20240528IPC to Staff No 12 Attachment 1.pdf

Technical Reference Manual 3.2
Prepared for
Idaho Power Company
November 24th, 2021
Prepared by:
R
ADM Associates, Inc.
3239 Ramos Circle
Sacramento, CA 95827
(916) 363-8383
Chapter Title i

Table of Contents
1. Overview and Purpose of Deemed Savings Method.....................................................14
1.1. Purpose.....................................................................................................................14
1.2. Methodology and Framework ....................................................................................14
1.3. Weather Data Used for Weather Sensitive Measures................................................15
1.4. Peak Demand Savings and Peak Demand Window Definition...................................17
1.5. Description of Prototypical Building Simulation Models..............................................18
1.6. Application of Stacking Effects in the TRM ................................................................19
1.7. Building Type by Measure .........................................................................................23
2. Commercial and Industrial Deemed Savings Measures...............................................25
2.1. Efficient Interior Lighting and Controls (New Construction)........................................26
2.2. Exterior Lighting Upgrades (New Construction).........................................................42
2.3. Efficient Vending Machines........................................................................................46
2.4. Vending Machine Controls.........................................................................................47
2.5. Efficient Washing Machines.......................................................................................48
2.6. Wall Insulation ...........................................................................................................53
2.7. Ceiling Insulation .......................................................................................................61
2.8. Reflective Roof..........................................................................................................69
2.9. Efficient Windows ......................................................................................................73
2.10. HVAC Controls ..........................................................................................................83
2.11. Hotel/Motel Guestroom Energy Management Systems............................................100
2.12. High Efficiency Air Conditioning...............................................................................104
2.13. High Efficiency Heat Pumps ....................................................................................113
2.14. High Efficiency Chillers............................................................................................124
2.15. Evaporative Coolers (Direct and Indirect) ................................................................132
2.16. Evaporative Pre-Cooler (For Air-Cooled Condensers).............................................135
2.17. Variable Frequency Drives (For HVAC Applications) ...............................................138
2.18. Water-Side Economizers.........................................................................................146
2.19. Kitchen: Refrigerators/Freezers...............................................................................148
2.20. Kitchen: Ice Machines..............................................................................................153
i

2.21. Kitchen: Efficient Dishwashers.................................................................................157
2.22. Refrigeration: Efficient Refrigerated Cases..............................................................158
2.23. Refrigeration: ASH Controls.....................................................................................159
2.24. Refrigeration: Auto-Closer.......................................................................................162
2.25. Refrigeration: Condensers.......................................................................................165
2.26. Refrigeration: Controls.............................................................................................167
2.27. Refrigeration: Door Gasket......................................................................................171
2.28. Refrigerator: Evaporator Fans .................................................................................171
2.29. Refrigeration: Insulation...........................................................................................172
2.30. Refrigeration: Night Covers......................................................................................175
2.31. Refrigeration: No-Heat Glass...................................................................................177
2.32. PC Management Software.......................................................................................179
2.33. Variable Frequency Drives (Process Applications) ..................................................180
2.34. Refrigeration: Automatic High Speed Doors ............................................................181
2.35. High Volume Low Speed Fans ................................................................................185
2.36. HVAC Fan Motor Belts ............................................................................................189
2.37. Refrigeration Strip Curtains......................................................................................192
2.38. Electronically Commutated Motor in HVAC Units.....................................................195
2.39. Engine Block Heater................................................................................................198
2.40. Dairy Pump VFD......................................................................................................201
2.41. Compressed Air Measures ......................................................................................204
2.42. Smart Power Strip ...................................................................................................210
2.43. Potato and Onion Ventilation Variable Frequency Drive ..........................................212
2.44. Kitchen Ventilation Hood .........................................................................................214
2.45. Dedicated Outdoor Air System (DOAS)...................................................................217
2.46. Generator: Circulating Block Heater ........................................................................221
2.47. Air Conditioning Tune Up.........................................................................................224
2.48. High Efficiency Battery Chargers.............................................................................229
2.49. Defrost Coil Control .................................................................................................232
2.50. Networked Lighting Controls....................................................................................235
2.51. Evaporative Fan Controls ........................................................................................239
ii

2.52. Circulation Pump .....................................................................................................242
2.53. Pump Optimization ..................................................................................................247
3. Appendix A: Document Revision History....................................................................250
4. Appendix B....................................................................................................................255
4.1. Optimum Start Stop.................................................................................................255
4.2. Economizer Controls ...............................................................................................255
4.3. Demand Control Ventilation (DCV) ..........................................................................256
4.4. Supply Air Temperature Reset Controls...................................................................257
4.5. Chilled Water Reset Controls...................................................................................257
4.6. Condenser Water Reset Controls............................................................................257
iii

List of Figures
Figure 1-1 Map of Idaho Power Company Service Territory......................................................15
Figure 1-2 Map Illustrating ASHRAE Weather Zones................................................................16
Figure 1-3 Comparison of Monthly Average Temperatures.......................................................17
Figure 1-4 Hypothetical Hourly Savings Profile Used to Illustrate Calculation of Coincidence
Factor................................................................................................................................18
iv

List of Tables
Table 1-1 Stacking Effect Discount Factors...............................................................................20
Table1-2 Building Type ............................................................................................................23
Table 2-1 Typical Savings Estimates for 10% Interior LPD Improvement (New Construction)...26
Table 2-2 Typical Savings Estimates for 20% Interior LPD Improvement..................................26
Table 2-3 Typical Savings Estimates for >= 30% Interior LPD Improvement.............................27
Table 2-4 Typical Savings Estimates for 60% Interior LPD Improvement..................................27
Table 2-5 Typical Savings Estimates for Occupancy Sensors (New Construction)....................28
Table 2-6 Typical Savings Estimates for Efficient Exit Signs .....................................................28
Table 2-7 Stipulated Lighting Hours of Use (HOU) by Building Type.........................................33
Table 2-8 Baseline Lighting Power Densities by Building Type — Building Area Method............34
Table 2-9 Baseline LPD For Common Spaces - Space-by-Space Method (IECC 2018) ...........35
Table 2-10 Baseline LPD for Specific Spaces - Space-by-Space Method (IECC 2018).............36
Table 2-11 Heating and Cooling Interactive Factors by Building Type and Weather Zone ........38
Table 2-12 Peak Demand Coincidence Factors by Building Type.............................................39
Table 2-13 Controls Savings Factors by Building and Control Type..........................................40
Table 2-14 Mandatory Lighting Control Space Types, IECC 2018.............................................41
Table 2-15 Stipulated Fixture Wattages for Various LED Exit Signs..........................................41
Table 2-16 Typical Savings Estimates for Exterior LPD Improvement (New Construction)........42
Table 2-17 Baseline Power Densities for Exterior Lighting —Tradable Surfaces(IECC 2018)....44
Table 2-18 Baseline Power Densities for Exterior Lighting — Non-Tradable Surfaces (IECC 2018)
..........................................................................................................................................45
Table 2-19 Summary Deemed Savings Estimates for Laundromat Efficient Washing Machines
..........................................................................................................................................48
Table 2-20 Summary Deemed Savings Estimates for Multi-family Efficient Washing Machines48
Table 2-21 Unit Energy Savings Efficient Washing Machines - New Construction ....................51
Table 2-22 Unit Energy Savings Efficient Washing Machines - Retrofit.....................................52
Table 2-23 Typical Savings Estimates for Wall Insulation (Cooling Only)..................................53
Table 2-24 Typical Savings Estimates for Wall Insulation (Cooling & Heating)..........................54
Table 2-25 Deemed Energy Savings for Wall Insulation - Retrofit.............................................56
Table 2-26 Deemed Energy Savings for Wall Insulation — New Construction............................57
v

Table 2-27 Wall Insulation: Code Minimum R-values for Nonresidential Buildings in Zone 5.....57
Table 2-28 Wall Insulation: Code Minimum R-values for Nonresidential Buildings in Zone 6.....58
Table 2-29 Stipulated Heating and Cooling Degree Days by Building Type ..............................58
Table 2-30 HVAC Coincidence Factors by Building Type..........................................................59
Table 2-31 Heating and Cooling Equivalent Full Load Hours (EFLH) by Building Type.............60
Table 2-32 Typical Savings Estimates for Ceiling Insulation (Cooling Only)..............................61
Table 2-33 Typical Savings Estimates for Ceiling Insulation (Cooling & Heating)......................62
Table 2-34 Typical Savings Estimates for Ceiling Insulation Retrofit from R11 to R38/R49.......62
Table 2-35 Deemed Energy Savings for Ceiling Insulation - Retrofit.........................................64
Table 2-36 Deemed Energy Savings for Ceiling Insulation — New Construction........................65
Table 2-37 ASHRAE Baseline R—values for Nonresidential Buildings in Zone 5 .......................65
Table 2-38 ASHRAE Baseline R—values for Nonresidential Buildings in Zone 6 .......................65
Table 2-39 International Energy Conservation Code 2018 Chapter 4........................................65
Table 2-40 Base Heating and Cooling Degree Days by Building Type......................................66
Table 2-41 HVAC Coincidence Factors by Building Type..........................................................67
Table 2-42 Stipulated Equivalent Full Load Hours (EFLH) by Building Type .............................68
Table 2-43 Summary Deemed Savings Estimates for Low-Slope Roof (2:12 or less) Reflective
Roof..................................................................................................................................69
Table 2-44 Summary Deemed Savings Estimates for Steep-Slope Roof (>2:12) Reflective Roof
..........................................................................................................................................69
Table 2-45 Unit Energy Savings for Low-Slope (<= 2:12) Reflective Roof.................................71
Table 2-46 Unit Energy Savings for Steep-Slope (> 2:12) Reflective Roof................................72
Table 2-47 Typical Savings Estimates for Efficient Windows (Cooling Only).............................73
Table 2-48 Typical Savings Estimates for Efficient Windows (Heating and Cooling) .................73
Table 2-49 Typical Savings Estimates for Premium Windows (Cooling Only) ...........................74
Table 2-50 Typical Savings Estimates for Premium Windows (Cooling and Heating)................74
Table 2-51 Retrofit Deemed Savings per Sq. Ft........................................................................77
Table 2-52 New Construction Deemed Savings per Sq. Ft. ......................................................77
Table 2-53 Calculated Heating/Cooling Et; for Zone 5 each Building Type ................................78
Table 2-54 Calculated Heating/Cooling Et; for Zone 6 each Building Type ................................79
Table 2-55 Baseline U-Factor and SHGC for Each Building......................................................80
Table 2-56 Average Heating/Cooling COP................................................................................80
VI

Table 2-57 Stipulated Equivalent Full Load Hours (EFLH) by Building Type .............................81
Table 2-58 HVAC Coincidence Factors by Building Type..........................................................82
Table 2-59 Typical Savings Estimates for Air-Side Economizer Only (New and Retrofit) ..........83
Table 2-60 Typical Deemed Savings Estimates for EMS Controls w/1 Strategy Implemented ..84
Table 2-61 Typical Deemed Savings Estimates for EMS Controls w/ 2 Strategies Implemented
..........................................................................................................................................84
Table 2-62 Typical Deemed Savings Estimates for EMS Controls w/ 3 Strategies Implemented
..........................................................................................................................................85
Table 2-63 Typical Deemed Savings Estimates for EMS Controls w/ 4 Strategies Implemented
..........................................................................................................................................85
Table 2-64 Typical Deemed Savings Estimates for EMS Controls w/ 5 Strategies Implemented
..........................................................................................................................................85
Table 2-65 Typical Deemed Savings Estimates for EMS Controls w/ 6 Strategies Implemented
..........................................................................................................................................86
Table 2-66 HVAC System Types...............................................................................................86
Table2-67 EMS Measures .......................................................................................................87
Table 2-68 Energy Savings for Retrofit EMS Controls Climate Zone 5......................................89
Table 2-69 Energy Savings for New Construction EMS Controls Climate Zone 5 .....................91
Table 2-70 Energy Savings for Retrofit EMS Controls Climate Zone 6......................................93
Table 2-71 Energy Savings for New Construction EMS Controls Climate Zone 6 .....................95
Table 2-72 Energy Savings for Retrofit Economizer Controls Only Climate Zone 5...................97
Table 2-73 Energy Savings for New Construction Economizer Controls Only Climate Zone 5 ..97
Table 2-74 Energy Savings for Retrofit Economizer Controls Only Climate Zone 6...................98
Table 2-75 Energy Savings for New Construction Economizer Controls Only Climate Zone 6 ..98
Table 2-76 Energy Savings for Retrofit DCV Only Climate Zone 6............................................99
Table 2-77 Unit Energy Savings for New Construction DCV Only Climate Zone 6 ....................99
Table 2-78 Typical Savings Estimates for GREM (w/o Housekeeping Set-Backs) ..................100
Table 2-79 Typical Savings Estimates for GREM (With Housekeeping Set-Backs).................100
Table 2-80 Typical Savings Estimates for GREM (Average) ...................................................101
Table 2-81 Unit Energy Savings for GREM Systems - Retrofit................................................103
Table 2-82 Unit Energy Savings for GREM Systems — New Construction (IECC 2018) ..........103
Table 2-83 Typical Savings Estimates for High Efficiency, Air Cooled Air Conditioning —CEE Code
Standard Incremental......................................................................................................104
vii

Table 2-84 Typical Savings Estimates for High Efficiency, Water Cooled Air Conditioning — CEE
Code Standard Incremental.............................................................................................104
Table 2-85 Typical Savings Estimates for High Efficiency, Variable Refrigerant Flow— CEE Code
Standard Incremental......................................................................................................105
Table 2-86 Typical Savings Estimates for High Efficiency, Water Cooled Air Conditioning with Air
Cooled Baseline — CEE Code Standard Incremental.......................................................105
Table 2-87 Typical Savings Estimates for High Efficiency, Variable Refrigerant Flow with Air
Cooled Baseline — CEE Code Standard Incremental.......................................................106
Table 2-88 Deemed Savings for High Efficiency A/C — Retrofit Baseline to CEE Tier 1...........108
Table 2-89 Deemed Savings for High Efficiency A/C — New Construction (IECC 2018) Baseline
to CEE 2019 Tier 1 ..........................................................................................................108
Table 2-90 Deemed Savings for High Efficiency A/C — CEE 2019 Tier 1 to Tier 2...................109
Table 2-91 Deemed Savings for High Efficiency A/C — New Construction (IECC 2018)Air Cooled
Baseline to CEE 2019 Tier 1 ...........................................................................................109
Table 2-92 Stipulated Equivalent Full Load Cooling and Heating Hours (EFLH) by Building Type
........................................................................................................................................109
Table 2-93 HVAC Coincidence Factors by Building Type........................................................110
Table 2-94 CEE 2019 Minimum Efficiencies by Unit Type for All Tiers....................................111
Table 2-95 Typical Savings Estimates for High Efficiency Heat Pumps —Air-cooled...............113
Table 2-96 Typical Savings Estimates for High Efficiency Heat Pumps —Water-cooled..........114
Table 2-97 Typical Savings Estimates for High Efficiency Heat Pumps —Air Cooled VRF ......114
Table 2-98 Typical Savings Estimates for High Efficiency Heat Pumps —Water Cooled VRF.115
Table 2-99 Typical Savings Estimates for High Efficiency Heat Pumps using Baseline Air Cooled
Air-Conditioners to Tier 1 Water-cooled Air-Conditioners ................................................115
Table 2-100 Typical Savings Estimates for Air Cooled VRF using an Air Cooled Baseline......116
Table 2-101 Typical Savings Estimates for Water Cooled VRF using an Air Cooled Baseline.116
Table 2-102 Deemed Energy Savings for Efficient Heat Pumps— Retrofit to CEE 2019Tier 1 119
Table 2-103 Deemed Energy Savings for Efficient Heat Pumps — New Construction (IECC 2018)
Base to CEE 2019 Tier 1 .................................................................................................119
Table 2-104 Deemed Energy Savings for Efficient Heat Pumps — New Construction (IECC 2018)
Air Cooled Baseline to CEE 2019 Tier 1 ..........................................................................120
Table 2-105 Deemed Energy Savings for Efficient Heat Pumps — CEE 2019 Tier 1 to Tier 2..120
Table 2-106 Stipulated Equivalent Full Load Hours (EFLH) by Building Type .........................121
Table 2-107 HVAC Coincidence Factors by Building Type......................................................122
viii

Table 2-108 CEE 2019 Baseline Efficiency by Unit Type ........................................................122
Table 2-109 Typical Savings Estimates for High Efficiency Chillers(air cooled).......................124
Table 2-110 Typical Savings Estimates for High Efficiency Chillers(water cooled)..................124
Table 2-111 Deemed Measure Savings for Retrofit, IECC 2018 .............................................127
Table 2-112 Deemed Measure Savings for New Construction, IECC 2018.............................128
Table 2-113 Baseline Code Requirements, IECC 2018...........................................................129
Table 2-114 Stipulated Equivalent Full Load Hours (EFLH) by Building Type .........................130
Table 2-115 HVAC Coincidence Factors by Building Type......................................................131
Table 2-116 Typical Savings Estimates for Evaporative Coolers (Direct)................................132
Table 2-117 Typical Savings Estimates for Evaporative Coolers (Indirect)..............................133
Table 2-118 Unit Energy Savings for Evaporative Coolers —Weather Zone 5.........................134
Table 2-119 Unit Energy Savings for Evaporative Coolers —Weather Zone 6.........................134
Table 2-120 Typical Savings Estimates for Evaporative Pre-Cooler (Installed on Chillers)......135
Table 2-121 Typical Savings Estimates for Evaporative Pre-Cooler (Installed on Refrigeration
Systems).........................................................................................................................135
Table 2-122 Summary Deemed Savings Estimates for VFD ...................................................138
Table 2-123 Stipulated Hours of Use for Commercial HVAC Motors.......................................140
Table 2-124 Stipulated Energy Savings Factors (ESF) for Commercial HVAC VFD Installations
........................................................................................................................................143
Table 2-125 Typical Savings Estimates for Water-Side Economizers .....................................146
Table 2-126 Water Side Economizer Savings.........................................................................147
Table 2-127 Typical Savings Estimates for ENERGY STAR Refrigerators (< 30 ft3) ...............148
Table 2-128 Typical Savings Estimates for ENERGY STAR Refrigerators (>_ 30 ft3) ...............148
Table 2-129 Typical Savings Estimates for ENERGY STAR Freezers (< 30 ft3)......................149
Table 2-130 Typical Savings Estimates for ENERGY STAR Freezers (>_ 30 ft3)......................149
Table 2-131 Unit Energy and Demand Savings for Units less than 15 cu.ft.............................151
Table 2-132 Unit Energy and Demand Savings for Units 15 to 30 cu.ft. ..................................151
Table 2-133 Unit Energy and Demand Savings for Units 30 to 50 cu.ft. ..................................151
Table 2-134 Unit Energy and Demand Savings for Units greater than 50 cu.ft........................152
Table 2-135 List of Incremental Cost Data for Refrigerators and Freezers. .............................152
Table 2-136 Typical Savings Estimates for Ice Machines (<200 Ibs/day) ................................153
Table 2-137 Typical Savings Estimates for Ice Machines (>_200 Ibs/day) ................................153
ix

Table 2-138 Unit Energy Savings for Ice Machine...................................................................156
Table 2-139 Unit Incremental Cost for Ice Machines...............................................................156
Table 2-140 Typical Savings Estimates for ASH Controls.......................................................159
Table 2-141 Connected Load for Typical Reach-In Case........................................................161
Table 2-142 Typical Savings Estimates for Auto-Closers (Walk-In, Low-Temp)......................162
Table 2-143 Typical Savings Estimates for Auto-Closers (Walk-In, Med-Temp)......................162
Table 2-144 Typical Savings Estimates for Auto-Closers (Reach-In, Low-Temp)....................163
Table 2-145 Typical Savings Estimates for Auto-Closers (Reach-In, Med-Temp) ...................163
Table 2-146 Unit Energy and Demand Savings Estimates......................................................164
Table 2-147 Summary Deemed Savings Estimates for Efficient Refrigeration Condenser......165
Table 2-148 Unit Energy Savings for Efficient Refrigeration Condenser..................................166
Table 2-149 Typical Savings Estimates for Floating Suction Pressure Controls (Only) ...........167
Table 2-150 Typical Savings Estimates for Floating Head Pressure Controls (Only)...............167
Table 2-151 Typical Savings Estimates for Floating Head and Suction Pressure Controls......168
Table 2-152 Unit Energy and Demand Savings estimates for Retrofit Projects .......................170
Table 2-153 Unit Energy and Demand Savings estimates for New Construction Projects.......170
Table 2-154 Typical Savings Estimates for Suction Line Insulation for Medium-Temperature
Coolers............................................................................................................................172
Table 2-155 Typical Savings Estimates for Suction Line Insulation for Low-Temperature Freezers
........................................................................................................................................172
Table 2-156 Unit Energy Savings for Suction Line Insulation ..................................................174
Table 2-157 Typical Savings Estimates for Night Covers........................................................175
Table 2-158 Unit Energy Savings for Refrigeration: Night Covers...........................................176
Table 2-159 Typical Savings Estimates for Low/No Heat Doors..............................................177
Table 2-160 Stipulated Energy and Demand Savings Estimates for "No-Heat Glass".............178
Table 2-161 Typical Saving Estimate for Automatic High Speed Doors: Refrigerated Space to
Dock................................................................................................................................181
Table 2-162 Typical Savings Estimate for Automatic High Speed Doors: Freezer to Dock......181
Table 2-163 Typical Savings Estimate for Automatic High Speed Doors: Freezer to Refrigerated
Space..............................................................................................................................182
Table 2-164 Typical Freezer and Refrigerated Space Properties............................................184
Table 2-165 Typical Saving Estimate for High Volume Low Speed Fans in Unconditioned Spaces
........................................................................................................................................185
x

Table 2-166 Typical Savings Estimate for High Volume Low Speed Fans in Conditioned Spaces
........................................................................................................................................185
Table 2-167 Fan Replacement Wattage by Fan Diameter.......................................................187
Table 2-168 Average Savings by Fan Diameter in Unconditioned Space................................187
Table 2-169 Fan Hours by Building Type ................................................................................188
Table 2-170 Estimated Savings for Conditioned Spaces.........................................................188
Table 2-171 Typical Saving Estimate for Cogged HVAC Fan Belts.........................................189
Table 2-172 Typical Saving Estimate for Synchronous HVAC Fan Belts.................................189
Table 2-173 Energy Savings Factor by Belt Replacement ......................................................191
Table 2-174 Typical Occupancy Hours by Building Type ........................................................191
Table 2-175 Typical Saving Estimate for Freezer Strip Curtains .............................................192
Table 2-176 Typical Saving Estimate for Cooler Strip Curtains ...............................................192
Table 2-177 Typical Savings Parameters by Building Type.....................................................194
Table 2-178 Typical Saving Estimate for Fan Motors in HVAC Units (ECM) ...........................195
Table 2-179 Typical Saving Estimate for Fan Motors in HVAC Units (PMSM).........................195
Table 2-180 Typical Occupancy Hours by Building Type ........................................................197
Table 2-181 Typical Motor Replacement Parameters..............................................................197
Table 2-182 Typical Saving Estimate for Wall Mounted Engine Block Heater Controls...........198
Table 2-183 Typical Saving Estimate for Engine Mounted Engine Block Heater Controls.......198
Table 2-184 Typical Vehicle Hours of Operation .....................................................................200
Table 2-185 Typical Engine Block Heater Parameters............................................................200
Table 2-186 Typical Effective Full Load Hours........................................................................200
Table 2-187 Typical Saving Estimate for Milking Vacuum Pump VFD.....................................201
Table 2-188 Typical Saving Estimate for Milk Transfer Pump VFD .........................................201
Table 2-189 Deemed Savings for Dairy Pump VFDs...............................................................203
Table 2-190 Typical Saving Estimate for Air Compressor VFD ...............................................204
Table 2-191 Typical Savings Estimate for a Low Pressure Filter.............................................205
Table 2-192 Typical Savings Estimate for a No-Loss Condensate Drain.................................205
Table 2-193 Typical Savings Estimate for an Efficient Compressed Air Nozzle.......................206
Table 2-194 Typical Saving Estimate for an Efficient Refrigerated Compressed Air Dryer......206
Table 2-195 Typical Hours of Operation and Coincidence Factor Based on Shift Schedules..209
Table 2-196 Typical Parameters Based on Compressor Type ................................................209
xi

Table 2-197 Typical Energy Consumption Ratio by Dryer Type ..............................................209
Table 2-198 Typical Saving Estimate for Smart Power Strip Devices......................................210
Table 2-199 Deemed Savings by Control Device....................................................................211
Table 2-200 Typical Savings Estimate for Potato and Onion Ventilation VFDs........................212
Table 2-201 Deemed Savings Normalized by Horsepower.....................................................213
Table 2-202 Typical Savings Estimate for Kitchen Ventilation Hood Controls .........................214
Table 2-203 Deemed Savings Normalized by Horsepower.....................................................215
Table 2-204 Average Kitchen Exhaust Hood Demand Controlled Ventilation Parameters.......216
Table 2-205 Typical Savings Estimate for a Dedicated Outdoor Air System............................217
Table 2-206 Energy Savings for New Construction DOAS......................................................220
Table 2-207 Energy Savings for Retrofit DOAS.......................................................................220
Table 2-208 Energy Savings and Cost Estimates for New Construction based on Baseline HVAC
type.................................................................................................................................220
Table 2-209 Typical Savings Estimate for a Circulating Block Heater on a Backup Generator <
200 kW............................................................................................................................221
Table 2-210 Typical Savings Estimate for a Circulating Block Heater on a Backup Generator
201-500 kW.....................................................................................................................221
Table 2-211 Typical Savings Estimate for a Circulating Block Heater on a Backup Generator
501-1000 kW...................................................................................................................222
Table 2-212 Stipulated Energy Savings Based on Generator Size..........................................223
Table 2-213 Typical Savings Estimates for Air Conditioning Tune Up — Fixed Orifice .............224
Table 2-214 Typical Savings Estimates for Air Conditioning Tune Up —TXV...........................224
Table 2-215 Stipulated Equivalent Full Load Cooling and Heating Hours (EFLH) by Building Type
........................................................................................................................................227
Table 2-216 HVAC Coincidence Factors by Building Type......................................................228
Table 2-217 Efficiency Loss Factor by Refrigerant Charge Level ............................................228
Table 2-218 Typical Savings Estimates for High Efficiency Battery Chargers — Single Phase.229
Table 2-219 Typical Savings Estimates for High Efficiency Battery Chargers — Three Phase .229
Table 2-220 Battery Charging System - Hours and Wattages.................................................231
Table 2-221 Typical Savings Estimates for Defrost Coil Control - Cooler................................232
Table 2-222 Typical Savings Estimates for Defrost Coil Control - Freezer ..............................232
Table 2-223 Battery Charging System - Hours and Wattages.................................................234
Table 2-224 Typical Savings Estimates for Network Lighting Controls....................................235
xii

Table 2-225 Stipulated Control Savings Fraction by Space Type............................................237
Table 2-226 Stipulated Lighting Hours of Use (HOU) by Building Type...................................238
Table 2-227 Typical Savings Estimates for Evaporative Fan Motor and Controls in Freezers .239
Table 2-228 Typical Savings Estimates for Evaporative Fan Motor and Controls in Coolers...239
Table 2-229 Typical Savings Estimates for ECM without Speed Controls and <=1 HP ...........242
Table 2-230 Typical Savings Estimates for ECM without Speed Controls and >1 HP .............242
Table 2-231 Typical Savings Estimates for ECM with Speed Controls and <=1 HP ................243
Table 2-232 Typical Savings Estimates for ECM with Speed Controls and >1 HP ..................243
Table 2-233 Deemed Savings for ECMs without Speed Controls on Circulation Pump...........245
Table 2-234 Deemed Savings for ECMs with Speed Controls on Circulation Pump................246
Table 2-235 Typical Savings Estimates for Pump Optimization...............................................247
Table 2-236 Stipulated Equivalent Full Load Hours (EFLH) by Building Type .........................249
Table 3-1 Document Revision History.....................................................................................250
Table 4-1 List of Eligible HVAC Control Measures ..................................................................255
xiii

1 . Overview and Purpose of Deemed Savings Method
This Technical Reference Manual (TRM) is a compilation of stipulated algorithms and values for
various energy efficiency measures implemented by Idaho Power Company's commercial
demand side management programs and serves the New Construction and Retrofit programs by
providing up to date savings estimates for the energy efficiency measures offered by the
programs. This manual is intended to facilitate the cost effectiveness screening, planning,
tracking, and energy savings reporting for the New Construction and Retrofit Energy Efficiency
incentive programs. While the algorithms and stipulated values contained in this TRM are derived
using best practices, the stipulated values should be reviewed and revised according to relevant
industry research and impact evaluation findings as necessary to ensure that they remain
accurate for the New Construction and Retrofit programs. The following sections describe many
of the processes and cross-cutting assumptions used to derive the measure level savings
estimates found in Section 2.
1.1. Purpose
This manual is intended to facilitate the cost effectiveness screening, planning, tracking, and
energy savings reporting for the New Construction and Retrofit energy efficiency incentive
programs. This document is intended to be a living document in which the stipulated values are
revised according to relevant industry research and impact evaluation findings.
1.2. Methodology and Framework
The algorithms and stipulated values contained in this TRM are derived using current industry
standard engineering best practices. Current relevant research, recent impact evaluations, and
Technical Reference Manuals developed for other states and/or regions are referenced where
appropriate. All energy savings algorithms in this TRM are designed to be applied using the simple
engineering formulas defined for each measure in conjunction with the included stipulated values.
Each measure is presented first with a summary of the technology and typical expected (per unit)
energy savings, expected useful life, and incremental cost estimates. The `typical' per unit values
leverage basic assumptions regarding the geographic distribution of program participants (e.g.
weather zone) as well as participant demographics (for example distribution of building types,
efficiency of current building stock, etc.). Each measure is accompanied by a spreadsheet
calculator containing live formulas and all weights used to derive the typical per-unit estimates. It
is expected that as better information is made available regarding program participants, or as
program designs are adjusted these numbers will be updated accordingly.
Following the measure summary information, each measure section provides a description of its
scope and the spectrum of eligible projects/equipment to which the algorithms and values apply.
When applicable, a discussion of code compliance topics (for new construction projects) is
included.
Overview and Purpose of Deemed Savings Method 14

1.3. Weather Data Used for Weather Sensitive Measures
The service territory for Idaho Power Company covers much of southern Idaho and stretches into
eastern Oregon. This is illustrated in Figure 1-1.In order to normalize expected annual energy
savings and peak demand reductions for annual variations in weather patterns, all stipulated
values for weather sensitive measures were derived using the industry standard Typical
Meteorological Year (TMY3) weather data. While there are many weather stations in Idaho for
which TMY3 data is available, it was determined that averaging the TMY3 weather across stations
in two ASHRAE weather zones (zones 5 and 6) provided sufficient resolution without adding too
many separate variations for stipulated values reported in the TRM.
Service Area
Salmon
South-East
• Region
McCall
•
Canyon-West cascade
Region
Ontario •Payette
Vale• •
Emmett
1 Caldwell Halley
• •
• •Bolse
I Nampa
Capital
REGON Region Blackfoot
iMountain Home Gooding
• Pocatello
i Jerome South-East • •
I • Region American Falls
1 Twin Falls
1
I
I `
Figure 1-1 Map of Idaho Power Company Service Territory'
All stipulated values for weather sensitive measures (e.g. Equivalent Full Load Cooling Hours)
are based on `typical' weather data and provided separately for each of these two weather zones.
A map of the ASHRAE weather zones is provided in Figure 1-2. When separate savings estimates
are provided for different weather zones, the project location should be used to determine which
of the values are applicable. The `typical' energy savings values reported at the beginning of each
measure's section assumes a weighted average between the two weather zones using weights
of 80% and 20% for Zones 5 and 6 respectively.
Map represents service territory at the time of this publication.
Overview and Purpose of Deemed Savings Method 15

ine iC1j Dry fBi Nl IA"I
r
5
5 �J �_ r
f-•
9oroupn..,7enAa.
NortMtu Arne
F N.Str V LA lympon ZeM 1
-ltopw�M pW1R��.�iu�R
NoiP 7YaM YAM rra dv VP• Wnnb I 1
Figure 1-2 Map Illustrating ASHRAE Weather Zones2
While reviewing the weather data it was noted that while both weather zones are 'heating
dominated' Weather Zone 6 is on average cooler that Weather Zone 5. Therefore, energy
conservation measures targeting heating efficiency tend to perform much better in Zone 6.
However; measures which result in a heating penalty tend to perform better in Zone 5. Monthly
average dry bulb temperatures are compared for both weather zones in Figure 1-3.
z Note how Idaho is bisected by Zones 5 and 6
Overview and Purpose of Deemed Savings Method 16

Comparison of Monthly Average Temperatures
for Weather Zones 5 and 6
60-
d
Weather Zone
Y 40- ZONE5
PZONE6
Q
E
20-
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Month
Figure 1-3 Comparison of Monthly Average Temperatures
1.4. Peak Demand Savings and Peak Demand Window Definition
Where applicable peak demand savings estimates are derived using Idaho Power Company's
peak period definition of: weekdays from 12:00 PM to 8:00 PM, June 1 through August 31. Hourly
savings estimates are averaged over the aforementioned time period to report peak savings.
Coincidence Factors for Lighting
Coincidence factors are defined as the percentage of the demand savings which occur during
Idaho Power Company's peak period (defined above). When hourly data are available these are
calculated by averaging the hourly demand savings over the peak period definition. This is
exemplified in Figure 1-4 which illustrates a hypothetical hourly savings profile. The highlighted
region bounds the peak period definition and the CF is calculated by taking the average demand
reduction during that period divided by the max demand reduction
Overview and Purpose of Deemed Savings Method 17

12
Maximum Demand Savings
10
3
Y
O 8
O
r
u
3
6
O
m 4
E
v
2 Peak Demand Window
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Hour Of The Day
Figure 1-4 Hypothetical Hourly Savings Profile Used to Illustrate Calculation of Coincidence
Factor
Thus in the example above let's suppose that the maximum Demand savings are 10 kW and the
average kW reduction in the shaded area is 6 kW. The coincidence factor is calculated as follows:
Average Reduction _ _6 kW
Coincidence Factor = 6
Max Reduction 10 kW
1.5. Description of Prototypical Building Simulation Models
The estimated energy impacts for many of the measures in this TRM were developed using the
help of building energy simulation modeling. All of the building simulations were performed using
the DOE2.2 simulation software to simulation prototypical building models developed for the
Database for Energy Efficiency Resources (DEER). A complete description of these models can
be found in the DEER final report — though some aspects will be heighted here as they relate to
the TRM.3
5 different vintages of 23 non-residential prototypical building models were developed for the
DEER. These models include the following:
■ Assembly,
■ Education Primary School,
■ Education Secondary School,
■ Education—Community College,
■ Education University,
s Southern California Edison, Database for Energy Efficiency Resources(DEER)Update Study.2005
Overview and Purpose of Deemed Savings Method 18

■ Education—Relocatable Classroom,
■ Grocery,
■ Health/Medical—Hospital,
■ Health/Medical—Nursing Home,
■ Lodging—Hotel,
■ Lodging—Motel,
■ Manufacturing—Bio/Tech,
■ Manufacturing—Light Industrial,
■ Office—Large,
■ Office—Small,
■ Restaurant—Sit-Down,
■ Restaurant—Fast-Food,
■ Retail—3-Story Large,
■ Retail—Single-Story Large,
■ Retail—Small,
■ Storage—Conditioned,
■ Storage—Unconditioned, and
■ Storage—Refrigerated Warehouse.
A complete set of these models was pulled from the DEER for use in simulating various weather
sensitive measures (including heating and cooling interactive factors for lighting). All simulations
were run using the (2) Idaho specific weather data-set described in Section 1.3 for the buildings
for which a measure was applicable. The hourly results were then compiled and typically
normalized using the building conditioned area (ft2) or installed cooling/heating capacity (Tons).
Note that the newest vintage of a building type was selected for simulating impacts for new
construction while the most applicable vintage was selected for retrofit.4
1.6. Application of Stacking Effects in the TRIM!
Often energy conservation projects involve `packages' of measures implemented together. As
measures are `stacked' on top of one another, each add to the overall project energy savings,
however; individual measure impacts are not always directly additive. This is because, unless
otherwise noted, the `typical' savings values reported within this TRM assumes that the measure
is implemented on its own. When measures interact with each other this can cause the total
energy savings to be less than the individual savings added together, labeled as the stacking
effect. The stacking effect will apply to all measures that are implemented in the same space and
have the same end-use category. All overlapping measures will have a discount factor applied to
the saving depending on the measure order, see Table 1-1.
'The specific vintage selected was a function of the expected distribution of buildings of that type in the Idaho Power Service Territory.
Overview and Purpose of Deemed Savings Method 19

Table 1-1 Stacking Effect Discount Factors
Measure Order Discount
Factor
1 1
2 .85
3 .74
4 .67
5 .62
6 .59
1.6.1. Step by Step Guide to Applying the Stacking Effect
Step one: Arrange the measures
Measures will be arranged by the estimated savings from highest savings to lowest
savings.
Step Two: Identify End-uses
For each measure, identify the end-uses that will affect the savings and that will affect
other measures.
Note: A measure can have more than one end-use.
Step Three: Discount factor
Recognize where any overlap in end-use occurs and apply the discount factor based on
the number of measures with the same end-use above it.
Step Four: Adjust Energy Savings
Multiply measure savings by the associated discount factor to obtain the adjusted measure
savings.
Overview and Purpose of Deemed Savings Method 20

1.6.2. Stacking Effect Example
Let's assume that a project involved the following energy conservation measures:
Order Implemented Measure Relative Savings End-Use
1 Efficient Interior Lighting 5% Cooling & Lighting
2 High Efficiency Chilled 4% Pumps &Auxiliary
Water Pumps
3 High Efficiency Chiller 10% Cooling
4 Water-side economizer 2% Cooling
Step One: Arrange the Measures
The measures are arranged with the highest savings being applied first and decrease in savings
down the list. This arrangement can be done using the relative savings as shown or using the
individual measure projected kWh savings.
Order Measure Relative Savings End-Use
1 High Efficiency Chiller 10% Cooling
2 Efficient Interior Lighting 5% Cooling & Lighting
3 High Efficiency Chilled 4% Pumps &Auxiliary
Water Pumps
4 Water-side economizer 2% Cooling
Step Two: Identify End-uses
Use the TRM to record all the measure end-uses. Find where the end-uses overlap and make
sure that the installed equipment actually overlaps by being in the same space or working on the
same system.
Order Measure Relative Savings End-Use
1 High Efficiency Chiller 10% Cooling
2 Efficient Interior Lighting 5% Cooling &
_ Lighting
3 High Efficiency Chilled 4% Pumps &Auxiliary
Water Pumps
4 Water-side economizer 2% Cooling
Step Three: Discount Factors
Apply a discount factor to all measures based on the number of overlapping measures above.
Note that the chilled water pump does not overlap so has a discount factor of 1 and the water-
side economizer is the third cooling end-use so has a discount factor of 0.74.
Overview and Purpose of Deemed Savings Method 21

