l/12 Large General Servbe Scheduhs 2lDz Frdra Iffge Gerpral Servbe Schedub 25 Cbarwafer Paper Schedub 25P Pureing Servbe Schedubs 3 I Rz Steet & Area Liglts Sche&rles 4l-48 Overall Increase in Base Increase in Rates Bilins Rates 0.9% 0.5% 0.6% 0.6% 0.4% 0.7% 0.8% g'ZY! 0.9o/o 0.5% 0.6% 0.6% 0.4% 0.7% 0.8o/o 9'7!e The following table increase by schedule Rate Schedule General Servbe Schedub 101 Iarge Gerpral Servirc Scheduhs llllll2 Lrtempt Sabs Servbe Schedubs l3lll32 reflects the agreed-upon percentage for natural gas service: Increase in Base Rates 7.7% 3.7% 7.5% Increase in Biling Increr Netof New Expiring Ret 5.30/o 3.1% 4.8% 3.1% 4.8o/"G ing Rates 4.1% 1.5% 2.7% 5.2% WA Tiamportatbn Servbe Schedub 146* 5.2%Overall E 2%,* exchtdes commodity and interstate pipeline transportation costs O. What are the residential bill impacts if the Commission approves the Settlement Stipulation? A. An electric residential customer using an averagie of 929 kilowatt hours per month would see a $0.75, or 0.98, increase per month for a revised monthly bill of $8s.74. A natural- gas residential customer usj-ng an average of 6l therms per month woul-d see a $3.19, or 5.42, j-ncrease per month for a revised monthly bill of $62.41. Increase Expirins hte Ehrbar, Di 6Avista Corporation 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 B 9 t-0 11 L2 13 L4 15 T6 71 1B 19 20 2L 22 23 24 25 III. FIXED COST ADJIJST}{ENT MECHANISMS O. Please explain the settlement terms relating to the Flxed Cost Adjustment ("FCA") Mechanisms. A. The Stipulation includes electric and natural gas FCA mechanisms. The ECA is a mechanism designed to break the link between a utility's revenues and a consumerts energy usaqe. The Company's actual revenue, based on kilowatt-hour and therm sales, will vary, up or down, from the level set by the IPUC. This coul-d be due to changes in conservation, weather or the economy. The Parties have agreed upon a Revenue-Per-Customer FCA for electric and natural gas operations. The FCA wil-I compare actual- FCA revenues to allowed FCA revenues determined on a per-customer basis, with any differences deferred for later rebate or surcharge. Customers in the FCA will be segmented into Rate Groups (Resldential- and Non-Resldential-), and further categorized as eit.her "Existing Customers" or "New Customers." 0. What is the term of the ECA Mechanj-sms? A. The Parties agreed to an initial ECA term of three years, with a review of how the mechanisms have functloned conducted by Avista, Staff, and other interested parties following the end of the second ful1- Ehrbar, Di 1Avista Corporation 39 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 U 9 10 1t_ L2 13 14 15 t6 L7 1B 19 20 2L 22 23 24 25 Ehrbar, Di 8Avista Corporation year. Avista may seek to extend the term of the mechanism prior to its expiration. O. You mentioned that customers will be comblned into Rate Groups. Please explain. A. The Parties have agreed to combine customers into Rate Groups. For the Electric FCA, customers would be included in one of two Rate Groups: 1. Residential- - Schedule 12. Commercial Schedules 11, !2, 27, 22, 31, and 32 For the Natural Gas FCA, customers would be included in one of two Rate Groups: 1. Residential - Schedul-e 1012. Commercial Schedul-es 1l-1 and 712 O. Why were certain customers excluded from the agreed-upon mechanisms? A. For the el-ectric FCA, Street and Area Lighting customers served on Schedules 41,-49 were excluded because the fixed costs to serve them are recovered in their flat monthly rates, and therefore fixed cost recovery is not dependent upon customer usage. Extra Large General Service Schedule 25 and Extra Large General- Service to Cl-earwater Paper Schedule 25P were excluded from the mechanism primarily because these customers tend to be higher load factor customers. With a higher load factor, 40 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I 9 10 11 L2 l_3 L4 15 L6 L1 1B 19 20 2L 22 23 24 25 the Company believes that the recovery of fixed costs from these customers is less volatile versus the other schedules, and as such incLusion 1n the FCA at this time is not necessary. In addition, for these large-use customers, Avista has more direct contact with these customers regarding future plans that may increase or decrease their l-oads. These changes in retail load, whether they be related to energy efflciency measures or for other reasons, are easier to identify and reflect in a general rate case, than for other rate schedules that have a large number of lower-usaqe customers. Eor the natural gas FCA, the Parties have agreed to remove Schedul-es 131 and 132 from the mechanism because only one customer was served on these schedules in the test year.1 FinaIIy, Schedul-e 1,46 transportation customers were not included in the design of the ECA because, like Schedul-e 25 customers, they tend to have less volatile usage (higher load factor), and future changes 1n their usage are more easily identifled and reflected in general rate filings. 1 The one Schedul-e 132 service to firm service cusLomer recently moved under Schedule 112. from interruptible 41 Ehrbar, Di 9Avista Corporation 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1,2 13 74 15 t6 L1 18 L9 20 21, 22 23 24 25 Ehrbar, Di 10Avista Corporation O. Have you prepared a simplified ca1culation showing how the FCA mechani-sm works? A. Yes. While the components of the electric and natural gas FCA mechanisms are il-lustrated in Appendices B and C of the Settl-ement Stipulation (Andrews Exhlbit No. 1) , Table No. 1 below is an illustrative example of how the electric mechanism works. The example is for only January 2076, and provides the base authorlzed values as well as the calcul-ation of the monthly deferral using an illustrative number of customers, energy usage, and actual monthly revenue. 4Z l- 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1,2 13 t4 15 L6 1,7 18 79 20 2L 22 23 24 25 Revised November 23, 201 5 fab].e No. 1: Actual # of Customers I oD h Actual i t rc.-,.-.**:g--.^..".^-;.-.-$g1s"1-^""-"-""- i :h*i . , $gr4,3gr7!9---i-- Actual kwh ($E,955) j* New cusonrrs will be fracked rsing a diftrerr FCA Revern:e Per Custonpr as agreed to in t}e Stipuhtbn i The illustratj-ve example provided above would be similar for natural gas customers. The components for the natural gas FCA are provided in Appendix C to the Stipulation (Andrews Exhibit No. 1). Ehrbar, Di 11 Avista Corporation 43 1 2 3 4 trJ 6 7 t, 9 10 11 L2 13 L4 15 L6 L7 1B 19 20 27 22 23 24 25 Ehrbar, Di L2 Avista Corporation O. Woul-d you please describe how Existing Customers and New Customers would be treated in the FCA mechanisms? A. Yes. The Parties have agreed that revenue related to certai-n items discussed below would not be included in the FCA for new customers. The resul-t is that the Fixed Cost Adjustment Revenue-Per-Customer for new customers will be l-ess than the Fixed Cost Adjustment Revenue-Per-Customer for existing customers. For new electric customers added after the test period, recovery of incremental revenue re1ated to fixed productlon and transmission costs woul-d be excl-uded from the electric FCA. Eor new natural gas customers added after the test period, recovery of incremental revenue rel-ated to fixed production and underground storaqe facility costs would be excluded. These modifications are included in Appendices B and C to the Stipulation (Andrews Exhibit No. 1) . 0. Please describe how Avista will report on the mechanisms. A. Avista will file, within 45 days of the end of each quarter, a report detail-ing the FCA activity by month. The reporting wiIl al-so include information related to the deferrals by rate group, what the 44 q 6 7 1 2 3 4 B 9 10 11 12 13 !4 15 1,6 L7 1B 1,9 20 27 22 23 24 25 deferral-s would have been 1f tracked by rate schedule, use and revenue-per-customer for existing and new customers, and other summary financial information. Avista will provide such other information as may be reasonably requested, from time to time, in the future quarterly reports. O. Pl-ease provide Company would fil-e for a proposed FCA. information related to when the rate adjustment under the A. On or before July L, the Company wil-l- file a proposed rate adjustment surcharge or rebate based on the amount of deferred revenue recorded for the prior January through December time period. The rate adjustment woul-d be cal-culated separately for each Rate Group, with the applicable surcharge or rebate recovered from each group on a uniform cents per kWh or per therm basis. The proposed tariff (Schedule '75 for electric and Schedule 1,15 for natural gas) included with that filing would include a rate adjustment that recovers/rebates the appropriate deferred revenue amount over a twelve-month period effective on October 1 for electric (to match with Power Cost Adjustment and Residentlal Exchange annual- rate adjustments time period), and November 1st for 45 Ehrbar, Di 13Avista Corporation 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 B 9 10 11 L2 13 L4 15 T6 L1 18 L9 20 21, 22 23 24 Z3 Ehrbar, Di t4Avista Corporation natural gas (to match with the annual Purchased Gas Cost Adjustment rate adjustment time period). The deferred revenue amount approved for recovery or rebate would be transferred to a bal-ancing account and the revenue surcharged or rebated during the period would reduce the deferred revenue in the balanclng account. After determining the amount of deferred revenue that can be recovered through a surcharge (or refunded through a rebate) by Rate Group, the proposed rates under Schedules 15 and i-75 would be determined by dividing the deferred revenue to be recovered by Rate Group by the estimated kwh safes (Electric FCA) or therm