Order Measure Relative End-Use Discount Factor
Savings
1 High Efficiency Chiller 10% Cooling 1
2 Efficient Interior 5% Cooling & Lighting 0.85
Lighting
3 High Efficiency Chilled 4% Pumps&Auxiliary 1
Water Pumps
4 Water-side 2% Cooling 0.74
economizer
Step Four: Adjust Energy Savings
Apply the discount factor to all relevant measures by multiplying the discount factor by the
individual measure energy savings.
Relative Individual Discount Adjusted
Order Measure Savings End-Use Energy Factor Energy
Savings Savings
1 High Efficiency 10% Cooling 300,000 kWh 1 300,000 kWh
Chiller _
2 Efficient Interior 5% Cooling & 150,000 kWh 0.85 127,500 kWh
Lighting Lighting
High Efficiency a Pumps &
3 Chilled Water 4/o Auxiliary 120,000 kWh 1 120,000 kWh
Pumps
4 Water-side 2% Cooling 60,000 kWh 0.74 44,400 kWh
economizer
Project Total: 591,900 kWh
1.6.3. Special Cases
There are a few cases that require more explanation.
Stacking effect integrated into the TRM Savings:
Two measures in the TRM already have stacking effects integrated into the typical savings stated
as the measure interacts with itself.
1) High efficiency lighting and lighting controls
2) HVAC Controls
These two measures should be treated the same as all other measures once the correct typical
savings has been decided. For example, the HVAC control measure there are many levels of
savings based on the number of controls implemented that interact with each other. For this
reason, savings for one control measure can not be multiplied by the number of controls
implemented. However, once the correct typical savings value is selected the measure should be
used in the stacking effect calculation as previously described.
Overview and Purpose of Deemed Savings Method 22

Measures that have the same end-use but are installed in different areas:
Two or more measures can have the same end-use without needing a discount factor applied if
the measures are not in the same space and will not interact with each other. For example: if an
office replaces AC unit #2 and improves the LPD in a space served by AC unit #1 than these
measures will not stack. Any instances of this needs to be well documented.
Measure has multiple end-uses that cause stacking effect:
Some measures have multiple end-uses which can cause it to stack with multiple measures.
When a measure with multiple end-uses where both end-uses will stack with other measures in
the program than each end-use should be evaluated separately and the measure should use the
lowest discount factor calculated. For example, a program has four measures and in order from
greatest savings to least savings are: two cooling only measures, one lighting only measure and
the last one is lighting and cooling. In this case the final measure is the third cooling measure for
discount factor of 0.74 and the second lighting measures for a discount factor of 0.85. A discount
factor of 0.74 should be used since it is the lower number.
1.7. Building Type by Measure
This TRM estimates the facility energy savings for each measure using deemed values where
applicable. Because of how various measure savings are sourced and calculated, all building
types are not present for all measures. When applying for measure savings, the building type that
most closely resembles the stated facility should be used and should be consistent for all
measures being implemented at the same facility. Table 1-2 helps combine the building types
listed for HVAC and Lighting measures. This table can be used to select a single building type
from either list and lookup the appropriate building type label in the other measure.
Table 1-2 Building Type
Lighting Lighting HVAC HVAC
Building Type HVAC Measures Measures EFLH Cooling Heating
EFLH EFLH
Assembly Assembly Assembly 2,700 855 985
Education - Primary Education - Primary School, Primary 2,500 197 321
School _ School
Education - Secondary Education - Secondary School, Secondary 2,500 223 428
School School
Education - Education - Community College 2,100 551 352
Community College College
Education - University Education - University University 2,100 702 363
Grocery Grocery Retail Supermarket 6,800 544 1,862
Overview and Purpose of Deemed Savings Method 23

Lighting Lighting HVAC HVAC
Building Type HVAC Measures Measures EFLH Cooling Heating
EFLH _ EFLH
Health/Medical - Health/Medical - Hospital 4,200 1,575 625
Hospital Hospital
Health/Medical - Health/Medical - Other Health, 4,300 1,016 1,450
Nursing Home Nursing Home Nursing, Medical
_ Clinic
Lodging - Hotel Lodging - Hotel Lodging, Hotel 3,500 1,112 653
Lodging - Motel Lodging - Motel Lodging, Motel 3,500 970 705
Industrial Plant- 1/2 Manufacturing - Light Industrial Plant with 5,500 507 777
Shift Industrial One/Two Shift
Industrial Plant- 3 Manufacturing - Light Industrial Plant with 7,000 507 777
Shift Industrial Three Shifts
Office- Large Office- Large Office >100,000 sf 3,300 733 207
Library Office-Small Library 3,000 599 277
Office <20,000 sf Office-Small Office <20,000 sf 2,600 599 277
Office 20,000 to Office-Small Office 20,000 to 3,300 599 277
100,000 sf 100,000 sf
Restaurant- Sit-Down Restaurant- Sit-Down Restaurant, Sit- 4,900 792 641
Down
Restaurant- Fast- Restaurant- Fast-Food Restaurant, Fast- 4,900 827 737
Food Food
Retail -3-Story Large Retail - 3-Story Large Retail Anchor Store 4,400 741 816
>50,000 sf Multistory
Retail 5,000 to 50,000 Retail - Single-Story Retail 5,000 to 3,900 694 884
sf Large 50,000 sf
Retail Big Box> Retail - Single-Story Retail Big Box 6,000 694 884
50,000 sf One-story Large >50,000 sf One-
Story
Retail Mini Mart Retail - Small Retail Mini Mart 7,200 705 936
Retail Boutique <5,000 Retail - Small Retail Boutique 2,500 705 936
sf <5,000 sf
Automotive Repair Storage- Conditioned Automotive Repair 3,100 316 748
Warehouse Storage- Conditioned Warehouse 2,600 316 748
Other Other Other 3,800 635 726
Overview and Purpose of Deemed Savings Method 24

2. Commercial and Industrial Deemed Savings
Measures
This chapter contains the protocols and stipulated values for commercial and industrial measures
covered by this TRM. Spreadsheets were developed for each measure and contain any
calculations used to derive stipulated values (or deemed savings estimates). Each measure is
presented first with a summary of the technology and typical expected (per unit) energy savings,
expected useful life, and incremental cost estimates. The `typical' per unit values leverage basic
assumptions regarding the geographic distribution of program participants (e.g. weather zone)as
well as participant demographics (for example distribution of building types, efficiency of current
building stock, etc.) and are intended for use in cost effectiveness screening — not as deemed
savings estimates (given their generality). Where applicable, deemed savings estimates are
provided for various scenario in tables at the end of each measure's section.
Each measure is accompanied by a spreadsheet calculator containing live formulas and all
weights used to derive the typical per-unit estimates. It is expected that as better information is
made available regarding program participants, or as program designs are adjusted these
numbers will be updated accordingly. Following the measure summary information, each measure
section provides a description of its scope and the spectrum of eligible projects/equipment to
which the algorithms and values apply. When applicable, a discussion of code compliance topics
(for new construction projects) is included. It should also be noted that while savings estimates
are provided for a multitude of measures (both for retrofit and new construction) a custom
engineering analysis should be preferred for significantly large projects when possible. This is
particularly true for projects involving VFDs, HVAC controls, and/or large `packages' of multiple
measures.
Commercial and Industrial Deemed Savings Measures 25

2.1. Efficient Interior Lighting and Controls (New Construction)
The following algorithms and assumptions are applicable to interior lighting systems installed in
commercial and industrial spaces which are more efficient than required by prevailing codes and
standards. This measure applies only to projects which represent new construction or major
renovations.' The following tables summarize the `typical' expected (per ft2) energy impacts for
lighting power density improvements and controls additions. Typical values are based on the
algorithms and stipulated values described below and data from past program participants.'
Table 2-1 Typical Savings Estimates for 10% Interior LPD Improvement (New Construction)
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit n/a ft2
Average Unit Energy Savings n/a .43 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings n/a .09 W
Expected Useful Life n/a 14 Years
Average Incremental Cost' n/a $0.13
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC, Lighting
Table 2-2 Typical Savings Estimates for 20% Interior LPD Improvement
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit n/a ft2
Average Unit Energy Savings n/a .86 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings n/a .17 W
Expected Useful Life n/a 14 Years
Average Incremental Cost8 n/a $0.25
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC, Lighting
e Major renovations are defined to be any renovation or facility expansion project in which building permits were required and the
lighting system had to be demonstrated to comply with a particular code or standard.
6 See spreadsheet"1-Typical Calcs_HighEffLight_v7.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy
savings and incremental costs.
Stated costs only apply to the increased cost of materials and do not account for the additional design costs associated with this
measure.
8 See previous footnote
Efficient Interior Lighting and Controls (New Construction) 26

Table 2-3 Typical Savings Estimates for>= 30% Interior LPD Improvements
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit n/a ft2
Average Unit Energy Savings n/a 1.95 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings n/a .39 W
Expected Useful Life n/a 14 Years
Average Incremental Cost10 n/a $0.58
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC, Lighting
Table 2-4 Typical Savings Estimates for 60% Interior LPD Improvement
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit n/a ft2
Average Unit Energy Savings n/a 2.57 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings n/a .52 W
Expected Useful Life n/a 14 Years
Average Incremental Cost" n/a $0.76
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC, Lighting
9 Note that the values listed for this measure assume the"typical'improvement in this category is a 45.5%reduction in interior LPD.
This is based on observed lighting load reductions from past program participants. Note that an average%reduction was taken for
participants whose LPD reduction fell within this category.
10 Stated costs only apply to the increased cost of materials and do not account for the additional design costs associated with this
measure.
11 See previous footnote.
Efficient Interior Lighting and Controls (New Construction) 27

Table 2-5 Typical Savings Estimates for Occupancy Sensors (New Construction)12
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit n/a Sensor
Average Unit Energy Savings n/a 329 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings n/a 66 W
Expected Useful Life n/a 8 Years
Average Incremental Cost n/a $134
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC, Lighting
Table 2-6 Typical Savings Estimates for Efficient Exit Signs13
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit n/a _ Sign
Average Unit Energy Savings n/a 28 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings n/a 3.6 W
Expected Useful Life n/a 16 Years
Average Incremental Cost n/a $10.83
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
2.1.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
All above-code interior lighting systems (fixtures, lamps, ballasts, etc.) are eligible. Eligibility is
determined by calculating the lighting power density (LPD) for the installed system. If the LPD is
at least 10% lower than allowed by code (see Section 2.1.2) then the system is eligible. Efficient
equipment may include florescent fixtures, LED lamps, LED exit signs, compact florescent light
bulbs, high intensity discharge lamps, etc.
In addition to efficient lighting fixtures, lighting controls are eligible under this measure. Eligible
controls include: occupancy sensors (wall mounted and fixture mounted), dimmers, and bi-level
switches. Lighting controls are only eligible when not already required by the building code
standard to which a project is permitted.
Occupancy sensor lighting controls are required in all spaces types stated in Table 2-14. Lighting
controls must: automatically turn off lights within 30 minutes of occupants leavings the space, be
manual on or controlled to automatically turn lighting on to no more than 50% power, and
incorporate a manual off control14. Warehouse spaces shall be controlled as follows: in aisleways
and open areas the controls will turn down lighting power to no less than 50% when unoccupied
12 Occupancy sensor savings are based on the assumption that each sensor will control 300 Watts
13 Note that the energy savings for exit signs are the same for both code standards.
14 Warehouse spaces shall be controlled based on section C405.2.1.2.
Efficient Interior Lighting and Controls (New Construction) 28

and each aisleway will be controlled independently with the aisle sensor not controlling lighting
beyond the aisleway.
Photocontrol sensors are not eligible for new construction savings and have been removed from
the TRM. The building code requires photocontrols on all lights in areas that received natural
lighting and therefore are not eligible for savings.
Exit signs are required to be less than 2 watts per face.
2.1.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
There are two possible project baseline scenarios — retrofit and new construction. This measure
currently only addresses the new construction scenario.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
This measure does not apply to retrofit or early replacement.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
Baseline equipment for this measure is defined as an installed lighting system with a maximum
allowable LPD. The maximum allowable LPD is defined by the building code according to which
the project was permitted. Recently Idaho adopted IECC 2018 as the energy efficiency standard
for new construction from the previous standard IECC 2015.
Two paths are available for code compliance—the Building Area Method (IECC 2018, C405.4.2.1)
and the Space-by-Space Method (IECC 2018, C405.4.2.2). Either can be used to determine
baseline power density provided it is consistent with the method used by the project for code
compliance.
Code Compliance Considerations for Lighting Controls
Section C405.2 of the IECC 2018 Standard specifies mandatory automatic lighting controls in
certain space types with a few exceptions and are listed in Table 2-14. If the building or space is
not exempt from these mandatory provisions, then the least efficient mandatory control strategy
shall be assumed as baseline equipment. Note that prescriptive lighting control requirements have
changed between the 2015 and 2018 versions of IECC.
2.1.3. Algorithms
Two sets of algorithms are provided for this measure. The first are algorithms for Lighting Power
Density (LPD) reductions and/or for the addition of lighting controls. The second set of algorithms
are included for high efficiency exit signs (which are treated separately by ASHRAE 90.1):
Algorithm 1 (Lighting Power Density Reduction and Controls Additions):
AkWh = kWhbase— kWhtnstaued
Efficient Interior Lighting and Controls (New Construction) 29

=ASF*(LPDbase - LPDlnstalled * (1 — CSF)] *HOU *HCIFEnergy
dkW = (Mbase - Mmstaued) * CF
=ASF *(LPDbase - LPDlnstalled * (1 — CSF)] *HCIFpemand * CF
kWh/UnitTypical =-7(QkWhlUnitbuilding i* Wbuilding i)
kWh/Unitbuilding,i =[LPDbuilding i,base- LPDbuilding i,Installed* (1 — CSF)] *HCIFpemand
The above equations for AkWh and AkW can be simplified to the following if a project involves
only a lighting power density reduction or lighting controls addition:
Power density reduction only. dkWh =ASF*[LPDbase - LPDlnstalled] *HOU *HCIFEnergy
Controls installation only: AkWh =ASF*LPDlnstalled * CSF *HOU *HCIFEnergy
Algorithm 2 (High Efficiency Exit Signs):
dkWh = kWhbase—kWhlnstalled
_ (Wbase - Wlnstalled) * 8760 * HCIFEnergy *NSigns
dkW = (Wbase - Wlnstalled) * Nsigns
2.1.4. Definitions
AkWh Expected energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
dkW Expected demand reduction between baseline and installed equipment.
HOU Annual operating hours for the lighting system. Values for various building
types are stipulated in Table 2-7. When available, actual system hours of
use should be used.
LPD Lighting power density baseline (base)and installed (meas)systems. This
is defined as the total lighting system connected load divided by the lighted
area. The Building Area method baseline LPD is defined by Table 2-8. The
Efficient Interior Lighting and Controls (New Construction) 30

Space-By-Space method the LPD is defined by Table 2-9 through Table
2-10.
W Exit Sign base and installed wattage. Note that the base wattage is defined
by IECC to be 5 watts. Note exit sign wattage is the same for IECC 2015
and 2018. See Table 2-15 for stipulated wattages.
CF Peak coincidence factor. Represents the % of the connected load
reduction which occurs during Idaho Power's peak period. For Exit signs
the coincidence factor is defined to be unity.
HCIF Heating and Cooling Interactive Factors. These account for the secondary
impacts reductions in internal loads effect on HVAC systems by
representing the expected "typical' impacts a reduction in the lighting
power density will effect on electric space conditioning equipment. These
are defined in Table 2-11 for various building types and climate zones.
CSF Controls Savings Factor. This is defined as the % reduction in system
hours of use (HOU) due do installed lighting controls. Stipulated values for
this variable are provided in Table 2-13.
kWh/Unitrypi,ai Typical measure savings on a per unit basis.
kWh/Unitbuildi g,i Typical measure savings for building type i on a per unit basis. Uses the
baseline LPD for building type i as defined in
Table 2-8. Measure LPD for building i is defined as the average installed
LPD for past program participants of that building type.
Wbuilding,i Population weight for building type i. This is defined to be the square
footage of building type i in past program participants divided by the total
square footage of past participant building space
2.1.5. Sources
■ IECC 2015, Chapter 4.
■ IECC 2018, Chapter 4.
■ Regional Technical Forum, draft Standard Protocol Calculator for Non-Residential
Lighting improvements, https:Hrtf.nwcouncii.org/standard-protocol/non-residential-
lightinq-retrofits
■ California DEER Prototypical Simulation models (modified), eQUEST-DEER 3-5.11
15 Prototypical building energy simulations were used to generate Idaho specific Heating and Cooling Interactive Factors and
Coincidence factors for various building and heating fuel types.
Efficient Interior Lighting and Controls (New Construction) 31

California DEER Effective Useful Life worksheets: EUL_Summary_10-1-08.xls
Acker, B., Van Den Wymelenberg, K., 2010. Measurement and Verification of Daylighting
Photocontrols; Technical Report 20090205-01, Integrated Design Lab, University of
Idaho, Boise, ID.
2.1.6. Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
Efficient Interior Lighting and Controls (New Construction) 32

Table 2-7 Stipulated Lighting Hours of Use (HOU) by Building Type16
Building Type Hours of Use
Assembly 2,700
Automotive Repair 3,100
College 2,100
University 2,100
Exterior 24 Hour Operation 8,766
Hospital 4,200
Industrial Plant with One Shift 5,500
Industrial Plant with Three Shifts 7,000
Industrial Plant with Two Shifts 5,500
Library 3,000
Lodging, Hotel 3,500
Lodging, Motel 3,500
Manufacturing 5,500
Office <20,000 sf 2,600
Office >100,000 sf 3,300
Office 20,000 to 100,000 sf 3,300
Other Health, Nursing, Medical Clinic 4,300
Parking Garage 6,300
Restaurant, Sit-Down 4,900
Restaurant, Fast-Food 4,900
Retail 5,000 to 50,000 sf 3,900
Retail Anchor Store >50,000 sf Multistory 4,400
Retail Big Box>50,000 sf One-Story 6,000
Retail Boutique <5,000 sf 2,500
Retail Mini Mart 7,200
Retail Supermarket 6,800
School, Primary 2,500
School, Secondary 2,500
Street&Area Lighting (Photo Sensor Controlled) 4,383
Warehouse 2,600
Other 3,800
16 The values in this table are based on the most recent Regional Technical Forum draft Standard Protocol Calculator for Non-
Residential Lighting improvements:x hftps://rtf.nwcouncil.org/standard-protocol/non-residential-lighting-retrofits version 4.2
Efficient Interior Lighting and Controls (New Construction) 33

Table 2-8 Baseline Lighting Power Densities by Building Type- Building Area Method"
Building Area Type IECC 2018 LPD (W/ft2)
Automotive facility 0.71
Convention center 0.76
Courthouse 0.9
Dining: bar lounge/leisure 0.9
Dining: cafeteria/fast food 0.79
Dining: family 0.78
Dormitory 0.61
Exercise center 0.65
Gymnasium 0.53
Health-care clinic 0.68
Hospital 0.82
Hotel 1.05
Library 0.75
Manufacturing facility 0.78
Motel 0.9
Motion picture theater 0.83
Multifamily 0.68
Museum 1.06
Office 0.79
Parking garage 0.15
Penitentiary 0.75
Performing arts theater 1.18
Police/fire station 0.8
Post office 0.67
Religious building 0.94
Retail 1.26
School/university 0.81
Sports arena 0.87
Town hall 0.8
Transportation 0.61
Warehouse 0.48
Workshop 0.9
"These values are from Tables C405.4.2(1)in IECC 2018.
Efficient Interior Lighting and Controls (New Construction) 34

Table 2-9 Baseline LPD For Common Spaces - Space-by-Space Method (IECC 2018)
Common Space Type 8 (2018) LPD (W/ft2)
0.03 per
Atrium - Less than 40 feet in height foot in
height
0.4 + 0.02
Atrium - Greater than 40 feet in height per foot in
total height
Audience/seating area - Permanent
In an auditorium 0.63
In a convention center 0.82
In a gymnasium 0.65
In a motion picture theater 1.14
In a penitentiary 0.28
In a performing arts theater 2.03
In a religious building 1.53
In a sports arena 0.43
Otherwise 0.43
Banking activity area 0.86
Breakroom (see Lounge/breakroom)
Classroom/lecture hall/training room
In a penitentiary 1.34
Otherwise 0.96
Conference/meeting/multipurpose 1.33
Copy/print room 1.07
Corridor
In a facility for the visually impaired (and not 0.92
used primarily by the staff)
In a hospital 0.92
In a manufacturing facility 0.29
Otherwise 0.66
Courtroom 1.39
Computer room 0.93
Dining area
In a penitentiary 0.96
In a facility for the visually impaired (and not 2
used primarily by the staff)
In a bar/lounge or leisure dining 0.93
In cafeteria or fast food dining 0.63
In a family dining area 0.71
Otherwise 0.63
Electrical/mechanical 0.43
$In cases where both a common space type and a building specific type are listed,the building specific space type shall apply.
Efficient Interior Lighting and Controls (New Construction) 35

Common Space Type" (2018) LPD (W/ft2)
Emergency vehicle garage 0.41
Food preparation 1.06
Guest room 0.77
Laboratory
In or as a classroom 1.2
Otherwise 1.45
Laundry/washing area 0.43
Loading dock, interior 0.58
Lobby
In a facility for the visually impaired (and not 2.03
used primarily by the staff)
Otherwise 0.85
Sales area 1.22
Seating area, general 0.42
Stairway(see space containing stairway)
Stairwell 0.58
Storage room 0.46
Vehicular maintenance 0.56
Workshop 1.14
Table 2-10 Baseline LPD for Specific Spaces - Space-by-Space Method (IECC 2018)
Building Specific Space Types (2018) LPD (W/ft2)
Facility for the visually impaired
In a chapel (and not used primarily by 1.06
the staff)
In a recreation room (and not used 1.8
primarily by the staff)
Automotive - (See Vehicular
maintenance, above)
Convention center- Exhibit space 0.88
Dormitory living quarters 0.54
Fire stations -Sleeping quarters 0.2
Gymnasium/fitness center
In an exercise area 0.5
In a playing area 0.82
Health care facility
In an exam/treatment room 1.68
In an imaging room 1.06
In a medical supply room 0.54
In a nursery 1
In a nurse's station 0.81
Efficient Interior Lighting and Controls (New Construction) 36

Building Specific Space Types (2018) LPD (W/ft2)
In an operating room 2.17
In a patient room 0.62
In a physical therapy room 0.84
In a recovery room 1.03
Library
In a reading area 0.82
In the stacks 1.2
Manufacturing facility
In a detailed manufacturing area 0.93
In an equipment room 0.65
In an extra high bay area (greater than 1.05
50-foot floor-to-ceiling height)
In a high bay area (25-50-foot floor-to- 0.75
ceiling height)
In a low bay (< 25-foot floor-to-ceiling 0.96
height)
Museum
In a general exhibition area 1.05
In a restoration room 0.85
Performing arts theater dressing/fitting 0.36
room
Post office- Sorting area 0.68
Religious buildings
In a fellowship hall 0.55
In a worship/pulpit/choir area 1.53
Retail facilities
In a dressing/fitting room 0.5
In a mall concourse 0.9
Sports arena- Playing area
For a Class 1 facility 2.47
For a Class 2 facility 1.96
For a Class 3 facility 1.7
For a Class 4 facility 1.13
Transportation
In a baggage/carousel area 0.45
In an airport concourse 0.31
At a terminal ticket counter 0.62
Warehouse-Storage area
For medium to bulky palletized items 0.35
For smaller, hand-carried items 0.69
Efficient Interior Lighting and Controls (New Construction) 37

Table 2-11 Heating and Cooling Interactive Factors by Building Type and Weather Zone19
Building Type Weather Zone 5 Weather Zone 6
kWh kW kWh kW
Primary School 1.04 1.2 1.03 1.17
Secondary School 1.04 1.14 1.02 1.12
Community College 1.11 1.16 1.08 1.15
University 1.13 1.14 1.14 1.14
Hospital 1.09 1.04 1.08 1.06
Nursing Home 1.09 1.29 1.08 1.26
Hotel 1.15 1.16 1.14 1.15
Mote120 0.74 1.29 0.66 1.28
Light Manufacturing 1.05 1.25 1.04 1.23
Small Office 1.06 1.26 1.06 1.24
Large Office 1.08 1.14 1.07 1.14
Full Service Restaurant(Sit-Down) 1.06 1.25 1.05 1.22
Fast Food 1.05 1.2 1.04 1.19
Small Retail 1.07 1.29 1.06 1.25
Large 1-story Retail 1.07 1.3 1.06 1.27
3-story Retail 1.05 1.14 1.05 1.13
Conditioned Storage 1.03 1.09 1.01 1.02
Multi Family 1.03 1.26 1.02 1.24
Other 1.05 1.2 1.04 1.18
19 Factors generated using DOE2.2 simulations based on the prototypical building models developed for the California Database for
Energy Efficiency Resources using weather data based on the two Idaho weather zones. The values in this table make assumptions
regarding `typical'fuel sources and efficiencies for heating and cooling equipment. These numbers represent the expected "typical'
impacts a reduction in the lighting power density will effect on electric space conditioning equipment.
2°Note that these figures assume Motel HVAC systems are either heat-pumps or use electric resistance heating. If it is known that a
particular motel uses gas heating then use the values for Hotel instead.
Efficient Interior Lighting and Controls (New Construction) 38

Table 2-12 Peak Demand Coincidence Factors by Building Type21
Building Type CIF
Primary School 0.48
Secondary School 0.48
Community College 0.6
University 0.76
Hospital 0.92
Nursing Home 0.9
Hotel 0.89
Motel 0.89
Light Manufacturing 0.98
Small Office 0.71
Large Office 0.85
Full Service Restaurant(Sit-Down) 0.95
Fast Food 0.95
Small Retail 0.47
Large 1-story Retail 0.78
3-story Retail 0.56
Conditioned Storage 0.8
Multi Family 0.43
Other 0.73
21 Factors generated using prototypical lighting schedules found in the DEER building models and the definition for the Idaho Power
Company's peak period(12 pm to 8 pm on weekdays between June 1st and August 31st).
Efficient Interior Lighting and Controls (New Construction) 39

Table 2-13 Controls Savings Factors by Building and Control Type22
Dimmers,
Space Type Occupancy Daylight Bi-level Wireless Occupancy
Sensor Sensor Switching on/off & Daylight
Switches
Assembly 36% 36% 6% 6% 40%
Break Room 20% 20% 6% 6% 40%
Classroom 18% 29% 6% 6% 34%
Computer Room 35% 18% 6% 6% 34%
Conference 35% 18% 35% 35% 40%
Dining 35% 18% 6% 6% 40%
Gymnasium 35% 35% 6% 6% 40%
Hallway 15% 15% 6% 6% 34%
Hospital Room 45% 27% 6% 6% 35%
Industrial 45% 0% 35% 35% 40%
Kitchen 30% 0% 6% 6% 34%
Library 15% 18% 6% 6% 34%
Lobby 25% 18% 6% 6% 40%
Lodging (Guest Rooms) 45% 0% 35% 35% 40%
Open Office 22% 27% 35% 35% 40%
Parking Garage 15% 18% 35% 0% 0%
Private Office 22% 27% 35% 35% 40%
Process 45% 0% 6% 6% 34%
Public Assembly 36% 36% 6% 6% 40%
Restroom 40% 0% 6% 6% 40%
Retail 15% 29% 6% 6% 34%
Stairs 25% 0% 0% 0% 18%
Storage 45% 0% 6% 6% 40%
Technical Area 35% 18% 6% 6% 34%
Warehouses 31% 28% 35% 35% 40%
Other 7% 18% 6% 6% 34%
22 The values in this table are based on the most recent Regional Technical Forum draft Standard Protocol Calculator for Non-
Residential Lighting improvements:https://rtf.nwcouncil.org/standard-protocol/non-residential-lighting-retrofits version 4.2
Efficient Interior Lighting and Controls (New Construction) 40

Table 2-14 Mandatory Lighting Control Space Types, IECC 2018
Space Type Occupancy Sensor Time-Switch Control
Exceptions Exceptions
Areas designated as security
Classrooms/lecture/training rooms or emergency areas that are Spaces where patient
required to be continuously care is directly provided
lighted
Interior exit stairways, interior Spaces where
Conference/meeting/multipurpose rooms exit ramps and exit automatic shutoff would
passageways endanger occupant
safety or security
Copy/print rooms Emergency egress lighting that Lighting intended for
is normally off continuous operations
Lounges Shop and laboratory
classrooms
Employee lunch and break rooms
Private offices
Restrooms
Storage rooms
Locker rooms
Other spaces 300 square feet or less that
are enclosed by floor-to-ceiling height
partitions
Warehouses
Table 2-15 Stipulated Fixture Wattages for Various LED Exit Signs
Fixture Description Base Fixture Installed Fixture
Wattage Wattage
LED Exit Sign, 0.5 Watt Lamp, Single Sided 5 W 0.5 W
LED Exit Sign, 1.5 Watt Lamp, Single Sided 5 W 1.5 W
LED Exit Sign, 2 Watt Lamp, Single Sided 5 W 2 W
LED Exit Sign, 0.5 Watt Lamp, Double Sided low 1 W
LED Exit Sign, 1.5 Watt Lamp, Double Sided low 3 W
LED Exit Sign, 2 Watt Lamp, Double Sided low 4 W
Other/Unknown LED 5 W 2 W
Efficient Interior Lighting and Controls (New Construction) 41

2.2. Exterior Lighting Upgrades (New Construction)
The following algorithms and assumptions are applicable to exterior lighting systems installed in
commercial and industrial spaces which are more efficient than required by prevailing codes and
standards. This measure applies only to projects which represent new construction or major
renovations.21 The following table summarizes the `typical' expected (per kW reduction) energy
impacts for lighting power density improvements and controls additions. Typical values are based
on the algorithms and stipulated values described below and data from past program
participants.24
Table 2-16 Typical Savings Estimates for Exterior LPD Improvement (New Construction)
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit n/a kW (reduced)
Average Unit Energy Savings n/a 4,059 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings n/a 0 W
Expected Useful Life n/a 15 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost n/a n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $ 287
Stacking Effect End-Use n/a
2.2.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
All above-code Exterior lighting systems (fixtures, lamps, ballasts, etc.) are eligible. Eligibility is
determined by calculating the lighting power density (LPD) for the installed system. If the LPD is
at least 15% lower than allowed by code (see Table 2-17 and Table 2-18) then the system is
eligible. Efficient equipment may include florescent fixtures, LED lamps, LED exit signs, compact
florescent light bulbs, high intensity discharge lamps, etc.
2.2.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
There are two possible project baseline scenarios — retrofit and new construction. This measure
currently only addresses the new construction scenario.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
n/a
21 Major renovations are defined to be any renovation or facility expansion project in which building permits were required and the
lighting system had to be demonstrated to comply with a particular code or standard.
"See spreadsheet "2-TypicalCalcs_ExtLight_v4.xlsx" for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy
savings and incremental costs.
Exterior Lighting Upgrades (New Construction) 42

New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
Baseline equipment for this measure is defined as an installed lighting system with a maximum
allowable LPD. The maximum allowable LPD is defined by the building code according to which
the project was permitted. Current applicable standards are defined by IECC 2018.2019.
Code Compliance Considerations for Lighting Controls
Sections C405.4 Exterior lighting power requirements specify energy efficiency and lighting power
density requirements for non-exempt exterior lighting. Table C405.4.2(2) and C405.4.2(3) list the
power density requirements for various building exteriors.
2.2.3. Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
AkWh = kWhbase— kWhmeas
=AsF*X PDbase - LPDmeas * (1 — CSF)] *HOU
dkW = 0
kWhIUnitTypical =Z(QkWhIUnitbuilding i* Wbuilding i)
2.2.4. Definitions
AkWh Expected energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
dkW Expected demand reduction between baseline and installed equipment.
HOU Stipulated to be 4,059 hours.21
LPD Lighting power density baseline (base) and installed (meas) systems. This
is defined as the total lighting system connected load divided by the lighted
area (or as defined by code). See Table 2-17 and Table 2-18
kWh/Unitrypical Typical measure savings on a per unit basis.
Wbuilding,i Population weight for application type L This is defined to be the % of
application type i in past program participants.
zs Value is sourced from https://www.idahopower.com/AboutUs/RatesReguIatory/Tariffs/tariffPDF.cfm?id=39
Exterior Lighting Upgrades (New Construction) 43

2.2.5. Sources
2.2.6. IECC 2018, Chapter 4.Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
Table 2-17 Baseline Power Densities for Exterior Lighting— Tradable Surfaces26(IECC 2018)
Area Type Location LPD Units
Uncovered Parking I Parking Lots and Drives 0.08 W/Ft2
Areas
Walkways less than 10 feet wide 0.7 W/Linear Foot
Walkways 10 feet wide or greater 0.14 W/Ft2
Building Grounds Dining areas 0.95 W/Ft2
Stairways 0.7 W/Ft2
Pedestrian tunnels 0.21 W/Ft2
Landscaping 0.04 W/Ft2
Pedestrian and vehicular entrances 21 W/Linear Foot of Door
Building Entrances and exits Width
and Exits Entry canopies 0.4 W/Ft2
Loading docks 0.35 W/Ft2
Canopies and Canopies (free standing and attached 0.6 W/Ft2
Overhangs and overhangs)
Open Areas (including vehicle sales 0.35 W/Ft2
Outdoor Sales lots)
Street frontage for vehicle sales lots in 7 W/Linear Foot
addition to 'open area" allowance
26 These values are from Tables C405.4.2(2)in IECC 2018
Exterior Lighting Upgrades (New Construction) 44

Table 2-18 Baseline Power Densities for Exterior Lighting— Non-Tradable Surfaces21 (IECC
2018)
Area Type LPD
Building Facades 0.15 W/ft2 for each illuminated wall or surface or 5.0
W/linear foot for each illuminated wall or surface length
Automated teller machines and night 135 W per location plus 45 W per additional ATM per
depositories location
Uncovered entrances and gatehouse 0.5 W/ft2 of uncovered area (covered areas are included in
inspection stations at guarded facilities the "Canopies and Overhangs" section of"Tradable
Surfaces")
Uncovered Loading areas for law 0.35 W/ft2 of uncovered area (covered areas are included
enforcement, fire, ambulances and other in the "Canopies and Overhangs" section of"Tradable
emergency service vehicles Surfaces")
Drive-up windows at fast food
200 W per drive-through
restaurants
Parking near 24-hour retail entrances 400 W per main entry
2'These values are from Tables C405.4.2(3)in IECC 2018
Exterior Lighting Upgrades (New Construction) 45

2.3. Efficient Vending Machines
The measure relating to the installation of ENERGY STAR qualified new and rebuilt vending has
been deemed standard practice and is no longer offered in the incentive program. Refer to version
2.2 of the Idaho Power TRM for previous assumptions.
Efficient Vending Machines 46

2.4. Vending Machine Controls
The measure relating to the installation of new controls on refrigerated beverage vending
machines, non-refrigerated snack vending machines, and glass front refrigerated coolers has
been deemed standard practice and is no longer offered in the incentive program. Refer to version
2.2 of the Idaho Power TRM for previous assumptions.
Vending Machine Controls 47

2.5. Efficient Washing Machines
This protocol discusses the calculation methodology and the assumptions regarding baseline
equipment, efficient equipment, and usage patterns used to estimate annual energy savings
expected from the replacement of a standard clothes washer with an ENERGY STAR or high
efficiency clothes washer.
Table 2-19 and Table 2-20 summarizes the expected (per machine) energy impacts for this
measure assuming an electric dryer. Typical values are based on the algorithms and stipulated
values described below.
Table 2-19 Summary Deemed Savings Estimates for Laundromat Efficient Washing Machines28
Laundromat Retrofit New Construction29
Deemed Savings Unit Machine Machine
Average Unit Energy Savings 1,579 kWh 1,019 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.79 kW 0.51 kW
Expected Useful Life 7 Years 7 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $ 1,582 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $400
Stacking Effect End-Use n/a
Table 2-20 Summary Deemed Savings Estimates for Multi-family Efficient Washing Machines30
Multi-family Retrofit New 31
Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Machine Machine
Average Unit Energy Savings 1,161kWh 610 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.58 kW 0.30 kW
Expected Useful Life 11 Years 11Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $ 1582 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $400
Stacking Effect End-Use n/a
2.5.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
The eligible equipment is clothes washers meeting ENERGY STAR or better efficiency in small
commercial applications and can have either electric or gas water heating (DHW) and electric
28 See spreadsheet"5-TypicalCalcs_EffwshMcn_v4.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy
savings,EUL,and incremental costs.
29 Laundromat new construction deemed savings are based on units with an MEF>2.2
so See spreadsheet"5-TypicalCalcs_EffwshMcn_v4.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy
savings,EUL,and incremental costs.
31 Multi-family new construction deemed savings are based on an average of all sizes with electric dryers.
Efficient Washing Machines 48

dryers. For all setup combinations, use Table 2-21 and Table 2-22 for savings estimates.
Currently, only front-loading clothes washers meet the ENERGY STAR standards.
2.5.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
Baseline equipment for this measure is determined by the nature of the project. There are two
possible scenarios: retrofit (early replacement) or new construction.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
The retrofit baseline condition is a standard efficiency washing machine.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
For new construction the baseline is the Federal efficiency standard MEF >_1.60 (ft3/kWh/cycle)
and WF <_ 8.5 (gal/ft3/cycle) for Top Loading washers and MEF >_2.0 (ft3/kWh/cycle)/ (kWh) and
WF <_ 5.5 (gal/ft3/cycle) for Front Loading washers. The RTF only designates savings for Front
Loading washers.
2.5.3. Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
OkWh = OkWh/Unit * Nunirs
OkWh/Unitrypioal = y (AkWh/Unit; * Wi)
AkWh/Uniti,lnralled = OkWhDryer + OkWhwaterheat + OkWhwatertreatment
AkWhwaterneat = Cap * 0.058 * WF1.3593 * CP* MWater* AT/ (rlElec * 3,412) * Ncycles
OkWhWatertreatment = Cap * WF * Ncycles * kWhaeration
OkW = OkW/Unit * Nunits
OkW/Unitrypical = Y (AkW/Uniti* OF * Wi)
2.5.4. Definitions
A kWh Expected energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
A kW Demand energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
A kWh/Unit Per unit energy savings as stipulated in Table 2-21 and Table 2-22. If
retrofit and capacity & WF are known, this can be calculated using the
equation for AkWh/Uniti,lnstalledabove.
AkWh/UnitTypicai Typical measure energy savings on a per unit basis.
AkWh/Unit;,instaiied Calculated energy savings on a per unit basis for retrofit projects.
Efficient Washing Machines 49

AkW/Unit Per unit demand savings as stipulated in Table 2-21 and Table 2-22.
AkW/UnitTyp;cai Typical measure demand savings on a per unit basis.
Wi Population weight for each AkWh/Unit; and AkW/Unit;. Values used are
from DOE's Commercial Clothes Washers Final Rule Technical Support
Document
OF Utilization Factor. This is defined to be 0.00049912
Nunits Number of Machines
NCycles Number of Cycles
Cap Compartment Capacity of Washer (ft3)
WF Manufacturer rated water factor
kWhpryer Dryer energy savings from washer lessening remaining moisture content
OkWhwater heat Water heating savings from washer using less hot water
OkWhwatertreatment Energy savings from reduced wastewater aeration
AkWhgeration Aeration energy usage = 5.3 kWh/1000gal"
CP Specific Heat of water= 1 Btu/lb-F
Water Mass of water = 8.3149 Ibs/gallon
AT Delta temperature. This is defined to be 80 (degree F)
nElec Electric Water Heating Efficiency = 98%
sz See spreadsheet"5-TypicalCalcs_EffwshMcn_v4.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the UF.
sa From Regional Technical Forum measure workbook
Efficient Washing Machines 50

2.5.5. Sources
Regional Technical Forum measure workbook:
http://rtf.nwcouncil.org/measures/com/Com ClothesWasher_v5.1
Department of Energy (DOE) Technical Support Document, 2009:
http://www 1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/product.aspx/productid/46
California Energy Commission, appliance list:
https://cacertappliances.energy.ca.gov/Pages/ApplianceSearch.aspx
2.5.6. Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
Table 2-21 Unit Energy Savings Efficient Washing Machines - New Construction
Facility DHW
Dryer Type Source Size kWh/Unit kW/Unit
Type Type
Electric Hot MEF J2 from 2.00 to 2.19 813 0.41
Electric Water MEF J2 of 2.20 or greater 1244 0.62
Dryer Gas Hot MEF J2 from 2.00 to 2.19 482 0.24
Laundromat Water MEF J2 of 2.20 or greater 794 0.40
Electric Hot MEF J2 from 2.00 to 2.19 381 0.19
Gas Dryer Water MEF J2 of 2.20 or greater 510 0.25
Gas Hot MEF J2 from 2.00 to 2.19 50 0.03
Water MEF J2 of 2.20 or greater 60 0.03
Electric Hot MEF J2 from 2.00 to 2.19 595 0.30
Electric Water MEF J2 of 2.20 or greater 910 0.45
Dryer Gas Hot MEF J2 from 2.00 to 2.19 353 0.18
Multifamily Water MEF J2 of 2.20 or greater 581 0.29
Electric Hot MEF J2 from 2.00 to 2.19 279 0.14
Gas Dryer Water MEF J2 of 2.20 or greater 373 0.19
Gas Hot MEF J2 from 2.00 to 2.19 37 0.02
Water MEF J2 of 2.20 or greater 44 0.02
Efficient Washing Machines 51

Table 2-22 Unit Energy Savings Efficient Washing Machines - Retrofit
Facility Type Dryer Type DHW Source Type kWh/Unit kW/Unit
Electric Electric Hot Water 1,915 0.96
Laundromat Dryer Gas Hot Water 1,244 0.62
Gas Dryer
Electric Hot Water 756 0.38
Gas Hot Water 85 0.04
Electric Electric Hot Water 1,407 0.70
Multifamily Dryer Gas Hot Water 916 0.46
Gas Dryer
Electric Hot Water 559 0.28
Gas Hot Water 68 0.03
Retrofit table does not include savings based on unit size because the CEC database used to
create the baseline did not have enough unit types to create a baseline based on the unit size.
Efficient Washing Machines 52

2.6. Wall Insulation
The following algorithms and assumptions are applicable to wall insulation installed in commercial
spaces which are more efficient than existing insulation or prevailing codes and standards.
Wall insulation is rated by its R-value. An R-value indicates its resistance to heat flow, a higher
R-value mean greater insulating effectiveness. The R-value depends on the type of insulation
including its material, thickness, and density. When calculating the R-value of a multilayered
installation, add the R-values of the individual layers.
Table 2-23 and Table 2-24 summarize the `typical' expected (per insulation square foot) energy
impacts for this measure for cooling only and cooling +heating impacts respectively. These tables
show the average savings for the two scenarios calculated, R-2.5 to R-11 and R-19 for retrofit
and R-19 to R-26 and R-30 for new construction. Typical and deemed values are based on the
algorithms and stipulated values described below34. The typical and deemed values reported in
this chapter are based on a weighted average across multiple building types. The cooling savings
assume either DX or Hydronic cooling (depending on what is considered `typical' for that building
type) while the heating component assumes DX air-cooled heat pumps.
Table 2-23 Typical Savings Estimates for Wall Insulation (Cooling Only)
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit +. Insulation ft2 Insulation ft2
Average Unit Energy Savings 0.022 kWh 0.001 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.017 W 0.002 W
Expected Useful Life 25 Years 25 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $ 0.74 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $ 0.13
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
sa See spreadsheet "6-TypicalCalcs_Walllnsul_v4.xlsx" for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy
savings and incremental costs for cooling savings.
Wall Insulation 53

Table 2-24 Typical Savings Estimates for Wall Insulation (Cooling & Heating)
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Insulation ft2 Insulation ft2
Average Unit Energy Savings 3.01 kWh 0.130 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 2.10 W 0.092 W
Expected Useful Life 25 Years 25 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $0.74 n/a
Average Incremental Cost _ n/a $ 0.13
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
2.6.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
Eligible wall area is limited to the treated wall area of exterior walls (gross wall area, less window
and door) where the insulation has been installed to the proposed R-value. Insulation must be
installed in buildings, or portions of buildings, with central mechanical air conditioning or
PTAC/PTHP systems. Qualifying wall insulation can be rigid foam, fiberglass bat, blown-in
fiberglass or cellulose, assuming it meets or exceeds the required R-value. Radiant barriers will
not be allowed as a substitute for insulation. The savings estimates for retrofit projects assume
the baseline building has no wall insulation (e.g., an empty cavity).
2.6.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
Baseline equipment for this measure is determined by the nature of the project. There are two
possible scenarios: retrofit (early replacement)or new construction. Note that heating savings are
only applicable for facilities with electric heating.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
If the project is retrofitting pre-existing insulation and the project does not represent a major
renovation, then the baseline efficiency is defined by the pre-existing insulation.
New Construction (New Construction, Replace on Burnout)
For New Construction, the baseline efficiency is defined as the minimum allowable R-value by
the prevailing building energy code or standard according to which the project was permitted.
Recently Idaho adopted IECC 2018 as the energy efficiency standard for new construction from
the previous standard ASHRAE 90.1-2019. Given the recent adoption the program expects to see
participants permitted to either of these standards so stipulated code values for both are provided.
Wall Insulation 54

2.6.3. Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
AkWh = AkWhco.I + AkWhheat
AkWhcooj = A * (CDD * 24)/(SEER * 3412) * (1/Rbase— 1/Rmeas)
AkWhheat = A* (HDD * 24)/(HSPF * 3412) * (1/Rbase— 1/Rmeas)
AkWpeak = AkWhcool / EFLH...I X CF
2.6.4. Definitions
A Area of the insulation that was installed in square feet
HDD Heating degree days, refer to Table 2-29 for typical heating degree days for
different buildings. When possible, actual base temperatures should be
used to calculate the HDD
CDD Cooling degree days refer to Table 2-29 for typical cooling degree days for
different buildings. When possible, actual base temperatures should be
used to calculate the CDD.
Rbase The R-value of the insulation and support structure before the additional
insulation is installed
Rmeas The total measure R-value of all insulation after the additional insulation is
installed
EFLH Annual equivalent full load cooling hours for the air conditioning unit. Values
for various building types are stipulated in Table 2-31. When available,
actual system hours of use should be used.
SEER Seasonal Energy efficiency ratio of the air conditioning unit. This is defined
as the ratio of the Annual cooling provided by the air conditioner (in BTUs),
to the total electrical input (in Watts). Note that the IEER is an appropriate
equivalent. If the SEER or IEER are unknown or unavailable use the
following formula to estimate from the EER:35
SEER = .0507 * EER2 + .5773 * EER + .4919
HSPF Heating Season Performance Factor. This is identical to the SEER
(described above) as applied to Heat Pumps in heating mode. If only the
heat pump COP is available, then use the following:
HSPF = .5651 * COP2 + .464 * COP + .4873
CF Peak coincidence factor. Represents the% of the connected load reduction
which occurs during Idaho Power's peak period.
AkWh/UnitRetrofit Typical measure savings on a per unit basis.
ss Note that this formula is an approximation and should only be applied to EER values up to 15 EER.
Wall Insulation 55

AkWhNew Const Savings reflecting the most efficient unit upgrading to the least
efficient qualifying unit representing a conservative savings estimate
for the measure.
2.6.5. Sources
■ ASHRAE, Standard 90.1-2019.
■ California DEER Prototypical Simulation models (modified), eQUEST-DEER 3-5.36
■ California DEER Effective Useful Life worksheets: EUL_Summary_10-1-08.xls37
■ IECC 2018
2.6.6. Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
Table 2-25 Deemed Energy Savings for Wall Insulation - Retrofit38
W/ft2 kWh/ft2 Cost/ft2
R-2.5 to R-11
Cooling 0.016 0.021 $0.64
Heating 1.956 2.82 $0.64
Cooling & Heating 1.973 2.84 $0.64
R-2.5 to R-19
Cooling 0.018 0.023 $0.85
Heating 2.199 3.16 $0.85
Cooling & Heating 2.217 3.19 $0.85
36 Prototypical building energy simulations were used to generate Idaho specific Heating and Cooling Interactive Factors and
Coincidence factors for various building and heating fuel types.
37 After reviewing the sources feeding into the DEER value of 20 years it was found that the 20 year determination was based on a
DEER policy for maximum EUL.Since DEER sources supported a higher EUL the higher EUL is used here.
38 See spreadsheet"6-TypicalCalcs_Walllnsul_v4.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the deemed unit energy
savings.
Wall Insulation 56

Table 2-26 Deemed Energy Savings for Wall Insulation— New Construction39
W/ft2 kWh/ft2 Cost/ft2
R-13 to R-19
Cooling 0.002 0.001 $0.10
Heating 0.076 0.109 $0.10
Cooling & Heating 0.078 0.110 $0.10
R-13 to R-21
Cooling 0.003 0.001 $0.15
Heating 0.103 0.149 $0.15
Cooling & Heating 0.106 0.150 $0.15
Table 2-27 Wall Insulation: Code Minimum R-values for Nonresidential Buildings in Zone 5a0
Climate Opaque ASHRAE 90.1 2019
Zone 5 Element Insulation Min. R- IECC 2018
Value
Mass R-11.4 6 R-11.4 6
Metal R-0 + R-19 c.i R-13 + R-13 c.i
Walls, Building
Above- Steel-Framed R-13.0 + R-10 c.i R-13 + R-7.5 c.i
Grade Wood-
Framed and R-13.0 + R-7.5 c.i OR R-13 + R-3.8 c.i
Other R-19 + R-5 c.i OR R-20
Wall, Below-Grade
Below- Wall R-7.5 c.i R-7.5 c.i
Grade
39 See spreadsheet"6-TypicalCalcs_Walllnsul_v4.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the deemed unit energy
savings.
40 Values stipulated from Table 5.5-5 ASHRAE 2019.c.i.=continuous insulation, NR=no requirement
Wall Insulation 57

Table 2-28 Wall Insulation: Code Minimum R-values for Nonresidential Buildings in Zone 641
Climate Opaque ASHRAE 90.1 2019
Zone 6 Element Insulation Min. R- IECC 2018
Value
Mass R-13.3 c.i R-13.3 c.i
Walls, Metal Building R-0 + R-19 ci R-13 + R-13 c.i
Above- Steel-Framed R-13.0 + R-12.5 c.i R-13 + R-7.5 c.i
Grade Wood-Framed R-13.0 + R-7.5 c.i OR -13 + R-75 c.i OR
and Other R-19 + R-5 ci R-20 + R-3.8 c.i
Wall, Below-Grade
Below- Wall R-10 c.i R-7.5 c.i
Grade
Table 2-29 Stipulated Heating and Cooling Degree Days by Building Type42
Zone 5 Zone 6
Building Type HDD CDD HDD CDD
Assembly 5,866 229 7,325 170
Education - Community College 5,866 187 7,325 134
Education - Primary School 5,866 187 7,325 134
Education -Secondary School 5,866 187 7,325 134
Education - University 5,866 187 7,325 134
Grocery 6,329 284 7,809 216
Health/Medical - Hospital 7,628 278 9,169 210
Health/Medical - Nursing Home 7,690 413 9,233 321
Lodging - Hotel 7,690 517 9,233 405
Lodging - Motel 7,690 286 9,233 216
Manufacturing - Light Industrial 5,700 159 7,140 124
Office- Large 6,430 253 7,912 189
Office- Small 5,759 159 7,206 124
Restaurant- Fast-Food 6,901 286 8,407 216
Restaurant-Sit-Down 6,901 286 8,407 216
Retail -3-Story Large 6,329 284 7,809 216
Retail - Single-Story Large 6,329 284 7,809 216
Retail - Small 6,545 286 8,042 216
Storage-Conditioned 5,700 159 7,140 124
4'Values stipulated from Table 5.5-6 in ASHRAE 2019.c.i.=continuous insulation, NR=no requirement
0.2 Values obtained from simulations of the DEER input models using eQuest to obtain typical baseline temperatures for each building.
TMY3 weather data was collected and averaged over the ASHRAE weather Zones 5 and 6 to create heating and cooling degree days
using the typical baseline temperatures.
Wall Insulation 58

Table 2-30 HVAC Coincidence Factors by Building Type
Building Type Coincidence Factor
Assembly 0.47
Education - Community College 0.54
Education - Primary School 0.1
Education -Secondary School 0.1
Education - University 0.53
Grocery 0.54
Health/Medical - Hospital 0.82
Health/Medical - Nursing Home 0.49
Lodging - Hotel 0.67
Lodging - Motel 0.63
Manufacturing - Light Industrial 0.46
Office- Large 0.58
Office-Small 0.51
Restaurant- Fast-Food 0.48
Restaurant-Sit-Down 0.46
Retail -3-Story Large 0.66
Retail - Single-Story Large 0.56
Retail - Small 0.49
Storage-Conditioned 0.41
Wall Insulation 59

Table 2-31 Heating and Cooling Equivalent Full Load Hours (EFLH) by Building Type43
Zone 5 Zone 6 Weighted
Average44
Building Type EFLH EFLH EFLH EFLH EFLH EFLH
Cooling Heating Cooling Heating Cooling Heating
Assembly 879 966 758 1059 855 985
Education - Primary School 203 299 173 408 197 321
Education - Secondary School 230 406 196 514 223 428
Education - Community College 556 326 530 456 551 352
Education - University 697 341 721 449 702 363
Grocery 564 1825 460 2011 544 1862
Health/Medical - Hospital 1616 612 1409 679 1575 625
Health/Medical - Nursing Home 1049 1399 884 1653 1016 1450
Lodging - Hotel 1121 621 1075 780 1112 653
Lodging - Motel 978 682 937 796 970 705
Manufacturing - Light Industrial 530 699 415 1088 507 777
Office- Large 746 204 680 221 733 207
Office-Small 607 256 567 360 599 277
Restaurant-Sit-Down 811 624 716 709 792 641
Restaurant- Fast-Food 850 722 734 796 827 737
Retail - 3-Story Large 765 770 644 998 741 816
Retail - Single-Story Large 724 855 576 998 694 884
Retail - Small 726 886 619 1138 705 936
Storage-Conditioned 335 688 242 989 316 748
43 Prototypical building energy simulations were used to generate Idaho specific heating and cooling equivalent full load hours for
various buildings.
44 EFLH average values are weighted 80%zone 5 and 20%zone 6.
Wall Insulation 60

2.7. Ceiling Insulation
The following algorithms and assumptions are applicable to ceiling insulation installed in
commercial spaces which are more efficient than existing insulation or prevailing codes and
standards.
Ceiling insulation is rated by its R-value. An R-value indicates its resistance to heat flow (where
a higher the R-value indicates a greater insulating effectiveness). The R-value depends on the
type of insulation including its material, thickness, and density. When calculating the R-value of a
multilayered installation, add the R-values of the individual layers.
Table 2-32 and Table 2-33 summarizes the `typical' expected (per insulation ft2 square foot)
energy impacts for this measure. Table 2-33 is the average deemed energy savings for all of the
specific insulation upgrades cited in Table 2-35 and Table 2-36. Typical and deemed values are
based on the algorithms and stipulated values described below. The typical and deemed values
reported in this chapter are based on a weighted average across multiple building types. The
cooling savings assume either DX or Hydronic cooling (depending on what is considered `typical'
for that building type) while the heating component assumes DX air-cooled heat pumps.
Table 2-32 Typical Savings Estimates for Ceiling Insulation (Cooling Only)"
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Insulation ft2 Insulation ft2
Average Unit Energy Savings 0.003 kWh 0.0003 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings .002 W .0002 W
Expected Useful Life 25 Years 25 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $ 1.45 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $ 0.20
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
45 See spreadsheet"7-TypicalCalcs_Ceilinglnsul_v4.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy
savings and incremental costs for cooling savings. Note that the reported gas impacts assume that if savings are being claimed for
cooling only the facility is gas heated. If the facility is electrically heated then these gas impacts are not applicable and savings should
be based on the following table.
Ceiling Insulation 61

Table 2-33 Typical Savings Estimates for Ceiling Insulation (Cooling & Heating)46
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Insulation ft2 Insulation ft2
Average Unit Energy Savings 0.386 kWh 0.044 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.268 W 0.03 W
Expected Useful Life 25 Years 25 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $ 1.45 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $ 0.20
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
Table 2-34 shows the retrofit savings for cooling only and cooling & heating for retrofit averaging
only R11 to R38 and R11 to R49 together.
Table 2-34 Typical Savings Estimates for Ceiling Insulation Retrofit from R11 to R38IR4947
Cooling Only Cooling & Heating
Deemed Savings Unit Insulation ft2 Insulation ft2
Average Unit Energy Savings .004 kWh 0.591 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings .003 W .410 W
Expected Useful Life 25 Years 25 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $ 1.45 $ 1.45
Average Incremental Cost n/a n/a
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
2.7.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
Eligible roof/ceiling area is limited to buildings or potions of buildings with central mechanical air
conditioning or PTAC systems. Qualifying ceiling insulation can be rigid foam, fiberglass bat, or
blown-in fiberglass or cellulose a long as material is eligible, assuming it meets or exceeds the
required R-value. The insulation must upgrade from R11 or less to a minimum of R24 or from R19
or less to a minimum of R38.
2.7.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
Baseline equipment for this measure is determined by the nature of the project. There are two
possible scenarios: retrofit (early replacement) or new construction.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
46 See spreadsheet"7-Typical Cal cs_CeiIingInsul_v4.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy
savings and incremental costs for cooling and heating savings.
47 See spreadsheet"7-Typical Cal cs_CeiIingInsul_v4.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy
savings and incremental costs for cooling and heating savings.
Ceiling Insulation 62

If the project is retrofitting pre-existing insulation, then the baseline efficiency is defined by the
pre-existing insulation.
New Construction (New Construction, Replace on Burnout)
For New Construction, the baseline efficiency is defined as the minimum allowable R-value by
the prevailing building energy code or standard according to which the project was permitted.
Recently Idaho adopted IECC 2018 as the energy efficiency standard for new construction from
the previous standard ASHRAE 90.1-2019. Given the recent adoption the program expects to see
participants permitted to either of these standards so stipulated code values for both are provided.
2.7.3. Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
4kWh = OkWh.1 + 4kWhheat
OkWh000, = A * (CDD * 24)/(SEER * 3412) * (1/Rbase— 1/Rmeas)
OkWhheat = A * (HDD * 24)/(HSPF * 3412) * (1/Rbase— 1/Rmeas)
4kWpeak = OkWhcool / EFLHcool * CF
2.7.4. Definitions
A Area of the insulation that was installed in square feet
HDD Heating degree days, refer to Table 2-40 for typical heating degree days
for different buildings. When possible, actual base temperatures should
be used to calculate the HDD
CDD Cooling degree days refer to Table 2-40 for typical cooling degree days
for different buildings. When possible, actual base temperatures should
be used to calculate the CDD.
Rbase The R-value of the insulation and support structure before the additional
insulation is installed
Rmeas The total measure R-value of all insulation after the additional insulation
is installed
EFLH Annual equivalent full load cooling hours for the air conditioning unit.
Values for various building types are stipulated in Table 2-42. When
available, actual system hours of use should be used.
SEER Seasonal Energy efficiency ratio of the air conditioning unit. This is
defined as the ratio of the Annual cooling provided by the air conditioner
(in BTUs), to the total electrical input (in Watts). Note that the IEER is an
appropriate equivalent. If the SEER or IEER are unknown or unavailable
use the following formula to estimate from the EER:
Ceiling Insulation 63

SEER48 = .0507 * EER2 + .5773 * EER + .4919
HSPF Heating Season Performance Factor. This is identical to the SEER
(described above) as applied to Heat Pumps in heating mode. If only the
heat pump COP is available, then use the following:
HSPF = .5651 * COP2 + .464 * COP + .4873
CIF Peak coincidence factor. Represents the % of the connected load
reduction which occurs during Idaho Power's peak period.
AkWh/UnitRetrofit Typical measure savings on a per unit basis.
AkWhNew Const Savings reflecting the most efficient unit upgrading to the least
efficient qualifying unit representing a conservative savings
estimate for the measure.
2.7.5. Sources
ASHRAE, Standard 90.1-2019.
California DEER Prototypical Simulation models (modified), eQUEST-DEER 3-5.49
California DEER Effective Useful Life worksheets: EUL_Summary_10-1-08.xls50
IECC 2018
2.7.6. Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
Table 2-35 Deemed Energy Savings for Ceiling Insulation - Retrofit51
W/ft2 kWh/ft2
Insulation Cooling Cooling &
Values Cooling Heating &Heating Cooling Heating Heating
R-11 to R-24 0.002 0.297 0.299 0.003 0.427 0.430
R-11 to R-38 0.003 0.390 0.392 0.004 0.561 0.565
R-11 to R-49 0.003 0.425 0.428 0.004 0.612 0.616
R-19 to R-38 0.001 0.159 0.160 0.002 0.228 0.230
R-19 to R-49 0.001 0.194 0.196 0.002 0.280 0.282
Weighted: 0.002 0.266 0.268 0.003 0.383 0.386
48 Note that this formula is an approximation and should only be applied to EER values up to 15 EER.
49 Prototypical building energy simulations were used to generate Idaho specific Heating and Cooling Interactive Factors and
Coincidence factors for various building and heating fuel types.
50 After reviewing the sources feeding into the DEER value of 20 years it was found that the 20-year determination was based on a
DEER policy for maximum EUL.Since DEER sources supported a higher EUL the higher EUL is used here.
51 See spreadsheet`7-TypicalCalcs_Ceilinglnsul_v4.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the deemed unit energy
savings.
Ceiling Insulation 64

Table 2-36 Deemed Energy Savings for Ceiling Insulation — New Construction52
W/ft2 kWh/ft2
R-38 to R-49
Cooling .0002 0.0003
Heating 0.03 0.043
Cooling & Heating 0.030 0.044
Table 2-37 ASHRAE Baseline R—values for Nonresidential Buildings in Zone 5"
Zone 5 Nonresidential 2019
Opaque Element Insulation Min. R-Value
Insulation Entirely Above Deck R-30.0 c.i.
Metal Building R-19.0 + R-11 Ls or R-25+ R-8 Ls
Attic and Other R-49
Table 2-38 ASHRAE Baseline R—values for Nonresidential Buildings in Zone 654
Zone 6 Nonresidential 2019
Opaque Element Insulation Min. R-Value
Insulation Entirely Above Deck R-30.0 c.i.
Metal Building R-25+ R-11 Ls
Attic and Other R-49
Table 2-39 International Energy Conservation Code 2018 Chapter 455
Zone 5 Zone 6
Opaque Element Insulation Min. R-Value Insulation Min. R-Value
Insulation Entirely Above Deck R-30 ci R-30 ci
Metal Building R-19 + R-11 LS R-25 + R-11 LS
Attic and Other R-38 R-49
52 See spreadsheet"7-Typical Cal cs_CeiIingInsul_v4.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the deemed unit energy
savings.
53 Values stipulated from ASHRAE 90.1 2019 Table 5.5-5
54 Values stipulated from ASHRAE 90.1 2019 Table 5.5-6
ss Values stipulated from the International Energy Conservation Code 2018 Chapter 4 Table C402.1.4
Ceiling Insulation 65

Table 2-40 Base Heating and Cooling Degree Days by Building Type56
Zone 5 Zone 6
Building Type HDD CDD HDD CDD
Assembly 5,866 229 7,325 170
Education - Community College 5,866 187 7,325 134
Education - Primary School 5,866 187 7,325 134
Education - Secondary School 5,866 187 7,325 134
Education - University 5,866 187 7,325 134
Grocery 6,329 284 7,809 216
Health/Medical - Hospital 7,628 278 9,169 210
Health/Medical - Nursing Home 7,690 413 9,233 321
Lodging - Hotel 7,690 517 9,233 405
Lodging - Motel 7,690 286 9,233 216
Manufacturing - Light Industrial 5,700 159 7,140 124
Office- Large 6,430 253 7,912 189
Office-Small 5,759 159 7,206 124
Restaurant- Fast-Food 6,901 286 8,407 216
Restaurant-Sit-Down 6,901 286 8,407 216
Retail - 3-Story Large 6,329 284 7,809 216
Retail - Single-Story Large 6,329 284 7,809 216
Retail - Small 6,545 286 8,042 216
Storage-Conditioned 5,700 159 7,140 124
ss Values obtained from simulations of the DEER input models using eQuest to obtain typical baseline temperatures for each building.
TMY3 weather data was collected and averaged over the ASHRAE weather Zones 5 and 6 to create heating and cooling degree days
using the typical baseline temperatures.
Ceiling Insulation 66

Table 2-41 HVAC Coincidence Factors by Building Type
Building Type Coincidence Factor
Assembly 0.47
Education - Community College 0.54
Education - Primary School 0.10
Education -Secondary School 0.10
Education - University 0.53
Grocery 0.54
Health/Medical - Hospital 0.82
Health/Medical - Nursing Home 0.49
Lodging - Hotel 0.67
Lodging - Motel 0.63
Manufacturing - Light Industrial 0.46
Office- Large 0.58
Office-Small 0.51
Restaurant- Fast-Food 0.48
Restaurant-Sit-Down 0.46
Retail -3-Story Large 0.66
Retail - Single-Story Large 0.56
Retail - Small 0.49
Storage-Conditioned 0.41
Ceiling Insulation 67

Table 2-42 Stipulated Equivalent Full Load Hours (EFLH) by Building Type57
Zone 5 Zone 6 Weighted values
Building Type EFLH EFLH EFLH EFLH EFLH EFLH
Cooling Heating Cooling Heating Cooling Heating
Assembly 879 966 758 1059 855 985
Education - Primary School 203 299 173 408 197 321
Education - Secondary School 230 406 196 514 223 428
Education - Community College 556 326 530 456 551 352
Education - University 697 341 721 449 702 363
Grocery 564 1825 460 2011 544 1862
Health/Medical - Hospital 1616 612 1409 679 1575 625
Health/Medical - Nursing Home 1049 1399 884 1653 1016 1450
Lodging - Hotel 1121 621 1075 780 1112 653
Lodging - Motel 978 682 937 796 970 705
Manufacturing - Light Industrial 530 699 415 1088 507 777
Office- Large 746 204 680 221 733 207
Office-Small 607 256 567 360 599 277
Restaurant-Sit-Down 811 624 716 709 792 641
Restaurant- Fast-Food 850 722 734 796 827 737
Retail - 3-Story Large 765 770 644 998 741 816
Retail - Single-Story Large 724 855 576 998 694 884
Retail - Small 726 886 619 1138 705 936
Storage-Conditioned 335 688 242 989 316 748
57 Prototypical building energy simulations were used to generate Idaho specific heating and cooling equivalent full load hours for
various buildings.
Ceiling Insulation 68

2.8. Reflective Roof
This section covers installation of "cool roof' roofing materials in commercial buildings. Energy
and demand saving are realized through reductions in the building cooling loads. The approach
utilizes DOE-2.2 simulations on a series of commercial DEER prototypical building models.
Table 2-43 and Table 2-44 summarize the `typical' expected (per ft2) energy impacts for this
measure. Typical values are based on the algorithms and stipulated values described below.
Table 2-43 Summary Deemed Savings Estimates for Low-Slope Roof(2:12 or less) Reflective
Roof
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit ft2 ft2
Average Unit Energy Savings 0.116 kWh 0.116 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.095 W 0.095 W
Expected Useful Life58 15 Years 15 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost59 $ 7.84 n/a
Average Incremental CoSt60 n/a $0.05
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
Table 2-44 Summary Deemed Savings Estimates for Steep-Slope Roof(>2:12) Reflective Roof
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit ft2 ft2
Average Unit Energy Savings 0.021 kWh 0.021 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.017 W 0.017 W
Expected Useful Life58 15 Years 15 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost59 $7.90 n/a
Average Incremental CoSt60 n/a $0.11
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
2.8.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
Eligible equipment includes all reflective roofing materials when applied to the roof above a space
with central mechanical air conditioning or PTAC systems. The roof treatment must be Energy
Star rated or tested through a Cool Roof Rating Council (CRRC) accredited laboratory. For low-
slope (2:12 or less) roofs, the roof products must have a solar reflectivity of at least 0.70 and
58 From 2008 Database for Energy-Efficiency Resources (DEER), Version 2008.2.05, "Effective/Remaining Useful Life Values",
California Public Utilities Commission, December 16,2008
59 Labor costs from 2005 Database for Energy-Efficiency Resources (DEER), Version 2005.2.01, "Technology and Measure Cost
Data",California Public Utilities Commission,October 26,2005
So Material costs from common roof types found in EPA's Reducing Urban Heat Islands: Compendium of Strategies:
http://www.epa.gov/heatisld/resources/pdf/CoolRoofsCompendium.pdf
Reflective Roof 69

thermal emittance of 0.75. For steep slope (greater than 2:12) roofs, minimum solar reflectance
is 0.25. Note that facilities with pre-existing cool roofs are not eligible for this measure.
2.8.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
There are two possible project baseline scenarios — retrofit and new construction.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
The baseline equipment for retrofit projects is the pre-existing (non-cool roof) roofing material.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
The baseline for new construction projects is established by the constructions and materials
typically employed for similar new construction buildings and roof constructions. For the purposes
of calculating typical energy savings for this measure it is assumed that the baseline roofing
material has a reflectance of 0.15.61
2.8.3. Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
AkWh = AkWh/Unit * A
AkW = AkW/Unit* A
2.8.4. Definitions
AkWh Expected energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
AkW Expected demand reduction between baseline and installed equipment.
AkWh/Unit Per unit energy savings as stipulated in Table 2-45 and Table 2-46 according to
building type and climate zone.
AkW/Unit Per unit demand reduction as stipulated in Table 2-45 and Table 2-46 according
to building type and climate zone.
A Area of cool roofing material installed [ft2]
2.8.5. Sources
■ ASHRAE, Standard 90.1-2019.
61 Value derived using common roof types performance specifications found in the EPA publication Reducing Urban Heat Islands:
Compendium of Strategies:http://www.epa.gov/heatisld/resources/pdf/CoolRoofsCompendium.pdf
Reflective Roof 70

■ California DEER Prototypical Simulation models, eQUEST-DEER 3-5.62
■ ASHRAE. 2006. Weather data for building design standards. ANSI/ASHRAE Standard
169-2006.
■ 2004-2005 Database for Energy Efficiency Resources (DEER) Update Study. December
2005
■ 2008 Database for Energy-Efficiency Resources (DEER), Version 2008.2.05,
"Effective/Remaining Useful Life Values", California Public Utilities Commission,
December 16, 2008
■ 2005 Database for Energy-Efficiency Resources (DEER), Version 2005.2.01, "Technology
and Measure Cost Data", California Public Utilities Commission, October 26, 2005
2.8.6. Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
Table 2-45 Unit Energy Savings for Low-Slope (<= 2:12) Reflective Roofi 3
Building Type Weather Zone 5 Weather Zone 6
kWh W kWh W
Primary School 0.082 0.076 0.062 0.059
Secondary School 0.088 0.060 0.052 0.046
Community College 0.392 0.075 0.449 0.068
University 0.148 0.092 0.141 0.083
Hospital 0.086 0.050 0.076 0.052
Nursing Home 0.120 0.096 0.101 0.087
Hotel 0.137 0.054 0.124 0.049
Motel 0.099 0.152 -0.014 0.135
Light Manufacturing 0.078 0.069 0.062 0.062
Small Office 0.102 0.089 0.089 0.083
Large Office 0.202 0.227 0.167 0.183
Full Service Restaurant(Sit-Down) 0.119 0.098 0.092 0.084
Fast Food 0.072 0.046 0.053 0.041
Small Retail 0.117 0.099 0.095 0.084
Large 1-story Retail 0.140 0.112 0.112 0.095
3-story Retail 0.087 0.057 0.098 0.049
Conditioned Storage 0.049 0.051 0.018 0.014
62 Prototypical building energy simulation models were used to obtain U-Factor and SHGC values for each building type.
"See spreadsheet"8-TypicaICalcs_CooI Roof.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy savings.
Reflective Roof 71

Table 2-46 Unit Energy Savings for Steep-Slope (> 2:12) Reflective Root64
Weather Zone 5 Weather Zone 6
Building Type
kWh W kWh W
Primary School 0.015 0.014 0.012 0.011
Secondary School 0.015 0.012 0.009 0.009
Community College 0.076 0.013 0.071 0.011
University 0.027 0.016 0.021 0.014
Hospital 0.014 0.008 0.013 0.008
Nursing Home 0.022 0.017 0.019 0.016
Hotel 0.026 0.009 0.028 0.008
Motel 0.017 0.026 -0.002 0.024
Light Manufacturing 0.014 0.012 0.011 0.011
Small Office 0.018 0.016 0.016 0.015
Large Office 0.037 0.038 0.032 0.030
Full Service Restaurant(Sit-Down) 0.021 0.017 0.017 0.015
Fast Food 0.013 0.008 0.010 0.007
Small Retail 0.021 0.018 0.017 0.015
Large 1-story Retail 0.025 0.020 0.020 0.017
3-story Retail 0.013 0.011 0.018 0.009
Conditioned Storage 0.010 0.012 0.006 0.005
sa See spreadsheet"8-TypicalCalcs_CoolRoof.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy savings.
Reflective Roof 72

2.9. Efficient Windows
The following algorithm and assumptions are applicable to efficient windows in commercial
spaces which provide a lower U-value than existing windows or prevailing codes and standards.
Savings will be realized through reductions in the buildings cooling and heating loads. Note that
window films and windows with too low an SHGC value can for many buildings increase the
heating loads (unless the building has a significant internal load as is the case for example in
hospitals and/or data centers). In a heating dominated climate such as Idaho the increase in
heating loads can negate any reduction in the cooling loads. Energy impacts for this measure are
largely due to the improved U-Value and care should be taken when selecting windows to ensure
that the SHGC values are appropriate for the building and climate.
Table 2-47 and Table 2-50 summarize the `typical' expected (per window ft2) energy impacts for
this measure. Typical values are based on the algorithms and stipulated values described below.
65
Table 2-47 Typical Savings Estimates for Efficient Windows (Cooling Only)
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit ft2 Window Glass ft2 Window Glass
Average Unit Energy Savings 1.50 kWh n/a
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.62 W n/a
Average Gas Impacts66 0.53 Therms n/a
Expected Useful Life 25 Years n/a
Average Material & Labor Cost $20.66 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a n/a
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
Table 2-48 Typical Savings Estimates for Efficient Windows (Heating and Cooling)
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit ft2 Window Glass ft2 Window Glass
Average Unit Energy Savings 9.13 kWh n/a
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.44 W n/a
Expected Useful Life 25 Years n/a
Average Material & Labor Cost $20.66 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a n/a
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
65 Average unit energy and peak demand cooling savings are based on a weighted average of electric resistance and heat pump
savings only.Average unit energy and peak demand cooling savings are based on a weighted average of chiller and dx cooling only.
See spreadsheet"9-Typical Cal cs_Windows_v6.xlsx"for additional assumptions and calculations, EUL,and incremental cost.
s6 Note that the reported gas impacts assume that if savings are being claimed for cooling only the facility is gas heated. If the facility
is electrically heated then these gas impacts are not applicable and savings should be based on the following table.
Efficient Windows 73