sal-es (Natural Gas FCA) for each Rate Group durlng the twelve-month recovery period. Any deferred revenue remaj-ning in the balancing account at the end of the amortization period would be added to the new revenue deferral-s to determine the amount of the proposed surcharge/rebate for the following year. O. Would you describe the accounting for the proposed electric and natural gas ECA? A. Yes. Avista will record the deferra] in account 186 - Mlscellaneous Deferred Debits. The amount approved for recovery or rebate would then be transferred into a 46 l_ 2 3 4 5 6 7 o 9 10 11 L2 13 74 15 \6 t7 18 19 20 2t 22 23 24 25 Regulatory Asset or Regulatory Liability account for amortization. On the income statement, the Company woul-d record both the deferred revenue and the amortization of the deferred revenue through Account 456 (Other Electric Revenue), or Account 495 (Other Gas Revenue), in separate sub-accounts. The Company would file quarterly reports with the Commission showing pertinent information regarding the status of the current deferra1. This report would include a spreadsheet showing the monthly revenue deferral- cal-cul-ation for each month of the deferral peri-od (January - December) , as well- as the current and historical- monthly balance 1n the deferral account. o. balance? Will lnterest accrue on the unamortized A. Yes, interest will be accrued on the the FCA balanclng accounts at theunamortized balance in Customer Deposit Rate.2 O. Is there an agreed-upon l-imitation as to the amount of an FCA surcharge? A. Yes. An ECA surcharge, by rate group, cannot exceed a 3Z annual rate adjustment, and any unrecovered 2 Based on order for 2015 is 1.0t. No. 33187 in Case No. GNR-U-14-12, the deposit rate The rate is updated annua11y. Ehrbar, Di 15Avista Corporation 41 L 2 3 4 tr 6 1 B Y 10 11 L2 13 74 15 L6 L7 18 !9 20 2t 22 23 24 25 balances will be carried forward to future years for recovery. There is no limit to the Ievel of the FCA rebate. IV. OTHER ELEMENTS OF THE STIPUI,ATION O. Please explain the settlement terms relating to the PCA authorized level- of expenses. A. The new level of power supply revenues, expenses, retail load and Load Change Adjustment Rate resulting f rom the ,January L, 20L6 settlement revenue requirement for purposes of monthly PCA mechanism ca1culations are detailed in Appendix A of the Stipulation (Andrews Exhibit No. l-) . O. Please explain the customer service-rel-ated issues agreed upon in the Settlement Stipulation. A. The Parties have agreed upon two customer service-rel-ated issues. Fj-rst, the Company and interested parties will meet and confer prior to the Companyr s next general rate case in an effort to identlfy low income customers served by the Company, quantify the number of customers so identified, and determine those customers' usage patterns. An initial meeting shall occur no later than June 30, 201,6, with follow-up meetings to occur as the attendees may deem appropriate. 4B Ehrbar, Di 1,6Avista Corporation 1 2 3 4 trJ 6 1 B 9 10 11 72 13 L4 15 L6 71 1B L9 20 2L 22 23 a12.1 25 Second, the Company and interested parties will meet and confer prior to the Companyls next qeneral rate filing in order to assess the Low Income Weatherization and Low Income Energy Conservation Educatlon Programs and discuss appropriate level-s of cost-effective, 1ow*income weatherlzation funding in the future. An initial meeting shal-l occur no l-ater than June 30, 2016, with fo1low-up meetings to occur as the attendees may deem appropriate. V. CUSTOMER SERVICE PROGRAMS O. Does the Company have programs in place to mitigate the impacts on customers of the proposed rate i-ncreases ? A. Yes. We have a history of making it a priority within our Company to maintain meaningful programs to assist our customers that are least able to pay their enerqy bills. We also have programs to assist our entire customer basel )-.e.1 not just our low-income customers. Some of the key programs that we offer or support are as follows: * DSM Energy Efficiency Programs and Funding. The Company offers a broad array of energy efficiency program measures that provide customers with increased opportunity to manage their energy bi11s.In 2015, Avlsta has hosted two Energy Fairs, one in Lewiston, and the other in Post Falls. Over 500 customers were in attendance and received energy Ehrbar, Di L'7Avlsta Corporation 49 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 B 9 10 11 1,2 13 t4 15 t6 71 1B 79 20 2L 22 23 24 25 Ehrbar, Di- 1BAvista Corporation efficiency tips and klts that included l-ow cost/no cost ways to reduce enerqy consumption. * Project Share. Project Share is a vofuntary program allowing customers to donate funds that aredistributed through community action agencies to customers in need. In the 2014/2015 heating season,Avista Utilities' customers, employees and Avista Corp donated $123,528 which was directed to Idaho Community Action Agencies . * ComforL Level Bi11ing. The Company offers theoption for all- customers to pay the same bill amount each month of the year by averaging thelr annualusaqe. Under this program, customers can avoid unpredictabl-e winter heating bj-1Is. * Pa]rynent Amangements. The Company's Contact CenterRepresentatives work with customers to set up payment arrangements to pay enerqy bills. * CARES Program. Customer Assistance Referral- andEvaluation Services provide assisLance to special-needs customers through access to speclallytrained (CARES) representatives who provldereferrals to area agencies and churches for helpwith housing, util-i-ties, medical assistance, etc. * Senior Energlg Outreach: Avlsta has developedspecific outreach efforts to reach our morevulnerable customers (seniors and disabled customers) with bill paying assistance and energyefficiency information that emphasizes comfort andsafety. Some examples of this effort are as follows: * Senior Publications: Avista has created a one-page advertisement that has been placed in senj-or resource directories and targeted seniorpublications to reach seniors with informationabout energy efficiency, Comfort Level- BiIIing,Avista CARES and energy assistance. A brochurewith the same information has also been createdfor distribution through senior meal dellveryprograms and other senior home-care programs. 50 1 2 3 4 tr 6 7 I 9 10 11 1,2 13 L4 15 L6 77 1B 19 20 2t 22 23 24 25 Ehrbar, Di 19Avista Corporation * Senior Energy Workshops: With the help of theAvista Conservation Energy Education Team, 5 Energy Workshops have been facilitated in 2015,wlth more to come later this year. Approximately, 150 seniors and low-incomeindividuals were reached and given Home Energy Saving klts along with learnlng about l-ow-cost/no-cost ways to reduce energy use. O. Does thls conclude your pre-filed direct testimony? A. Yes, it does. 51 1 2 3 4 trJ 6 7 8 9 10 11 L2 13 L4 15 t6 t7 1B L9 20 27 22 23 24 25 CSB REPORTING (208 ) 890*s198 EHRBAR (Com) Avista Corporation (The fol-l-owing proceedings were had in open hearing. ) MR. MEYER: He is available for cross. COMMISSIONER RAPER: Commission Staff? MR. KARPEN: No questions. COMMISSIONER RAPER: Mr. Purdy? MR. PURDY: No questions. MR. MILLER: No questions. COI4\,IISSIONER RAPER: Mr. Richardson? MR. RICHARDSON: No questions, Madam Chair. COMMISSIONER RAPER: Any questions from the Commission? COMMISSIONER KJELLANDER: No questions. EXAMINATION BY CO}O{ISSIONER RAPER: O. I have one question for your Mr. Ehrbar. With regard to the fixed cost adjustment and the appllcation of the FCA being applied to existing and new customers differently, I just want. to clarify in my own head and for purposes of the record that when a general rate case is fil-ed, those new customers then move into the existing customer category? A. Yes. 52 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 B 9 10 11 t2 13 t4 15 L6 L1 1B L9 20 2L 22 23 24 25 CSB REPORTING (208 ) 890-5198 EHRBAR (Com) Avista Corporation O. And are bil-led as existing customers with regard to the FCA? A. That is correctr so until we have a new general rate case, those new customers wil-l- always be treated as new. Once we have a new base l-ine, then those new customers will be existing and we'll- track them from there. COI,fl{ISSIONER RAPER: Thank you. Any redirect? MR. MEYER: No redirect. COMMISSIONER RAPER: You are excused. ThaNK you. THE WITNESS: Thank you. (The witness }eft the stand. ) COMMISSIONER RAPER: Does that concl-ude Avista's witnesses? MR. MEYER: It does. Thank you. COMMISSIONER RAPER: Mr. Karpen. MR. KARPEN: Madam Chair, we woul-d call Randy Lobb. 53 1 2 3 4 J 6 7 I 9 10 11 L2 13 1_4 15 t6 L1 1B 19 20 2t 22 23 24 25 CSB REPORTING (208 ) 890-5198 LOBB (Di )Staff RANDY LOBB, produced as a witness at the instance of the Staff, having been first duly sworn to teII the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, was examined and testified as follows: D]RECT EXAMINAT]ON BY MR. KARPEN: O. Good morning, Mr. Lobb. Can you please state your fu1l name and speII your last name for the record? A. My name is Randy Lobb, L-o-b-b. O. Can you teIl the Commission with whom you are employed and in what capacity? A. I'm employed by the Idaho Public Utilities Commi-ssion. I am the Utilities Division Administrator. O. Are you the same Randy Lobb that filed testimony in this matter? A. Yes, I am. O. Do you have or does Staff have any changes or wish to clarify any positions that have already been stated in the comments? A. No. O. So if I were to ask you today those same questions set forth in your direct and rebuttal 54 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 B 9 10 11 1,2 13 t4 15 L6 t7 1B 19 20 2L 22 23 24 25 CSB REPORT]NG(208) 890-s198 LOBB (Di )Staff testimony, would your answers be the same? A. Yes, they