Table 2-49 Typical Savings Estimates for Premium Windows (Cooling Only)
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit ft2 Window Glass ft2 Window Glass
Average Unit Energy Savings 2.22 kWh 0.07 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.62 W 0.10 W
Average Gas Impacts67 0.63 Therms 0.48 Therms
Expected Useful Life 25 Years 25 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $22.08 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $5.92
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
Table 2-50 Typical Savings Estimates for Premium Windows (Cooling and Heating)
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit ft2 Window Glass ft2 Window Glass
Average Unit Energy Savings 11.23 kWh 6.93 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.62 W 0.10 W
Expected Useful Life 25 Years 25 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $22.08 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $5.92
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
2.9.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
To be considered eligible equipment windows must be independently tested and certified
according to the standards established by the National Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC).
While the NFRC does provide such testing and certification - any NFRC-licensed independent
certification and inspection agency can provide certification. One example of such a body is the
American Architectural Manufacturers Association (AAMA). In addition, eligible windows must
meet or exceed the following performance ratings:
Efficient Windows: SHGC = any and U-factor<= 0.42
Premium Windows: SHGC = any and U-factor <= 0.3
Window films and shades are not eligible under this measure as they reduce the SHGC without
providing an appreciable improvement in the U-Value and in many circumstances their addition
would result in an increased heating load which negates or exceeds the reduction in cooling loads.
67 Note that the reported gas impacts assume that if savings are being claimed for cooling only the facility is gas heated. If the facility
is electrically heated then these gas impacts are not applicable and savings should be based on the following table.
Efficient Windows 74

Retrofit equipment replacement must include replacing the glass and window frame together.
2.9.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
Baseline equipment for this measure is determined by the nature of the project. There are two
possible scenarios: retrofit (early replacement) or new construction.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
If the project is retrofitting pre-existing equipment than the baseline efficiency is defined by the
pre-existing windows.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
For new construction, the baseline efficiency is defined as the minimum allowable window
performance in the prevailing building energy code or standard to which the project was permitted.
Recently Idaho adopted IECC 2018 and ASHRAE 90.1 2019 as the energy efficiency standard
for new construction from the previous standards of IECC 2015 and ASHRAE 90.1 2007.
2.9.3. Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
OkWh = OkWhHeating+AkWhCooling
OkWhHeating =A* ( ( Ubase— Umeas ) * ( HDD x 24 )—
( SHGCbase— SHGCmeas ) * Et,Heating )/ HSPF / 1000
OkWhCooling = A* ( ( Ubase— Umeas ) * ( CDD x 24 ) +
( SHGCbase— SHGCmeas ) * Et,cooling ) / SEER/ 1000
OkWpeak = A* ( ( Ubase — Umeas ) * OTpeak + ( SHGCbase — SHGCmeas ) * Et,cooling peak
)/ EER/ 1000 * CF
2.9.4. Definitions
OkWh Expected energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
OkWhHeating1Coo1ing Non-coincident energy reduction for the Heating and Cooling end-uses.
A Total area of the windows being installed in the same orientation.
Ubase Coefficient of heat transfer (U-Factor) of the window being replaced.
Umeas Coefficient of heat transfer (U-Factor) of the replacement window installed.
HDD Heating degree days, refer to Table 2-29 for typical heating degree days for
different buildings. When possible, actual base temperatures should be
used to calculate the HDD
CDD Cooling degree days refer to Table 2-29 for typical cooling degree days for
different buildings. When possible, actual base temperatures should be
used to calculate the CDD.
SHGCbase Solar heat gain coefficient of the window being replaced.
SHGCmeas Solar heat gain coefficient of the replacement window installed.
Efficient Windows 75

Et heating Total irradiance for heating found in Table 2-53 and Table 2-54.
Et cooling Total irradiance for cooling found in Table 2-53 and Table 2-54.
SEER Seasonal Energy efficiency ratio of the air conditioning unit. This is defined
as the ratio of the Annual cooling provided by the air conditioner(in BTUs),
to the total electrical input (in Watts). Note that the IEER is an appropriate
equivalent. If the SEER or IEER are unknown or unavailable use the
following formula to estimate from the EER:68
SEER = .0507 * EER2 + .5773 * EER + .4919
EER Energy efficiency ratio of the air conditioning unit. This is defined as the
ratio of the cooling capacity of the air conditioner in British Thermal Units
per hour, to the total electrical input in watts. Since ASHRAE does not
provide EER requirements for air-cooled air conditioners < 65,000 Btu/h,
assume the following conversion:
EER =-0.02 *SEER + 1.12 *SEER
HSPF Heating Season Performance Factor. This is identical to the SEER
(described above) as applied to Heat Pumps in heating mode. If only the
heat pump COP is available, then use the following:
HSPF = .5651 * COP2 + .464 * COP + .4873
OkWpeak Expected demand reduction between baseline and installed equipment.
OTpeak Difference between indoor and outdoor air temperature during peak
periods.
CF Peak coincidence factor. Represents the % of the connected load reduction
which occurs during Idaho Power's peak period which can be found in Table
2-58
2.9.5. Sources
■ I ECC 2019
■ ASHRAE Fundamentals 2007
■ ASHRAE 90.1 2007
■ ASHRAE 90.1 2019
2.9.6. Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
68 Note that this formula is an approximation and should only be applied to EER values up to 15 EER.
Efficient Windows 76

Table 2-51 Retrofit Deemed Savings per Sq. Ft.
Premium Windows Efficient Windows
Orientation Savings Type
kWh/sq. ft. W/sq. ft. kWh/sq. ft. W/sq. ft.
Heating 15.87 n/a 12.21 n/a
North Cooling 0.16 0.000 0.12 0.000
Heating and Cooling 16.02 0.000 12.33 0.000
Heating 1.99 n/a 2.95 n/a
South Cooling 3.48 0.001 2.34 0.001
Heating and Cooling 5.47 0.001 5.29 0.001
Heating 10.15 n/a 8.39 n/a
West Cooling 3.21 0.001 2.16 0.001
Heating and Cooling 13.36 0.001 10.55 0.001
Heating 8.01 n/a 6.97 n/a
East Cooling 2.05 0.000 1.38 0.000
Heating and Cooling 10.06 0.000 8.35 0.000
Heating 9.00 n/a 7.63 n/a
Average Cooling 2.22 0.62 1.50 0.44
Heating and Cooling 11.23 0.62 9.13 0.44
Table 2-52 New Construction Deemed Savings per Sq. Ft.
Premium Windows
Orientation Savings Type
kWh/sq, ft. kW/sq. ft.
Heating 6.87 n/a
North Cooling 0.07 0.000
Heating and Cooling 6.93 0.000
Heating 6.87 n/a
South Cooling 0.07 0.000
Heating and Cooling 6.93 0.000
Heating 6.87 n/a
West Cooling 0.07 0.000
Heating and Cooling 6.93 0.000
Heating 6.87 n/a
East Cooling 0.07 0.000
Heating and Cooling 6.93 0.000
Heating 6.87 n/a
Average Cooling 0.07 0.10
Heating and Cooling 6.93 0.10
Efficient Windows 77

Table 2-53 Calculated Heating/Cooling Es for Zone 5 each Building Type69
South North East West
Building Type Heating Cooling Heating Cooling Heating Cooling Heating Cooling
Assembly 260,105 177,133 0 0 142,974 99,777 116,398 169,977
Community College 200,825 194,884 0 0 108,124 111,238 75,997 183,584
Conditioned Storage 260,105 149,214 0 0 142,974 73,103 116,398 152,829
Fast Food Restaurant 262,047 177,133 0 0 144,369 99,777 118,314 169,977
Full Service Restaurant 274,518 162,841 0 0 154,606 87,595 125,788 160,668
High School 254,575 188,124 0 0 139,313 107,248 112,118 178,031
Hospital 40,575 402,123 0 0 21,586 224,975 7,842 282,306
Hotel 191,629 251,070 0 0 101,745 144,817 70,866 219,282
Large Retail 1 Story 233,102 205,178 0 0 127,168 117,394 96,662 191,023
Large Retail 3 Story 235,662 177,133 0 0 128,424 99,777 97,898 169,977
Large Office 200,825 226,315 0 0 108,124 128,810 75,997 204,378
Light Manufacturing 233,102 200,609 0 0 127,168 113,761 96,662 187,701
Medical Clinic 282,540 160,159 0 0 161,835 84,727 131,473 158,675
Motel 167,419 275,280 0 0 86,070 160,491 57,636 232,512
Multi Family 183,563 200,609 0 0 96,926 113,761 66,061 187,701
Nursing Home 305,929 136,769 0 0 184,449 62,113 145,638 144,510
Primary School 251,624 191,075 0 0 137,733 108,829 109,974 180,174
Small Office 192,687 227,580 0 0 102,380 129,336 71,411 206,160
69 See spreadsheet "9-Typical Cal cs_Windows_v6.xlsx" for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy
savings and incremental costs.
Efficient Windows 78

Table 2-54 Calculated Heating/Cooling Es for Zone 6 each Building Type70
South North East West
Building Type Heating Cooling Heating Cooling Heating Cooling Heating Cooling
Assembly 262,986 173,414 0 0 167,824 105,991 107,377 148,196
Community College 193,984 186,789 0 0 107,504 116,779 68,321 156,324
Conditioned Storage 289,002 140,600 0 0 192,527 74,804 122,625 127,893
Fast Food Restaurant 274,343 162,057 0 0 180,165 93,650 114,209 141,364
Full Service Restaurant 289,002 147,398 0 0 192,527 81,289 122,625 132,949
High School 289,002 147,398 0 0 192,527 81,289 122,625 132,949
Hospital 294,217 173,881 0 0 197,428 106,399 126,416 148,883
Hotel 252,573 183,827 0 0 159,558 114,258 100,494 155,080
Large Retail 1 Story 248,700 187,700 0 0 155,902 117,914 98,689 156,885
Large Retail 3 Story 262,986 171,120 0 0 167,824 103,629 107,377 147,068
Large Office 225,978 213,687 0 0 133,520 143,492 85,976 171,490
Light Manufacturing 261,774 174,626 0 0 166,188 107,628 106,217 149,357
Medical Clinic 294,217 142,183 0 0 197,428 76,388 126,416 129,158
Motel 277,829 158,571 0 0 183,925 89,890 115,674 139,900
Multi Family 228,602 142,183 0 0 136,561 76,388 87,526 129,158
Nursing Home 302,373 134,027 0 0 202,521 71,295 132,991 122,582
Primary School 280,394 156,006 0 0 187,079 86,737 117,379 138,195
Small Office 240,556 193,253 0 0 147,531 124,286 94,487 159,873
70 See spreadsheet "9-Typical Cal cs_Windows_v6.xlsx" for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy
savings and incremental costs.
Efficient Windows 79

Table 2-55 Baseline U-Factor and SHGC for Each Building"
Building U-Factor North Facing Non-North Facing
SHGC SHGC
Assembly 0.81 0.70 0.65
Education - Primary School 0.81 0.70 0.65
Education - Secondary School 0.81 0.70 0.65
Education - Community College 0.81 0.70 0.64
Education - University 1.04 0.83 0.84
Grocery 0.81 0.71 0.70
Health/Medical - Hospital 0.81 0.70 0.65
Health/Medical - Nursing Home 0.81 0.70 0.64
Lodging - Hotel 0.81 0.70 0.64
Lodging - Motel 0.81 0.70 0.64
Manufacturing - Bio/Tech 0.81 0.71 0.70
Manufacturing - Light Industrial 0.81 0.71 0.70
Office- Large 0.81 0.71 0.70
Office-Small 0.81 0.71 0.70
Restaurant-Sit-Down 0.81 0.71 0.70
Restaurant- Fast-Food 0.81 0.71 0.70
Retail - 3-Story Large 0.81 0.71 0.70
Retail - Single-Story Large 0.81 0.71 0.70
Retail - Small 0.81 0.71 0.70
Storage-Conditioned 0.81 0.71 0.70
Storage- Unconditioned 0.81 0.71 0.70
Warehouse- Refrigerated 0.81 0.71 0.70
Table 2-56 Average Heating/Cooling COP72
Heating I Cooling
Electric Resistance Heat Pump Chiller DX
2.6 3.6 5.1 2.9
" See spreadsheet "9-Typical Cal cs_Windows_v6.xlsx" for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy
savings and incremental costs.
'Z Average COP by heating/cooling type stipulated in ASHRAE 90.1 2019 code baseline efficiencies.
Efficient Windows 80

Table 2-57 Stipulated Equivalent Full Load Hours (EFLH) by Building Type73
Zone 5 Zone 6 Weighted values
Building Type EFLH EFLH EFLH EFLH EFLH EFLH
Cooling Heating Cooling Heating Cooling Heating
Assembly 879 966 758 1059 855 985
Education - Primary School 203 299 173 408 197 321
Education - Secondary School 230 406 196 514 223 428
Education - Community College 556 326 530 456 551 352
Education - University 697 341 721 449 702 363
Grocery 564 1825 460 2011 544 1862
Health/Medical - Hospital 1616 612 1409 679 1575 625
Health/Medical - Nursing Home 1049 1399 884 1653 1016 1450
Lodging - Hotel 1121 621 1075 780 1112 653
Lodging - Motel 978 682 937 796 970 705
Manufacturing - Light Industrial 530 699 415 1088 507 777
Office- Large 746 204 680 221 733 207
Office-Small 607 256 567 360 599 277
Restaurant-Sit-Down 811 624 716 709 792 641
Restaurant- Fast-Food 850 722 734 796 827 737
Retail - 3-Story Large 765 770 644 998 741 816
Retail - Single-Story Large 724 855 576 998 694 884
Retail - Small 726 886 619 1138 705 936
Storage-Conditioned 335 688 242 989 316 748
73 Prototypical building energy simulations were used to generate Idaho specific heating and cooling equivalent full load hours for
various buildings.
Efficient Windows 81

Table 2-58 HVAC Coincidence Factors by Building Type
Building Type CIF
Assembly 0.47
Education - Community College 0.54
Education - Primary School 0.1
Education -Secondary School 0.1
Education - University 0.53
Grocery 0.54
Health/Medical - Hospital 0.82
Health/Medical - Nursing Home 0.49
Lodging - Hotel 0.67
Lodging - Motel 0.63
Manufacturing - Light Industrial 0.46
Office- Large 0.58
Office-Small 0.51
Restaurant- Fast-Food 0.48
Restaurant-Sit-Down 0.46
Retail -3-Story Large 0.66
Retail - Single-Story Large 0.56
Retail - Small 0.49
Storage-Conditioned 0.41
Efficient Windows 82

2.10. HVAC Controls
This section covers the implementation of HVAC controls in commercial buildings. HVAC controls
include economizers, demand controlled ventilation (DCV), and EMS controls. The discussion of
eligible equipment provides more detail regarding the individual measures. HVAC controls garner
energy savings by optimizing the algorithms by which HVAC equipment are operated. The
approach used in this TRM to estimate energy impacts from such measures is based on DOE-
2.2 simulations of prototypical commercial building models.74
The controls measures included in this chapter do not encompass equipment optimization, retro-
commissioning, or commissioning. Such projects are demonstrated to have significant variance
in energy impacts and short measure lives (lack of persistence). They are more suitable for a
custom approach and are not included in the TRM. Measures of this nature include: temperature
set-point and equipment staging optimization, thermostat set-back overrides, and behavioral or
maintenance oriented measures.
Table 2-59 though Table 2-65 summarize `typical' expected (per ton of cooling) energy impacts
for this measure. Typical values are based on the algorithms and stipulated values described
below.75
Table 2-59 Typical Savings Estimates for Air-Side Economizer Only(New and Retrofit76)
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Ton of cooling Ton of cooling
Average Unit Energy Savings 279 kWh 197 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings .0130 kW .0059 kW
Average Unit Gas Savings 0 Therms 0 Therms
Expected Useful Life 15 Years 15 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $ 155.01 (New) n/a
$ 73.65 (Repair)
Average Incremental Cost n/a $81.36
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
74 The prototypical building models are sourced from the DEER 2008.
75 See spreadsheet"10-TypicalCalcs_HVACcntrls_v6.xlsx"to read six HVAC EMS measures for assumptions and calculations used
to estimate the typical unit energy savings and incremental costs.Also note that the savings figures represented in these tables give
equal weight to the eleven HVAC system types discussed later in this chapter
76 Retrofit can be repairing an existing economizer or replacing a new one.
Building Energy Management Controls 83

Table 2-60 Typical Deemed Savings Estimates for EMS Controls w/1 Strategy Implemented77
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Ton of cooling Ton of cooling
Average Unit Energy Savings 372 kWh 227 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings .10 kW .06 kW
Average Unit Gas Savings 8 Therms 6 Therms
Expected Useful Life 15 Years 15 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $198 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $162
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
Table 2-61 Typical Deemed Savings Estimates for EMS Controls w/2 Strategies Implemented78
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Ton of cooling Ton of cooling
Average Unit Energy Savings 622 kWh 409 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings .10 kW .07 kW
Average Unit Gas Savings 6 Therms 6 Therms
Expected Useful Life 15 Years 15 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $233 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $198
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
"Assumes that one(1)control measure is implemented on average.
78 Assumes that two(2)control measures are implemented on average.
Building Energy Management Controls 84

Table 2-62 Typical Deemed Savings Estimates for EMS Controls w/3 Strategies Implemented79
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Ton of cooling Ton of cooling
Average Unit Energy Savings 811 kWh 473 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings .13 kW .07 kW
Average Unit Gas Savings 18 Therms 10 Therms
Expected Useful Life 15 Years 15 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $269 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $233
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
Table 2-63 Typical Deemed Savings Estimates for EMS Controls w/4 Strategies Implemented80
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Ton of cooling Ton of cooling
Average Unit Energy Savings 1,728 kWh 567 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings .26 kW .03 kW
Average Unit Gas Savings 96 Therms 21 Therms
Expected Useful Life 15 Years 15 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $304 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $269
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
Table 2-64 Typical Deemed Savings Estimates for EMS Controls w/5 Strategies Implemented81
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Ton of cooling Ton of cooling
Average Unit Energy Savings 1,796 kWh 617 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings .31 kW .06 kW
Average Unit Gas Savings 97 Therms 21 Therms
Expected Useful Life 15 Years 15 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $340 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $304
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
73 Assumes that three(3)control measures are implemented on average.
80 Assumes that four(4)control measures are implemented on average.
81 Assumes that five(5)control measures are implemented on average.
Building Energy Management Controls 85

Table 2-65 Typical Deemed Savings Estimates for EMS Controls w/6 Strategies Implemented
82
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Ton of cooling Ton of cooling
Average Unit Energy Savings 1,816 kWh 643 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings .32 kW .08 kW
Average Unit Gas Savings 97 Therms 21 Therms
Expected Useful Life 15 Years 15 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $375 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $340
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
2.10.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
Eligible equipment is based on applicable HVAC system type (note that any building with a system
type that isn't included in Table 2-66 should follow a custom path) and appropriately implementing
the controls measures listed in Table 2-67. Note that evaporative cooling equipment is not eligible
for this measure.
Table 2-66 HVAC System Types
Item System Type
1 VAV with chilled water coils
2 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS)
3 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Gas Heat
4 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Electric Reheat
5 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT)
6 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) Heat Pump
7 Water Source Heat Pump (WSHP)83
8 Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP)84
9 Packaged Rooftop Unit/Split System
10 Packaged Rooftop Heat Pump Unit
11 Chilled water coils without VAV units
Note that detailed descriptions for each of the above system types can be found in ASHRAE
Handbook— Systems. A summary of the system types, their typical configurations, and how
82 Assumes the six(6)control measures are implemented on average.
83 Water source heat pumps rely on water as the heat source and sink.
ea Ground source heat pumps transfer heat to or from the ground.They use the earth as the heat source and sink.
Building Energy Management Controls 86

they are modeled in eQuest85 can be found in Building Energy Use and Cost Analysis Program
Volume 3: Topics.86
Table 2-67 EMS Measures
Item Measure
1 . Optimum Start/Stop
2 Economizer Controls
3 Demand Controlled Ventilation (DCV)
4 Supply Air Reset
5 Chilled Water Reset
6 Condenser Water Reset
Eligibility requirements for each of the control strategies listed above are as follows:
Optimum Start/Stop The optimum start strategy with restrict unit heating and cooling start
times to startup as late as possible to still reach the desired
temperature at the specified timeframe. The optimum stop strategy
with shut off mechanical heating and cooling before the scheduled
unoccupied periods based on internal thermal loads and outside air
temperatures. Optimum stop strategy will allow the fan and outdoor
air damper to remain open for building ventilation.
Economizer Controls The economizer is enabled to modulate the outside air intake
ventilation based on the outside air enthalpy, dry-bulb temperature
or combination of the two to allow for free-cooling when applicable.
Demand Controlled The minimum outside air fraction is varied based on a DCV sensor.
Ventilation (DCV)
Supply Air Reset The air temperature leaving the system cooling coil is adjusted
based on outdoor or zone return air temperature.
Chilled Water Reset The supply chilled water temperature can rise during low loads.
Condenser Water Reset The cooling tower temperature floats with the load and wet-bulb
temperature
2.10.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
Baseline equipment for this measure is determined by the nature of the project. There are two
possible scenarios: retrofit (early replacement) or new construction.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
The baseline equipment for retrofit projects is an existing mechanical HVAC system (see list in
Table 2-66 for eligible systems) that has not implemented the control strategy (or strategies)
85 The software package used to simulate energy impacts for this measure.
es http://doe2.com/download/DOE-22/DOE22Vol3-Topics.pdf
Building Energy Management Controls 87

claimed in the project. See Table 2-67 for a list of eligible control strategies. Note that evaporative
cooling equipment is not eligible for this measure.
New Construction (Includes Major Renovations)
The baseline equipment for new construction projects is an HVAC system (see list in Table 2-66
for eligible systems) that meets the local building energy codes and standards. Many of the
measures listed in Table 2-67 are required by IECC 2018 except for certain exceptions. These
exceptions are reproduced in Appendix B and represent the only cases in which the measures
are eligible. Savings for all strategies and building types are calculated assuming the measure
qualifies for the exceptions stated in appendix B and are therefore not required by building code.
2.10.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
AkWh = AkWh/ton * Cap
AkW = AkW/ton * Cap
2.10.4. Definitions
AkWh Expected energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
AkW Expected demand reduction between baseline and installed equipment.
4kWh/ton Energy savings on a per unit basis as stipulated in Table 2-68 though
Table 2-77.
AkW/ton Demand reduction on a per unit basis as stipulated in Table 2-68 though
Table 2-77.
Cap Capacity (in Tons) of the HVAC system on which the HVAC control(s) are
installed.
2.10.5. Sources
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics: http://www.bls.gov/data/inflation_calculator.htm
Database for Energy Efficiency Resources (DEER) 2008.
Building Energy Management Controls 88

2.10.6. Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
Table 2-68 Energy Savings for Retrofit EMS Controls Climate Zone 5
#of Measures HVAC System Type kWh/Ton kW/Ton
Implemented
1 VAV with chilled water coils 501 0.077
2 VAV with chilled water coils 1,160 0.079
3 VAV with chilled water coils 1,715 0.249
4 VAV with chilled water coils 1,739 0.266
5 VAV with chilled water coils 1,805 0.309
6 VAV with chilled water coils 1,825 0.319
1 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) 353 0.151
2 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) 750 0.153
3 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) 790 0.168
4 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) n/a n/a
5 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) n/a n/a
6 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) n/a n/a
1 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Gas Heat 221 0.100
2 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Gas Heat 341 0.100
3 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Gas Heat 329 0.108
4 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Gas Heat n/a n/a
5 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Gas Heat n/a n/a
6 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Gas Heat n/a n/a
1 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Electric Reheat 942 0.098
2 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Electric Reheat 1,050 0.100
3 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Electric Reheat 1,601 0.106
4 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Electric Reheat n/a n/a
5 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Electric Reheat n/a n/a
6 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Electric Reheat n/a n/a
1 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature(PVVT) 219 0.102
2 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature(PVVT) 407 0.104
3 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature(PVVT) 411 0.114
4 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) n/a n/a
5 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature(PVVT) n/a n/a
6 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature(PVVT) n/a n/a
1 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature(PVVT) Heat Pump 372 0.103
Building Energy Management Controls 89

#of Measures HVAC System Type kWh/Ton kW/Ton
Implemented
2 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature(PVVT) Heat Pump 560 0.105
3 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) Heat Pump 677 0.114
4 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature(PVVT) Heat Pump n/a n/a
5 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature(PVVT) Heat Pump n/a n/a
6 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature(PVVT) Heat Pump n/a n/a
1 Water Source Heat Pump (WSHP) 251 0.101
2 Water Source Heat Pump (WSHP) 494 0.103
3 Water Source Heat Pump (WSHP) 552 0.113
4 Water Source Heat Pump (WSHP) n/a n/a
5 Water Source Heat Pump (WSHP) n/a n/a
6 Water Source Heat Pump (WSHP) n/a n/a
1 Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) 247 0.079
2 Ground Source Heat Pump(GSHP) 422 0.083
3 Ground Source Heat Pump(GSHP) 483 0.088
4 Ground Source Heat Pump(GSHP) n/a n/a
5 Ground Source Heat Pump(GSHP) n/a n/a
6 Ground Source Heat Pump(GSHP) n/a n/a
1 Packaged Rooftop Unit/Split System 227 0.114
2 Packaged Rooftop Unit/Split System 464 0.116
3 Packaged Rooftop Unit/Split System n/a n/a
4 Packaged Rooftop Unit/Split System n/a n/a
5 Packaged Rooftop Unit/Split System n/a n/a
6 Packaged Rooftop Unit/Split System n/a n/a
1 Packaged Rooftop Heat Pump Unit 391 0.114
2 Packaged Rooftop Heat Pump Unit 610 0.116
3 Packaged Rooftop Heat Pump Unit 739 0.122
4 Packaged Rooftop Heat Pump Unit n/a n/a
5 Packaged Rooftop Heat Pump Unit n/a n/a
6 Packaged Rooftop Heat Pump Unit n/a n/a
Building Energy Management Controls 90

Table 2-69 Energy Savings for New Construction EMS Controls Climate Zone 5
#of Measures HVAC System Type kWh/Ton kW/Ton
Implemented _
1 VAV with chilled water coils 163 0.011
2 VAV with chilled water coils 536 0.013
3 VAV with chilled water coils 565 0.026
4 VAV with chilled water coils 568 0.026
5 VAV with chilled water coils 618 0.063
6 VAV with chilled water coils 644 0.075
1 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) 225 0.096
2 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) 530 0.098
3 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) 578 0.113
4 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) n/a n/a
5 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) n/a n/a
6 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) n/a n/a
1 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Gas Heat 174 0.066
2 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Gas Heat 276 0.067
3 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Gas Heat 169 0.077
4 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Gas Heat n/a n/a
5 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Gas Heat n/a n/a
6 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Gas Heat n/a n/a
1 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Electric Reheat 457 0.066
2 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Electric Reheat 556 0.067
3 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Electric Reheat 757 0.066
4 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Electric Reheat n/a n/a
5 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Electric Reheat n/a n/a
6 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Electric Reheat n/a n/a
1 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) 134 0.070
2 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) 299 0.072
3 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) 303 0.083
4 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) n/a n/a
5 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) n/a n/a
6 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) n/a n/a
1 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) Heat Pump 265 0.071
2 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) Heat Pump 430 0.072
3 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) Heat Pump 545 0.084
4 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) Heat Pump n/a n/a
5 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) Heat Pump n/a n/a
6 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) Heat Pump n/a n/a
1 Water Source Heat Pump (WSHP) 151 0.011
Building Energy Management Controls 91

#of Measures HVAC System Type kWh/Ton kW/Ton
implemented
2 Water Source Heat Pump (WSHP) 312 0.012
3 Water Source Heat Pump (WSHP) 371 0.023
4 Water Source Heat Pump (WSHP) n/a n/a
5 Water Source Heat Pump (WSHP) n/a n/a
6 Water Source Heat Pump (WSHP) n/a n/a
1 Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) 164 0.055
2 Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) 283 0.055
3 Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) 340 0.061
4 Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) n/a n/a
5 Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) n/a n/a
6 Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) n/a n/a
1 Packaged Rooftop Unit/Split System 186 0.096
2 Packaged Rooftop Unit/Split System 371 0.097
3 Packaged Rooftop Unit/Split System n/a n/a
4 Packaged Rooftop Unit/Split System n/a n/a
5 Packaged Rooftop Unit/Split System n/a n/a
6 Packaged Rooftop Unit/Split System n/a n/a
1 Packaged Rooftop Heat Pump Unit 349 0.096
2 Packaged Rooftop Heat Pump Unit 535 0.098
3 Packaged Rooftop Heat Pump Unit 638 0.103
4 Packaged Rooftop Heat Pump Unit n/a n/a
5 Packaged Rooftop Heat Pump Unit n/a n/a
6 Packaged Rooftop Heat Pump Unit n/a n/a
Building Energy Management Controls 92

Table 2-70 Energy Savings for Retrofit EMS Controls Climate Zone 6
#of Measures HVAC System Type kWh/Ton kW/Ton
Implemented
1 VAV with chilled water coils 490 0.074
2 VAV with chilled water coils 1,182 0.083
3 VAV with chilled water coils 1,765 0.263
4 VAV with chilled water coils 1,685 0.253
5 VAV with chilled water coils 1,761 0.295
6 VAV with chilled water coils 1,781 0.305
1 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) 307 0.127
2 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) 660 0.134
3 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) 730 0.147
4 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) n/a n/a
5 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) n/a n/a
6 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) n/a n/a
1 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Gas Heat 204 0.076
2 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Gas Heat 301 0.081
3 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Gas Heat 264 0.087
4 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Gas Heat n/a n/a
5 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Gas Heat n/a n/a
6 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Gas Heat n/a n/a
1 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Electric Reheat 1,025 0.083
2 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Electric Reheat 1,114 0.088
3 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Electric Reheat 1,622 0.090
4 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Electric Reheat n/a n/a
5 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Electric Reheat n/a n/a
6 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Electric Reheat n/a n/a
1 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) 198 0.080
2 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) 364 0.096
3 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) 367 0.104
4 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) n/a n/a
5 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) n/a n/a
6 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) n/a n/a
1 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) Heat Pump 420 0.080
2 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) Heat Pump 587 0.096
3 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) Heat Pump 750 0.104
4 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) Heat Pump n/a n/a
5 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) Heat Pump n/a n/a
Building Energy Management Controls 93

#of Measures HVAC System Type kWh/Ton kW/Ton
implemented
6 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) Heat Pump n/a n/a
1 Water Source Heat Pump (WSHP) 244 0.080
2 Water Source Heat Pump (WSHP) 466 0.096
3 Water Source Heat Pump (WSHP) 542 0.100
4 Water Source Heat Pump (WSHP) n/a n/a
5 Water Source Heat Pump (WSHP) n/a n/a
6 Water Source Heat Pump (WSHP) n/a n/a
1 Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) 254 0.067
2 Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) 410 0.078
3 Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) 488 0.080
4 Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) n/a n/a
5 Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) n/a n/a
6 Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) n/a n/a
1 Packaged Rooftop Unit/Split System 185 0.089
2 Packaged Rooftop Unit/Split System 406 0.106
3 Packaged Rooftop Unit/Split System n/a n/a
4 Packaged Rooftop Unit/Split System n/a n/a
5 Packaged Rooftop Unit/Split System n/a n/a
6 Packaged Rooftop Unit/Split System n/a n/a
1 Packaged Rooftop Heat Pump Unit 376 0.089
2 Packaged Rooftop Heat Pump Unit 599 0.106
3 Packaged Rooftop Heat Pump Unit 789 0.108
4 Packaged Rooftop Heat Pump Unit n/a n/a
5 Packaged Rooftop Heat Pump Unit n/a n/a
6 Packaged Rooftop Heat Pump Unit n/a n/a
Building Energy Management Controls 94

Table 2-71 Energy Savings for New Construction EMS Controls Climate Zone 6
#of Measures HVAC System Type kWh/Ton kW/Ton
Implemented
1 VAV with chilled water coils 162 0.014
2 VAV with chilled water coils 537 0.018
3 VAV with chilled water coils 560 0.027
4 VAV with chilled water coils 563 0.027
5 VAV with chilled water coils 612 0.065
6 VAV with chilled water coils 639 0.079
1 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) 201 0.081
2 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) 468 0.087
3 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) 563 0.099
4 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) n/a n/a
5 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) n/a n/a
6 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) n/a n/a
1 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS)Gas Heat 160 0.056
2 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS)Gas Heat 241 0.060
3 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS)Gas Heat 108 0.067
4 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS)Gas Heat n/a n/a
5 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Gas Heat n/a n/a
6 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Gas Heat n/a n/a
1 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Electric Reheat 494 0.056
2 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Electric Reheat 573 0.060
3 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Electric Reheat 753 0.055
4 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Electric Reheat n/a n/a
5 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Electric Reheat n/a n/a
6 Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Electric Reheat n/a n/a
1 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PWT) 122 0.057
2 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PWT) 263 0.070
3 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PWT) 266 0.078
4 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PWT) n/a n/a
5 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PWT) n/a n/a
6 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PWT) n/a n/a
1 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PWT) Heat Pump 292 0.057
2 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PWT) Heat Pump 433 0.070
3 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PWT) Heat Pump 592 0.078
4 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PWT) Heat Pump n/a n/a
5 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) Heat Pump n/a n/a
6 Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PWT) Heat Pump n/a n/a
1 Water Source Heat Pump (WSHP) 166 0.109
Building Energy Management Controls 95

#of Measures HVAC System Type kWh/Ton kW/Ton
implemented
2 Water Source Heat Pump (WSHP) 307 0.119
3 Water Source Heat Pump (WSHP) 381 0.126
4 Water Source Heat Pump (WSHP) n/a n/a
5 Water Source Heat Pump (WSHP) n/a n/a
6 Water Source Heat Pump (WSHP) n/a n/a
1 Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) 170 0.045
2 Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) 273 0.052
3 Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) 342 0.055
4 Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) n/a n/a
5 Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) n/a n/a
6 Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) n/a n/a
1 Packaged Rooftop Unit/Split System 168 0.075
2 Packaged Rooftop Unit/Split System 334 0.088
3 Packaged Rooftop Unit/Split System n/a n/a
4 Packaged Rooftop Unit/Split System n/a n/a
5 Packaged Rooftop Unit/Split System n/a n/a
6 Packaged Rooftop Unit/Split System n/a n/a
1 Packaged Rooftop Heat Pump Unit 339 0.075
2 Packaged Rooftop Heat Pump Unit 504 0.088
3 Packaged Rooftop Heat Pump Unit 674 0.091
4 Packaged Rooftop Heat Pump Unit n/a n/a
5 Packaged Rooftop Heat Pump Unit n/a n/a
6 Packaged Rooftop Heat Pump Unit n/a n/a
Building Energy Management Controls 96

Table 2-72 Energy Savings for Retrofit Economizer Controls Only Climate Zone 5
HVAC System Type kWh/Ton kW/Ton
VAV with chilled water coils 836 0.0030
Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) 450 0.0020
Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS)Gas Heat 130 0.0020
Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Electric Reheat 122 0.0020
Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PWT) 203 0.0049
Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PWT) Heat Pump 203 0.0049
Water Source Heat Pump (WSHP) 272 0.0059
Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) 197 0.0059
Packaged Rooftop Unit/Split System 260 0.0906
Packaged Rooftop Heat Pump Unit 261 0.0054
Table 2-73 Energy Savings for New Construction Economizer Controls Only Climate Zone 5
HVAC System Type kWh/Ton kW/Ton
VAV with chilled water coils 437 0.0013
Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) 344 0.0020
Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Gas Heat 112 0.0020
Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Electric Reheat 106 0.0020
Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PWT) 167 0.0039
Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PWT) Heat Pump 167 0.0039
Water Source Heat Pump (WSHP) 166 0.0059
Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) 131 0.0020
Packaged Rooftop Unit/Split System 189 0.0044
Packaged Rooftop Heat Pump Unit 190 0.0044
Building Energy Management Controls 97

Table 2-74 Energy Savings for Retrofit Economizer Controls Only Climate Zone 6
HVAC System Type kWh/Ton kW/Ton
VAV with chilled water coils 878 0.0119
Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) 404 0.0068
Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Gas Heat 107 0.0068
Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Electric Reheat 101 0.0059
Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) 179 0.0185
Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) Heat Pump 179 0.0185
Water Source Heat Pump (WSHP) 247 0.0205
Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) 174 0.0146
Packaged Rooftop Unit/Split System 240 0.0202
Packaged Rooftop Heat Pump Unit 240 0.0202
Table 2-75 Energy Savings for New Construction Economizer Controls Only Climate Zone 6
HVAC System Type kWh/Ton kW/Ton
VAV with chilled water coils 441 0.0040
Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) 304 0.0068
Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Gas Heat 93 0.0059
Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Electric Reheat 88 0.0059
Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) 144 0.0156
Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) Heat Pump 144 0.0156
Water Source Heat Pump (WSHP) 161 0.0702
Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) 114 0.0088
Packaged Rooftop Unit/Split System 169 0.0161
Packaged Rooftop Heat Pump Unit 169 0.0161
Building Energy Management Controls 98

Table 2-76 Energy Savings for Retrofit DCV Only Climate Zone 6
HVAC System Type kWh/Ton W/Ton
VAV with chilled water coils 1,087.93 230.743
Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) 85.82 23.336
Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Gas Heat -59.24 7.306
Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Electric Reheat 813.65 -4.160
Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) 1.69 7.238
Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) Heat Pump 310.27 7.162
Water Source Heat Pump (WSHP) 362.76 20.808
Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) 283.42 11.174
Packaged Rooftop Unit/Split System -37.77 1.807
Packaged Rooftop Heat Pump Unit 368.07 1.614
Table 2-77 Unit Energy Savings for New Construction DCV Only Climate Zone 6
HVAC System Type kWh/Ton W/Ton
VAV with chilled water coils 17.85 11.096
Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) 111.17 20.412
Packaged Variable Air Volume System (PVAVS) Gas Heat -231.17 7.282
Packaged Variable Air Volume System(PVAVS)Electric Reheat 344.25 -4.160
Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) 1.38 6.654
Packaged Variable Volume and Temperature (PVVT) Heat 286.08 6.685
Pump
Water Source Heat Pump (WSHP) 275.05 74.587
Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) 216.50 10.118
Packaged Rooftop Unit/Split System -36.97 1.739
Packaged Rooftop Heat Pump Unit 374.14 1.620
Building Energy Management Controls 99

2.11. Hotel/Motel Guestroom Energy Management Systems
The following algorithms and assumptions are applicable to occupancy based Guest Room
Energy Management Systems (GREM) installed in motel and hotel guest rooms. These systems
use one or more methods to determine whether the guest room is occupied. If the room is un-
occupied for a predetermined amount of time (typically 15 - 30 min) the thermostat set-point is
set-back.
Table 2-78 through Table 2-80 summarize the `typical' expected (per Ton) energy impacts for this
measure. Typical values are based on the algorithms and stipulated values described below and
data from past program participants.87
Table 2-78 Typical Savings Estimates for GREM (w/o Housekeeping Set-Backs)
New Construction
Retrofit
I ECC 2018
Deemed Savings Unit Unit Unit
Average Unit Energy Savings 1,063 kWh 917 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0 kW 0 kW
Expected Useful Life 11 Years 11 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $150.61 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $57.50
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
Table 2-79 Typical Savings Estimates for GREM (With Housekeeping Set-Backs)
New Construction
Retrofit
I ECC 2018
Deemed Savings Unit Unit Unit
Average Unit Energy Savings 223 kWh 183 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0 kW 0 kW
Expected Useful Life 11 Years 11 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $150.61 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $57.50
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
87 See spreadsheet "11-TypicalCalcs_GREM_v4xlsx" for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy
savings and incremental costs. Note that due to the limited savings available for gas heated facilities the numbers in these tables
account only for electric heating fuel system types(e.g.heat-pumps and electric resistance coils).
Hotel/Motel Guestroom Energy Management Systems 100

Table 2-80 Typical Savings Estimates for GREM (Average)$$
New Construction
Retrofit
IECC 2018
Deemed Savings Unit Unit Unit _
Average Unit Energy Savings 643 kWh 550 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0 kW 0 kW
Expected Useful Life 11 Years 11 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $150.61 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $57.50
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
2.11.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
Eligible systems include any occupancy based thermostatic set-back controls controlling an
electrically heated system. Systems can be centralized or local controls. Systems must set-back
room space temperatures by a minimum of 8 degrees F when the room is determined to be
unoccupied. Temperature set-back must occur no longer than 30 minutes after the room is
determined unoccupied. Eligible systems include, thermostat based controls, room key-card
controls, and system check-in/check-out controls.
2.11.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
There are two possible project baseline scenarios— retrofit and new construction. However, there
are currently no building energy code requirements (as defined in ASHRAE 90.1) which mandate
installation of Guestroom Occupancy Control Systems. As such the baseline for retrofit and new
construction projects only differ in the efficiency of the existing HVAC systems and building
envelope.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
Baseline equipment for this measure is defined as a non-occupant based room thermostat (either
manual or programmable) installed in the existing room.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel)
Baseline equipment for this measure is defined as a non-occupant based room thermostat (either
manual or programmable) installed in the designed room.
2.11.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
" The savings represented in this table give equal weight to the two prevailing baseline conditions (e.g. with and without a
housekeeping set-back).
Hotel/Motel Guestroom Energy Management Systems 101

AkWh = kWh/Unit * NUnits
AkWhUnittypi,ai = 7-(AkWh/Unit; * W;)
2.11.4. Definitions
AkWh Expected energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
AkWh/Unit Per unit energy savings as stipulated in Table 2-81 through Table 2-82
according to case temperatures.
AkWh/Unittyp;�a, Typical measure savings on a per unit basis.
AkWh/Unit; Unit savings for combination i of building type (Hotel or Motel),
housekeeping practices, weather zone, and heating fuel source.
W; Population weight for each AkWh/Unit. Calculated by dividing the
expected number of participants with AkWh/Uniti by the total number of
expected participants.
2.11.5. Sources
■ Prototypical hotel and motel simulation models were developed in EnergyPlus by ADM
Associates Inc. for this measure.
■ U.S. Department of Energy Report on PTAC and PTHP energy use in Lodging facilities:
http://wwwl.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/commercial/pdfs/ptac_pthps
_tsd_ch7_09-30-08.pdf
■ Kidder Mathews, Real Estate Market Review (Seattle Hotel). 2010
■ I ECC 2015
■ IECC 2018
2.11.6.Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.89
89 Savings values are based on an assumed 46%annual average guestroom vacancy rate.This assumption is based on real estate
market research for Boise, Idaho Falls,and Post Falls in 2010.
Hotel/Motel Guestroom Energy Management Systems 102

Table 2-81 Unit Energy Savings for GREM Systems - Retrofit
Weather Zone 5 Weather Zone 6
Housekeeping
Setback Heat- Electric Heat- Electric
Pump Gas Resistance Pump Gas Resistance
Yes 131 35 398 173 29 498
No 741 200 1,706 875 149 1,930
Table 2-82 Unit Energy Savings for GREM Systems— New Construction (IECC 2018)
Weather Zone 5 Weather Zone 6
Housekeeping
Setback Heat- Electric Heat- Electric
Pump Gas Resistance j Pump Gas Resistance
Yes 95 24 352 129 21 447
No 599 153 1,551 726 116 1,793
Hotel/Motel Guestroom Energy Management Systems 103

2.12. High Efficiency Air Conditioning
The following algorithms and assumptions are applicable to energy efficient air conditioning units
installed in commercial spaces. This measure applies to projects which represent either
equipment retrofit or new construction (including major renovations).
Table 2-83 through Table 2-85 summarizes the `typical' expected (per ton) unit energy impacts
for this measure.90 Typical values are based on algorithms and stipulated values described below
and data from past program participants. Note that Table 2-83 reports the incremental savings
and costs associated with going from CEE Tier 1 to CEE Tier 2 and are therefore additive with
the appropriate baseline value based on the product.
Table 2-83 Typical Savings Estimates for High Efficiency, Air Cooled Air Conditioning— CEE
Code Standard Incremental
Retrofit to New Tier 1 to Tier 2 to
Tier 1 Construction Tier 2 Advanced
to Tier 1 Tier
Deemed Savings Unit Tons Tons Tons Tons
Average Unit Energy Savings 152 kWh 47 kWh 41 kWh 66 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 140 W 44 W 15 W low
Expected Useful Life 15 Years 15 Years 15 Years 15 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $940 n/a n/a n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $79 $44 $27
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
Table 2-84 Typical Savings Estimates for High Efficiency, Water Cooled Air Conditioning— CEE
Code Standard Incremental
New
Retrofit to Tier 1 Construction
to Tier 1
Deemed Savings Unit Tons Tons
Average Unit Energy Savings 130 kWh 28 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 148 W 62 W
Expected Useful Life 15 Years 15 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $1237 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $135
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
so See spreadsheet"12-TypicalCalcs_HighEffAC_v5.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy
savings and incremental costs.
High Efficiency Air Conditioning 104

Table 2-85 Typical Savings Estimates for High Efficiency, Variable Refrigerant Flow— CEE
Code Standard Incremental
Retrofit to New Construction Tier 1 to
Tier 1 to Tier 1 Tier 2*
Deemed Savings Unit Tons Tons Tons
Average Unit Energy Savings 129 kWh 31 kWh 32 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 141 W 43 W 18 W
Expected Useful Life 15 Years 15 Years 15 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $1,078 n/a n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $93 $15
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
*Tier 1 to Tier 2 savings are only applicable for units less than 5 tons
Table 2-86 through Table 2-87 summarize the `typical' expected (per ton) unit energy impacts for
this measure assuming the baseline installed equipment are the less efficient air cooled air
conditioner. The tier 1 to tier 2 savings remains the same as the tables above since this savings
value represents the same. These tables only apply to new construction.
Table 2-86 Typical Savings Estimates for High Efficiency, Water Cooled Air Conditioning with
Air Cooled Baseline — CEE Code Standard Incremental
New Construction to
Tier 1
Deemed Savings Unit Tons
Average Unit Energy 67 kWh
Savings
Average Unit Peak 111 W
Demand Savings
Expected Useful Life 15 Years
Average Material & Labor n/a
Cost
Average Incremental Cost $225
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
High Efficiency Air Conditioning 105

Table 2-87 Typical Savings Estimates for High Efficiency, Variable Refrigerant Flow with Air
Cooled Baseline — CEE Code Standard Incremental
New Construction Tier 1 to Tier
to Tier 1 2*
Deemed Savings Unit Tons Tons
Average Unit Energy Savings 87 kWh 32 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings _ 43 W n/a
Expected Useful Life 15 Years 15 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost n/a n/a
Average Incremental Cost $93 $15
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
*Tier 1 to Tier 2 savings are only applicable for units less than 5 tons
2.12.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
All commercial unitary and split air conditioning system are eligible (This includes Package
Terminal Air Conditioners) provided the installed equipment meets or exceeds current 2019
Consortium for Energy Efficiency (CEE) Tier 1 efficiencies. High efficiency chillers are not eligible
under this measure but are included as a separate measure in this document. Note that projects
replacing pre-existing AC units with A/C only are eligible under this measure—though no impacts
are considered for the heating component. Eligibility is determined by calculating the EER, SEER,
and/or the IEER for the installed unit.
2.12.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
Baseline equipment for this measure is determined by the nature of the project. There are two
possible scenarios: retrofit (early replacement) or new construction.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
If the project is retrofitting pre-existing equipment in working condition, then the baseline efficiency
is defined by the pre-existing equipment. If the equipment being replaced is not in working order,
then this is considered "replace on burn-out" and the baseline becomes new construction. Note
that units replacing window/wall mounted air-conditioners, room air-conditioners, and/or
evaporative cooling are not eligible for early replacement and are considered "New Construction."
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
For New Construction, the baseline efficiency is defined as the minimum allowable SEER and
EER by the prevailing building energy code or standard according to which the project was
permitted. Recently Idaho adopted IECC 2018 as the energy efficiency standard for new
construction.
2.12.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
High Efficiency Air Conditioning 106

AkWh = Cap * (1/SEERbase— 1/SEERnstalled) / 1000 * EFLH
AkW = Cap * (1/EERbase— 1/EERInstaued) / 1000 * CF
2.12.4. Definitions
AkWh Expected energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
AkWpeak Expected peak demand savings.
EFLH Equivalent full load cooling hours of. Idaho specific EFLH are by weather zone and
building in Table 2-92.
CF Peak coincidence factor. Represents the % of the connected load reduction which
occurs during Idaho Power's peak period.
EER Energy Efficiency Ratio for base and installed systems. This is defined as the ratio of
the cooling capacity of the air conditioner in British Thermal Units per hour, to the
total electrical input in watts. Since ASHRAE does not provide EER requirements for
air-cooled air conditioners < 65,000 Btu/h, assume the following conversion:
EER = -0.02 *SEER2 + 1.12 *SEER
SEER Seasonal Energy efficiency ratio of the air conditioning unit. This is defined as the
ratio of the Annual cooling provided by the air conditioner (in BTUs), to the total
electrical input (in Watts). Note that the IEER is an appropriate equivalent. If the
SEER or IEER are unknown or unavailable use the following formula to estimate from
the EER:91
SEER = .0507 * EER2 + .5773 * EER + .4919
Cap Nominal cooling capaity in kBTU/Hr (1 ton = 12,000BTU/Hr)
2.12.5.Sources
■ ASHRAE, Standard 90.1-2019.
■ California DEER Prototypical Simulation models (modified), eQUEST-DEER 3-5.92
■ California DEER Effective Useful Life worksheets: EUL_Summary_10-1-08. California
DEER Incremental Cost worksheets: Revised DEER Measure Cost Summary
(05_30_2008) Revised (06_02_2008).xls
■ 2019 CEE Building Efficiency Standards
■ I ECC 2018
91 Note that this formula is an approximation and should only be applied to EER values up to 15 EER.
92 Prototypical building energy simulations were used to generate Idaho specific Heating and Cooling Interactive Factors and
Coincidence factors for various building and heating fuel types.
High Efficiency Air Conditioning 107

2.12.6.Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
Table 2-88 Deemed Savings for High Efficiency A/C- Retrofit Baseline to CEE Tier 1
Expected Expected Measure
Measure Description Savings Savings
[kW/Ton] [kWh/Ton] Cost [$/Ton]
AC Air Cooled <65,000 Btu/h 0.16 156 $1,438
AC Air Cooled >65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h 0.14 158 $873
AC Air Cooled >135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h 0.15 148 $762
AC Air Cooled >240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h 0.14 153 $848
AC Air Cooled >760,000 Btu/h 0.12 144 $782
AC Water Cooled <65,000 Btu/h 0.15 106 $748
AC Water Cooled >65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h 0.15 150 $1,512
AC Water Cooled >135,000 Btu/h 0.14 133 $1,452
VRF <65,000 Btu/h 0.15 117 $1,609
VRF >65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h 0.12 135 $925
VRF >135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h 0.14 139 $822
VRF >240,000 Btu/h 0.15 126 $958
PTAC 0.14 231 $1,571
Table 2-89 Deemed Savings for High Efficiency A/C- New Construction (IECC 2018) Baseline
to CEE 2019 Tier 1
Expected Expected Incremental
Measure Description Savings Savings Cost [$/Ton]
[kW/Ton] [kWh/Ton]
AC Air Cooled <65,000 Btu/h 0.06 57 $143
AC Air Cooled >65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h 0.04 52 $55
AC Air Cooled >135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 0.05 38 $41
Btu/h
AC Air Cooled >240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 0.03 38 $87
Btu/h
AC Air Cooled >760,000 Btu/h 0.01 24 $34
AC Water Cooled <65,000 Btu/h 0.07 0 $74
AC Water Cooled >65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 0.07 51 $189
Btu/h
AC Water Cooled >135,000 Btu/h 0.05 34 $143
VRF <65,000 Btu/h 0.06 25 $159
VRF >65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h 0.03 38 $43
VRF >135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h 0.04 39 $34
High Efficiency Air Conditioning 108

Expected Expected Incremental
Measure Description Savings Savings Cost [$/Ton]
[kW/Ton] [kWh/Ton]
VRF >240,000 Btu/h 0.04 22 $137
PTAC 0.05 58 $164
Table 2-90 Deemed Savings for High Efficiency A/C— CEE 2019 Tier 1 to Tier 293
Expected Expected Incremental
Base Description Savings Savings Cost [$/Ton]
[kW/Ton] [kWh/Ton]
AC Air Cooled <65,000 Btu/h 0.01 32 $27
AC Air Cooled >65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h 0.00 30 $0
AC Air Cooled >135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h 0.00 41 $0
AC Air Cooled >240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h 0.02 43 $52
AC Air Cooled >760,000 Btu/h 0.03 38 $85
VRF <65,000 Btu/h 0.02 32 $60
PTAC 0.04 48 $164
Table 2-91 Deemed Savings for High Efficiency A/C— New Construction (IECC 2018) Air
Cooled Baseline to CEE 2019 Tier 1
Expected Expected Incrementa
Measure Description Savings Savings I Cost
[kW/Ton] [kWh/Ton] [$/Ton]
AC Water Cooled <65,000 Btu/h 0.11 0 $110
AC Water Cooled >65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h 0.11 99 $279
AC Water Cooled >135,000 Btu/h 0.12 101 $286
VRF <65,000 Btu/h 0.06 78 $159
VRF >65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h 0.03 94 $43
VRF >135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h 0.04 96 $34
VRF >240,000 Btu/h 0.04 82 $137
PTAC 0.05 58 $164
Table 2-92 Stipulated Equivalent Full Load Cooling and Heating Hours (EFLH) by Building
Type9a
Zone 5 Zone 6 Weighted values
Building Type EFLH EFLH EFLH EFLH EFLH EFLH
Cooling Heating Cooling Heating Cooling Heating
93 Note that CEE Tier 2 savings are the incremental savings(and cost)between Tier 1 and Tier 2.
94 Prototypical building energy simulations were used to generate Idaho specific heating and cooling equivalent full load hours for
various buildings.
High Efficiency Air Conditioning 109

Zone 5 Zone 6 I Weighted values
Assembly 879 966 758 1059 855 985
Education - Primary School 203 299 173 408 197 321
Education - Secondary School 230 406 196 514 223 428
Education - Community College 556 326 530 456 551 352
Education - University 697 341 721 449 702 363
Grocery 564 1825 460 2011 544 1862
Health/Medical - Hospital 1616 612 1409 679 1575 625
Health/Medical - Nursing Home 1049 1399 884 1653 1016 1450
Lodging - Hotel 1121 621 1075 780 1112 653
Lodging - Motel 978 682 937 796 970 705
Manufacturing - Light Industrial 530 699 415 1088 507 777
Office- Large 746 204 680 221 733 207
Office-Small 607 256 567 360 599 277
Restaurant-Sit-Down 811 624 716 709 792 641
Restaurant- Fast-Food 850 722 734 796 827 737
Retail - 3-Story Large 765 770 644 998 741 816
Retail - Single-Story Large 724 855 576 998 694 884
Retail - Small 726 886 619 1138 705 936
Storage-Conditioned 335 688 242 989 316 748
Table 2-93 HVAC Coincidence Factors by Building Type
Building Type Coincidence Factor
Assembly 0.47
Education - Community College 0.54
Education - Primary School 0.1
Education -Secondary School 0.1
Education - University 0.53
Grocery 0.54
Health/Medical - Hospital 0.82
Health/Medical - Nursing Home 0.49
Lodging - Hotel 0.67
Lodging - Motel 0.63
Manufacturing - Light Industrial 0.46
Office- Large 0.58
Office-Small 0.51
Restaurant- Fast-Food 0.48
Restaurant-Sit-Down 0.46
Retail -3-Story Large 0.66
Retail - Single-Story Large 0.56
Retail - Small 0.49
High Efficiency Air Conditioning 110

Building Type Coincidence Factor
Storage- Conditioned 0.41
Table 2-94 CEE 2019 Minimum Efficiencies by Unit Type for All Tiers'
Equipment Size Heating CEE Tier Advanced
Type Category Section Type Subcategory CEE Tier 1 2 Tier
15.0 SEER 16.0 SEER 18.0 SEER
<65,000 All Split System12.5 EER 13.0 EER 13.0 EER
Btu/h 15.0 SEER 16.0 SEER 17.0 SEER
Single Package
12.0 EER 12.0 EER 12.5 EER
>_65,000 Electric Split System and 12.2 EER 12.2 EER 12.6 EER
Resistance(or Single Package 14 IEER 14.8 IEER 18.0 IEER
Btu/h and None)
<135,000
Btu/h All Other Split System and 12 EER 12.0 EER 12.4 EER
Single Package 13.8 IEER 14.6 IEER 17.8 IEER
Air >_135,000 y Resistance(or
Electric Split System and 12.2 EER 12.2 EER 12.2 EER
Conditioners, Btu/h and None) Single Package 13.2 IEER 14.2 IEER 17 IEER
Air Cooled <240,000 Split System and 12 EER 12.0 EER 12.0 EER
(Cooling Btu/h All Other Single Package 13 IEER 14.0 IEER 16.8 IEER
Mode)
Electric Split System and 10.5 EER 10.8 EER 10.8 EER
Btu0 andResistance(or Single Package 12.3 IEER 13.2 IEER 14.5 IEER
/ None)
<760,000
Btu/h All Other Split System and 10.3 EER 10.6 EER 10.6 EER
Single Package 12.1 IEER 13 IEER 14.3 IEER
Electric Split System and 9.9 EER 10.4 EER NA
>_760 000 Resistance(or Single Package 11.6 IEER 12.3 IEER NA
None)
one)
All Other Split System and 9.7 EER 10.2 EER NA
Single Package 11.4 IEER 12.1 IEER NA
<65,000 All Split System and 14.0 EER NA NA*
Btu/h Single Package
>_65,000 Electric Split System and 14.0 EER NA NA*
Air Btu/h and ResiNonee(or Single Package 15.3 IEER NA NA*
Conditioners, <135,000 Split System and 13.8 EER NA NA*
Water Cooled Btu/h All Other Single Package 15.1 IEER NA NA*
Electric Split System and 14.0 EER NA NA*
>_135,000 Resistance or
Single Package 14.8 IEER NA NA*
Btu/h None)
All Other 13.8 EER NA NA*
95 Values obtained from 2019 CEE building efficiency standards for unitary air conditioning units.
High Efficiency Air Conditioning ill

Split System and 14.6 IEER NA NA*
Single Package
<65,000 All Split System and 14 EER NA NA*
Btu/h Single Package
Electric 14 EER
Air Btu/h and
>_65,000 Resistance(or Split System and NA NA*
Single Package 15.3 IEER
Conditioners,
<135,000 None)
Evaporatively Btu/h All Other Split System and 13.8 EER NA NA*
Cooled Single Package 15.1 IEER
>135,000 Electric Split System and 11.7 EER
Btu/h Resistance(or Single Package NA NA
None) 14.41EER
<65,000 12.5 EER 13 EER NA
Btu/h All Multisplit System 15 SEER 16 SEER NA
>_65,000 11.7 EER NA NA
Btu/hand Electric
Variable Resistance(or Multisplit System
Refrigerant <135,000 None) 14.91EER NA NA
Flow Air Btu/h
Cooled >!135,000 11.7 EER NA NA
Btu/hand Electric
(cooling Resistance(or Multisplit System
Mode) <240,000 None) 14.41EER NA NA
Btu/h
240,000 Electric
Btu/h Resistance(or Multisplit System 10.5 EER NA NA
None)
*The advanced tier should not be considered a level of performance that is currently being met by several
manufacturers in all nominal sizes. Instead, the advanced tier is an aspirational level that acknowledges
and provides recognition for manufacturers who have developed the most efficient systems available in
the market today.
High Efficiency Air Conditioning 112

2.13. High Efficiency Heat Pumps
The following algorithms and assumptions are applicable to energy efficient heat pump units
installed in commercial spaces. This measure applies to projects which represent either
equipment retrofit or new construction (including major renovations).
Table 2-95 through Table 2-98 summarize the `typical' expected (per ton) unit energy impacts for
this measure. Typical values are based on algorithms and stipulated values described below and
data from past program participants.96 Note that the values listed in the tables below are averaged
across each of the system efficiency and tonnage categories offered by the program. Table 2-102
through Table 2-108 at the end of this section provide individual savings and materials/labor costs.
Table 2-95 Typical Savings Estimates for High Efficiency Heat Pumps—Air-cooled
Retrofit to New Construction Tier 1 to
Tier 1 to Tier 1 Tier 2*
Deemed Savings Unit Tons Tons Tons
Average Unit Energy Savings (Cooling) 187 kWh 72 kWh 32 kWh
Average Unit Energy Savings (Heating) 356 kWh 82 kWh 57 kWh
Average Unit Energy Savings (Combined) 543 kWh 154 kWh 89 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings (Cooling) 129 W 30 W 18 W
Expected Useful Life 15 Years 15 Years 15 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $888 n/a n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $36 $31
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
*Tier 1 to Tier 2 savings are only applicable for units less than 5 tons
"See spreadsheet"1 3-TypicalCalcs_HeatPumps_v6.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy
savings and incremental costs.
High Efficiency Pumps 113

Table 2-96 Typical Savings Estimates for High Efficiency Heat Pumps— Water-cooled
Retrofit to New Construction
Tier 1 to Tier 1
Deemed Savings Unit Tons Tons
Average Unit Energy Savings (Cooling) 129 kWh 47 kWh
Average Unit Energy Savings (Heating) 195 kWh 79 kWh
Average Unit Energy Savings (Combined) 324 kWh 126 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings (Cooling) ill W 33 W
Expected Useful Life 15 Years 15 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $971 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $370
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
Table 2-97 Typical Savings Estimates for High Efficiency Heat Pumps—Air Cooled VRF
Retrofit to New Construction Tier 1 to
Tier 1 to Tier 1 Tier 2*
Deemed Savings Unit Tons Tons Tons
Average Unit Energy Savings (Cooling) 143 kWh 51 kWh 32 kWh
Average Unit Energy Savings (Heating) 342 kWh 92 kWh 57 kWh
Average Unit Energy Savings (Combined) 485 kWh 143 kWh 89 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings (Cooling) 126 W 27 W 18 W
Expected Useful Life 15 Years 15 Years n/a
Average Material & Labor Cost $999 n/a n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $36 $35
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
* Tier 1 to Tier 2 savings are only applicable for condenser units with a capacity less than 5 tons
High Efficiency Pumps 114

Table 2-98 Typical Savings Estimates for High Efficiency Heat Pumps— Water Cooled VRF
Retrofit to New Construction Tier 1 to
Tier 1 to Tier 1 Tier 2*
Deemed Savings Unit Tons Tons n/a
Average Unit Energy Savings (Cooling) 75 kWh 2 kWh n/a
Average Unit Energy Savings (Heating) 1,422 kWh 1,106 kWh n/a
Average Unit Energy Savings (Combined) 1,497 kWh 1,108 kWh n/a
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings (Cooling) 108 W 30 W n/a
Expected Useful Life 15 Years 15 Years n/a
Average Material & Labor Cost $1,187 n/a n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $62 n/a
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
*Tier 1 to Tier 2 savings are only applicable for condenser units with a capacity less than 5 tons
Table 2-99 through Table 2-101 summarize the `typical' expected (per ton) unit energy impacts
for this measure assuming the baseline installed equipment are the less efficient air cooled air
conditioner. The tier 1 to tier 2 savings remain the same as the tables above since this savings
value represents the same. These tables only apply to new construction.
Table 2-99 Typical Savings Estimates for High Efficiency Heat Pumps using Baseline Air
Cooled Air-Conditioners to Tier 1 Water-cooled Air-Conditioners
Retrofit to New Construction
Tier 1 to Tier 1
Deemed Savings Unit n/a Tons
Average Unit Energy Savings (Cooling) n/a 133 kWh
Average Unit Energy Savings (Heating) n/a 79 kWh
Average Unit Energy Savings (Combined) n/a 211 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings (Cooling) n/a 79 W
Expected Useful Life n/a 15 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost n/a n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $370
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
High Efficiency Pumps 115

Table 2-100 Typical Savings Estimates for Air Cooled VRF using an Air Cooled Baseline
Retrofit to New Construction Tier 1 to
Tier 1 to Tier 1 Tier 2*
Deemed Savings Unit n/a i Tons Tons
Average Unit Energy Savings (Cooling) n/a 97 kWh 32 kWh
Average Unit Energy Savings (Heating) n/a 92 kWh 57 kWh
Average Unit Energy Savings (Combined) n/a 190 kWh 89 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings (Cooling) n/a 27 W 18 W
Expected Useful Life n/a 15 Years 15 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost n/a n/a n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $36 $35
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
*Tier 1 to Tier 2 savings are only applicable for units less than 5 tons
Table 2-101 Typical Savings Estimates for Water Cooled VRF using an Air Cooled Baseline
Retrofit to New Construction Tier 1 to
Tier 1 to Tier 1 Tier 2*
Deemed Savings Unit n/a Tons n/a
Average Unit Energy Savings (Cooling) n/a 128 kWh n/a
Average Unit Energy Savings (Heating) n/a 1,106 kWh n/a
Average Unit Energy Savings (Combined) n/a 1,234 kWh n/a
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings (Cooling) n/a 76 W n/a
Expected Useful Life n/a 15 Years n/a
Average Material & Labor Cost n/a n/a n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $145 n/a
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
2.13.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
All heat pump systems are eligible provided the installed equipment meets or exceeds 2019
Consortium for Energy Efficiency (CEE) Tier 1 efficiencies. Note that projects replacing pre-
existing A/C only units with heat-pump units are eligible under this measure. In such project the
heating component must use a new construction baseline whereas the cooling component can
use either(retrofit or new construction) baselines as deemed appropriate. Eligibility is determined
by calculating the EER, SEER, IEER, and/or HSPF as appropriate for the installed unit.
2.13.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
Baseline equipment for this measure is determined by the nature of the project. There are two
possible scenarios: retrofit (early replacement) or New construction.
High Efficiency Pumps 116

Retrofit (Early Replacement)
If the project is retrofitting pre-existing equipment in working condition,then the baseline efficiency
is defined by the pre-existing equipment. If the equipment being replaced is not in working order,
then this is considered "replace on burn-out" and the baseline becomes new construction.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
For New Construction, the baseline efficiency is defined as the minimum allowable EER by the
prevailing building energy code or standard according to which the project was permitted. Current
applicable standards are defined by ASHRAE 90.1-2019. Recently Idaho adopted IECC 2018 as
the energy efficiency standard for new construction.
2.13.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
OkWh = OkWhcoot + OkW hHeat
= Cap * (1/SEERbase,cool— 1/SEERinstalled,cool) / 1000 * EFLHcoot +
Cap * (1/HSPFbase,Heat— 1/HSPFinstalled,Heat) / 1000 * EFLHHeat
OkWpeak = Cap * (1/EERbase,cool- 1/EERInstaued,cool) / 1000 * CF
2.13.4. Definitions
OkWh Expected energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
OkWPeak Expected peak demand savings.
EFLH Equivalent full load cooling hours of. Idaho specific EFLH are by weather zone and
building in Table 2-106.
CF Peak coincidence factor. Represents the % of the connected load reduction which
occurs during Idaho Power's peak period.
EER Energy Efficiency Ratio for base and installed systems in cooling and heating
modes. This is defined as the ratio of the cooling capacity of the air conditioner in
British Thermal Units per hour, to the total electrical input in watts. Since ASHRAE
does not provide EER requirements for air-cooled air conditioners < 65,000 Btu/h,
assume the following conversion:
EER = -0.02 *SEER2 + 1.12 *SEER
High Efficiency Pumps 117

SEER Seasonal Energy efficiency ratio of the air conditioning unit. This is defined as the
ratio of the Annual cooling provided by the air conditioner (in BTUs), to the total
electrical input (in Watts). Note that the IEER is an appropriate equivalent. If the
SEER or IEER are unknown or unavailable use the following formula to estimate
from the EER:97
SEER = .0507 * EER2 + .5773 * EER + .4919
HSPF Heating Season Performance Factor. This is identical to the SEER (described
above) as applied to Heat Pumps in heating mode. If only the heat pump COP is
available, then use the following:
HSPF = .5651 * COP2 + .464 * COP + .4873
Cap Nominal cooling capaity in kBTU/Hr (1 ton = 12,000BTU/Hr)
2.13.5. Sources
■ Consortium for Energy Efficiency, High Efficiency Commercial Air Conditioning and Heat
Pumps Initiative 2019
■ ASHRAE, Standard 90.1-2019.
■ California DEER Prototypical Simulation models (modified), eQUEST-DEER 3-5.98
■ California DEER Effective Useful Life worksheets: EUL_Summary_10-1-08. California
DEER Incremental Cost worksheets: Revised DEER Measure Cost Summary
(05_30_2008) Revised (06_02_2008).xls
■ IECC 2018
2.13.6. Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
97 Note that this formula is an approximation and should only be applied to EER values up to 15 EER.
98 Prototypical building energy simulations were used to generate Idaho specific Heating and Cooling Interactive Factors and
Coincidence factors for various building and heating fuel types.
High Efficiency Pumps 118

Table 2-102 Deemed Energy Savings for Efficient Heat Pumps— Retrofit to CEE 2019Tier 199
Demand Energy Energy Energy
Measure Description Savings- Savings- Savings- Savings - Measure
Cooling Cooling Heating All Cost
[kW/Ton] [kWh/Ton] [kWh/Ton] [kWh/Ton]
HP Air Cooled <65,000 Btu/h 0.11 133 219 351 $812
HP Air Cooled :65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h 0.13 190 403 594 $770
HP Air Cooled :135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h 0.12 178 400 578 $745
HP Air Cooled >240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h 0.16 249 400 649 $690
HP Water Cooled <135,000 Btu/h 0.11 129 195 324 $600
VRF <65,000 Btu/h 0.12 74 219 293 $918
VRF >65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h 0.11 146 403 550 $870
VRF >,135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h 0.12 149 373 522 $842
VRF >240,000 Btu/h 0.16 204 373 577 $780
VRF Water Source <135,000 Btu/h 0.11 75 1422 1497 $994
Table 2-103 Deemed Energy Savings for Efficient Heat Pumps— New Construction (IECC
2018) Base to CEE 2019 Tier 1
Demand Energy Energy Energy
Measure Description Savings- Savings - Savings - Savings- Incr.Cost
Cooling Cooling Heating All
[kW/Ton] [kWh/Ton] [kWh/Ton] [kWh/Ton]
HP Air Cooled <65,000 Btu/h 0.02 36 32 68 $27
HP Air Cooled >,65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h 0.04 76 126 202 $49
HP Air Cooled >,135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h 0.02 63 84 147 $18
HP Air Cooled >,240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h 0.05 114 84 198 $49
HP Water Cooled <135,000 Btu/h 0.03 47 79 126 $370
VRF <65,000 Btu/h 0.03 -13 37 24 $48
VRF >,65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h 0.01 42 126 167 $21
VRF >,135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h 0.02 42 57 99 $21
VRF >,240,000 Btu/h 0.05 81 57 138 $55
VRF Water Source <135,000 Btu/h 0.03 1 1106 1107 $62
99 Retrofit equipment estimated to be 15%worse than current IECC Code. See spreadsheet"13-TypicalCalcs_HeatPumps_v6.xlsx"
for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy savings and incremental costs.
High Efficiency Pumps 119

Table 2-104 Deemed Energy Savings for Efficient Heat Pumps— New Construction (IECC
2018) Air Cooled Baseline to CEE 2019 Tier 1
Demand Energy Energy Energy
Measure Description Savings- Savings - Savings - Savings- Incr.Cost
Cooling Cooling Heating All
[kW/Ton] [kWh/Ton] [kWh/Ton] [kWh/Ton]
HP Water Cooled <135,000 Btu/h 0.08 133 79 211 $370
VRF <65,000 Btu/h 0.03 36 37 74 $48
VRF -65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h 0.01 100 126 226 $21
VRF >,135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h 0.02 103 57 160 $21
VRF >,240,000 Btu/h 0.05 150 57 208 $55
VRF Water Source <135,000 Btu/h 0.08 128 1106 1234 $62
Table 2-105 Deemed Energy Savings for Efficient Heat Pumps— CEE 2019 Tier 1 to Tier 2
Demand Energy Energy Energy
Measure Description Savings- Savings- Savings- Savings- Incr.
Cooling Cooling Heating All Cost
[kW/Ton] [kWh/Ton] [kWh/Ton] [kWh/Ton]
HP Air Cooled <65,000 Btu/h 0.01 32 28 60 $15
VRF <65,000 Btu/h 0.02 32 57 89 $35
High Efficiency Pumps 120

Table 2-106 Stipulated Equivalent Full Load Hours (EFLH) by Building Type"'
Zone 5 Zone 6 Weighted values
Building Type EFLH EFLH EFLH EFLH EFLH EFLH
Cooling Heating Cooling Heating Cooling Heating
Assembly 879 966 758 1059 855 985
Education - Primary School 203 299 173 408 197 321
Education - Secondary School 230 406 196 514 223 428
Education - Community College 556 326 530 456 551 352
Education - University 697 341 721 449 702 363
Grocery 564 1825 460 2011 544 1862
Health/Medical - Hospital 1616 612 1409 679 1575 625
Health/Medical - Nursing Home 1049 1399 884 1653 1016 1450
Lodging - Hotel 1121 621 1075 780 1112 653
Lodging - Motel 978 682 937 796 970 705
Manufacturing - Light Industrial 530 699 415 1088 507 777
Office- Large 746 204 680 221 733 207
Office-Small 607 256 567 360 599 277
Restaurant-Sit-Down 811 624 716 709 792 641
Restaurant- Fast-Food 850 722 734 796 827 737
Retail - 3-Story Large 765 770 644 998 741 816
Retail - Single-Story Large 724 855 576 998 694 884
Retail - Small 726 886 619 1138 705 936
Storage-Conditioned 335 688 242 989 316 748
"I prototypical building energy simulations were used to generate Idaho specific heating and cooling equivalent full load hours for
various buildings.
High Efficiency Pumps 121

Table 2-107 HVAC Coincidence Factors by Building Type
Building Type Coincidence Factor
Assembly 0.47
Education - Community College 0.54
Education - Primary School 0.1
Education -Secondary School 0.1
Education - University 0.53
Grocery 0.54
Health/Medical - Hospital 0.82
Health/Medical - Nursing Home 0.49
Lodging - Hotel 0.67
Lodging - Motel 0.63
Manufacturing - Light Industrial 0.46
Office- Large 0.58
Office-Small 0.51
Restaurant- Fast-Food 0.48
Restaurant-Sit-Down 0.46
Retail -3-Story Large 0.66
Retail - Single-Story Large 0.56
Retail - Small 0.49
Storage-Conditioned 0.41
Table 2-108 CEE 2019 Baseline Efficiency by Unit Type
Equipment Type Size Category Heating Seection Subcategory Tier 1 Tier 2
Typ
Split System 15 SEER 16 SEER
12.5 EER 13 EER
<65,000 Btu/h All 15 SEER 16 SEER
Single Package 12 EER 12 EER
Electric Resistance Split System and 11.8 EER NA*
>_65,000 and (or None) Single Package 13.6 IEER NA*
<135,000 Btu/h Split System and 11.6 EER NA*
Air Conditioners, All Other Single Package 13.4 IEER NA*
Air Cooled
(Cooling Mode) Electric Resistance Split System and 10.9 EER NA*
>_135,000 and (or None) Single Package 12.8 IEER NA*
<240,000 Btu/h Split System and 10.7 EER NA*
All Other Single Package 9 9 12.81EER NA*
Electric Resistance Split System and 10.3 EER NA*
>_240,000 and (or None) Single Package 11.8 IEER NA*
<760,000 Btu/h Split System and 10.1 EER NA*
All Other Single Package 11.6 IEER NA*
High Efficiency Pumps 122

Equipment Type Size Category Heating Seection Subcategory Tier 1 Tier 2
Typ<65,000 Btu/h Split System 8.5 HSPF 9.0 HSPF
�
Single Package 8.2 HSPF 8.2 HSPF
- 47oF db/43oF wb 3.4 COP NA*
>_65,000 and Outdoor Air
Air Cooled <135,000 Btu/h 17oF db/15oF wb
(Heating Mode) - Outdoor Air 2.4 COP NA*
- 47oF db/43oF wb 3.3 COP NA*
>_135,000 Btu/h Outdoor Air
- 17oF db/15oF wb 2.1 COP NA*
Outdoor Air
Water Source <135,000 Btu/h All 86oF Entering 14.0 EER NA*
(Cooling Mode) Water
Water Source <135,000 Btu/h _ 68oF Entering 4.6 COP NA*
(Heating Mode) Water
<65,000 Btu/h All Multisplit System 15 SEER 16 SEER
12.5 EER 13 EER
>_65,000 and Electric Resistance 11.3 EER
<135,000 Btu/h or None Multisplit System 14.2 IEER NA*
VRF Air Cooled ( )
(Cooling Mode) >_135,000 and Electric Resistance Multisplit S 11.1 EER NA*
<240,000 Btu/h (or None) pystem 13.7 IEER
Electric Resistance Multisplit 10.1 EER NA*
>240,000 Btu/h (or None) plit System 12.3 IEER
<65,000 Btu/h Multisplit System 8.5 HSPF 9.0 HSPF
>_65,000 Btu/h 47°F db/43°F wb 3.4 COP NA*
and<135,000 Outdoor Air
VRF Air Cooled Btu/h 17°F db/15°F wb 2.4 COP NA*
(Heating Mode) Outdoor Air
47°F db/43°F wb 3.2 COP NA*
Outdoor Air
>_135,000 Btu/h 17°F db/15°F wb
O 2.1 COP NA*
Outdoor Air
Multisplit System
86°F Entering 14 EER NA*
VRF Water Source Water
(Cooling Mode) <135,000 Btu/h All Multisplit System
with Heat
R 13.8 IEER NA*
Recovery 86°F
Entering Water
VRF Water Source 60°F Entering
<135,000 Btu/h 4.6 COP NA*
(Heating Mode) Water
High Efficiency Pumps 123