woul-d. O. Are they true and correct to the best of your knowledge? A. Yes. MR. KARPEN: Madam Chair, f move to spread Mr. Lobbrs testimony upon the record as if read. COMMISSIONER RAPER: Without objection, Mr. Lobb's testimony wlth regard to the stipulation and settlement will be spread across the record as if read. (The following prefiled direct testimony of Mr. Randy Lobb is spread upon the record. ) trtrJJ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 72 13 74 15 L6 L7 1B 19 20 2L 22 23 24 25 AW-E- 1 5- 0 5 /AW-G- 1 5- 0 1 1.7/73/1.5 (Di) 1 STAEF O. Please state your name and business address for the record. A. My name is Randy Lobb and my business address 1s 472 West Washington Street, Boise, Idaho. O. By whom are you employed? A. I am employed by the Idaho Public Utilities Commission as Utilities Division Administrator. O. What is your educational and professional background? A. I received a Bachelor of Science Degree in Agricultural Engineering from the University of Idaho in 1980 and worked for the Idaho Department of Water Resources from June of 1980 to November of 1987. I received my Idaho l-icense as a registered professional Civil- Engineer in l-985 and began work at the Idaho Public Utilities Commission in December of 1987. I have analyzed utility rate applications, rate design, tariff filings and customer petitions. I have testlfied in numerous proceedings before the Commission including cases dealing with rate structure, cost of service, power supply, line extensions, regulatory policy and facility acquisitions. My duties at the Commisslon include case managemenL and oversight of al-I technlcal Staff assigned to Commission filings. O. What is the purpose of your testimony in this 56 LOBB, R 6 7 CASC? A. The purpose of my testimony is to describe the AW-E- 1 5- 05/AW-G- 1 5- 0 1 1.L/1.3/L5 (Di) 1a STAFF 8 9 10 11 1,2 13 L4 15 16 t7 18 79 20 21 22 23 24 25 57 LOBB, R 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 o 9 10 11 L2 13 L4 15 76 L1 1B 19 20 2t 22 23 24 25 AW-E- 1 5- 0 5/AW-G- 1 5- 0 1 tL/L3/7s (Di) 2 STAFF proposed comprehensive settlement in this case and explain Staff's support. O. Pl-ease summarize your testimony. A. The proposed Stipulation and Settlement (the "Settlement") provides an electric rate increase on January l, 201,6 of $1.7 mill-ion (0.692) and a natural gas rate increase of $2.5 mil-Iion (3.49U ) . It al-so provides for a Eixed Cost Adjustment (FCA) mechanism for both electric and gas service to track recovery of Commission authorized fixed costs and either surcharge for shortfall-s or credit for over collection on an annual basis. After comprehensive revj-ew of the Company's Application, thorough audlt of Company books and records and extensive negotiation with parties to the case, Staff supports the proposed Settl-ement. Staff believes that the Settlement, supported by aI1 parties to the case is in the public interest and should be approved by the Commission. Background 0. Please describe Avistafs original filing. A. Avista made its original filing on May 13, 2015 requesting authority to increase its rates by $13.2 million (5.22) and $3.2 million (4.5e") for el-ectric and gas service, respectlvely, effective January !, 2016. 5B LOBB, R 2 3 4 5 6 7 I 9 10 11 L2 13 1"4 15 t6 L7 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 AW-E- 15- 0 5/AW-c- 15- 01 LL/L3/15 59 (Di ) 2a STAFF The Company also additional $13.7 for electric and requested to increase its rates million (5.18) and $1.7 million gas by an (2.22) LOBB, R 1 aL 3 4 5 B 9 10 11 L2 13 L4 15 L6 L7 1B 79 ZU 2t 22 23 24 25 6 7 AW-E- 1 5- 0 5/AW-c- 1 5- 0 1 t7/73/75 (Di) 3 STAFF service, respectively, effective January 1, 2017. The Company proposed a capltal structure of 50/50 and a return on common equity of 9.92. The Company proposed to spread the revenue increase in both years to electric and gas customer classes using a 25? move and a 338 move toward cost of service, respectively. Residential customer charges would increase from $5.25 to $8.50 and from $4.25 to $8.00 per month for el-ectric and natural- gas service, respectively. Fina11y, the Company proposed an FCA for both gas and electric service to track monthly recovery of fixed costs on an annual basis in between rate cases. If cost recovery was below that authorized by the Commission, then customers would receive a surcharge. If cost recovery exceeded that authorized by the Commission, customers would receive a credit. Settlement Overview O. Pl-ease summarize the proposed Settlement. A. The proposed Settlement specifies a rate increase of $1.7 mj-l]-ion (0.692) and $2.5 m111ion (3.49U ) for electrlc and natural gas service, respectively, effective January L, 20\6. It al-so specifies a 50/50 debt to equity capital structure, a 5.348 cost of debt and a 9.5? return on common equity. Besides specifying capital structure, equity 60 LOBB, R 1 2 3 4 q 6 1 8 9 10 11 1,2 13 14 15 t6 t7 1B L9 20 2t 22 23 24 25 AW-E- 1 s- 0 5 /AW-G- 1 5- 0 1 77/1.3/7s (Di) 4 STAEF return and the debt cost for both electric and gas service, the Settlement al-so specifies a variety of expense and j-nvestment adjustments. The electric and gas revenue adjustments fall primarily into three cateqories: 1) eliminate test year proforma expense and investment beyond December 3L, 2075; 2) modify miscel-Ianeous test year expenses; and 3) Iengthen amortization periods for deferred accounts. Electric revenue requirement is further adjusted by continuing Palouse Wind expense recovery through the Power Cost Adjustment (PCA) mechanism rather than through base rates. The revenue increase wiII be spread to each electric and gas customer class based on a 252 and 332 move toward class cost of servi-ce, respectively, as originally proposed by the Company. Electric residential energy rates wiII increase by a unlform percentage to generate the additional revenue. The basic charge for residentiaf electric customers wiIl remain at i5.25 per month while the basic charge for residential gas service will- increase from $4.25 to $5.25 per month. The remaining increase will be spread uni-formly to commodity rates. The Settl-ement also establishes an FCA for 3 years for both electric and natural gas service to track and defer over or under col-l-ection of Commission 61 LOBB, R 1 2 3 4 5 authorized fixed costs on an annual basis. The Settlement describes a variety of ECA requj-rements incl-uding treatment of new and existing AW-E- 1 5- 0 5/AW-G- 1 5- 0 1 1.L/1.311.s (Di ) 4a STAFF 6 1 8 9 10 11 L2 13 74 15 t_6 77 1B 19 20 2t 22 23 24 25 62 LOBB, R customers and annua] reporting. O. Are there any other provisions included in the proposed Settl-ement? A. Yes. The Settl-ement also specif ies base power supply expenses for use in the PCA mechanism, extension of electric and natural- gas rebates and an agreement for the parties to meet and confer on low income weatherization programs and l-ow income consumption data. Settlement Process O. What was the process that l-ead to the all-party Settl-ement? A. After the Companyrs initial filing on May 73, 201,5, the Commission issued a Notice of Application and set an intervention deadline of June 29, 2075. Eive parties intervened in the case: 1) Clearwater Paper, 2) Consumer Action Partnership of Idaho (CAPAI), 3) Idaho Conservation League, 4) Idaho Eorest Group and 5) Snake River Al-Iiance. Avista, Staff and the intervening parties then conferred and set a schedule that incl-uded settl-ement workshops, filing dates for dlrect and rebuttal testimony and a date of November 23, 201,5 for a technical hearing. Parties convened a workshop on September 18, 20L5 to discuss case settlement. Through extensive discussj-ons and give and take 2 3 4 5 6 1 o 9 10 11 t2 13 1,4 15 L6 L7 18 19 20 2L 22 23 24 25 AVU-E- 15-05/AW-G- 15- 01 1,1,/73/1,5 (Di) s STAFF 53 LOBB, R 5 6 7 on a variety of issues that included over 23 revenue requirement AW-E- 15- 0 5/AW-G- 15- 01 tL/ 1.3/ 75 (Di ) 5a STAFF B 9 10 11 t2 13 t4 15 16 77 18 19 20 2L 22 23 24 25 64 LOBB, R 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 o 9 10 11 t2 13 t4 15 76 71 1B 79 20 2L 22 23 24 25 AW-E- 1 5- 0 5/AW-G- 1 5- 0 1 1.1./73/75 65 (Di) 6 STAFF ad;ustments, class cost of service, revenue spread, rate design, multi-year rate plans and fixed cost adjustment mechanisms, the parties came to tentative agireement. Over the next month, the parties agreed to language culminating in the proposed Settlement and Stipulation filed on October 19, 2015. Staff Investigation O. What type of lnvestigation did Staff conduct to evaluate the Company's rate increase request? A. There were fifteen Utilities Division Staff assigned to extensively review the Companyr s applicatron and identify issues in preparation for litigation at hearing. Staff conducted two weeks of onsite audits, submitted 1-56 production requests, and reviewed rate increase requests filed by the Company in other state j urisdictions . Staff identified twenty three adjustments to the Company's requested revenue requirement, evaluated and developed annual power supply expense for the PCA, compared and contrasted past and present class cost of service models and assessed the need for an FCA mechanism. Staff prepared a revenue requirement and establlshed positions on al-l- of the major issues in preparation to fil-e direct testimony on October 21, 20L5. O. How did Staff prepare for the settlement LOBB, R 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 B 9 10 11 t2 13 L4 15 L6 L7 18 l_9 20 21 22 23 24 25 workshop? A. Staff prepared for the settlement workshop by AW-E- 15- 0s/AVU-G- 15- 01 LL/ L3/ ts (Di ) 6a STAFF 66 LOBB, R 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 o 9 10 11 t2 13 74 15 L6 71 18 79 20 2! 