2.14. High Efficiency Chillers
The following algorithms and assumptions are applicable to Electric Chillers installed in
commercial spaces. This measure applies to projects which represent either equipment retrofit or
new construction (including major renovations).
Table 2-109 through Table 2-110 summarizes the `typical' expected unit energy impacts for this
measure. Typical values are based on algorithms and stipulated values described below and data
from past program participants. Note that the values listed in the table below are averaged across
each of the system efficiency and tonnage categories offered by the program. Table 2-111
through Table 2-115 at the end of this section provide individual savings and materials/labor costs.
Table 2-109 Typical Savings Estimates for High Efficiency Chillers90'(air cooled)
IECC 2018
Retrofit New
Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Tons Tons
Average Unit Energy Savings 154 kWh 102 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.12 kW 0.08 kW
Expected Useful Life 20 Years 20 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $ 784 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $209
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
Table 2-110 Typical Savings Estimates for High Efficiency Chillers902(water cooled)
IECC 2018
Retrofit New
Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Tons Tons
Average Unit Energy Savings 91 kWh 61 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.07 kW 0.05 kW
Expected Useful Life 20 Years 20 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $596 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $103
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
101 See spreadsheet "14-TypicalCalcs_HighEffChillers_v5.xlsx" for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit
energy savings and incremental costs.
102 See spreadsheet "15-TypicalCalcs_HighEffChillers_v5.xlsx" for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit
energy savings and incremental costs.
High Efficiency Chillers 124

2.14.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
All commercial chiller units are eligible provided the installed equipment exceeds current federal
minimum efficiencies by at least 10%. Eligibility is determined by calculating the Integrated Part
Load Value (IPLV)for the installed unit. The algorithms and stipulated assumptions stipulated for
High Efficiency Chillers apply only to like-for-like chiller replacements and are not suited for
addition of variable speed drives (VSDs) or plant optimization.
Only primary chillers will qualify. Chillers intended for backup service only are not eligible. Air-
cooled chiller efficiencies must include condenser-fan energy consumption. Efficiency ratings for
IPLV must be based on ARI standard rating conditions per AHRI 550/590-2015.
2.14.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
Baseline equipment for this measure is determined by the nature of the project. There are two
possible scenarios: retrofit (early replacement) or new construction.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
If the project is retrofitting pre-existing equipment in working condition,then the baseline efficiency
is defined by the pre-existing equipment. If the equipment being replaced is not in working order,
then this is considered "replace on burn-out" and the baseline becomes new construction.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
For New Construction, the baseline efficiency is defined as the minimum allowable COP and IPLV
by the prevailing building energy code or standard according to which the project was permitted.
Recently Idaho adopted IECC 2018 as the energy efficiency standard for new construction.
2.14.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
OkWh = Cap * (IPLVbase— IPLVmeas) * EFLH
AkW = Cap * (IPLVbase— IPLVmeas) * CF
OkWh/Unit; _ (IPLVbase — IPLVmeas) * EFLHi
2.14.4. Definitions
OkWh Expected energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
OkW Expected peak demand savings.
High Efficiency Chillers 125

IPLV103 Efficiency of high efficiency equipment expressed as Integrated Part Load Value
in units of kW/Ton
Cap104 Chiller nominal cooling capacity in units of Tons
CF Peak coincidence factor. Represents the % of the connected load reduction which
occurs during Idaho Power's peak period.
EFLH Annual Equivalent Full Load cooling hours for chiller. Values for various building
types are stipulated in Table 2-114. When available, actual system hours of use
should be used.
AkWh/Unit; Typical measure savings on a per unit basis per kBTU/hr.
2.14.5. Sources
■ ASHRAE, Standard 90.1-2019.
■ California DEER Prototypical Simulation models (modified), eQUEST-DEER 3-5.105
■ California DEER Effective Useful Life worksheets: EUL_Summary_1O-1-O8.xls
■ SCE workpaper SCE17HCO3O revision 1 Air-Cooled Chiller
■ SWHC workpaper SWHCOO5 revision 1 Water-Cooled Chiller
■ I ECC 2018
2.14.6. Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
103 Integrated Part Load Value is a seasonal average efficiency rating calculated in accordance with ARI Standard 550/590.It may be
presented using one of several sets of units: EER, kW/ton,or COP.
04 Units for the capacity must match the units for the IPLV.
os Prototypical building energy simulations were used to generate Idaho specific heating and cooling equivalent full load hours for
various buildings.
High Efficiency Chillers 126

Table 2-111 Deemed Measure Savings for Retrofit, IECC 2018
Deemed Savings kW/Ton kWh/Ton Measure Cost
[$/Ton]
Air-Cooled Chiller with Condenser < 150 Tons 0.12 155 $842
>_ 150 Tons 0.12 152 $725
Air-Cooled Chiller without Condenser, < 150 Tons 0.12 155 $842
electrically operated >_ 150 Tons 0.12 152 $725
< 75 Tons 0.08 105 $964
>_ 75 and < 150 Tons 0.08 100 $650
Water Cooled Chiller electronically '- 150 and < 300 0.07 94 $436
operated, positive displacement Tons
>_300 and < 600 0.07 89 $325
Tons
>_600 Tons 0.07 84 $318
< 150 Tons 0.07 94 $855
>_ 150 and < 300 0.07 91 $957
Tons
Water Cooled Chiller electronically > 300 and < 400 0.07 87 $676
operated, centrifugal Tons
>_400 and < 600 0.07 84 $356
Tons
>_600 Tons 0.07 84 $427
High Efficiency Chillers 127

Table 2-112 Deemed Measure Savings for New Construction, IECC 2018
Deemed Savings kW/Ton kWh/Ton Incremental
Cost [$/Ton]
Air-Cooled Chiller with Condenser < 150 Tons 0.08 103 $253
>_ 150 Tons 0.08 101 $164
Air-Cooled Chiller without < 150 Tons 0.08 103 $253
Condenser, electrically operated >_ 150 Tons 0.08 101 $164
< 75 Tons 0.05 70 $127
>_ 75 and < 150 Tons 0.05 67 $0
Water Cooled Chiller electronically '- 150 and < 300 0.05 62 $0
operated, positive displacement Tons
>_ 300 and < 600 0.05 59 $0
Tons
>_600 Tons 0.04 56 $0
< 150 Tons 0.05 63 $12
>_ 150 and < 300 0.05 60 $442
Tons
Water Cooled Chiller electronically >_ 300 and <400 0.05 58 $303
operated, centrifugal Tons
>_400 and < 600 0.04 56 $0
Tons
>_600 Tons 0.04 56 $143
High Efficiency Chillers 128

Table 2-113 Baseline Code Requirements, IECC 2018
Minimum Efficiency 2019
Equipment Type Size Units Path A(Full- Path B (Part-
Category Load Optimized Load Optimized
_ Applications) Applications)
EER >_10.10 FL >_9.70 FL
Air-cooled <150 Tons (Btu/W) >_13.70 IPLV >_15.80 IPLV
EER >_10.10 FL >_9.70 FL
Air-cooled >_150 Tons (Btu/W) >_14.00 IPLV >_16.10 IPLV
Water-cooled, electrically operated <75 Tons kW/t <_0.75 FL <_0.78 FL
positive displacement <_0.60 IPLV :50.50 IPLV
Water-cooled, electrically operated >_75 and <_0.72 FL <_0.75 FL
positive displacement <150 Tons kW/t <
P P 0.561PLV :50.491PLV
Water-cooled, electrically operated >_150 and kW/t :50.66 FL :50.68 FL
positive displacement <300 Tons :50.54 IPLV :50.44 IPLV
Water-cooled, electrically operated >_300 and kW/t 150.61 FL 150.625 FL
positive displacement <600 Tons <_0.52 IPLV 150.41 IPLV
Water-cooled, electrically operated >600 Tons kW/t <_0.56 FL <_0.585 FL
positive displacement :50.50 IPLV :50.38 IPLV
Water-cooled, electrically operated <150 Tons kW/t <_0.61 FL <_0.695 FL
centrifugal 150.55IPLV 150.44IPLV
Water-cooled, electrically operated >_150 and kW/t :50.61 FL :50.635 FL
centrifugal <300 Tons :50.55 IPLV :50.40 IPLV
Water-cooled, electrically operated >_300 and kW/t 150.56 FL 150.595 FL
centrifugal <400 Tons <_0.52 IPLV :50.39 IPLV
Water-cooled, electrically operated >_400 and kW/t :50.56 FL :50.585 FL
centrifugal <600 Tons <_0.50 IPLV :50.38 IPLV
Water-cooled, electrically operated <_0.56 FL <_0.585 FL
centrifugal
>_600 Tons kW/t :50.50 IPLV :50.38 IPLV
High Efficiency Chillers 129

Table 2-114 Stipulated Equivalent Full Load Hours (EFLH) by Building Type'os
Zone 5 Zone 6 Weighted values
Building Type EFLH EFLH EFLH EFLH EFLH EFLH
Cooling Heating Cooling Heating Cooling Heating
Assembly 879 966 758 1059 855 985
Education - Primary School 203 299 173 408 197 321
Education - Secondary School 230 406 196 514 223 428
Education - Community College 556 326 530 456 551 352
Education - University 697 341 721 449 702 363
Grocery 564 1825 460 2011 544 1862
Health/Medical - Hospital 1616 612 1409 679 1575 625
Health/Medical - Nursing Home 1049 1399 884 1653 1016 1450
Lodging - Hotel 1121 621 1075 780 1112 653
Lodging - Motel 978 682 937 796 970 705
Manufacturing - Light Industrial 530 699 415 1088 507 777
Office- Large 746 204 680 221 733 207
Office-Small 607 256 567 360 599 277
Restaurant-Sit-Down 811 624 716 709 792 641
Restaurant- Fast-Food 850 722 734 796 827 737
Retail - 3-Story Large 765 770 644 998 741 816
Retail - Single-Story Large 724 855 576 998 694 884
Retail - Small 726 886 619 1138 705 936
Storage-Conditioned 335 688 242 989 316 748
"I prototypical building energy simulations were used to generate Idaho specific heating and cooling equivalent full load hours for
various buildings.
High Efficiency Chillers 130

Table 2-115 HVAC Coincidence Factors by Building Type
Building Type Coincidence Factor
Assembly 0.47
Education - Community College 0.54
Education - Primary School 0.10
Education -Secondary School 0.10
Education - University 0.53
Grocery 0.54
Health/Medical - Hospital 0.82
Health/Medical - Nursing Home 0.49
Lodging - Hotel 0.67
Lodging - Motel 0.63
Manufacturing - Light Industrial 0.46
Office- Large 0.58
Office-Small 0.51
Restaurant- Fast-Food 0.48
Restaurant-Sit-Down 0.46
Retail -3-Story Large 0.66
Retail - Single-Story Large 0.56
Retail - Small 0.49
Storage-Conditioned 0.41
High Efficiency Chillers 131

2.15. Evaporative Coolers (Direct and Indirect)
Evaporative coolers provide an effective space cooling alternative to direct expansion units in dry
climates such as found in Idaho. Evaporative coolers can be designed in direct and indirect
configurations.
A direct evaporative cooler represents the simplest and most efficient approach by pulling air
directly through a wetted media to cool the air before dispersing it into the space. A direct
evaporative cooler will also humidify the incoming air which, depending on the ambient conditions,
can lead to high indoor humidity levels.
Indirect evaporative coolers employ heat exchangers to cool dry outside air on one side with
evaporatively cooled moist air on the other. The two air streams are kept separate and the moist
air exhausted outside while the dry cool air is supplied indoors. These systems are more complex
and often much larger than direct systems because they require more space for large heat
exchangers. However; indirect coolers do not increase the indoor humidity levels.107
Table 2-116 through Table 2-117 summarize the `typical' expected unit energy impacts for this
measure. Typical values are based on the algorithms and stipulated values described below.
Table 2-116 Typical Savings Estimates for Evaporative Coolers (Direct)"'
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Ton Ton
Average Unit Energy Savings 350 kWh 315 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.25 kW 0.23kW
Expected Useful Life 15 Years 15 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $1,178 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $364
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
07 Except by the normal relationship between temperature and relative humidity.
108 Ibid. Note that these values are for Direct Evaporative units only.
Evaporative Coolers (Direct and Indirect) 132

Table 2-117 Typical Savings Estimates for Evaporative Coolers (Indirect)'os
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Ton Ton
Average Unit Energy Savings 250 kWh 225 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.22 kW 0.20 kW
Expected Useful Life 15 Years 15 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $2,367 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $1,553
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
2.15.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
Eligible equipment includes any direct or indirect evaporative cooler systems used to supplant
direct expansion (DX) system of equivalent size (or greater). Evaporatively pre-cooled DX
systems do not qualify under this measure.
2.15.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
Baseline equipment for this measure is determined by the nature of the project. There are two
possible scenarios: retrofit (early replacement) or new construction.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
Baseline equipment for retrofit projects is the pre-existing DX system.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel)
Baseline equipment for New Construction projects is a new DX system meeting federal or local
building energy code (whichever is applicable) minimum efficiency requirements. Recently Idaho
adopted IECC 2018 as the energy efficiency standard for new construction.
2.15.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
OkWh = kWh/Unit * Cap
AkW = kW/Unit * Cap
2.15.4. Definitions
AkWh Expected energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
101 Ibid. Note that these values are for Indirect Evaporative units only.
Evaporative Coolers (Direct and Indirect) 133

AkW Expected peak demand savings between baseline and installed equipment.
Cap Nominal capacity (in Tons) of the air-cooled equipment
kWh/Unit Per unit energy savings as stipulated in Table 2-118 and Table 2-119.
kW/Unit Per unit demand savings as stipulated in Table 2-118 and Table 2-119.
2.15.5. Sources
■ California Energy Commission. Advanced Evaporative Cooling White Paper. 2004
■ Southwest Energy Efficiency Project & UC Davis Western Cooling Efficiency Center.
SWEEP /WCEC Workshop on Modern Evaporative Cooling Technologies. 2007
■ 3012-14 Non-DEER Ex Ante measure work papers submitted by Southern California
Edison and Pacific Gas and Electric. http://www.deeresources.com/
■ IECC 2015
■ I ECC 2018
2.15.6.Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
Table 2-118 Unit Energy Savings for Evaporative Coolers— Weather Zone 5
Retrofit New Construction
_ (IECC 2018)
Measure kWh/ Unit Unit kWh/ Unit kW/ Unit
Direct
Evaporative 360kWh 0.25
324kWh 0.23 kW
Cooler
Indirect
Evaporative 257 kWh 0.18
232 kWh 0.16 kW
Cooler
Table 2-119 Unit Energy Savings for Evaporative Coolers— Weather Zone 6
Retrofit New Construction
(IECC 2018)
Measure kWh/ kW/ kWh/ kW/ Unit
Unit Unit Unit _
Direct
Evaporative kWh 0.25 kW 278kWh 0.25kW
Cooler
Indirect
Evaporative kWh 0..18 kW 199 kWh 0.16 kW
Cooler
Evaporative Coolers (Direct and Indirect) 134

2.16. Evaporative Pre-Cooler(For Air-Cooled Condensers)
Evaporative pre-coolers, when added to an air-cooled condenser coil, can improve both
equipment capacity and energy efficiency. The algorithms and assumptions for this measure are
applicable to retrofits in which a separate evaporative cooling system is added onto an air-cooled
condenser. Such systems include saturated media, water nozzles (and associated water piping),
and a rigid frame. The additional equipment is used to evaporatively pre-cool ambient air before
it reaches the air-cooled condenser. This not a replacement of an air-cooled condenser with an
evaporative condenser. Typical applications include refrigeration systems and air-cooled chillers.
The tables below summarize the `typical' expected unit energy impacts for this measure. Typical
values are based on the algorithms and stipulated values described below.
Table 2-120 Typical Savings Estimates for Evaporative Pre-Cooler(Installed on Chillers)10
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Ton Ton
Average Unit Energy Savings 63 kWh 63 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings .05 kW .05 kW
Expected Useful Life 15 Years 15 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $ 173 $ 173
Average Incremental Cost n/a n/a
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
Table 2-121 Typical Savings Estimates for Evaporative Pre-Cooler(Installed on Refrigeration
Systems)"'
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Ton Ton
Average Unit Energy Savings 110 kWh 110 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings .09 kW .09 kW
Expected Useful Life 15 Years 15 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $ 173 $ 173
Average Incremental Cost Refrigeration Refrigeration
2.16.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
Eligible equipment includes retrofits in which equipment is added to an existing air-cooled
condenser to evaporatively cool the ambient air temperature before reaching the condenser coils.
10 See spreadsheet "16-TypicalCalcs_Eva pPreCool_v2.xlsx" for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit
energy savings and incremental costs.
"' See spreadsheet "16-TypicalCalcs_Eva pPreCool_v2.xlsx" for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit
energy savings and incremental costs.
Evaporative Pre-Cooler(For Air-Cooled Condensers) 135

Self-contained evaporative condensing coils are not eligible as part of this measure. Eligible
systems must be purchased and installed by a qualified contractor. Eligible equipment must have
a minimum performance efficiency of 75%. Must have enthalpy controls to control pre-cooler
operation. Water supply must have chemical or mechanical water treatment. Magnetic water
treatment does not qualify for this measure.
2.16.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
Baseline equipment for this measure is determined by the nature of the project. There are two
possible scenarios: retrofit (early replacement) or new construction.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
The baseline equipment for retrofit projects is the existing air-cooled condenser coil in a properly
working and maintained condition.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
The baseline equipment for new construction projects is defined to be a properly working and
maintained air-cooled condenser coil with all required fan and head pressure controls as defined
by the local energy codes and standards.
2.16.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
OkWh = kWh/Unit * Cap
OkW = kW/Unit * Cap
2.16.4. Definitions
OkWh Expected energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
LkW Expected peak demand savings between baseline and installed equipment.
Cap Nominal capacity (in Tons) of the air-cooled equipment
kWh/Unit Per unit energy savings as stipulated in Table 2-120 and Table 2-121.
kW/Unit Per unit demand savings as stipulated in Table 2-120 and Table 2-121.
2.16.5. Sources
Bisbee, Dave & Mort, Dan. Evaporative Precooling System: Customer Advanced
Technologies Program Report Technology Evaluation Report. 2010112
"Z https://www.smud.org/en/business/save-energy/energy-management-solutions/documents/evapercool-tech-aug10.pdf
Evaporative Pre-Cooler(For Air-Cooled Condensers) 136

Shen, B., et. al., Energy and Economics Analyses of Condenser Evaporative Precooling
for Various Climates, Buildings and Refrigerants. Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
Energies 2019, 12(11), 2079One other internal monitoring study was referenced when
deriving savings values for this measure; however, has not been made public.
Evaporative Pre-Cooler(For Air-Cooled Condensers) 137

2.17. Variable Frequency Drives (For HVAC Applications)
The following algorithms and assumptions are applicable to Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs)
on HVAC fans and pumps installed in commercial spaces. This measure applies to projects which
represent either equipment retrofit or new construction (including major renovations).
Table 2-122 summarizes the `typical' expected unit energy impacts for this measure. Typical
values are based on algorithms and stipulated values described below and data from past
program participants.
Table 2-122 Summary Deemed Savings Estimates for VFD
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit HP HP
Average Unit Energy Savings 622 kWh 582 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0 kW 0 kW
Expected Useful Life 15 Years 15 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $184.55 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $153.91
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
2.17.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
ALL VFDs installed on variably loaded motors, less than 300 horsepower, in HVAC applications
are eligible under this measure. New construction projects must meet or exceeds current federal
minimum requirements and VFDs must not be required by the applicable building codes. Retrofit
projects must remove or permanently disable any pre-existing throttling or flow control device(s),
and cannot replace a pre-existing VFD.
This measure can be combined with sections 2.10, 2.12 and 2.13 if the HVAC system is being
replaced and VFD controls are added. Note when combining savings for this measure and
2.12/2.13, this measure can only be applied for if the HVAC fan motor VFD is an addition to the
unit and has not already been included in the HVAC unit SEER used for 2.12/2.13. This measure
can be combined with sections 2.38 without including any interactive factor penalty. Additionally,
ECMs installed with modulating controls qualify for savings associated with this measure.
2.17.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
Baseline equipment for this measure is determined by the nature of the project. There are two
possible scenarios: retrofit or new construction.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
If the project is retrofitting pre-existing equipment with a variable frequency drive, then the
baseline control strategy is defined by the pre-existing control strategy.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
Variable Frequency Drives (For HVAC Applications) 138

For facilities that are installing VFDs during a new construction project the minimum HVAC
fan/pump controls strategy is dictated by the prevailing building energy code or standard
according to which the project was permitted. Current applicable control standards are defined by
IECC 2018.
Code Compliance Considerations for HVAC VFDs
The International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) specifies that fan motors used in VAV
systems must have variable speed controls if equal to or greater than a specified horsepower. As
such, fan motors in VAV systems are only eligible under this measure if they are less than 7.5 HP
when permitted to IECC 2018.
2.17.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
AkWh = .746 * HP * LF / nmatar *HRS * ESF
AkW = 0
2.17.4. Definitions
AkWh Expected energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
AkW Peak demand savings are defined to be zero for this measure.
HP Manufacturer name plate rated horsepower of the motor.
LF Load Factor. Ratio between the actual load and the rated load. Motor efficiency curves
typically result in motors being most efficient at approximately 75% of the rated load.
The default value is 0.75.
r1motor Manufacturer name plate efficiency of the motor at full load.
HRS Annual operating hours of VFD. Values for various building types and end uses are
stipulated in Table 2-123.
ESF Energy Savings Factor. Percent of baseline energy consumption saved by installing a
VFD. The appropriate ESF can be found in
Table 2-124.
2.17.5. Sources
■ ASHRAE, Standard 90.1-2019.
■ California DEER Effective Useful Life worksheets: EUL_Summary_10-1-08.xls
■ California DEER Incremental Cost worksheets: Revised DEER Measure Cost Summary
(05_30_2008) Revised (06_02_2008).xls
Variable Frequency Drives (For HVAC Applications) 139

■ Illinois TRM Version 8.0
2.17.6. Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
Table 2-123 Stipulated Hours of Use for Commercial HVAC Motors
Building Type Motor Usage Group Zone 5 Zone 6
Chilled Water Pump 2,111 1,877
Heating Hot Water Pump 6,133 6,610
Assembly Condenser Water Pump 2,111 1,877
HVAC Fan 6,132 1,753
Cooling Tower Fan 1,050 851
Chilled Water Pump 649 584
Heating Hot Water Pump 6,133 6,610
Education - Primary School Condenser Water Pump 649 584
HVAC Fan 3,454 1,752
Cooling Tower Fan 711 559
Chilled Water Pump 649 584
Heating Hot Water Pump 6,133 6,610
Education-Secondary School Condenser Water Pump 649 584
HVAC Fan 3,454 1,752
Cooling Tower Fan 711 559
Chilled Water Pump 1,861 1,694
Heating Hot Water Pump 6,133 6,610
Education-Community College Condenser Water Pump 1,861 1,694
HVAC Fan 4,795 1,752
Cooling Tower Fan 1,050 851
Chilled Water Pump 1,861 1,694
Heating Hot Water Pump 6,133 6,610
Education - University Condenser Water Pump 1,861 1,694
HVAC Fan 4,795 1,752
Cooling Tower Fan 1,050 851
Chilled Water Pump 1,861 1,694
Heating Hot Water Pump 6,133 6,610
Grocery Condenser Water Pump 1,861 1,694
HVAC Fan 5,423 1,752
Cooling Tower Fan 1,050 851
Chilled Water Pump 2,485 2,028
Health/Medical - Hospital Heating Hot Water Pump 6,133 6,610
Condenser Water Pump 2,485 2,028
HVAC Fan 8,760 1,753
Variable Frequency Drives (For HVAC Applications) 140

Building Type Motor Usage Group Zone 5 Zone 6
Cooling Tower Fan 1,050 851
Chilled Water Pump 2,485 2,028
Heating Hot Water Pump 6,133 6,610
Health/Medical - Nursing Home Condenser Water Pump 2,485 2,028
HVAC Fan 8,760 1,753
Cooling Tower Fan 1,050 851
Chilled Water Pump 2,485 2,028
Heating Hot Water Pump 6,133 6,610
Lodging- Hotel Condenser Water Pump 2,485 2,028
HVAC Fan 8,760 1,753
Cooling Tower Fan 1,050 851
Chilled Water Pump 1,861 1,694
Heating Hot Water Pump 6,133 6,610
Lodging - Motel Condenser Water Pump 1,861 1,694
HVAC Fan 5,423 1,752
Cooling Tower Fan 1,050 851
Chilled Water Pump 1,418 1,306
Heating Hot Water Pump 6,133 6,610
Manufacturing - Light Industrial Condenser Water Pump 1,418 1,306
HVAC Fan 4,672 1,752
Cooling Tower Fan 1,050 851
Chilled Water Pump 1,612 1,472
Heating Hot Water Pump 6,133 6,610
Office- Large Condenser Water Pump 1,612 1,472
HVAC Fan 5,047 1,752
Cooling Tower Fan 1,050 851
Chilled Water Pump 1,612 1,472
Heating Hot Water Pump 6,133 6,610
Office- Small Condenser Water Pump 1,612 1,472
HVAC Fan 5,047 1,752
Cooling Tower Fan 1,050 851
Chilled Water Pump 1,861 1,694
Heating Hot Water Pump 6,133 6,610
Restaurant-Sit Down Condenser Water Pump 1,861 1,694
HVAC Fan 5,423 1,752
Cooling Tower Fan 1,050 851
Chilled Water Pump 1,861 1,694
Heating Hot Water Pump 6,133 6,610
Restaurant- Fast Food Condenser Water Pump 1,861 1,694
HVAC Fan 5,423 1,752
Cooling Tower Fan 1,050 851
Retail -3 Story Chilled Water Pump 1,861 1,694
Variable Frequency Drives (For HVAC Applications) 141

Building Type Motor Usage Group Zone 5 Zone 6
Heating Hot Water Pump 6,133 6,610
Condenser Water Pump 1,861 1,694
HVAC Fan 5,423 1,752
Cooling Tower Fan 1,050 851
Chilled Water Pump 1,861 1,694
Heating Hot Water Pump 6,133 6,610
Retail -Single Story Condenser Water Pump 1,861 1,694
HVAC Fan 5,423 1,752
Cooling Tower Fan 1,050 851
Chilled Water Pump 1,861 1,694
Heating Hot Water Pump 6,133 6,610
Retail -Small Condenser Water Pump 1,861 1,694
HVAC Fan 5,423 1,752
Cooling Tower Fan 1,050 851
Chilled Water Pump 1,418 1,306
Heating Hot Water Pump 6,133 6,610
Storage- Conditioned Condenser Water Pump 1,418 1,306
HVAC Fan 4,672 1,752
Cooling Tower Fan 1,050 851
Variable Frequency Drives (For HVAC Applications) 142

Table 2-124 Stipulated Energy Savings Factors (ESF) for Commercial HVAC VFD Installations
Building Type Motor Usage Group Zone 5 Zone 6
i. Chilled Water Pump 0.313 0.300
Heating Hot Water Pump 0.411 0.401
Assembly Condenser Water Pump 0.313 0.300
HVAC Fan 0.297 0.284
Cooling Tower Fan 0.301 0.278
Chilled Water Pump 0.363 0.357
Heating Hot Water Pump 0.301 0.384
Education - Primary School Condenser Water Pump 0.363 0.357
HVAC Fan 0.258 0.254
Cooling Tower Fan 0.324 0.311
Chilled Water Pump 0.363 0.357
Heating Hot Water Pump 0.301 0.384
Education-Secondary School Condenser Water Pump 0.363 0.357
HVAC Fan 0.258 0.254
Cooling Tower Fan 0.324 0.311
Chilled Water Pump 0.319 0.306
Heating Hot Water Pump 0.309 0.395
Education- Community College Condenser Water Pump 0.319 0.306
HVAC Fan 0.303 0.289
Cooling Tower Fan 0.310 0.286
Chilled Water Pump 0.319 0.306
Heating Hot Water Pump 0.309 0.395
Education - University Condenser Water Pump 0.319 0.306
HVAC Fan 0.303 0.289
Cooling Tower Fan 0.310 0.286
Chilled Water Pump 0.319 0.306
Heating Hot Water Pump 0.309 0.395
Grocery Condenser Water Pump 0.319 0.306
HVAC Fan 0.303 0.289
Cooling Tower Fan 0.310 0.286
Chilled Water Pump 0.294 0.285
Heating Hot Water Pump 0.331 0.429
Health/Medical - Hospital Condenser Water Pump 0.294 0.285
HVAC Fan 0.278 0.269
Cooling Tower Fan 0.279 0.268
Chilled Water Pump 0.294 0.285
Heating Hot Water Pump 0.331 0.429
Health/Medical - Nursing Home Condenser Water Pump 0.294 0.285
HVAC Fan 0.278 0.269
Cooling Tower Fan 0.279 0.268
Variable Frequency Drives (For HVAC Applications) 143

Building Type Motor Usage Group Zone 5 Zone 6
Chilled Water Pump 0.294 0.285
Heating Hot Water Pump 0.331 0.429
Lodging- Hotel Condenser Water Pump 0.294 0.285
HVAC Fan 0.278 0.269
Cooling Tower Fan 0.279 0.268
Chilled Water Pump 0.319 0.306
Heating Hot Water Pump 0.309 0.395
Lodging - Motel Condenser Water Pump 0.319 0.306
HVAC Fan 0.303 0.289
Cooling Tower Fan 0.310 0.286
Chilled Water Pump 0.317 0.303
Heating Hot Water Pump 0.307 0.396
Manufacturing - Light Industrial Condenser Water Pump 0.317 0.303
HVAC Fan 0.300 0.287
Cooling Tower Fan 0.307 0.280
Chilled Water Pump 0.319 0.305
Heating Hot Water Pump 0.307 0.395
Office- Large Condenser Water Pump 0.319 0.305
HVAC Fan 0.302 0.289
Cooling Tower Fan 0.309 0.285
Chilled Water Pump 0.319 0.305
Heating Hot Water Pump 0.307 0.395
Office- Small Condenser Water Pump 0.319 0.305
HVAC Fan 0.302 0.289
Cooling Tower Fan 0.309 0.285
Chilled Water Pump 0.319 0.306
Heating Hot Water Pump 0.309 0.395
Restaurant-Sit Down Condenser Water Pump 0.319 0.306
HVAC Fan 0.303 0.289
Cooling Tower Fan 0.310 0.286
Chilled Water Pump 0.319 0.306
Heating Hot Water Pump 0.309 0.395
Restaurant- Fast Food Condenser Water Pump 0.319 0.306
HVAC Fan 0.303 0.289
Cooling Tower Fan 0.310 0.286
Chilled Water Pump 0.319 0.306
Heating Hot Water Pump 0.309 0.395
Retail -3 Story Condenser Water Pump 0.319 0.306
HVAC Fan 0.303 0.289
Cooling Tower Fan 0.310 0.286
Retail -Single Story Chilled Water Pump 0.319 0.306
Heating Hot Water Pump 0.309 0.395
Variable Frequency Drives (For HVAC Applications) 144

Building Type Motor Usage Group Zone 5 Zone 6
Condenser Water Pump 0.319 0.306
HVAC Fan 0.303 0.289
Cooling Tower Fan 0.310 0.286
Chilled Water Pump 0.319 0.306
Heating Hot Water Pump 0.309 0.395
Retail —Small Condenser Water Pump 0.319 0.306
HVAC Fan 0.303 0.289
_ Cooling Tower Fan 0.310 0.286
Chilled Water Pump 0.317 0.303
Heating Hot Water Pump 0.307 0.396
Storage— Conditioned Condenser Water Pump 0.317 0.303
HVAC Fan 0.300 0.287
Cooling Tower Fan 0.307 0.280
Variable Frequency Drives (For HVAC Applications) 145

2.18. Water-Side Economizers
The following algorithms and assumptions are applicable to water-side economizer units installed
in commercial spaces. This measure applies to projects which represent either equipment retrofit
or new construction (including major renovations).
Table 2-125 summarizes the `typical' expected (per combined chillers tonnage) unit energy
impacts for this measure. Typical values are based on algorithms and stipulated values described
below and data from past program participants.
Table 2-125 Typical Savings Estimates for Water-Side Economizers
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Ton (Chillers) Ton (Chillers)
Average Unit Energy Savings 153 kWh 153 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0 kW 0 kW
Expected Useful Life 10 Years 10 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $ 725.82 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $ 725.82
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
2.18.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
Eligibility is determined by the installed cooling system. A water cooled chilled water plant must
be present and a separate cooling tower installed dedicated to providing free cooling to the chilled
water loop. The installed water-side economizer shall comply with IECC 2018 section C403.5.4
and have a design capacity to provide 100 percent of the system cooling load at temperatures of
no greater than 50 °F dry bulb and 40 'F wet bulb.
2.18.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
Baseline equipment for this measure is determined by the nature of the project. There are two
possible scenarios: retrofit (early replacement) or new construction. For both cases the assumed
baseline is a water cooled chilled water plant with no water-side free cooling capabilities.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
If the project is adding water-side economizing capabilities to a pre-existing chilled water system,
then it is considered a retrofit except when the project involves an expansion of capacity of the
chilled water plant.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
Water-side economizer additions on new chilled water plants and on pre-existing plants
undergoing expansion are considered new construction for the purposes of this measure.
Recently Idaho adopted IECC 2018 as the energy efficiency standard for new construction. Part
of IECC 2018 code compliance is that chilled-water systems greater than 1,320,000 Btu/h and
district chilled-water systems greater than 1,720,000 Btu/h require either air or water side
Water-Side Economizers 146

economizer control. Projects that exceed the stated size without an air-side economizer are not
eligible for this measure. Exceptions are listed in Appendix B section 4.2.
2.18.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
OkWh = Capsupplanted * LkWh/Ton
2.18.4. Definitions
OkWh Expected energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
OkWh/Ton Per unit energy savings as stipulated by weather zone.
Capsupplanted The combined rated capacities of all the chillers supplanted by the water-side
economizer.
2.18.5. Sources
California DEER Prototypical Simulation models (modified), eQUEST-DEER 3-5002E13
IECC 2018
2010-2012 WOO17 Ex Ante Measure Cost Study Final Report.
2.18.6. Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
Table 2-126 Water Side Economizer Savings14
Building Type Zone 5 (AkWh/Ton) Zone 6 (AkWh/Ton)
Community College 57.8 69.7
University 137.8 153.5
Hospital 341.8 323.0
Large Office 76.2 84.4
3-Story Retail 93.9 96.2
Average 141.5 145.3
13 Prototypical building energy simulations were used to generate Idaho specific kWh savings for various buildings.
"'See"18-Typical Cal cs_WaterEcono_v2.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy savings.
Water-Side Economizers 147

2.19. Kitchen: Refrigerators/Freezers
The following algorithms and assumptions are applicable to the installation of a new reach-in
commercial refrigerator, or freezer meeting ENERGY STAR 4.0 efficiency standards. ENERGY
STAR labeled commercial refrigerators and freezers are more energy efficient because they are
designed with components such as ECM evaporator and condenser fan motors, hot gas anti-
sweat heaters, and/or high-efficiency compressors, which will significantly reduce energy
consumption.
Table 2-127 and Table 2-128 summarize `typical' expected (per unit) energy impacts for this
measure can be found. Typical values are based on the algorithms and stipulated values
described below.1' Note, there is not a difference between new construction and retrofit because
the retrofit baseline is at least as efficient as that required by federal equipment standards.
Table 2-127 Typical Savings Estimates for ENERGY STAR Refrigerators (< 30 ft3)116
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Refrigerator Refrigerator
Average Unit Energy Savings 208 kWh 208 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 22 W 22 W
Expected Useful Life 12 Years 12 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $2,905 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $537
Stacking Effect End-Use Refrigeration
Table 2-128 Typical Savings Estimates for ENERGY STAR Refrigerators (>_ 30 ft3)
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Refrigerator Refrigerator
Average Unit Energy Savings 463 kWh 463 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 50 W 50 W
Expected Useful Life 12 Years 12 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $2,905 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $1,350
Stacking Effect End-Use Refrigeration
"s See spreadsheet"19-TypicalCalcs_Kitch Frig Frzrlce_v3.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit
energy savings,EUL,and incremental costs.
16 These numbers do not include chest refrigerators.Inclusion of chest refrigerators would increase the`typical'savings estimates.
Kitchen: Refrigerators/Freezers 148

Table 2-129 Typical Savings Estimates for ENERGY STAR Freezers (< 30 ft3)
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Freezer Freezer
Average Unit Energy Savings 337 kWh 337 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 36 W 36 W
Expected Useful Life 12 Years 12 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $3,718 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $653
Stacking Effect End-Use Refrigeration
Table 2-130 Typical Savings Estimates for ENERGY STAR Freezers (>_ 30 ft3)
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Freezer Freezer
Average Unit Energy Savings 994 kWh 994 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 56 W 56 W
Expected Useful Life 12 Years 12 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $3,718 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $1,729
Stacking Effect End-Use Refrigeration
2.19.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
The eligible equipment is a new commercial vertical solid, glass door refrigerator or freezer, or
vertical chest freezer meeting the minimum ENERGY STAR 4.0 efficiency level standards.
2.19.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
The baseline equipment used to establish energy savings estimates for this measure is
established by the Regional Technical Forum (RTF). The RTF uses an existing solid or glass door
refrigerator or freezer meeting the minimum federal manufacturing standards effective as of
March 27, 2017. The RTF sources a market potential study for and uses a baseline that is more
efficient than code. Consequently, there is no distinction between baselines for new construction
and retrofit projects.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
See explanation above.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
See explanation above.
Kitchen: Refrigerators/Freezers 149

2.19.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
AkWh = AkWh/Unit * N,,,;ts
AkW = AkW/Unit * N,,,its
= AkWh/Unit * CF / Hours
2.19.4. Definitions
AkWh Expected energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
AkW Demand energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
kWh/Unit Per unit energy savings as stipulated in Table 2-131 and Table 2-132.
kW/Unit Per unit demand savings.
AkW/Unit; Unit demand savings for combination of type, harvest rate, and/or volume.
CF Coincidence Factor = 0.937
Hours Annual operating hours = 8760
Nunits Number of refrigerators or freezers
2.19.5. Sources
Regional Technical Forum measure workbooks:
http://rtf.nwcounci1.org/measures/com/ComFreezer—v3.xlsm &
http://rtf.nwcouncil.org/measures/com/ComRefrigerator_v3.xlsm
Regional Technical Forum measure workbook:
https://nwcounci1.box.com/v/ComRefrigeratorFreezerv4-2
Illinois TRM Version 8.0
ENERGY STAR Certified Commercial Refrigerators and Freezers Database
2.19.6. Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
Kitchen: Refrigerators/Freezers 150

Table 2-131 Unit Energy and Demand Savings for Units less than 15 cu.ft
Measure Category Energy Savings Peak Reduction
(kWh/yr) A
Solid Door Refrigerator 229 24.46
Glass Door Refrigerator 168 17.96
Chest Refrigerator(Solid) 230 24.6
Chest Refrigerator(Glass) 43 4.63
Solid Door Freezers 204 21.77
Glass Door Freezers 335 35.85
Chest Freezer(Solid) 220 23.48
Chest Freezer(Glass) N/A N/A
Table 2-132 Unit Energy and Demand Savings for Units 15 to 30 cu.ft.
Measure Category Energy Savings Peak Reduction
(kWh/yr) (W)
Solid Door Refrigerator 260 27.77
Glass Door Refrigerator 295 31.6
Chest Refrigerator(Solid) 230 24.6
Chest Refrigerator(Glass) N/A N/A
Solid Door Freezers 404 43.19
Glass Door Freezers 632 67.63
Chest Freezer(Solid) 229 24.49
Chest Freezer(Glass) N/A N/A
Table 2-133 Unit Energy and Demand Savings for Units 30 to 50 cu.ft.
Measure Category Energy Savings Peak Reduction
(kWh/yr) A
Solid Door Refrigerator 250 26.74
Glass Door Refrigerator 564 60.37
Chest Refrigerator(Solid) N/A N/A
Chest Refrigerator(Glass) N/A N/A
Solid Door Freezers 468 50.1
Glass Door Freezers 1113 119.03
Chest Freezer(Solid) N/A N/A
Chest Freezer(Glass) N/A N/A
Kitchen: Refrigerators/Freezers 151

Table 2-134 Unit Energy and Demand Savings for Units greater than 50 cu.ft.
Measure Category Energy Savings Peak Reduction
(kWh/yr) A
Solid Door Refrigerator 445 47.55
Glass Door Refrigerator 594 63.5
Chest Refrigerator(Solid) N/A N/A
Chest Refrigerator(Glass) N/A N/A
Solid Door Freezers 785 83.94
Glass Door Freezers 1610 172.24
Chest Freezer(Solid) N/A N/A
Chest Freezer(Glass) N/A N/A
Table 2-135 List of Incremental Cost Data for Refrigerators and Freezers.
Equipment Type Federal Cost Energy Star Incremental
Cost Cost
Vertical Transparent Door Refrigerator $3,216 $4,430 $1,214
Vertical Transparent Door Freezer $4,395 $6,013 $1,617
Vertical Solid Door Refrigerator $1,913 $3,099 $1,186
Vertical Solid Door Freezer $2,322 $3,812 $1,490
Horizontal Transparent Door Refrigerator $964 $1,468 $504
Horizontal Transparent Door Freezer $1,047 $1,718 $670
Horizontal Solid Door Refrigerator $783 $1,186 $404
Horizontal Solid Door Freezer $796 $1,330 $534
From RTF Workbook: http://rtf.nwcouncil.org/measures/com/ComRefrigeratorFreezer_v4_2
Kitchen: Refrigerators/Freezers 152

2.20. Kitchen: Ice Machines
The following algorithms and assumptions are applicable to the installation of a new commercial
ice machine meeting ENERGY STAR 3.0 efficiency standards. The ENERGY STAR label is
applied to air-cooled, cube-type ice machines including ice-making head, self-contained, and
remote-condensing units.
Table 2-136 and Table 2-137 summarize the `typical' expected (per unit) energy impacts for this
measure. Typical values are based on the algorithms and stipulated values described below. "s
Note there is not a difference between new construction and retrofit because the retrofit baseline
is at least as efficient as that required by federal equipment standards.
Table 2-136 Typical Savings Estimates for Ice Machines (<200 lbs/day)
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Machine Machine
Average Unit Energy Savings 285 kWh 285 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.05 kW 0.05 kW
Expected Useful Life 9 Years 9 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $2,775 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $311
Stacking Effect End-Use n/a
Table 2-137 Typical Savings Estimates for Ice Machines (>_200 lbs/day)
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Machine Machine
Average Unit Energy Savings 2608 kWh 2608 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.49 kW 0.49 kW
Expected Useful Life 9 Years 9 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $3,130 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $311
Stacking Effect End-Use n/a
2.20.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
The eligible equipment is a new commercial ice machine meeting the minimum ENERGY STAR
3.0 efficiency level standards.
78 See spreadsheet"20-Typical Cal cs_KitchIceMcn_v3.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy
savings,EUL,and incremental costs.
Kitchen: Ice Machines 153

2.20.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
The baseline condition for retrofit and new construction is established by the RTF. The RTF uses
a commercial ice machine meeting federal equipment standard effective January 1, 2018. The
RTF sources a market potential study for and uses a baseline that is more efficient than code.
Consequently, there is no distinction between baselines for new construction and retrofit projects.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
See explanation above.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
See explanation above.
2.20.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
OkWh = OkWh/Unit * Nunrrs
_ [(kWhbase— kWhInstalled) /100 * H * DC * 365.25] * Nunits
OkW = OkW/Unit * Nunits
= OkWh/Unit;,;,, * CIF / Hours
2.20.4. Definitions
OkWh Expected energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
OkW Demand energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
OkWh/Unit Per unit energy savings as stipulated in Table 2-138.
OkW/Unit Per unit demand savings as stipulated in Table 2-138.
kWh ba.11,statled Daily energy usage per 100 pounds of ice for base (baseline) or
installed ice machines.
AkWhwastewater Annual savings from reduced water usage.
CF Coincidence Factor = 0.919
H Harvest Rate (pounds of ice made per day)
19 From SDGE Workpaper:WPSDGENRCC0004 Revision 3
Kitchen: Ice Machines 154

DC Duty Cycle of the ice Machine120
Nunits Number of refrigerators or freezers
2.20.5.Sources
■ Regional Technical Forum measure workbooks:
http://rtf.nwcouncil.org/measures/com/ComlceMaker v1_2.xlsx
■ SDG&E Work Paper: WPSDGENRCC0004, "Commercial Ice Machines" Revision 3
■ Illinois TRM Version 8.0
■ ENERGY STAR Automatic Commercial Ice Makers Version 3.0 Specification
2.20.6. Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
Ice Making Head (IMH): automatic commercial ice makers that do not contain integral storage
bins but are generally designed to accommodate a variety of bin capacities. Storage bins entail
additional energy use not included in the reported energy consumption figures for these units.121
Remote Condensing Unit (RSU): A type of automatic commercial ice maker in which the ice-
making mechanism and condenser or condensing unit are in separate sections. This includes ice
makers with and without remote compressor.122
Self-Contained Unit (SCU): A type of automatic commercial ice maker in which the ice-making
mechanism and storage compartment are in an integral cabinet.123
120 Value from Illinois Technical Reference Manual 4.2.10
121 ENERGY STAR Automatic Commercial Ice Makers Version 3.0 Specification
122 ENERGY STAR Automatic Commercial Ice Makers Version 3.0 Specification
12'ENERGY STAR Automatic Commercial Ice Makers Version 3.0 Specification
Kitchen: Ice Machines 155

Table 2-138 Unit Energy Savings for Ice Machine121
Measure kWh per Unit kW per Unit
Savings Savings
Air-cooled Batched IMH <200 Ib 147 0.03
Air-cooled Batched IMH >_ 200 Ib 1072 0.20
Air-cooled Batched RCU < 200 Ib 215 0.04
Air-cooled Batched RCU >_200 Ib 1771 0.33
Air-cooled Batched SCU <200 Ib 320 0.06
Air-cooled Batched SCU >_200 Ib 4214 0.79
Air-cooled Continuous IMH< 200 Ib 250 0.05
Air-cooled Continuous IMH >_ 200 Ib 2620 0.49
Air-cooled Continuous RCU < 200 Ib 380 0.07
Air-cooled Continuous RCU >_200 Ib 3288 0.62
Air-cooled Continuous SCU <200 Ib 304 0.06
Air-cooled Continuous SCU >_ 200 Ib 2001 0.38
Table 2-139 Unit Incremental Cost for Ice Machines121
Harvest Rate (H) New Construction & ROB Retrofit-ER
100-200 Ib ice machine $311 $2,775
201-300 Ib ice machine $311 $2,775
301-400 Ib ice machine $266 $2,673
401-500 Ib ice machine $266 $2,673
501-1000 Ib ice machine $249 $4,561
1001-1500 Ib ice machine $589 $4,688
>1500 Ib ice machine $939 $8,130
124 Values given are based on assumed weights for harvest rates.Savings vary significantly between harvest rates.
121 Values from SDGE Workpaper:WPSDGENRCC0004 Revision 3
Kitchen: Ice Machines 156

2.21. Kitchen: Efficient Dishwashers
The measure relating to the installation of an efficient dish washer is no longer offered in the
incentive program since the Regional Technical Forum has deactivated this measure based on
current building standard practices. Refer to version 2.2 of the Idaho Power TRM for previous
assumptions.
Kitchen: Efficient Dishwashers 157

2.22. Refrigeration: Efficient Refrigerated Cases
The measure relating to the installation of efficient refrigerated case has been deemed standard
practice and is no longer offered in the incentive program. Refer to version 2.2 of the Idaho
Power TRM for previous assumptions.
Refrigeration: Efficient Refrigerated Cases 158

2.23. Refrigeration: ASH Controls
Anti-sweat heater (ASH) controls turn off door heaters when there is little or no risk of
condensation. There are two commercially available control strategies that achieve "on-off'
control of door heaters based on either: (1) the relative humidity of the air in the store or (2) the
"conductivity" of the door (which drops when condensation appears). In the first strategy, the
system activates door heaters when the relative humidity in a store rises above a specific set-
point and turns them off when the relative humidity falls below that set-point. In the second
strategy, the sensor activates the door heaters when the door conductivity falls below a certain
set-point and turns them off when the conductivity rises above that set-point. Without controls,
anti-sweat heaters run continuously whether they are necessary or not. Savings are realized from
the reduction in energy used by not having the heaters running continuously. In addition,
secondary savings result from reduced cooling load on the refrigeration unit when the heaters are
off.
The following algorithms and assumptions are applicable to ASH controls installed on commercial
glass door coolers and freezers.
Table 2-140 summarizes the `typical' expected (per linear ft. of case) energy impacts for this
measure. Typical values are based on the algorithms and stipulated values described below.
Table 2-140 Typical Savings Estimates for ASH Controls126
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit linear ft. of case_ n/a
Average Unit Energy Savings 256 kWh n/a
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 29.2 W n/a
Expected Useful Life _ 8 Years n/a
Average Material & Labor Cost $ 77.26127 n/a
Average Incremental Cost _ n/a n/a
Stacking Effect End-Use Refrigeration
2.23.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
The eligible equipment is assumed to be a door heater control on a commercial glass door cooler
or refrigerator utilizing humidity or conductivity control. This does not apply to special doors with
low/no anti-sweat heat.
2.23.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
There are two possible project baseline scenarios — retrofit and new construction. This measure
currently only addresses the retrofit scenario.
126 See spreadsheet "23-TypicalCalcs_ASH_v4.xlsx" for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy
savings,expected useful life,and incremental costs.
127 The cost is based on the most recent Regional Technical Forum Measure Workbook for this measure:
http://rtf.nwcounci1.org/measures/Com/ComGroceryAntiSweatHeaters_v4.3.xIsm.
Refrigeration: ASH Controls 159

Retrofit (Early Replacement)
The baseline condition is assumed to be a commercial glass door cooler or refrigerator with a
standard heated door with no controls installed.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
New construction is not eligible for this measure as this measure is assumed to be standard
practice.
2.23.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
OkWh = [ (WInsta11ed * Fwaste * 3.413 * 8760 * Fs,,/ ( EER * DF * 1000 )) + (Winstaued
* 8760 * Fs,,/ 1000 ) ] * L
OkW = OkWh / 8760
2.23.4. Definitions
OkWh Expected energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
OkW Expected demand reduction between baseline and installed equipment.
Wlnstalled Connected load (kW)for typical reach-in refrigerator or freezer door and frame with
a heater.
L Length of the cases in linear feet.
EER Energy Efficiency Ratio for the annual average refrigeration system.
DF Degradation Factor accounts for the refrigeration and HVAC systems ages,
condenser cleanliness and condition, and evaporative or air cooled condenser.
Fwaste Waste Heat Factor. Defined as the percentage of ASH energy use that is converted
into heat in the case and must be removed by the refrigeration system. Stipulated
values for this figure are provided in Table 2-141.
Fsav ASH run-time reduction Factor. Stipulated values for this figure are provided in
Table 2-141.
2.23.5. Sources
June 2001 edition of ASHRAE Journal
Refrigeration: ASH Controls 160

■ Regional Technical Forum, Measure Workbooks
http://rtf.nwcouncil.org/measures/com/ComGroceryAntiSweatHeaterControls_v4.3.xlsm
■ PG&E Work Paper PGEREF108: Anti-Sweat Heat (ASH) Control
2.23.6. Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
Table 2-141 Connected Load for Typical Reach-In Case121
Case Type kWBase EER DF Fwaste Fsav AW/linear AkWh/linear
ft. case ft. case
Low Temperature 55.20 4.10 0.98 35% 47% 33.4 292
Medium Temperature 23.68 10.56 0.98 35% 95% 25.1 220
Average 39.44 7.33 0.98 35% 71% 29.2 256
12' The values are based on the most recent Regional Technical Forum Measure Workbook for this measure.
http://rtf.nwcounci1.org/measures/Com/ComGroceryAntiSweatHeaters_v4.3.xIsm
Refrigeration: ASH Controls 161

2.24. Refrigeration: Auto-Closer
Auto-closers on freezers and coolers can reduce the amount of time that doors are open, thereby
reducing infiltration and refrigeration loads.
The following algorithms and assumptions are applicable to auto-closers installed on reach-in and
walk-in coolers and freezers.
Table 2-142 through Table 2-145 summarize the `typical' expected (per door) energy impacts for
this measure. Typical values are based on the algorithms and stipulated values described below.
129
Table 2-142 Typical Savings Estimates for Auto-Closers (Walk-In, Low-Temp)
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Door n/a�
Average Unit Energy Savings 2,509 kWh n/a
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.27 kW n/a
Expected Useful Life 8 Years n/a
Average Material & Labor Cost $736 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a n/a
Stacking Effect End-Use Refrigeration
Table 2-143 Typical Savings Estimates forAuto-Closers (Walk-In, Med-Temp)
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Door n/a
Average Unit Energy Savings 562 kWh n/a
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.14 kW n/a
Expected Useful Life 8 Years n/a
Average Material & Labor Cost $736 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a n/a
Stacking Effect End-Use Refrigeration
121 See spreadsheet"24-TypicalCalcs_AutoCloser_v4.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy
savings and incremental costs.
Refrigeration: Auto-Closer 162

Table 2-144 Typical Savings Estimates forAuto-Closers (Reach-In, Low-Temp)
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Door n/a
Average Unit Energy Savings 326 kWh n/a
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.04 kW n/a
Expected Useful Life 8 Years n/a
Average Material & Labor Cost $736 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a n/a
Stacking Effect End-Use Refrigeration
Table 2-145 Typical Savings Estimates for Auto-Closers (Reach-In, Med-Temp)
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit ,. Door n/a
Average Unit Energy Savings 243 kWh n/a
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.04 kW n/a
Expected Useful Life 8 Years n/a
Average Material & Labor Cost $ 736 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a n/a
Stacking Effect End-Use Refrigeration
2.24.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
The eligible equipment is an auto-closer that must be able to firmly close the door when it is within
one inch of full closure.
2.24.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
There are two possible project baseline scenarios — retrofit and new construction. This measure
currently only addresses the retrofit scenario.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
The baseline equipment is doors not previously equipped with functioning auto-closers and
assumes the walk-in doors have strip curtains. Walk-in doors without strip curtains are still
available to apply for this measure incentive but there is no additional savings calculated based
on the lack of strip curtains. Additionally, walk-in doors without auto-closers and strip curtains can
apply for both Refrigeration: Auto Closers AND Refrigeration Strip Curtains without any interactive
effect penalty.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
New construction is not eligible for this measure as this measure is assumed to be standard
practice.
Refrigeration: Auto-Closer 163

2.24.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
OkWh = OkWh/Unit * Nur,tts
OkW = AkW/Unit * Nunrts
2.24.4. Definitions
OkWh Expected energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
OkW Expected demand reduction between baseline and installed equipment.
OkWh/Unit Unit energy savings estimates. Stipulated values for this input are
provided in Table 2-146 based on case type and temperature.
OkW/Unit Unit demand savings estimates. Stipulated values for this input are
provided in Table 2-146 based on case type and temperature.
Nunits Number of doors onto which this measure is installed.
2.24.5. Sources
Regional Technical Forum, Measure Workbooks
http://rtf.nwcounci1.org/measures/com/ComGroceryAutoCloser—v1-2.xlsm
http://rtf.nwcouncil.org/measures/com/ComGroceryDisplayCaseECMs—v2-2.xlsm
Workpaper PGECOREF110.7 —Auto-Closers for Main Cooler or Freezer Doors
DEER Measure Cost Summary:
http://www.deeresources.com/deer09l 1 planning/downloads/DEER2008_Costs_ValuesA
ndDocumentation-080530Revl.zip
2.24.6. Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
Table 2-146 Unit Energy and Demand Savings Estimates
Case Temperature AkWh/Unit AkW/Unit
Low Temperature (Reach-in) 326 0.04
Medium Temperature (Reach-in) 243 0.04
Low Temperature (Walk-in) 2,509 0.27
Medium Temperature (Walk-in) 562 0.14
Refrigeration: Auto-Closer 164

2.25. Refrigeration: Condensers
The following algorithms and assumptions are applicable to efficient air and evaporative cooled
refrigeration condensers. Condensers can be oversized to take maximum advantage of low
ambient dry-bulb (for air-cooled) or wet-bulb (for evaporative cooled) temperatures.
Table 2-147 summarizes the `typical' expected (per ton) energy impacts for this measure. Typical
values are based on the algorithms and stipulated values described below.
Table 2-147 Summary Deemed Savings Estimates for Efficient Refrigeration Condenser
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Ton ton
Average Unit Energy Savings 120 kWh 114 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.118 kW 0.112 kW
Expected Useful Life 15 Years 15 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $ 912130 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $ 192131
Stacking Effect End-Use Refrigeration
2.25.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
Efficient condenser retrofits must have floating head pressure controls, staged or VSD controlled
fans, must operate with subcooling of 50F or more at design conditions and have a TD of 80F of
less for low-temp systems, 13°F or less for med-temp systems and 18°F or less for evaporative
condensers.
2.25.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
Baseline equipment for this measure is determined by the nature of the project. There are two
possible scenarios: retrofit (early replacement) or new construction.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
The baseline equipment for retrofit projects is the existing condenser coil in a properly working
and maintained condition.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
The baseline equipment for new construction projects is defined to be a properly working and
maintained condenser coil with all required fan and head pressure controls as defined by the local
energy codes and standards.
3o SWCR022 Version 1 Refrigeration Efficient Adiabatic Condenser
31 SWCR022 Version 1 Refrigeration Efficient Adiabatic Condenser
Refrigeration: Condensers 165

2.25.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
AkWh = AkWh/Unit * Nunrts
AkW = AkW/Unit * N,,,its
2.25.4. Definitions
AkWh Expected energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
AkW Expected demand reduction between baseline and installed equipment.
AkWh/Unit Per unit energy savings as stipulated in Table 2-148.
AkW/Unit Per unit demand savings as stipulated in Table 2-148.
Nunirs Number of condensers installed on individual systems
2.25.5. Sources
Ameren Missouri Technical Resource Manual Version 2.0
SWCR022 Version 1 Refrigeration Efficient Adiabatic Condenser
DEER 2011 database
2.25.6. Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
Table 2-148 Unit Energy Savings for Efficient Refrigeration Condenser132
Measure kWh/Ton kW/Ton
Energy Efficient Condenser- Retrofit 120 0.118
Energy Efficient Condenser—New Construction 114 0.112
112 From Ameren Missouri Technical Resource Manual
Refrigeration: Condensers 166

2.26. Refrigeration: Controls
Floating-head pressure controls take advantage of low outside air temperatures to reduce the
amount of work for the compressor by allowing the head pressure to drop and rise along with
outdoor conditions. Dropping the head pressure during low outdoor ambient temperature
conditions (less than 70 degrees F) reduces compressor energy consumption and overall runtime.
Floating suction pressure requires controls to reset refrigeration system target suction
temperature based on refrigerated display case or walk-in temperature, rather than operating at
a fixed suction temperature set-point. This also reduces compressor energy consumption and
overall runtime.
Table 2-149 through Table 2-151 the `typical' expected (per unit)energy impacts for this measure.
Typical values are based on the algorithms and stipulated values described below.
Table 2-149 Typical Savings Estimates for Floating Suction Pressure Controls (Only)
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit HP HP
Average Unit Energy Savings 104 kWh 77 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 19 W low
Expected Useful Life 16 Years 16 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $86.91 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $53.75
Stacking Effect End-Use Refrigeration
Table 2-150 Typical Savings Estimates for Floating Head Pressure Controls (Only)
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit HP HP
Average Unit Energy Savings 440 kWh 225 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 17 W 11 W
Expected Useful Life 16 Years 16 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $311.90 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $171.90
Stacking Effect End-Use Refrigeration
Refrigeration: Controls 167

Table 2-151 Typical Savings Estimates for Floating Head and Suction Pressure Controls
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit HP HP
Average Unit Energy Savings 544 kWh 302 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 36 W 21 W
Expected Useful Life 16 Years 16 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $398.81 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $225.65
Stacking Effect End-Use Refrigeration
2.26.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
Refrigeration systems having compressors with motors rated 1 horsepower or larger are eligible.
A head pressure control valve (flood-back control valve) must be installed to lower minimum
condensing head pressure from fixed position (180 psig for R-22; 210 psig for R-404a) to a
saturated pressure equivalent to 70 degrees F or less. Either a balanced-port or electronic
expansion valve that is sized to meet the load requirement at a 70 degree condensing temperature
must be installed. Alternatively, a device may be installed to supplement refrigeration feed to each
evaporator attached to condenser that is reducing head pressure. Equipment eligibility is based
on the requirements stated in the most recent Reginal Technical Forum measure for Floating
Head Pressure Controls and should be referenced for me details on eligible equipment.
2.26.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
There are two possible project baseline scenarios — retrofit and new construction.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
The baseline equipment for retrofit projects is the existing refrigeration system without floating
head and/or suction pressure controls.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
The baseline equipment for New Construction projects is a refrigeration system meeting current
federal energy efficiency requirements and without floating head and/or suction pressure controls.
Recently Idaho adopted IECC 2018 as the energy efficiency standard for new construction. IECC
2018 standards now requires that compressors include a floating suction pressure control logic
and therefore are not eligible for that part of this measure savings.
Exception: Controls are not required for the following:
• Single-compressor systems that do not have variable capacity capability.
• Suction groups that have a design saturated suction temperature of 30' F or higher,
suction groups that comprise the high stage of a two-stage or cascade system, or
suction groups that primarily serve chillers for secondary cooling fluids.
Refrigeration: Controls 168

2.26.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
AkWh = AkWh/Unit * Cap
AkW = AkW/Unit* Cap
2.26.4. Definitions
AkWh Expected energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
AkW Expected demand reduction between baseline and installed equipment.
AkWh/Unit Per unit energy savings as stipulated in Table 2-152 and Table 2-153
according to building type, building vintage, and baseline refrigeration
system type.
AW/Unit Per unit demand savings (in Watts) as stipulated in Table 2-152 and
Table 2-153 according to building type, building vintage, and baseline
refrigeration system type.
Cap The capacity (in Tons) of the refrigeration system(s) onto which controls
are being installed.
2.26.5. Sources
■ DEER Database for Energy-Efficient Resources. Version 2011 4.01
■ DEER Measure Cost Summary:
http://www.deeresources.com/deer09l 1 plan ning/downloads/DEER2008_Costs_ValuesA
ndDocumentation_080530Rev1.zip
■ Regional Technical Forum UES workbook for Floating Head Pressure Controls:
http://rtf.nwcouncil.org/measures/com/ComGroceryFHPCSingleCompressor_v2_l.xls
■ I ECC 2018
2.26.6.Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
Refrigeration: Controls 169

Table 2-152 Unit Energy and Demand Savings estimates for Retrofit Projects
Measure Description AkWh/HP AW/HP
Grocery, Floating Suction Pressure 104 17.27
Grocery, Floating Head Pressure, Fixed Setpoint(air-cooled) 325 -0.81
Grocery, Floating Head Pressure, Fixed Setpoint(evap-cooled) 466 4.59
Grocery, Floating Head Pressure, Variable Setpoint(air-cooled) 345 9.05
Grocery, Floating Head Pressure, Variable Setpoint(evap-cooled) 484 26.89
Grocery, Floating Head Pressure, Variable Setpt& Speed (air-cooled) 520 21.90
Grocery, Floating Head Pressure, Variable Setpt& Speed (evap-cooled) 515 30.85
Ref Warehse, Floating Suction Pressure 115 57.89
Ref Warehse, Floating Head Pressure, Fixed Setpoint(evap-cooled) 351 45.10
Ref Warehse, Floating Head Pressure, Variable Setpoint(evap-cooled) 351 45.10
Ref Warehse, Floating Head Pressure, Variable Setpt & Speed (evap- 467 45.10
cooled)
Table 2-153 Unit Energy and Demand Savings estimates for New Construction Projects
Measure Description AkWh/HP _ AW/HP
Grocery, Floating Suction Pressure 78 9.62
Grocery, Floating Head Pressure, Fixed Setpoint(air-cooled) 120 0.00
Grocery, Floating Head Pressure, Fixed Setpoint(evap-cooled) 184 -23.55
Grocery, Floating Head Pressure, Variable Setpoint(air-cooled) 169 16.24
Grocery, Floating Head Pressure, Variable Setpoint(evap-cooled) 190 0.62
Grocery, Floating Head Pressure, Variable Setpt&Speed (air-cooled) 411 63.16
Grocery, Floating Head Pressure, Variable Setpt& Speed (evap-cooled) 226 4.96
Ref Warehse, Floating Suction Pressure 70 12.31
Ref Warehse, Floating Head Pressure, Fixed Setpoint(evap-cooled) 352 28.06
Ref Warehse, Floating Head Pressure, Variable Setpoint(evap-cooled) 352 28.06
Ref Warehse, Floating Head Pressure, Variable Setpt & Speed (evap- 438 28.06
cooled)
Refrigeration: Controls 170

2.27. Refrigeration: Door Gasket
The measure relating to the installation of door gasket for refrigeration has been deemed standard
practice and is no longer offered in the incentive program. Refer to version 2.2 of the Idaho Power
TRM for previous assumptions.
2.28. Refrigerator: Evaporator Fans
This measure has been removed from the TRM because it is deemed standard practice for new
construction and for retrofit there are too many restrictions to the unit size and fitting that most
new models fail to qualify as viable replacements for existing units. This difficulty to find a
qualifying retrofit unit results in poor customer experience and reduces participation in other TRM
measures.
Refrigeration: Door Gasket 171

2.29. Refrigeration: Insulation
This measure applies to installation of insulation on existing bare suction lines (the larger diameter
lines that run from the evaporator to the compressor) that are located outside of the refrigerated
space. Insulation impedes heat transfer from the ambient air to the suction lines, thereby reducing
undesirable system superheat. This decreases the load on the compressor, resulting in
decreased compressor operating hours, and energy savings. Table 2-154 and Table 2-155
summarize the `typical' expected (per foot) energy impacts for this measure. Typical values are
based on the algorithms and stipulated values described below.
Table 2-154 Typical Savings Estimates for Suction Line Insulation for Medium-Temperature
Coolers133
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Linear Foot n/a
Average Unit Energy Savings 7.5 kWh n/a
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 1.5 W n/a
Expected Useful Life 7 Years n/a
Average Material & Labor Cost $ 6.45 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a n/a
Stacking Effect End-Use Refrigeration
Table 2-155 Typical Savings Estimates for Suction Line Insulation for Low-Temperature
Freezers9..
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Linear Foot n/a
Average Unit Energy Savings 12 kWh n/a
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 2.3 W n/a
Expected Useful Life 7 Years n/a
Average Material & Labor Cost $ 7.35 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a n/a
Stacking Effect End-Use Refrigeration
2.29.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
Insulation must insulate bare refrigeration suction lines of 2-1/4 inches in diameter or less on
existing equipment only. Medium temperature lines require 3/4 inch of flexible, closed-cell, nitrite
rubber or an equivalent insulation. Low temperature lines require 1-inch of insulation that is in
compliance with the specifications above. Insulation exposed to the outdoors must be protected
from the weather (i.e. jacketed with a medium-gauge aluminum jacket).
33 From SCE Work Paper:SCE17RN003.2
34 From SCE Work Paper:SCE17RN003.2
Refrigeration: Insulation 172

2.29.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
There are two possible project baseline scenarios — retrofit and new construction. This measure
currently only addresses the retrofit scenario.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
The baseline condition is an un-insulated (bare) refrigeration suction line.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
New construction is not eligible since installation of insulation on refrigerant suction line is
standard practice.
2.29.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
OkWh = OkWh/Length * L
OkW = OkW/Length * L
2.29.4. Definitions
OkWh Expected energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
OkW Expected demand reduction between baseline and installed equipment.
OkWh/Length Energy savings per unit of length. Stipulated values for this input are listed
in Table 2-156.
OkW/Length Energy savings per unit of length. Stipulated values for this input are listed
in Table 2-156.
L Length of insulation installed.
2.29.5. Sources
■ Southern California Edison Company, "Insulation of Bare Refrigeration Suction Lines",
Work Paper SCE17RN003 Revision 2
■ Regional Technical Forum, Measure Workbooks:
http://rtf.nwcouncil.org/measures/com/ComGroceryWalkinECM—v3-1.xlsm
2.29.6. Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
Refrigeration: Insulation 173

Table 2-156 Unit Energy Savings for Suction Line Insulation115
Case Type dkW/ft dkWh/ft
Medium-Temperature Coolers 0.001548 7.5
Low-Temperature Freezers 0.00233 12
as See spreadsheet "29-TypicalCalcs_Reflns_v3.xlsx" for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy
savings and incremental costs. Unit energy savings are referenced from the DEER for California climate zone 16(which exhibits the
most similar weather to Idaho). Note that these savings do not exhibit significant sensitivity to outdoor weather.
Refrigeration: Insulation 174

2.30. Refrigeration: Night Covers
Night covers are deployed during facility unoccupied hours to reduce refrigeration energy
consumption. These types of display cases are typically found in all size grocery stores. The
inside display case air temperature for low-temperature is below 10°F, for medium-temperature
between 10°F to 30°F and for high-temperature between 30OF to 55°F. The main benefit of using
night covers on open display cases is a reduction of infiltration and radiation cooling loads. It is
recommended that these covers have small, perforated holes to decrease moisture buildup. The
following algorithms and assumptions are applicable to night covers installed on existing open-
type refrigerated display cases.
Table 2-157 summarizes the `typical' expected (per ft. of the opening width) energy impacts for
this measure. Typical values are based on the algorithms and stipulated values described below.
Table 2-157 Typical Savings Estimates for Night Covers
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit ft. of case n/a
Average Unit Energy Savings 158 kWh n/a
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.0 kW n/a
Expected Useful Life 5 Years n/a
Average Material & Labor Cost $42.20 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a n/a
Stacking Effect End-Use Refrigeration
2.30.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
The eligible equipment is assumed to be a refrigerated case with a continuous cover deployed
during overnight periods. Characterization assumes covers are deployed for six hours daily.
2.30.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
There are two possible project baseline scenarios — retrofit and new construction. This measure
currently only addresses the retrofit scenario.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
The baseline equipment is assumed to be an open refrigerated case with no continuous covering
deployed during overnight periods.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
New construction is not eligible for this measure as this measure is assumed to be standard
practice.
2.30.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
Refrigeration: Night Covers 175

OkWh = OkWh/Unit * L
OkW = 0
2.30.4. Definitions
OkWh Expected energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
OkW Defined to be zero for this measure. Demand savings are zero because
it is assumed that the covers aren't used during the peak period.
OkWh/Unit Per unit energy savings as stipulated in Table 2-158 according to case
temperature and climate zone.
2.30.5. Sources
PGE Workpaper. "Night Covers for Display Cases Revision #6", PGECOREF101 vision
6.0
DEER Measure Cost Summary:
http://www.deeresources.com/deer09l 1 planning/downloads/DEER2008_Costs_ValuesA
ndDocumentation_080530Rev1.zip
Arkansas TRM Version 8.0
2.30.6. Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
Table 2-158 Unit Energy Savings for Refrigeration: Night Covers
Case Type Savings
(kWh/ft)
Low Temperature 197
Medium Temperature 119
Refrigeration: Night Covers 176

2.31. Refrigeration: No-Heat Glass
New low/no heat door designs incorporate heat reflective coatings on the glass, gas inserted
between the panes, non-metallic spacers to separate the glass panes, and/or non-metallic frames
(such as fiberglass). This protocol documents the energy savings attributed to the installation of
special glass doors with low/no anti-sweat heaters for low temp cases. Table summarizes the
`typical' expected (per door) energy impacts for this measure. Typical values are based on the
algorithms and stipulated values described below.
Table 2-159 Typical Savings Estimates for Low/No Heat Doors13s
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Door Door
Average Unit Energy Savings 779 kWh 675 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.16 kW 0.14 kW
Expected Useful Life 12 Years 12 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $664 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $544
Stacking Effect End-Use Refrigeration
2.31.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
The eligible equipment is a no-heat/low-heat clear glass on an upright display case. It is limited
to door heights of 57 inches or more. Doors must have either heat reflective treated glass, be gas
filled, or both. This measure applies to low temperature cases only—those with a case
temperature below 0°F. Doors must have 3 or more panes. Total door rail, glass, and frame heater
wattage cannot exceed 54 Watts per door for low temperature display cases.
2.31.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
There are two possible project baseline scenarios — retrofit and new construction.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
The baseline condition is assumed to be a commercial glass door that consists of two-pane glass,
aluminum doorframes and door rails, and door and frame heaters. For the purposes of calculating
typical energy savings for this measure it is assumed that the baseline door and frame heaters
consume 214 Watts per door.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
The baseline for new construction projects is established by the typically commercial glass door
employed. For the purposes of calculating typical energy savings for this measure it is assumed
that the baseline door and frame heaters consume 193 Watts per door.
131 See spreadsheet "31-Typical Calcs_NoHeatGlass_v4.xlsx" for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit
energy savings, EUL,and incremental cost.
Refrigeration: No-Heat Glass 177

2.31.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
OkWh = OkWh/Unit * Nun,&,
OkW = OkW/Unit * Nun;ts
2.31.4. Definitions
OkWh Expected energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
OkW Expected demand reduction between baseline and installed equipment.
OkWh/Unit Per unit energy savings. Stipulated values for this input can be found in
Table 2-160.
OkW/Unit Per unit peak reduction. Stipulated values for this input can be found in
Table 2-160.
Nu,;ts Total number of doors installed.
2.31.5.Sources
■ Southern California Edison. Low ASH Display Doors Work Paper: SCE13RN018.0
■ Pacific Gas & Electric Company. Low ASH Display Doors Work Paper: PGECOREF123
Revision 3
■ Southern California Edison Company, "Insulation of Bare Refrigeration Suction Lines",
Work Paper SCE17RN003 Revision 0
■ South West Coastal Region "Low-Temperature Display Case Doors with No Anti-sweat
Heaters", SWCR002 Revision 1
■ DEER EUL/RUL Values:
http://www.deeresources.com/deer09l l planning/downloads/EUL_Summary_10-1-08.xls
2.31.6. Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
Table 2-160 Stipulated Energy and Demand Savings Estimates for "No-Heat Glass"
Baseline Measure Demand Energy
Usage Usage Savings Savings
(W/door) (W/door) (kW) (kWh/year)
Retrofit 214 54 .16 779
New Construction 193 54 .14 675
Refrigeration: No-Heat Glass 178

2.32. PC Management Software
This measure has been removed from the TRM because of the Regional Technical Forum has
deactivated this measure based on current technologies having power management software
built in to new equipment and most commercial IT departments assuming this as standard
practice.
PC Management Software 179

2.33. Variable Frequency Drives (Process Applications)
This measure has been removed from the TRM because of the large variability
associated with motor runtime and motor speed making a deemed savings value
unreliable. See sections 2.40 and 2.43 for specific process VFD savings.
Variable Frequency Drives (Process Applications) 180