22 23 24 25 AW-E- 1 5* 0 5/AW-G- 1 5- 0 1 L1./L3/L5 (Di) 7 STAFE preparing for testimony 1n the litigated case. Staff developed its revenue requirement adjustments and positlons on various issues for presentation at the workshop in conjunction with preparing testimony for hearing. O. What 1s Staf f rs settl-ement objective? A. The objectlve of settl-ement is to achieve an outcome that is better for customers than what otherwise could be achieved through a litigated case. Successful settlement from Staff's perspective is to convince the Company and other parties to accept the majority of Staff revenue adjustments and positions as part of the proposed Settl-ement rather than risk losing those issues at hearing. 0. Does the Settlement achieve those objectives? A. Yes, I be1ieve that it does. Of the 23 electrlc revenue requirement adjustments that Staff identified, roughly 71 were encorporated either totally or partially in the Settlement. Rather than an increase of $13.2 mi111on as proposed by the Company, the Settlement specified an electric increase of only $1.7 million. On the gas side, 74 of 1,6 adjustments were fu11y or partially included in the Settl-ement reducing the increase from $3.2 mil]ion to $2.5 million. O. What type of revenue requirement adjustments 67 LOBB, R 1 2 3 4 5 6 B 9 10 1t_ 72 13 L4 15 T6 t7 1B T9 20 2L 22 23 24 25 AW-E- l- 5- 0 s/AW-G- 1 5- 0 1 Lt/L3/L5 (Di) 7a STAFF were proposed by A. Besides the Staff and included in the a reduction in return on Settlement? common equity, 6B LOBB, R 1 2 3 4 trJ 6 1 oo 9 10 11 L2 13 74 15 L6 71 1B t9 20 2L 22 23 24 25 AW-E- 15- 0 5/AW-G- 15- 01 1,1,/13/1,5 (Di) B STAFF adjustments generally fal1 into three categories: 1) el-iminate test year proforma expense and investment beyond December 31, 201-5; 2) modify miscellaneous test year expense; and 3) lengthen amortization periods for deferred accounts. O. What effect did equity return have on revenue requirement? A. The Company had originally proposed a return on common equity of 9.92 while the Settl-ement specifies a return of 9.5U. Staff notes that the fower return is consistent wlth return on equity established in Avistars Washington jurisdiction and Staff believes it is within a reasonable range for Avista's financial situation and represents a reasonable compromise in this case. The return on equity adjustment reduced electric revenue requirement by $2.44 mil-l-ion and natural gas revenue requirement by $415r000. Capital structure and cost of debt remain as originally proposed by the Company. O. What effect dld limiting the test year proforma period have on revenue requirement? The Companyrs original proposal incl-uded a multi-year rate increase with budgeted expense and capital additions iricluded through December 3l-, 201,1 . The Settlement speclfles a single year raLe j-ncrease on 69 LOBB, R 1 2 3 January 1-, 2016 with expense and investment incl-uded through December 31, 2015. The Settlement speciflcally reduces electric test year AW-E- 1 5- 0 5/AVU-G- 1 5- 0 1 LT/ L3/ Ls (Di) Ba STAFF 7 I 9 10 11 t2 13 1,4 15 t6 L7 1B 19 20 2L 22 23 24 25 10 LOBB, R 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 B 9 10 l-1 t2 13 L4 15 t6 1,7 1B 19 20 2t 22 23 24 25 AW-E- 15- 0 s/AVU-G- 15- 01 L1./ 1.3 / 1.s (Di) e STAFF revenue requirement by $3.9 mil-l-ion to ref l-ect reduced levels of actual 20L5 capital investment and removes planned capital additions in 201,6. The Settl-ement further removes nearly $1 mil-l-ion in el-ectric revenue requirement for insurance, lnformation services and technology and non-executive labor expense increases planned for 201,6. Adjustment for these items on the gas side reduced revenue requirement by $333,000. Staff maintains that limiting test year proforma expense and investment to December 31, 2075 better reflects known and measurable costs actually incurred by the Company and is consistent with past Commission Order (No. 30112). 0. What test year expenses were actually reduced from the Company's proposal? A. The second category of adjustments reflects a $688r 000 reduction in electric revenue requirement and a $2791 000 reduction in gas revenue requirement to reduce proposed expense recovery in rates. The parties agreed to a variety of adjustments that Staff believes reflected more appropriate levels of expense. Injuries and damage expenses were reduced for both electric and gas operati-ons to reflect average expenses incurred over the l-ast 6 years. Officer incentives were removed and non-officer incentives were 11 LOBB, R 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 B 9 10 1L 72 13 L4 15 L6 L7 1B L9 20 2t 22 23 24 25 reduced to reflect 1008 rather than a 702e" payout. Other miscellaneous AW-E- 1 5- 0 5/AW-G- 1 5- 0 1 Lr/L3/75 (Di) 9a STAFF 12 LOBB, R 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 U 9 10 11 L2 13 15 t6 1,1 1B L9 20 2l 22 23 24 25 AW-E- 1 5- 0 5/AW-G- 1 5- 0 1 Ll/ 1-3 / 7s (Di ) 10 STAFF administration and qeneral expenses were reduced for such items as insurance expense for directors and officers, a legaI expense error, abnormally hiqh cleanup expenses incurred in 2074, Board of Director expense al-Iocated to shareholders and miscellaneous account 930 expenses. O. What impact did extended amortization of deferral bal-ances have on stipulated revenue requirement? A. The third category of adjustments extended deferral balance amortization periods to reduce test year revenue requirement by $788,000 and $168,000 for electric and gas servj-ce, respectlvely. Staff maintained that amortization periods for project Compass and Lake Spokane project deferrals shoul-d be set at 4 years rather than 2 years as proposed by the Company. The parties agreed to 4 years for the purpose of settlement. O. Were there other revenue requirement adjustments included in the Settlement that did not fit into the three categories? A. Yes. The Settl-ement included an electric expense adjustment of $3.5 million for the Palouse Wind project. Expenses and benefits assocj-ated with this project are currently include for recovery in the Companyr s PCA mechanism. The Settlement specifies that Pal-ouse Wlnd expenses will continue to be recovered in the PCA rather than included in base rates as originally proposed by the Company. LOBB, R 1 2 3 4 trJ 6 7 B 9 10 11 L2 13 1,4 15 L6 L7 18 L9 20 2L 22 23 24 25 AW-E- 1 5- 0 5/AW-G- 1 5- 0 1 1,1/1,3/1,5 (Di) 11 STAFF O. Why does Staff bel-ieve it is approprlate to continue PCA treatment of Palouse Wind expense? A. Staff maintains that the Palouse Wind project was never acquired to meet loads in Idaho. It was acquired to comply with Resource Portfol-io Standards in Washington State. While the project does generate enerqy and provide some va1ue to Idaho customers, the cost for Avj-sta to purchase the project output exceeds the value of the energy generated. Consequently, Staff bel-ieves that Company shareholders should share in the annual economic loss created by the project. Avista disagrees with Staff's position but accepts the stipulated treatment for purposes of this case. The net customer benefit of continued PCA treatment of Palouse Wind expense is approximately $350,000 or the Company's 102 share of $3.5 million that would be eliminated with base rate treatment. Revenue Spread and Rate Design O. Please explaln the Settl-ement with respect to cl-ass cost of service and revenue spread. A. The Companyr s original appllcation in this case i-ncluded cl-ass cost of service studies for both electrlc and natural- gas service. Those studi-es both showed that residential and smaff commercial customers were paying l-ess than their appropriate cost of service and large 74 LOBB, R 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 B 9 10 11 L2 13 14 15 16 L7 18 19 20 2L 22 23 24 25 high l-oad factor customers were paying more than their appropriate cost AW-E- 15- 0 5/AW-G- 15- 01tt/L3/Ls (Dr ) l- 1a STAEE 15 LOBB, R 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 U 9 10 11 t2 13 1,4 15 I6 t7 18 L9 20 2t 22 23 24 25 AVU-E- 1 5- 0 5/AVU-G- 1 5- 0 1 tL/1-3/1.5 (Di ) 12 STAFF of service. The Company consequently proposed moving electric customers 252 toward cost of service and gas customers 33? toward cost of service. While no party specifically agreed with the methodology used in the Companyrs cost of service study, al-1 partles agreed that the study results generally indicated whether customer classes were above or below cost of service. Therefore, aII parties accepted the Company's proposed incremental move toward cost of service. Staff fu11y reviewed the Company's cl-ass cost of service studies submitted in this case and those submitted by the Company in prior cases. Staff agrees for the purposes of this case that cost of service trends support the incrementa.l- move as proposed in the Settl-ement. The resultinq percentage increase by customer class is shown on page 15 of the Settl-ement. O. How does the Settlement specify that rates will change? A. The Settl-ement specifies that the volumetric enerqy rate will increase by a uniform percentage for al-1 customer classes and residential basic charges wilI remain at $5.25 per month. The basic charge for natural gas residential customers will- increase from $4.25 per month to $5.25 per month with a uniform percentaqe 76 LOBB, R 1 2 3 4 tr 6 7 B 9 10 increase in the volumetric enerqy rate for the remaining revenue requirement balance. AW-E- 1 5- 0 5/AW-G- 1 5- 0 1 1,1,/L3/15 (Di ) 1,2a STAFF 11 t2 13 t4 15 t6 L7 18 19 20 2L 22 23 24 25 11 LOBB/ R The revenue requirement for all other gas service schedules wil-l- be applied as a uniform percentage increase 1n the volumetric energy rate. Staff supports the increase in the natural gas basic charqe for residential- customers that equals the current electric basic charge for residential customers. Staff also bel-ieves the uniform percentage increase in volumetric energy charges is appropriate in thls case given the smalI overa1f increase in revenue requirement. O. Could you please describe the electric and natura1 gas rebate extension? A. Yes, electric customers are currently receiving an annual rebate through December 3L, 20L5 of approximately $2. B mil-l-ion for 20i-3 earninqs sharing approved by the Commission in Case No. AW-E-14-05. The Settl-ement specifies that the $2. A million annual rebate will continue through December 3L, 2011 using $5.0 mil-l-ion in 2014 revenue sharing. The natural gas rebate of approximately $1.2 million annually for 201,3 revenue sharing and unused energy efficiency balance is al-so set to expire on December 3!, 201,5. The Settlement specifies that $0.2 mil-l-1on in 2074 revenue sharing wil-I be used to partially offset the $1.2 million rebate that will expire on January 1-, 20L6. 2 3 4 5 6 1 B 10 11 L2 13 1,4 15 1,6 77 18 L9 20 21 22 23 24 25 AVU-E- 15- 0 5/AW-G- 15- 01 L7/13/1.s (Di ) 13 STAFF 1B LOBB, R 6 1 Staff believes that use of revenue sharing funds to prolong rebates that would otherwise expire or to mltigate a AW-E- 1 5- 0 5/AW-c- 1 5- 0 1 71./13/15 (Di) 13a STAFF I 9 10 11 t2 13 74 15 1,6 71 1B 19 20 2L 22 23 24 25 19 LOBB, R 1 aZ 3 4 5 6 7 B 9 10 11 t2 13 1.4 15 76 1,1 1B 19 20 27 22 23 24 25 AW-E- 1 5- 0 5/AW-G- 1 5- 0 1 1.7/1.3/1.5 (Di ) L4 STAFE portion of an expiring rebate is appropriate. Customers are entitled to these funds and Staff supports the rate stabilizing effect that occurs from including them in the Settfement. Fixed Cost Adjustment O. What is an ECA mechanism? A. An FCA mechanism is designed to track fixed cost (Company costs that do not change with energy consumption) recovery and either surcharqe for under recovery or rebate for over recovery on an annual basis. The mechanj-sm decouples fixed cost recovery from energy consumption to assure that fixed costs are recovered no matter how much energy is consumed. O. Please explain the Company's proposed FCA mechanism. A. The Company proposed a permanent electric and natural- gas ECA based on a Commission approved level of fixed cost recovery per customer, known as the Fixed Cost Adjustment Revenue-Per-Customer. The proposal included two Rate Groups, Residentlal and Non-Residential. The Residential Rate Group included Schedule 1 for the electric FCA and Schedule 101 for the natural gas FCA. The Commercial Rate Group for the electric ECA included Schedul-es 11, \2, 21, 22, 31, 32. The Commercial Rate Group for the gas FCA BO LOBB, R 1 2 3 4 trJ 6 7 U 9 10 11 L2 13 1,4 15 L6 L1 18 19 20 2L 22 23 24 25 AW-E- 15- 0 5/AW-G- 15- 01 1,1,/1,3/ts (Dr ) 1s STAFF included Schedules 111 and 1,1,2. Each Rate Group had a distinct Eixed Cost Adjustment Revenue-Per-Customer. The Company proposed an annual filing for each rate group to recover or rebate the appropriate deferred revenue amount over a l-2-month period (January-December). The surcharge/rebate reconciles monthly differences between fixed costs allowed to be coll-ected on a per-customer basis, and the non-weather normal-ized actual fixed costs coll-ected. The deferred revenue under/over collectlon would then be separately surcharqed or rebated to each customer group through the Companyt s proposed electric tariff Schedul-e 15 or the natural gas tariff Schedule 175. 0. Is the stipulated FCA mechanism identical to the Company's origlnal proposal? A. No. The parties have only agreed to a 3-year pilot, with a review following the end of the second full- year. This w1l-I allow Staff and other parties an opportunity to evaluate the mechanism and determine whether it is functioning as intended. The mechanism can be modified or discontinued if it is found to be operating lmproperly. In order to facilitate on-going review, the Company agreed to provide quarterly reports showing the monthly deferrals by rate group, what the deferrals woul-d have been if tracked by rate schedule, use and revenue-per- B1 LOBB, R 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 o 9 10 11 L2 13 t4 15 L6 17 1B 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 AW-E- 1 5- 0 5/AW-G- 1 5- 0 1 1,1,/1,3/1,5 (Dr ) 76 STAE'F customer for existing and new customers, and other summary financial information. The Company had proposed to use the FERC interest rate on the unamortized FCA bal-anclng accounts. Instead, the Parties have agreed to calcufate the accrued interest based on the Customer Deposit Rate, which is consistent with prior Commission Orders. l Whil-e the Company's original proposal did not inc1ude a cap on annual- surcharges, the Parties have agreed that I'CA surcharges in any given year cannot exceed 38. The cap will be applied by rate group with any unrecovered balances carried forward to future years for recovery. Staff believes the cap is necessary to prevent larqe annual surcharges if weather or economic conditions vary significantly in a particular year. The FCA mechanics proposed in the Settlement are nearly identical to the Company's proposal-. The only difference is that Fixed Cost Adjustment Revenue-Per-Customer for new customers added after the test period wil-l- be l-ess than that for exlsting customers. O. Why should Revenue-Per-Customer differ for new and existing customers in the FCA? 82 LOBB, R 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 I 9 10 11 L2 13 L4 15 L6 L7 1B 19 20 21, 22 23 24 25 1 Based on Order No. 33187 in Case No. GNR-U-L4-1,2, thedeposit rate for 201-5 is 1.08. The rate is updated annua11y. AW-E- 15- 0 5/AW-G- 15- 01Lt/ t3/ 1,5 (Df) 16a STAEF B3 LOBB, R 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 B 9 10 11 t2 13 L4 15 t6 T1 1B 19 20 27 aaLL 23 24 25 AVU-E- 1 5- 0 5/AW-G- 1 5- 0 1 1,1/ 73 / 7s (Di) 11 STAFF A. The Parties agreed that the Fixed Cost Adjustment-Revenue-per-customer for new electric customers wiII exclude fixed production and transmission costs. For new natural gas customers, recovery of costs related to fixed production and underground storaqe woufd also be excluded. This disparate treatment wiII limit fixed cost recovery for new customers in between rate cases to fixed costs that are more certain to occur. Staff maintains that certain types of investments are "Iumpy" and may not actually be required to serve new customers in between general rate cases. Rather than assume these costs are incurred for automatic recovery in the FCA, they are removed from new customer revenue and only those incremental costs directly related to servinq new customers are included. The new customer investment issue is further hiqhlighted when the FCA reconciles the monthly difference between fixed costs alfowed to be coll-ected on a per-customer basis and fixed costs actually collected. As the number of customers increase between rate cases, the total fixed costs allowed to be collected increases beyond the amount reviewed and authorized by the Commission. An FCA should not become a substitute for qeneral rate case filings, whereby the Company requests rate treatment for investments actual-1y incurred. Staffbelieves Iimltlng FCA B4 LOBB, 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 8 9 10 11 1,2 13 t4 15 t6 1,7 18 t9 20 27 22 23 24 25 AW-E- 1 5- 0 5/AW-c- 1 5- 0 1 7L/73/1.s (Di ) 18 STAFF recovery to specific types of fixed costs better assures that costs recovered through the FCA are actually incurred to serve a new customer. a. When will the Company fil-e a proposed surcharge or rebate? A. FCA implementation wil-I cornmence concurrently with the natural- gas and el-ectric rate changes January 7, 2016. On or before July l, 201,1 the Company will fil-e 1ts first proposed rate adjustment surcharge or rebate based on deferred revenue recorded from January 201,6 through December 2076. The proposed tariff (Schedul-e 75 for el-ectric, Schedule 175 for natural gas) incl-uded with that filing will- show the adjustment as a rate per kwh for el-ectric and a rate per therm for natural- gas. This ECA rate will be determined using expected energy sal-es to surcharge/rebate the appropriate deferred revenue amount over a twelve-month period effective October 7, 201,1 for el-ectrlc (to coincide with the PCA period) and November L, 20L1 for natural- gas (to coincide wlth the Purchased Gas Cost Adjustment period). The annual FCA wi]l be filed consistent with this schedule for the remaining 2 years. O. Please explain why an ECA is necessary and how it benefits customers? A. Historically, Staff has generally supported B5 LOBB, R 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I 9 10 11 t2 13 1,4 15 L6 t7 18 19 20 2L 22 23 24 25 rate design proposals that keep fixed charges l-ow in order to AW-E- 15- 05/AW-G- 15- 01 1,L/ L3 / 1,5 1Ba STAEE LOBB,(Di )86 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 L0 11 L2 13 t4 15 L6 L'7 18 19 20 2L 22 23 24 25 rut bi:-,,.,,tii!,i ir:. ffi.:{,t- (Di) 1-9 STAFF AW-E-15- 0s/AW-G- 15- 01 Lt/L3/Ls encouragie conservation and allow customers to control their bilIs. While the Company's fixed costs do not necessarily change with the l-evel of energy consumptj-on, recovery of those f ixed costs does. For exampI.e, when weather or favorable economic conditions contri-bute to higher than normal energy or natural gas sales, the Company may over-recover its fixed costs. Conversely, when Demand-Side Management ("DSM") or price signals from certain rate designs cause customers to use less energy or natural- gdsr the Company may under-recover its fixed costs. Consequently, there's a financial disincentlve for the Company to encouragie conservation. The table below shows the Company's revenue from fixed charges as a percent of j-ts total fixed costs for each schedule included in the FCA. Electric Schedule L A tt/L2 As 2L/22 Schedule3t/32 Fixed Costs 79 ,7LO ,926 28 ,]-88 , L29 38,749,299 3 ,959, 533 Fixed Charge Revenue 6 ,494 , L65 2 , 463 ,750 4, 835, 500 L33 ,575 Fixed Charge? of Fixed Costs 8.10*8. 708 L2.50*3 .402 Natural Gas ScheduLe 101- Schedule LtL/ L].2 Fixed Costs 37 ,448,84L 9,374,373 Fj-xed Charge Revenue 4,769,535 L , 677, 185 Fixed Charge? of Fixed Costs t2.74*17.89* r Calculated using page 1 of Appendix B and C. For purposes of this table,Distribut,ion and Customer Related Costs, and Common Costs are assumed to befixed coste. NaEural Gas Fixed Costs also include Ehe demand related chargesSchedule 150. 1n 87 LOBB, R 2 3 4 6 1 B 9 10 11 L2 13 74 15 L6 L7 1B L9 20 27 22 23 24 25 AW-E- 1 5- 0 5/AVU-G* 1 5- 0 1 1.L/1.3/ts (Di ) 20 STAFF The FCA reduces the financial disincentive to encourage conservation by decoupling a portion of revenue from the Company's energy and gas sales. Consequently, the Company wil-I be at less risk of not fully recovering its fixed costs when it promotes cost-effective DSM programs and/or rate designs that send a price signal to conserve energy or natural gas. If the Company successfully encouraqes l-ower energy and gas consumption, Staff believes the ECA will undoubtedly save customers money in the long-run by deferring or elimlnating capital costs that might otherwise be required to serve growing 1oad. O. What impact might the FCA mechanism have on customers? A. Staff looked at the last two years to see what the impact woul-d have been had the proposed mechanj-sm been in place. In 201,3, residential customers woul-d have received a rebate of 0.19% for electric and 0.028 for gas. For the same time period, commercial- customers would have received a rebate of 2.01 I for electric and a surcharge of 1.602 for gas. In 2074, residential customers would have received a rebate of 0.05U for electric and a surcharqe of 1,.1,7I for gas. For the same time period, commercial customers would have recej-ved a rebate of 2.242 for electric and a surcharqe of 1.97 I for gas. o6 LOBB, R 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 L2 13 14 15 !6 1.7 1B 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 AVU-E- 1 5- 0 5 /AW-c- l- 5- 0 1tt/1-3/ls (Di ) 21, STAEE Staff belleves the mechanism will be largely impacted by weather, economic conditlons, DSM/conservatj-on, and rate design. For example, if temperatures are relatively mild (warm winters and cool summers), customers coul-d see FCA surcharges. Conversely, if temperatures are extreme (col-d winters and hot summers), customers could see FCA credits. O. Are there any other provisions in the Settlement? A. Yes, the Settl-ement specifies that the parties wilI collaborate on l-ow income weatherization and Iow income energy efficiency education. The objective of the coll-aboration is to identify energy and gas consumption Ievels of Iow income customers and identify the proper enerqy efficiency fundlng level-s in the future. The Settlement also specifies that the parties wil-1 initially meet no later than June 7, 2016 to discuss these issues. Staff fuI1y supports collaboration on the l-ow j-ncome energy efficiency issues and looks forward to actively participating in al-l associated meetings. O. Does this concl-ude your testimony in this case? A. Yes, it does. 89 LOBB, R (The foll-owing proceedings were had in open hearing. ) MR. KARPEN: And Ird l-ike to make Mr. Lobb avai-lable for cross-examination. MR. MEYER: No cToSS. COMMISSIONER RAPER: Mr. Purdy? MR. PURDY: No questlons. COMMISSIONER RAPER: Mr. Miller? MR. MILLER: Nor I. COMMISSIONER RAPER: Mr. Richardson? MR. RICIIARDSON: No questions, Madam Chair. COMMISSIONER RAPER: Commissioners? COMMISSIONER SMITH: No questions. COMMISSIONER KJELLANDER: Just one. EXzu,{INATION BY COMMISSIONER KJELLANDER: O. Mr. Lobb, mostly just to give the remaining witness an opportunity to walk through the door, I have a question. On page 2 of your testlmony in support of the settlement, around l-ines 76 and 7J, you begin to tafk a Iittle bit about the settlement being in the public interest. Werve seen a lot of settlements in cases over the last few years. Just for the record in general, what 4 5 6 1 B 9 10 11 72 13 L4 15 1,6 t1 18 19 20 2t 22 23 24 25 CSB REPORTING (208 ) 890-s1e8 LOBB (Com) Staff90 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 I 9 10 11 T2 13 14 15 L6 t1 1B 19 20 2t 22 23 24 25 CSB REPORTING (2oB ) B9o-s198 LOBB (Com) Staff realIy goes through the mind of Staff when they finally come to the point of saying the settlement is the right approach? What is it that you look at in terms of just various qeneral factors? A. I think the most important thing for Staff is, is 1t the best deal for customers, and we look at our review of the case and the adjustments that we would make at a litigated hearing and compare that to the settlement, the stipulation that we have and how closely that comes to what we beLieve we could achieve at hearing and we make that comparison, and in this caser we concluded that this as good or better than what we could possibty achieve at hearing in a litigated caser so in that regard, we bel-ieve it's in the public interest and the best deal- for customers. COMMISSIONER KJELLANDER: Thank you. COMMISSIONER RAPER: No redirect? Staff, Mr. Karpen, any redirect? MR. KARPEN: No, Madam Chair. COMMISSIONER RAPER: You are excused. THE WITNESS: Thank you. (The witness l-eft the stand. ) COMMISSIONER RAPER: Seeing that CAPAITs witness has not yet appeared, do you want to do a five-minute recess to try and give her an opportunity 9L 2 3 4 q 6 7 I 9 10 11 t2 13 t4 15 1,6 1,'7 1B 19 20 2t 22 23 24 z5 CSB REPORTING (208 ) B9o-s198 to MR. PURDY: I just spoke with Ms. Zamora. Apparently, she was caught up in one of these storms we're having somewhere in the country. Her flight was delayed. She expects that she's no more than 10 minutes out from the PUC rlght now. COMMISSIONER RAPER: Okay, we'II do a lS-minute recess to give her an opportunity to get in the door. MR. PURDY. Thank you. (Recess. ) COMMISSIONER RAPER: We'l-1 go back on the record. MR. PURDY: Thank you, Madam Chair, and thank you and everyone else for their indulgence. Community Action cal-ls Christina Zamora. 92 COLLOQUY 2 5 4 tr 6 1 8 9 10 11 72 13 L4 15 1,6 t1 1B 1,9 20 2t 22 23 24 25 CSB REPORTING(208) 890-s198 ZAMORA (Di) CAPAI. CHRISTINA ZAMORA, produced as a witness at the instance of the Community Action Partnership Association of ldaho, having been first duly sworn to tel-l- the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, was examined and testified as follows: DIRECT EXAMINATION BY MR. PURDY: O. Woul-d you please state your name? A. Christina Zamora. O. And what is your position with Community Action? A. Irm the executive director. O. And have you previously caused to be filed in this matter direct testimony consj-sting of 1,4 pages? A. Yes. O. If I were to ask you the same questions as contained in that testimony, would your answers be substantially the same today? A. Yes. O. And there are no exhiblts to your testimony; correct? A. None. 93 1 2 3 4 trJ 6 7 B 9 10 11 I2 13 1,4 15 76 L7 1B 19 20 2L 22 23 24 25 CSB REPORTING(208) 890-s198 ZAMORA (Di) CAPAI. MR. PURDY: All right, with that, I'd ask the testimony of Christina Zamora be spread upon the record as if read and tender her for cross. COMMISSIONER RAPER: With no objection, we will spread the test-imony of Ms. Zamora across the record as if read. (The following prefiled direct testimony of Ms. Christina Zamora is spread upon the record.) 94 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 B 9 10 11 72 13 1,4 15 t5 L1 1B 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 c. zAMoRA, Di 2 CAPAI I. INTRODUCTION Q: Please state your name and business address. A: My name is Christina Zamora. I am the Executive Director of the Communj-ty Action Partnership Association of Idaho at 3350 W. Americana Terrace, Suite 360, Bolse, ID 83706. Q: On whose behalf are you testifying in this proceeding? A: The Community Action Partnership Associatlon of Idaho ("CAPAI") Board of Directors asked me to present the views of an expert oflr and advocate for, low income customers of Avista. Q: II. BACKGROUND Pl-ease describe CAPAI I s organizational structure and the functions it performs, relevant to its involvement in this case. A: CAPAI 1s an associatlon of the following private, nonprofit organizatj-ons that fight poverty in Idaho: 1) The Community Action Partnership (CAP-N & CAP-NC); 2) E1 Ada, Inc. (EI Ada); 3) The Western Idaho Community Action Partnership (WICAP); 4) The South Central Community Action Partnership (SCCAP); 5) The Southeastern Idaho Community Action Agency, Inc. (SCCAP); 6 The Eastern Idaho Community Action Partnership, Inc. (EICAP); 7) The Community Council of Idaho, fnc. (CCI), 95 1 2 3 4 tr 6 7 I 9 10 11 72 13 L4 15 t6 T7 1B 19 20 2t 22 23 24 25 andi B) The Canyon County Organization on Aging, Weatherization and Human Services, fnc. (CCOA). The last two agencies, CCI and CCOA, are designated in CAPAI I s Bylaws as "special purpose agencies." These aqencies are focused on provi-ding services to migrant and senior populations, respectively. CollectiveIy, the six CAPs along wlth CCI and CCOA are referred to as "member agencies. " For the purposes of the Stipulatlon at i-ssue ZAMORA, Di 2a CAPAI 96 C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 U 9 10 11 L2 13 t4 15 L6 71 1B 19 20 2L 22 23 z.l 25 c. zAMoRA, Di 3 CAPAI in this proceeding, there is no rel-evant distinctlon between a CAP and special purpose agency. Each member agency has a designated servj-ce area. Comblning aII agencies, every county in Idaho is served. The agencies design their various programs to meet the unique needs of communities located within their respective servj-ce areas. Not every aqency provides all of the following services, but aII work with people to promote and support i-ncreased self-sufficiency. Programs provided by CAPS incl-ude: employment preparation and retention, education assistance child care, emergency food, senior independence and support, clothing, home weatherizatton, enerqy assistance, affordable housinq, health care access, Erld much more. Q: What is the relationship between CAPAI and the member agencies? A: CAPAI 1s effectively the umbrella orqanization that provides a myriad of services to the members to assist them j-n carrying out their individual missj-ons throughout Idaho. Such services include training and technical assistance, coordinatlon of resources, proqram planning and assistance with lmplementation, programmatic administratj-ve oversight, and advocacy for the low-j-ncome in Idaho, among other things. Q: Are the individual- member agencies represented 91 1 ) 3 4 trJ 6 1 oo Y 10 11 72 13 t4 15 16 L1 1B 19 20 21, 22 23 24 25 C. ZAMORA/ Di 3a CAPAI on CAPAI's Board of Directors and, if sor how? A: Yes they are. Each agency has an Executive Director and its own Board of Directors that establishes policy for that agency. The Executive Director manages the day to day functions of the agency. In addition, each Executive Director of each member agency sits on the CAPAI Board of Directors. Thus, there are currently B CAPAI Board members. Q: Which of the eight member aqencies provide Iow-income assj-stance to Avista's service territory? 9B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 B 9 10 11 t2 13 1.4 t_5 t6 t1 18 L9 20 2L 22 23 24 25 A: The Community Action Partnership serves North Idaho incl,uding a1l- of Avistaf s Idaho service territory. Q: Have you testified before this Commission in other proceedings? A: Yes, I have testifled on behalf of CAPAI in numerous cases involvlng United Water, Idaho Power, AVISTA, and Rocky Mountain Power and in gieneric proceedings Q: A: III. SUM}'IARY Please summarize your testimony in this case? The purpose of my testimony is to support the settlement stipulatj-on entered into between CAPAI, Avista, Clearwater Paper Corporation, Idaho Eorest Group, L.L.C., the Idaho Conservation League, and the Snake River A1liance. The Settlement Stipulation was filed with the Commisslon on October 19, 201,5, and accompanied by a Motion for Approval of Stipulation and Settlement. I also provide the rational-e for CAPAITS support of the settlement. Finally, I wil-l- explain why I believe that the settlement is in the general interests not only of Avistars low-income customers, but the qeneral body of ratepayers as wel-1. Q: fs CAPAITs support for the Settlement Stipulation unconditional? A: Yes it is C ZAMORA, Di 4 CAPAI 99 1 2 ? 4 5 6 1 U 9 10 11 72 13 L4 15 L6 71 1B L9 20 2t 22 23 24 25 Q: Are there any exhibits to your testimony? A: No. IV. ESSENTIAI ELEMENTS OF SETTLEMENT A. Revenue Requirement: Q: Pl-ease identify the primary aspects or el-ements of the settlement that CAPAI bel-ieves renders it farr, just and reasonable and in the best interests of the general body of ratepayers. c. zAMoRA, Di 4a CAPA] 100 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 B 9 10 11 L2 13 L4 15 L6 71 1B 19 20 27 22 23 24 25 c. zAMoRA, Di 5 CAPAI A: The Company's original application sought a two-phase rate increase with the first increase to take place on January !, 2016 and the second on January 1-, 2077. The first year revenue increase would have yielded an additional 5.22 in revenues for Avista's efectric customers and 4.52 effective for gas which woul-d have resulted in additional revenues to the Company of $13.2 million for electric and $3.2 million for gas. The second phase of the requested increase, effective January 7, 2011, would have increased electric revenues 5.1U for el-ectrlc ($13.7 mil-lion) and 2.2e" for gas ($1.7 mil-lion) . Q: Woul-d you please describe CAPAITs involvement in this case? A: CAPAI participated fu11y throughout the entirety of this case and participated in alI settlement negotiations. Q: What is the rate increase ul-timately agreed to by all parties and set forth in the Settfement Stipulation? A: Flrst, the parties agreed to a single year rate increase as opposed to the two-year phase-in approach originally requested. The amount of the increase, effective January L, 201,6, is $2.1 mill-ion for el-ectric customers and $1.5 mil-l-ion for gas (0.69U and 3.492, 101 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 I 9 10 11 t2 13 L4 15 L6 1,7 1B 19 20 2L 22 23 24 25 c. zAMoRA, Di 5a CAPAI respectively) . The parties further agreed to a rate of return on equity for Avista of 9.5U and a 50% colnmon equlty ratio. Q: How did the parties calculate this reduced revenue requirement i-ncrease? A: There were numerous adjustments made to Avista's expenses, rate base adjustments, and capital structure/rate of return, the latter alone reducing revenue requirement by $2.438 miIllon for electric revenues and $4151000 for gas. The many adjustments to the various components of Avista's operations and the resul-ting reduced rate increase are too numerous to mention here and explicitly spelJ-ed out in the Settlement Stipulation. L02 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 B 9 10 11 t2 13 t4 15 16 71 1B L9 20 2L aaLL ,? 24 25 c. zAMoRA, Di 6 CAPA] Q: In llqht of your testimony, do you believe the proposed revenue requirement increase to be farr, just and reasonable? A: Yes. fn combination with other provisions set forth 1n the proposed Settlement Stlpulation, I believe the aqreed upon and significantly reduced revenue requirement increase to be fair, just and reasonable. B. Fixed Cost Adjustment Mechanism: Q: Were there any changes to Avista's overall method of rate recovery that are noteworthy? A: Yes. The parties agreed to the implementation of a Fixed Cost Adjustment ("FCA) mechanism for Avista to go into place at the time of the rate increase, January l, 2016. This mechanism is initially for a 3 year period with a review after the second fulI year of operation. Avista has the rlght to seek an extension of the FCA. The FCA wiII be segregated between electric and gas customers as well as the Residential Class (Schedule 1) and the commercial- customer classes. There are numerous other provisions contained in the Settlement Stipulati-on pertaining to the implementation and structure of the ECA including, among others, quarterly reporting by Avista and the annual filings by the Company necessary to make the adjustments to ref.l-ect variations in fixed costs. FinaIIy, there is a provision in the Stipulation that an 103 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 B 9 10 11 L2 13 t4 15 L6 t7 1B L9 20 21 22 23 24 25 c. zAMoRA, Di 6a CAPA] FCA surcharge by rate group cannot exceed a 33 annual rate adjustment. Any unrecovered bal-ances wil-I be carrj-ed forward to future years for recovery which should help to avoid "rate shock" 1n any given year. On the other hand, the parties agreed that to the extent that Avista's ECA results in reduced rates, there shall be no limit on the amount of the ad;ustment. C. Rate Spread: Q: How does the Settl-ement Stipulation propose to al-locate the increased revenue requirement among rate schedules, or classes? 104 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 o 9 10 11 t2 13 !4 15 L6 I1 1B t9 20 2L 22 23 24 25 A: For el-ectric customer classes, the al-l-ocation is to be spread on a pro-rata basls based on the Company's proposed 25? move toward unity without adopting any particul-ar cost of service methodol-ogy. For gas customers, there will al-so be a pro-rata increase but with a 33? movement toward unity among classes. Q: Do you believe that a disproportionate rate increase for both residential electric and gas customer cl-asses is fair? A: Yes. Under the circumstances, including the fact that Avistars cost of service studies provided over this and recent other rate cases have all shown the Residential- cl-ass to be paying less than its share of overall revenue requirement, I believe that a 252 and 332 movement for electric and gas Residentiaf customers, respectively, is a fair compromise. D. Rate Design: Q: Does the Settlement Stipulation change the Companyl s existing monthly customer charge? A: Eor efectric customers, the answer is no. There will- be no change to the monthly customer charqe or fixed and variable demand charges. The residential customers' existing $5.25 per month wilI remain unchanged. For gas customers, there will be a $1.00 increase from $4.25 to $5.25, bringing it to the same ZAMORA, Di -I CAPAI 105 2 3 4 5 6 1 6 9 10 11 72 13 t4 15 L6 L1 1B 19 20 27 22 23 24 25 r ZAMORA, Di 'l a CAPAI l-evel- as electric customers. The remaininq revenue requj-rement increase for gas customers wiIl be allocated on a uniform percentage basis to the volumetric rates currently in existence. Q: What is CAPAI's positlon regarding the proposed rate design for the Residential electric and gas classes? A: I bel-leve that, for the time being and unless and until there is data demonstrating the existing el-ectric customer charge to not be fair, just and reasonable, leaving it at its 106 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 B 9 10 11 t2 13 74 15 L6 77 1B 19 20 27 22 23 24 25 current Ievel is best. I also believe that a $1.00 per month increase to the qas monthly customer charge to align it with the electric monthly charge is fair, just and reasonabl-e. E. Customer Service-Related Issues: 1. Low Income Data: Q: Does the Settlement Stipulation address any issues of interest or concern specific to Avista's 1ow income customers? A: Yes. Paragraph 20 of the Stipulation addresses two important l-ow income issues. Firstr ds the Commission is most like1y aware/ CAPAI has been working diligently to obtain a better understanding of l-ow income customer consumption habits, especially for electric customers. In that pursuit, CAPAI has encountered numerous obstacles, among them, the fact that electric utllities have not historically categorized their customers between low income and non-l-ow income. Programs requiring identification of low income customers, such as LTHEAP, are a source of some low income consumption data, but fal-Is far short of capturing the true number and identities of the Company's actual Iow income customer base that would qualify pursuant to federal poverty guidelines. Q: Why is the i-dentification of low income c. zAMoRA, Di B CAPAI 107 customers and their consumptlon data of val-ue and interest to CAPAI? A: As I statedr rro person or entity truly knows the exact number of Avj-stars customers who quali-fy as low-income pursuant to federal- guidelines. Although some l-ow j-ncome customers apply for assistance proqrams such as LIWA or LIHEAP and their consumption data could be anon\rmously collected by Avista, CAPAI has reason to bel-ieve that there are a considerabl-e customers who qualify as 1ow income, but either fail to apply for assistance, for whom assistance is not avail-abl-e or meaningful, or who somehow falI between the cracks. is entirely possible that the true number of l-ow It 2 3 4 5 6 7 I 9 10 11 t2 13 t4 15 L6 71 1B L9 20 2L 22 23 24 25 c. ZANIORA, Di 8a CAPAI 108 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 B 9 10 11 L2 13 t4 15 16 L1 1B t9 20 2L 22 23 24 25 j-ncome customers is many times greater than the handful of assistance recipients on record. Q: Why is the consumption data of low income customers of interest to CAPAI? A: Since CAPAI began initiating its pursuit of Iow income data, there have been several realizations that historical assumptions are not always accurate. For example, it was assumed for many years that }ow income customers cannot afford to consume unnecessary electricity, so they consume relatively lower l-evels than non-Iow income. Because of information collected 1n recent yearsr w€ now know that there possibly exists a surprisingly greater number of low income customers who consume relatlvely high levels of electricity. The possible reasons for this are numerous and include the fact that the poor often l-ive in rented housing, or own homes, that rely on electric heat. Avista's far northern service territory naturally brings with it }ong, cold winters. We also know with certainty that low income customers tlpicalJ-y cannot afford to switch to alternative fuel sources such as natura.l- gas. Eurthermore, l-ow income housing is typically very poorly insulated resulting in considerable heat loss. This is why Avista's Low Income Weatherization (LIWA) program is of great importance to the poor. Thus, Iow income C. ZAMORA, Di 9 CAPAI 109 1 z 3 4 q A 7 I 9 10 11 1,2 13 74 15 16 L1 18 19 20 2t 22 23 24 25 customers whose usage matches these profiles have much less discretion in their electric consumption. Q: Please explain how the acquisitlon of more thorough low income data woul-d assist CAPAI? A: Without having a better picture of l-ow j-ncome consumption, it makes taking a position on rate design for the residential- class very difficult. Q: Why is this? c. zAMoRA, Di 9a CAPAI 110 A: Because another hlstorical presumption was that Iow, fixed monthly customer charges are preferabl-e to low j-ncome customers. Thus, CAPAI has historically argued for collecting revenue requirement increases primarily through the consumpti-on rates. If a greater percentage of l-ow income customers are in fact relatively hiqh users, then a higher basic charge would be preferable. There are always winners and losers when making rate design decisions, but without better data, CAPAI 1s shooting in the dark. Thus, additional- l-ow income data is essential- to taking a more well--informed position. Q: How does the Settlement Stipulation address this need for more thorough l-ow income data? A: In paragraph 20 (a) of the Stipulation it is stated: "The Company and interested parties will meet and confer prior to the Companyr s next general rate case in an effort to identify low income customers served by the Company, quantify the number of customers so identified, and determine those customers' usage patterns. An initial meeting shall occur no l-ater than June 30, 2016, wlth follow-up meetings to occur as the attendees may deem approprj-ate. " Q: Does this provision satisfy CAPAI's desires for more thorough data as you have identified? A: Yes. CAPAI notes that Avista has been 2 3 4 1 o 9 10 11 t2 13 74 15 L6 L7 1B L9 20 2t 22 23 24 25 c . zAMoRA, Di 10 CAPAI 111 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 B 9 10 11 t2 13 L4 15 t6 T1 1B 19 20 27 22 23 24 25 forthcoming i-n responding to past requests regarding this topic. It is, however, an on-going learning process as we attempt to forge better ways to identify low income customers and then obtain their usage data. CAPAI is satisfied that this provision will provide the forum to acquirlng further knowledge of the data sought. 2. Low Income Vleatherization Assistance and Conservation Education : c. zAMoRA, Di l_ 0a CAPAI 1t2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 B 9 10 11 l2 13 t4 15 L6 t7 1B 19 2A 2t 22 23 24 25 c. zAMoRA, Di 11 CAPAI Q: What is the second low j-ncome issue you referred to earl-i-er and that is addressed in the Settlement Stipulation? A: Paragraph 20 (b) states that: "The Company and interested parties shall meet and confer prior to the Companyr s next general rate filing in order to assess the Companyr s Low Income Weatherization and Low Income Conservation Education Programs and discuss appropriate 1eve.l-s of cost-effectlve, 1ow income weatherization in the future. An initial meeting shal-l- occur no l-ater than ,June 30, 20L6, with fol-Iow-up meetlngs to occur as attendees may deem appropriate. Q: Would you please explain why this provision is of value to CAPAI? A: LIWA funding level-s for all three of Idaho's electric IOUs have been frozen since roughly late-2011. Given the amount of time that has transpired, and the increasing backlog of otherwise eliglble 1ow j-ncome customers who cannot receive LIWA assi-stance due to insufficient funding, CAPAI believes that a discussion with the Company, Staff, and other interested parties would be of value. CAPAI al-so believes that there are new methodologies for determining a LIWA programr s cost-effectiveness that have been adopted in other states. In additionr dnv given utllity's programs are 113 subject to their own idiosyncrasies, changes, and opportunities for improvement. CAPAI would like to discuss Avistars LIWA program on a hol-istic, broad spectrum basis to determine possible means of achieving a greater cost-effectiveness rating. IV. CONCLUSION Q: Wou1d you please summarize CAPAI's posi-tion with respect to the Settl-ement Stipulation? A: It is CAPAI t s position that the Settl-ement Stipulation refl-ects a well-negotiated conclusion and one that is in the best interests of the general body of ratepayers. For the 2 3 4 trJ 6 7 I 9 10 11 t2 13 !4 15 L6 L7 18 19 20 2t 22 z3 24 25 ZAMORA, Di 11a CAPAI rt4 C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I 9 10 11 L2 13 74 15 1.6 t7 18 1_9 20 2L 22 23 24 25 reasons outl-ined in my testimony, CAPAI recommends that the Commission approve the proposed settlement agreed to by all parties to this case. Q: Does that conclude your testimony? A: Yes, it does. c. zAMoRA, Di 1,2 CAPAI 115 trJ 6 1 1 /.tZ 3 4 B 9 10 11 LI 13 L4 15 L6 L1 1B L9 20 2t 22 23 .A 25 CSB REPORTING(208) 890-s198 ZAMORA CAPAI (The fol-lowing proceedings were had in open hearing. ) COMMISSIONER RAPER: And does Avista have any que stions ? MR. MEYER: No questions. Thank you. MR. KARPEN: No questions. COMM]SS]ONER RAPER: Mr. Miller? MR. MILLER: Nor I. MR. RICHARDSON: No questi-ons, Madam Chair COMMISSIONER RAPER: Anything from the Commissioners? Thank your Ms. Zamora, for appearing to support the stlpulation. (The witness l-eft the stand.) COMMISSIONER RAPER: I believe that exhausts our witness list. Is there anything el-ser dny other matters or issues, to come before the Commj-ssion today? MR. MEYER: Just to thank you for letting us appear by telephone this evening for the conference and that will allow us to make better use of our time throughout the afternoon, so thank you. COMMISSIONER RAPER: Absolutely, and if you wiIl, Mr. Meyer, tf the Company doesn't intend to have any questions of public witnesses this evening, if you can state that on the record when you introduce yourself, then we can save a lot of time and effort that way as 116 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 B 9 10 11 t2 13 t4 1trl_J 76 L7 1B L9 20 2t 22 23 24 25 CSB REPORTING(208) 890-s198 we1l. MR. MEYER: I have somebody gave me this note because I know Irm forqetful-r so I'Il- do my best. COMMISSIONER RAPER: Perfect, so with thatr we do have a public hearlng scheduled this evening at 7:00 p.m. We wil-l await what I antlcipate will be Mr. Purdy and CAPAI I s request for intervenor fundlng,' is that correct? MR. PURDY: Yes. What date? COMMISSIONER RAPER: You have 74 days pursuant to Rule 1,64. If you can get it in sooner, we can close the record, the Commissioners can deliberate, and speedily issue a decision. MR. PURDY: I'1I do that. Thank you. COMMISSIONER RAPER: Happy Thanksgiving, everyone. Thank you for your indulgence in my first hearing as Chair and this meeting is adjourned. (The Hearing adj ourned at l- 0 : 10 a . m. ) 1,1,1 COLLOQUY