2.34. Refrigeration: Automatic High Speed Doors
High speed doors are flexible doors composed of a soft material that can either roll up or bi-part
for instant access to a facility. Automatic high speed doors can provide energy savings by
decreasing the amount of time a door will remain open compared to a traditional warehouse door.
Traditional warehouse doors are generally left open for longer periods of time than necessary
since it takes extra time to open and close these doors every time. The savings potential for
automatic high speed doors is variable and depends upon its location and time left open. The
method below can be used to assess energy impacts for projects in which an automatic high
speed door is installed on a freezer or refrigerated space. Automatic high speed doors will have
an additional benefit of reduced man hours required to operate a typical door.
Table 2-161 through Table 2-163 summarizes the `typical' expected energy impacts for this
measure. Typical values are based on the algorithms and stipulated values described below.
Table 2-161 Typical Saving Estimate for Automatic High Speed Doors: Refrigerated Space to
DOck137
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit . Square Foot of . Square Foot of
Door Opening Door Opening
Average Unit Energy Savings 400 kWh 360 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.42 kW 0.38 kW
Expected Useful Life 16 Years 16 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $188 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $167
Stacking Effect End-Use Refrigeration
Table 2-162 Typical Savings Estimate for Automatic High Speed Doors: Freezer to Dock
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit i. Square Foot of Square Foot of
Door Opening Door Opening
Average Unit Energy Savings 2,812 kWh 2,531 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 2.79 kW 2.51 kW
Expected Useful Life 16 Years 16 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $188 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $167
Stacking Effect End-Use Refrigeration
131 See spreadsheet "34-TypicalCalcs_HighSpeedDoor v3.xlsx" for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit
energy savings and incremental costs.
Refrigeration: Automatic High Speed Doors 181

Table 2-163 Typical Savings Estimate for Automatic High Speed Doors: Freezer to Refrigerated
Space
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Square Foot Square Foot
Average Unit Energy Savings 2,032 kWh 1,829 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 2.02 kW 1.82 kW
Expected Useful Life 16 Years 16 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $188 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $167
Stacking Effect End-Use Refrigeration
2.34.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
Eligible equipment will replace a manual or electric door with an automatic door that will open and
close. New door controls should decrease the amount of time the door remains open throughout
the day. Savings will not be realized if doors are rarely opened or personnel are already diligent
about ensuring door is only open when needed. Qualifying automatic door closers will be able
fully open or fully close within 7.5 seconds and will remain open for less than 3 minutes.138
2.34.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
Baseline equipment are manual or electronic doors that require personnel input to open and close
the doors. Baseline door openings should either have strip curtains that block a majority of door
area or is typically closed during business hours. During times of traffic, primary doors are left
open, leaving just the strip curtains as open-doorway protection.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
The baseline equipment for retrofit projects is the existing refrigeration system and manual or
electronic warehouse doors.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
The baseline equipment for New Construction projects is a refrigeration system meeting current
federal energy efficiency requirements and manual or electronic warehouse doors.
2.34.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
OMMBtu/h = 60 * V * A * (hi_hr) * p * Dt/ CF1
38 ASHRAE,`Refrigerated—Facility Loads", in Refrigeration Handbook 2014:ASHRAE,2014,24.11 and 24.6.
Refrigeration: Automatic High Speed Doors 182

A kWh = (MMBtu/h * CF,) / (CF2 * COP)
A kW = kWh / EFLH
2.34.4. Definitions
OMMBtu/h Expected heat savings between baseline and installed equipment.
OkWh Expected energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
OkW Expected demand reduction between baseline and installed equipment.
V Face air velocity across the door opening (ft/min).
A Area of the door opening (ft2).
h; Enthalpy of the infiltration air (Btu/Ib).
hr Enthalpy of the refrigerated air (Btu/Ib).
P Air density of the refrigerated air (lb/ft3).
Dt Annual duration of time door is open (hours/year).
CF, Conversion factor 1,000,000 Btu/MMBtu.
CF2 Conversion factor 3,413 Btu/kWh.
COP Coefficient of Performance of the refrigeration system
2.34.5. Sources
■ ASH RAE Refrigeration Handbook 2010
■ Oregon State University, Energy Efficiency Center Research:
(http://eeref.engr.oregonstate.edu/Opportunity_Templates/High_Speed_Door)
■ RTF: Commercial Grocery Floating Head Pressure v2.1
2.34.6. Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
Refrigeration: Automatic High Speed Doors 183

Table 2-164 Typical Freezer and Refrigerated Space Properties
Measure Freezer Refrigerated Space
Temperature(°C) -18 0
Enthalpy(Btu/Ib) -16.2 9.477
Air Density(Ibs/ft3) 0.0863 0.0806
Retrofit COP139 1.26 2.295
New Construction COP140 1.4 2.55
139 Retrofit COP is assumed to be 10%less efficient than the new construction efficiency
10 New Construction COP is from the RTF for Commercial Grocery Floating Head Pressure
Refrigeration: Automatic High Speed Doors 184

2.35. High Volume Low Speed Fans
High Volume Low Speed (HVLS) Fans provide greater air flow for the same amount of energy
compared to a standard fan. This increased air flow provided can reduce the number of fans
necessary to properly circulate air compared to the standard fan. Circulation fans are used to
provide air movement for thermal comfort in large open spaces or an open ceiling area with partial
wall dividers. Energy savings are realized by being able to reduce the number of fans necessary
to achieve the same desired air circulation volume.
Table 2-165 summarizes the `typical' expected energy impacts for this measure. Typical values
are based on the algorithms and stipulated values described below.
Table 2-165 Typical Saving Estimate for High Volume Low Speed Fans in Unconditioned
Spaces14.
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Fan Fan
Average Unit Energy Savings 16,105 kWh 16,105 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 4.23 kW 4.23 kW
Expected Useful Life 15 Years 15 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $4,185 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $3,185
Stacking Effect End-Use n/a
Table 2-166 Typical Savings Estimate for High Volume Low Speed Fans in Conditioned
Spaces"'
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Fan Fan
Average Unit Energy Savings 17,360 kWh 17,360 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 4.56 kW 4.56 kW
Expected Useful Life 15 Years 15 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $4,185 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $3,185
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
141 See spreadsheet"35-TypicalCalcs_HVLSFans_v2.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy
savings and incremental costs.
142 See spreadsheet"35-TypicalCalcs_HVLSFans_v2.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy
savings and incremental costs.
High Volume Low Speed Fans 185

2.35.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
Eligible equipment will replace standard high speed fans with fewer high volume low speed fans.
HVLS fans should operate only during business hours (either turned off automatically or by a
manual switch) and only when needed for thermal comfort. Eligible equipment should follow
AMCA 230-15 performance testing standards and meet the minimum energy efficiency
(CFM/Watt) requirement for large diameter ceiling fans set by Electronic Code of Federal
Regulations (e-CFR) Part 430 C Energy and Water Conservation Standards. The minimum
energy efficiency is estimated with the following equation:
Minimum Energy Efficiency (CFM/Watt) = 0.91 D (inch) -30. 00143
Where:
D is the ceiling fan's blade span, in inches.
2.35.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
Baseline equipment are standard 48 inch high speed fans operating to provide thermal comfort in
an unconditioned space.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
The baseline equipment for retrofit projects are the existing standard high speed fans in
unconditioned spaces.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
The baseline equipment for New Construction projects are standard high speed fans in
unconditioned spaces.
2.35.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
A kW = (JWb— YWee)
A kWh = A kW * Hours * CIF
2.35.4. Definitions
AkWh Expected annual energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
OkW Expected demand reduction between baseline and installed equipment.
13 Title 10—Energy Electronic Code of Federal Regulations(e-CFR)430.32 Energy and water conservation standards(i)
High Volume Low Speed Fans 186

Wb Baseline fan wattage (Watts)
Wee Installed HVLS fan wattage (Watts)
Hours Total annual operating hours (hours)
CIF Cooling interactive factor (CIF=1 for unconditioned spaces)
2.35.5. Sources
Illinois TRM Version 8.0 Measure 4.1.2
Minnesota TRM Version 2.1
Pennsylvania PUC TRM
Wisconsin Focus on Energy 2019 TRM
Energy Electronic Code of Federal Regulations 430.32 - Energy and water conservation
standards
2.35.6. Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
Table 2-167 Fan Replacement Wattage by Fan Diameter
Fan Diameter(ft) HVLS Watts Baseline Fans Watts kW Savings
16 761 4124 3.36
18 850 4640 3.79
20 940 5155 4.21
22 940 5671 4.73
24 1119 6186 5.07
Table 2-168 Average Savings by Fan Diameter in Unconditioned Space
Fan Diameter Demand Savings Annual Savings
16 3.4 12,795
18 3.8 14,418
20 4.2 16,036
22 4.7 17,998
24 5.1 19,278
Average 4.23 16,105
High Volume Low Speed Fans 187

Table 2-169 Fan Hours by Building Type
Annual Hours Above 50
Building Type Operating Hours Daily Hours CZ5 CZ6
Warehouse 4746 13.00 3877 3310
Manufacturing 5200 14.25 4011 3389
Other/Misc 4576 12.54 3877 3310
Table 2-170 Estimated Savings for Conditioned Spaces
Building Type Fan kWh Fan Demand HCIF kW kWh
Savings Savings Savings Savings
Process Facility 16,105 4.23 1.05 4.44 16,910
Conditioned Warehouse 16,105 4.23 1.05 4.44 16,910
Refrigerated Warehouse (35 Degrees) 16,105 4.23 1.13 4.80 18,261
Cold Storage Warehouse (0 Degrees) 16,105 4.23 1.17 4.95 18,814
High Volume Low Speed Fans 188

2.36. HVAC Fan Motor Belts
Cogged and Synchronous fan motor belts provide greater motor transfer efficiency compared to
a standard fan belt. The cogged belt can be used directly on a standard fan motor without any
motor retrofits. Energy savings are realized by more efficiently transferring power from the fan
motor when in operation. A standard fan belt loses efficiency over time as the belt stretches and
wears down with an average of 93% energy transfer rate. The cogged fan belt takes longer to
wear out but still requires the occasional maintenance to tighten and averages a 95% energy
transfer rate. The synchronous belt is toothed and requires the fan to be retrofitted to function but
once installed it does not require the same amount of maintenance since the toothed design
prohibits slippage as the belt stretches and therefore maintains a high average of 98% energy
transfer rate.
Note, savings can only be realized if the motor speed is adjusted to run slower based on improved
belt efficiency.
Table 2-171 and Table 2-172 summarizes the `typical' expected energy impacts for this measure.
Typical values are based on the algorithms and stipulated values described below.
Table 2-171 Typical Saving Estimate for Cogged HVAC Fan Belts144
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit HP n/a
Average Unit Energy Savings 83 kWh n/a
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.02 kW n/a
Expected Useful Life145 4 years n/a
Average Material & Labor Cost $4.40 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a n/a
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
Table 2-172 Typical Saving Estimate for Synchronous HVAC Fan Belts
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit HP n/a
Average Unit Energy Savings 213 kWh n/a
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.04 kW n/a
Expected Useful Life146 4 years n/a
Average Material & Labor Cost $67 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a n/a
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
144 See spreadsheet"36-TypicalCalcs_HVACBelt_v2.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy
savings and incremental costs.
14'Expected Useful Life(EUL)is based on the typical building HVAC runtime and a belt life of 24,000 hours.
14'Expected Useful Life(EUL)is based on the typical building HVAC runtime and a belt life of 24,000 hours.
HVAC Fan Motor Belts 189

2.36.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
Eligible equipment will replace standard fan motor belts with either a cogged belt or a synchronous
belt.
2.36.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
The baseline equipment for this measure is the same for retrofit and new construction. This
measure currently only addresses the retrofit scenario.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
The baseline equipment for retrofit measure is a standard fan belt.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
New Construction is not eligible for this measure since the fan belt will be included in the HVAC
efficiency and therefore covered in the HVAC efficiency measures.
2.36.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
kWh = kW * EFLH * ESF
kW = HP * 0.746 * LF / Eff
2.36.4. Definitions
kWh Expected annual energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
kW Expected demand reduction between baseline and installed equipment.
HP Fan motor rated horsepower
LF Load factor (default 80%)
Eff Fan motor efficiency
EFLH Effective full load hours
ESF Energy savings factor based on the type of belt being installed
HVAC Fan Motor Belts 190

2.36.5.Sources
■ Gates Corporation Announces New EPDM Molded Notch V-Belts
■ Baldor, Synchronous Belt Drives Offer Low Cost Energy Savings
■ Gates, Energy Savings from Synchronous Belts
■ NREL, Replace V-Belts with Cogged or Synchronous Belt Drives
■ US Department of Energy, EERE, Replace V-Belts with Notched or Synchronous Belt
Drives
■ SWH Workpaper SWHCO24 Revision 1 Cogged-V-Belt for HVAC Fan, Commercial
■ Illinois TRM Version 8.ODEER EUL Table 2/4/2014
2.36.6.Stipulated Values
Table 2-173 Energy Savings Factor by Belt Replacement
Cogged Synchronous
ESP 2% 5.1%
Table 2-174 Typical Occupancy Hours by Building Type
DEER Building Prototype Occupancy Hours
Assembly 5,517
Education - Community College* 4,336
Education - Primary School 2,998
Education - Secondary School* 4,165
Education - University* 4,684
Education - Relocatable Classroom 3,374
Grocery 8,760
Health/Medical - Hospital * 8,760
Lodging - Hotel* 8,760
Lodging - Motel* 8,760
Manufacturing - Bio/Tech 3,664
Manufacturing - Light Industrial 3,946
Health/Medical - Nursing Home* 8,760
Office - Large* 3,547
Office - Small 3,848
Restaurant- Fast-Food 6,935
Restaurant-Sit-Down 5,111
Retail - Multistory Large* 5,155
Retail - Single-Story Large 5,508
Retail - Small 4,855
Storage - Conditioned 4,985
HVAC Fan Motor Belts 191

2.37. Refrigeration Strip Curtains
Strip curtain on walk-in freezers and coolers help keep the conditioned air inside of the space
while still allowing for easy travel through the door. Energy savings are realized by reducing that
amount of energy loss from the space which will reduce the amount of energy required by the
refrigeration cooling system.
Table 2-175 and Table 2-176 summarizes the `typical' expected energy impacts for this measure.
Typical values are based on the algorithms and stipulated values described below.
Table 2-175 Typical Saving Estimate for Freezer Strip Curtains947
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Sq ft n/a
Average Unit Energy Savings 210 kWh n/a
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 33 W n/a
Expected Useful Life 4 years n/a
Average Material & Labor Cost $9 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a n/a
Stacking Effect End-Use Refrigeration
Table 2-176 Typical Saving Estimate for Cooler Strip Curtains948
_ Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Sq ft n/a
Average Unit Energy Savings 78 kWh n/a
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 7 W n/a
Expected Useful Life 4 years n/a
Average Material & Labor Cost $9 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a n/a
Stacking Effect End-Use Refrigeration
2.37.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
Eligible equipment will replace a standard unobstructed door opening of a cooler or freezer.
2.37.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
The baseline equipment for this measure is the same for retrofit and new construction.
147 See spreadsheet"37-TypicalCalcs_StripCurtains_v2.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy
savings and incremental costs.
1411 Average savings estimate excludes the estimation for refrigerated warehouse doors since the cross area of a warehouse door is
estimated at 120 square feet compared to the standard door area of 21 square feet.
Refrigeration Strip Curtains 192

Retrofit (Early Replacement)
The baseline equipment for retrofit measure is a standard doorway without any protective barrier.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
The baseline equipment for this new construction measure is a standard doorway without any
protective barrier.
2.37.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
kWh = kWh/ft^2 * Area
kW = kWh / Hours
2.37.4. Definitions
kWh Expected annual energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
kW Expected demand reduction between baseline and installed equipment.
kWh/ft^2 Estimated energy saving per square foot of open area
Area Area of the doorway in square feet
Hours Annual operating hours and time the doorway will be open
2.37.5. Sources
■ RTF ComGroceryStripCurtain Version 2.1
2.37.6. Illinois TRM Version 8.OStipulated Values
Refrigeration Strip Curtains 193

Table 2-177 Typical Savings Parameters by Building Type
Space Type kWh/ft^2 Area kWh Savings Hours kW Savings
Grocery Store- Freezer 490 21 10,290 6,482 1.587
Grocery Store- Cooler 120 21 2,520 8,482 0.297
Convenience Store- Freezer 30 21 420 6,887 0.061
Convenience Store- Cooler 20 21 420 6,887 0.061
Restaurant- Freezer 110 21 2,310 5,509 0.419
Restaurant-Cooler 20 21 420 5,509 0.076
Refrigerated Warehouse 150 120 18,000 2,525 7.129
Refrigeration Strip Curtains 194

2.38. Electronically Commutated Motor in HVAC Units
Existing standard efficiency airflow fan motors in small HVAC units can be retrofit with high-
efficiency motors. There are four types of HVAC fan motors covered in this measure: Shaded
Pole (SP) motor, Permanent Split Capacitor (PSC) motor, Electronically Commutated Motor
(ECM), and Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM). The ECM and PMSM have the
higher efficiency and can replace the PSC or SP motor. A PSC can only replace a SP motor.
Savings are realized by requiring less energy to provide the same amount of airflow.
Table 2-178 summarizes the `typical' expected energy impacts for this measure. Typical values
are based on the algorithms and stipulated values described below.
Table 2-178 Typical Saving Estimate for Fan Motors in HVAC UnitS149 (ECM)
Retrofit Retrofit Retrofit New
(PSC to ECM) (SP to ECM) (SP to PSC) Construction
Deemed Savings Unit .. HP HP HP n/a
Average Unit Energy Savings 6,126 kWh 11,044 kWh 4,918 kWh n/a
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 1.15 kW 2.08 kW 0.93 kW n/a
Expected Useful Life 15 years 15 years 15 years n/a
Average Material & Labor Cost $255 $255 $227 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a n/a n/a n/a
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
Table 2-179 Typical Saving Estimate for Fan Motors in HVAC Units (PMSM)
Retrofit Retrofit
(PSC to (SP to New
PMSM) PMSM) Construction
Deemed Savings Unit HP HP n/a
Average Unit Energy Savings 6,587 kWh 11,504 kWh n/a
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 1.24 kW 2.17 kW n/a
Expected Useful Life 15 years 15 years n/a
Average Material & Labor Cost $224 $224 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a n/a n/a
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
2.38.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
Eligible equipment will be: an ECM replacing PSC or SP motor; an PMSM replacing PSC or SP
motor; or a PSC motor replacing a SP motor in an HVAC unit.
141 See spreadsheet"38-TypicalCalcs_HVAC_ECM_v3.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy
savings and incremental costs.
Electronically Commutate Motor in HVAC Units 195

2.38.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
The baseline equipment for this measure only addresses the retrofit option.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
The baseline equipment for this retrofit measure is a PSC or SP motor in a HVAC unit that
provides the primary cooling and ventilation airflow.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
New construction is not eligible for this measure since replacing the HVAC fan will improve the
HVAC EER value and therefore should apply for the HVAC measure.
2.38.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
kWh = kW * EFLH
kW = HP * 0.746 * LF / Eff
2.38.4. Definitions
kWh Expected annual energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
kW Expected demand reduction between baseline and installed equipment.
EFLH Effective full load hours.
HP Motor rated horsepower.
LF Motor load factor (default is 80%).
Eff Motor efficiency
2.38.5. Sources
SCE Workpaper SCE13HC040 Revision 2 Cogged V-Belt Non-Residential HVAC Fans
ECM Motors: An Energy Saving Opportunity
Electronically Commutate Motor in HVAC Units 196

2.38.6. Stipulated Values
Table 2-180 Typical Occupancy Hours by Building Type
DEER Building Prototype Occupancy Hours
Assembly 5,110
Education—Community College 3,828
Education—Primary School 2,616
Education—Secondary School 2,840
Education—University* 4,671
Education—Relocatable Classroom 5,012
Health/Medical—Hospital 8,760
Lodging—Hotel* 8,760
Lodging—Motel* 8,760
Manufacturing - Bio/Tech 3,514
Manufacturing— Light Industrial 3,514
Health/Medical—Nursing Home 8,760
Office—Large 3,974
Office—Small 3,371
Restaurant- Fast-Food 6,935
Restaurant-Sit-Down 5,110
Retail - Multistory Large 4,482
Retail - Single-Story Large 5,475
Retail —Small 4,745
Storage—Conditioned 4,707
Grocery 6,570
Table 2-181 Typical Motor Replacement Parameters
Motor Type HP LF EFLH Eff kW Energy Usage
SP 1.00 80% 5310 20% 2.98 15,846
PSC 1.00 80% 5310 29% 2.06 10,928
ECM 1.00 80% 5310 66% 0.90 4,802
PMSM 1.00 80% 5310 73% 0.82 4,341
SP to PSC Savings 0.93 4,918
SP to ECM Savings 2.08 11,044
PSC to ECM Savings 1.15 6,126
SP to PMSM Savings 2.17 11,504
PSC to PMSM Savings 1.24 6,587
Electronically Commutate Motor in HVAC Units 197

2.39. Engine Block Heater
An engine block heater warms an engine which improves the engine start up in cold weather.
Typically, an engine block heater will be plugged in during the colder months and the heater will
run continuously while connected. The engine block heater controls come in two varieties, engine
mounted and wall mounted. A wall mounted heater has a 2 hour delay when plugged in after
vehicle use since the engine is already warm enough and equipped with an outside air
temperature sensor that will only turn active the heater when the outside air temperature drops
below a certain threshold. The engine mounted heater cycles on based on the engine temperature
which makes it operate in the same manner as the wall mounted heater.
Table 2-182 and Table 2-183 summarizes the `typical' expected energy impacts for this measure.
Typical values are based on the algorithms and stipulated values described below.
Table 2-182 Typical Saving Estimate for Wall Mounted Engine Block Heater Controls150
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Unit Unit
Average Unit Energy Savings 2,738 kWh 2,738 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0 kW 0 kW
Expected Useful Life 15 years 15 years
Average Material & Labor Cost $120 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $70
Stacking Effect End-Use n/a
Table 2-183 Typical Saving Estimate for Engine Mounted Engine Block Heater Controls15,
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Unit Unit
Average Unit Energy Savings 2,352 kWh 2,352 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0 kW 0 kW
Expected Useful Life 15 years 15 years
Average Material & Labor Cost $170 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $120
Stacking Effect End-Use n/a
150 See spreadsheet"39-Typical Calcs_BlockHeater_v2.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy
savings and incremental costs.
151 See spreadsheet"39-TypicalCalcs_BlockHeater_v2.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy
savings and incremental costs.
Engine Block Heater Controls 198

2.39.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
Eligible equipment will be able to automatically cycle the heater on and off based on need instead
of running continuously. Multiple heaters can be connected to the same controller, however,
savings are based on a single unit controlled and incentives will only be paid out based on the
number of controllers installed.
2.39.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
The baseline equipment for this measure is the same for retrofit and new construction.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
The baseline equipment for retrofit is a standard engine block heater with no controls.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
The baseline equipment for new construction is a standard engine block heater with no controls.
2.39.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
kWh = kW * (EFLHBase- EFLHProp)
2.39.4. Definitions
kWh Expected annual energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
kW Expected heater demand when ON.
EFLHBase Effective full load hours of the baseline unit without automatic controls. Calculated
using TMY3 weather data, vehicle operating schedule, deemed heating season
and temperature less than 50 degrees Fahrenheit. The temperature requirement
is based on studies of when people feel it is cold enough to plug in the heater.
EFLHProp Effective full load hours of the installed engine block automatic control unit.
Calculated using TMY3 weather data, vehicle operating schedule, deemed
heating season and temperatures less 24 degrees Fahrenheit. The block heater
controls vary the power based on the outdoor air temperature as shown in Table
2-185.
2.39.5.Sources
■ RTF: Engine Block Heater Controls Version 1.2
■ Illinois TRM Version 8.0 Measure 4.1.1
Engine Block Heater Controls 199

2.39.6. Stipulated Values
Table 2-184 Typical Vehicle Hours of Operation
Vehicle Type Typical Daily Schedule
Bus 7 AM to 9 AM and
2PMto4PM
Delivery and Refuse 7 AM to 3 PM
Mass Transit 7 AM to 6 PM
Residential 9 AM to 5 PM
Table 2-185 Typical Engine Block Heater Parameters
Heater Type Heating Season Delay Start Temp Full Load Temp
Standard Nov—Mar 0 hours 50 OF 50 OF
Wall Mounted Controlled Nov—Mar 2 hours 24 OF -13 OF
Engine Mounted Controlled Nov—Mar 2 hours 40 OF -3 OF
Table 2-186 Typical Effective Full Load Hours
Baseline Wall-mounted Engine-mounted
Vehicle Type CZ5 CZ6 CZ5 CZ6 CZ5 CZ6
Bus 2,814 2,909 34 168 352 666
Delivery 2,257 2,337 33 157 328 607
Mass Transit 1,903 1,938 30 141 292 518
Residential 2,320 2,374 37 183 370 660
Engine Block Heater Controls 200

2.40. Dairy Pump VFD
A standard dairy pump will not have controls even though the milk flow is variable. Two pumps
are analyzed in this measure: milking vacuum pump and milk transfer pump. The vacuum pump
is responsible for keeping a designated negative pressure to milk the cows typically by having a
pump oversized and operating at full speed with a bleed valve to maintain the desired pressure.
A VFD on this pump will allow the motor to slow down during normal operation and then speed
up when necessary. Savings are realized by operating the pump just to meet the vacuum needs
without wasting energy through a bleed valve.
The milk transfer pump transports the collected milk into a storage unit (not include milk
processing). Since the flow of milk is not consistent this pump will typically cycle off and on
throughout the milking process to keep from running without milk present. A VFD on this pump
will allow the pump to operate continually at a decreased speed based on the amount of milk
being produced. Savings are realized from operating the pump continually at a low speed rather
than cycling off and on at full speed.
Table 2-187 and Table 2-188 summarizes the `typical' expected energy impacts for this measure.
Typical values are based on the algorithms and stipulated values described below.
Table 2-187 Typical Saving Estimate for Milking Vacuum Pump VFD152
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit HP HP
Average Unit Energy Savings 3,084 kWh 548 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.57 kW 0.21 kW
Expected Useful Life 10 years 10 years
Average Material & Labor Cost $356 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $273
Stacking Effect End-Use n/a
Table 2-188 Typical Saving Estimate for Milk Transfer Pump VFD953
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Unit Unit
Average Unit Energy Savings 11,777 kWh 7,687 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 2.34 kW 2.73 kW
Expected Useful Life 10 years 10 years
Average Material & Labor Cost $2,052 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $1,469
152 See spreadsheet"40-TypicalCalcs_DairyVFD_v2.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy
savings and incremental costs.
153 See spreadsheet"40-TypicalCalcs_DairyVFD_v2.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy
savings and incremental costs.
Dairy Pump VFD 201

Retrofit New Construction
Stacking Effect End-Use n/a
2.40.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
Eligible equipment are pumps that are directly used to create a milking vacuum or transfer milk
into storage. Only primary pumps are eligible, secondary, or backup units are not eligible. Full
replacement of an existing fixed speed pump with a new VFD driven pump is eligible for this
incentive.
2.40.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
There are two possible project baseline scenarios— retrofit and new construction.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
The baseline equipment for retrofit are standard vacuum and transfer pumps without a VFD.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
Although this measure is considered standard practice when installing a new system, typically, a
new construction facility will install equipment from a decommissioned facility instead of buy new
equipment. Therefore, this measure is included with new construction.
2.40.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
kWhsavings,np = [(HP — (0.25 * MU)) * 0.746 *DRhr * DY/ Eff] / HP
kWhsavings = kWh/unit* N
2.40.4. Definitions
kWhsavings,hp Expected annual energy savings between baseline and installed equipment
normalized per pump motor horsepower.
HP Pump motor nameplate horsepower.
0.25 Constant, HP required per milking unit.
MU Number of milking units connected to the vacuum pump.
0.746 Constant, conversion factor kW/ HP.
Dairy Pump VFD 202

DRhr Daily runtime in hours required for milking.
DY Amount of milking days per year.
Eff Pump motor nameplate efficiency.
kWhsavings Expected annual energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
kWh/unit Deemed savings associated with each milk transfer pump VFD
N Number of milk transfer pump VFDs being installed on primary pump motors.
2.40.5. Sources
DEER 2014 EUL Table 2/4/2014
Vermont TRM 1/1/2018
RTF: Dairy Milking Machines Vacuum Pump VFD Version 1.2
Work Paper: PGE3PAGR116 Revision 0: Milk Vacuum Pump VSD (Dairy Farm
Equipment)
Work Paper SCE13PRO04 Revision 2: Agricultural Milk Transfer Pump VSD
Work Paper PGE3PAGR118 Revision 0: Milk Transfer Pump VSD
2.40.6. Stipulated Values
Table 2-189 Deemed Savings for Dairy Pump VFDs
Pump Type Savings kWh/unit Demand Savings kW/unit
Transfer pump VFD 11,777 2.34
Vacuum pump VFD 43,691 0.57
Dairy Pump VFD 203

2.41. Compressed Air Measures
Compressed air in a facility can have many uses and many ways to save energy. This measure
applies to savings associated with: adding a VFD on the air compressor, installing a low pressure
drop filter, installing a no-loss condensate drain, installing an efficient spray nozzle, and installing
an efficient refrigerated compressed air dryer.
Table 2-190 through Table 2-194 summarizes the `typical' expected energy impacts for each
measure, along with a description for each measure. Typical values are based on the algorithms
and stipulated values described below154
VFD Compressor: The baseline compressor for this measure is a load/unload controller the
operates at a fixed speed to meet the desired PSI setpoint. Installing a VFD on the air compressor
allows the compressor to modulate the speed based on actual demand and save energy by
operating at a more efficient part load setting. This measure only applies to motors <200
horsepower.
Table 2-190 Typical Saving Estimate for Air Compressor VFD
_ Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit HP HP
Average Unit Energy Savings 949 kWh 949 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.15 kW 0.15 kW
Expected Useful Life 13 years 13 years
Average Material & Labor Cost $223 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $223
Stacking Effect End-Use Compressed air
Low Pressure Filter: The typical compressed air filter has a pressure drop that starts at 3 psi and
ends at 5 psi. The low pressure filter has a pressure drop that starts at 1 psi and ends at 3 psi.
Savings are realized by reducing the compressor setpoint by 2 psi to account for the lower filter
pressure drop.
154 See spreadsheet "41-Typical Calcs_CompressedAir_v2.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit
energy savings and incremental costs.
Compressed Air Measures 204

Table 2-191 Typical Savings Estimate for a Low Pressure Filter
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit HP HP
Average Unit Energy Savings 44 kWh 44 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.007 kW 0.007 kW
Expected Useful Life 10 years 10 years
Average Material & Labor Cost $10 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $10
Stacking Effect End-Use Compressed air
No-loss condensate drain: Compressed air causes the system to build up condensate that needs
to be drained occasionally. The typical drain uses the high pressure to exhaust the condensate
out but also exhaust some compressed air. A no-loss condensate drain monitors the amount of
condensate present and then exhaust only the condensate without wasting any compressed air.
Table 2-192 Typical Savings Estimate for a No-Loss Condensate Drain955
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Unit Unit
Average Unit Energy Savings 1,970 kWh 1,970 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.29 kW 0.29 kW
Expected Useful Life 10 years 10 years
Average Material & Labor Cost $244 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $194
Stacking Effect End-Use n/a
Efficient Air Nozzle: A compressed air nozzle is used to blow off parts or drying. A high-efficiency
air nozzle reduces the amount of air required, compared to a standard nozzle, to adequately
accomplish the nozzle purpose. High-efficiency air nozzles must meet a SCFM rating at 80 psig
less than or equal to: 1/8" 11 SCFM, 1/4" 29 SCFM, 5/16" 56 SCFM, and 1/2" 140 SCFM.
155 Savings are calculated using an average unit efficiency. See spreadsheet "41_Typical Calcs_CompressedAir_v2.xlsx" for
assumptions and calculation used to estimate the typical unit savings and incremental costs.
Compressed Air Measures 205

Table 2-193 Typical Savings Estimate for an Efficient Compressed Air Nozzle
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Unit Unit
Average Unit Energy Savings 2,223 kWh 2,223 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.35 kW 0.35 kW
Expected Useful Life 15 years 15 years
Average Material & Labor Cost $85 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $85
Stacking Effect End-Use n/a
Efficient Refrigerated Compressed Air Dryer: The air dryer in the compressed air cycle prevents
excess condensate from forming in the compressed air supply lines, which can damage the
system if not controlled. The baseline air dryer is a non-cycling refrigerated dryer. The efficient
refrigerated air dryer can either be: thermal mass, variable speed or digital scroll controlled.
Savings are realized during periods where the efficient dryer can turn off or operate at a lower
part load operation rather than running the whole time.
Table 2-194 Typical Saving Estimate for an Efficient Refrigerated Compressed Air Dryer
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit CFM CFM
Average Unit Energy Savings 10.62 kWh 10.62 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 1.66 W 1.66 W
Expected Useful Life 13 years 13 years
Average Material & Labor Cost $6 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $6
Stacking Effect End-Use Compressed air
2.41.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
Eligible equipment for this measure will be installed as the primary unit in the compressed air
system. The compressor VFD can be new construction or a retrofit and will be installed on the air
compressor and programmed to allow the compressor to vary in speed based on load demand.
The low pressure filter should decrease the pressure drop across the filter and then the
compressor should be adjusted to provide the same source air pressure. The no-loss condensate
drain should expel enough condensate so that none gets into the system but does not waste any
compressed air. The efficient nozzle needs to be able to deliver the same performance while
using less airflow. The efficient air dryer will be able to cycle on and off based on the part load
demand.
Compressed Air Measures 206

2.41.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
There are two possible project baseline scenarios — retrofit and new construction. This measure
currently only addresses the retrofit scenario.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
The baseline equipment for this measure is: an air compressor without VFD controls, a standard
filter, an open tube with ball valve to limit the amount of air waste, a standard air nozzle, and a
standard air dryer.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
n/a
2.41.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
VFD Air Compress: kWh = 0.9 * HP * EFLH * (CFb— CF,)
kW = kWh / EFLH * CF
Low Pressure Filter: kWh = (kWtyp * deltaP * SF * EFLH / HPtyp) * HP
kW = kWh / EFLH * CF
No-Loss Condensate Drain: kWh =CFM,oss * kWcfm * EFLH
kW = kWh / EFLH * CF
Efficient Nozzle: kWh = SCFM * %reduction * kWcfm * %use * EFLH
kW = kWh / EFLH * CF
Efficient Dryer: kWh = Ps * (ECso,base— ECso,eff) * EFLH * CFMso,cap
kW = kWh / EFLH * CF
2.41.4. Definitions
kWh Expected annual energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
kW Expected peak demand savings.
Compressed Air Measures 207

EFLH Effective full load hours of the facility in which the air compressor system will be
engaged.
HP Air compressor motor nameplate horsepower.
CFb Baseline compressor efficiency factor.
CFe Efficient compressor with VFD control efficiency factor.
kWtyp Typical industrial motor power consumption.
deltaP Change in pressure drop across the filter between baseline and installed unit.
SF Savings factor associated with decrease in filter pressure drop.
HPtyp Typical industrial motor horsepower.
CFM,oss Rate of exhaust airflow through open condensate drain.
SUM Standard nozzle airflow at 80 psi.
%reduction Percent reduction in airflow comparing the efficient nozzle to a standard nozzle.
%use Percentage of time the nozzle will be in use during operating hours.
Ps Full flow specific power usage.
EC50 Energy consumption ratio of the dryer at 50% capacity.
CFM5o,cap System rated airflow when running at 50% capacity.
CF Peak coincidence factor. Represents the %of the connected load reduction which
occurs during Idaho Power's peak period.
2.41.5.Sources
■ Workpaper SCE17PRO05 revision 0 Air Compressor VSD
■ Illinois TRM Version 8.0 Measure 4.7.1 —4.7.5
2.41.6. Stipulated Values
Compressed Air Measures 208

Table 2-195 Typical Hours of Operation and Coincidence Factor Based on Shift Schedules
Shift Type Hours/Days EFLH CIF Weight
Single Shift 8/5 1976 0.59 16%
2-Shift 16/5 3952 0.95 23%
3-Shift 24/5 5928 0.95 25%
4-Shift 24/7 8320 0.95 36%
Weighted Average 5702 0.89 100%
Table 2-196 Typical Parameters Based on Compressor Type
Compressor Type kWTyp kWcfm
Reciprocating -On/off control 70.2 0.184
Reciprocating - Load/Unload 74.8 0.136
Screw 0 load/Unload 82.3 0.152
Screw- inlet modulation 82.5 0.055
Screw- inlet modulation w/unloading 82.5 0.055
Screw-variable displacement 73.2 0.153
Screw-VSD 70.8 0.178
typical 77.56 0.107
Table 2-197 Typical Energy Consumption Ratio by Dryer Type
Dryer Type CZ5
thermal-mass 0.729
VSD 0.501
Digital Scroll 0.501
Average 0.577
Compressed Air Measures 209

2.42. Smart Power Strip
A standard power strip provides continuous power to all devices that are plugged into the power
strip. A smart power strip will cycle off all devices that are plugged into the controlled outlets based
on expected time of non-use. There are three different methods for a power strip to cycle off
controlled equipment: Motion Sensor, Load Sensor, and Timer. The motion sensor detects
movement in the room and then will turn equipment after a set amount of inactivity in the detected
space. The load sensor has a master load outlet that will control the other plugs. When the master
load power drops below a set threshold, such as when a computer is shutdown or goes into sleep
mode, then all other controlled equipment is shutdown. The load sensing circuit must be sensitive
enough to detect small changes in power consumption to correctly control the whole power strip.
A timer controls the equipment with a user defined programmed schedule. Savings are realized
by powering down all nonessential equipment during unoccupied hours. This will eliminate wasted
energy from equipment being left on as well as reducing loads produced by the small energy draw
from equipment even when they are powered off.
Table 2-198 summarizes the `typical' expected energy impacts for this measure. Typical values
are based on the algorithms and stipulated values described below.
Table 2-198 Typical Saving Estimate for Smart Power Strip Devices156
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Unit Unit
Average Unit Energy Savings 65 kWh 65 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0 kW 0 kW
Expected Useful Life 4 years 4 years
Average Material & Labor Cost $44 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $39
Stacking Effect End-Use n/a
2.42.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
Eligible equipment are power strips that are capable of automatically cutting power to all
equipment plugged into the controllable slots. Strips can be controlled with a motion sensor, load
sensor, or timer.
2.42.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
There are two possible project baseline scenarios — retrofit and new construction.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
,es See spreadsheet"42-TypicalCalcs_SmartStrip_v2.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy
savings and incremental costs.
Smart Power Strip 210

The baseline equipment for retrofit are standard power strips that do not have automatic shutoff
controls.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
The baseline equipment for new construction are standard power strips that do not have
automatic shutoff controls.
2.42.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
kWhsavings = kWhsavings/unit * N
2.42.4. Definitions
kWhsavings Expected annual energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
kWhsavings/unit Expected annual energy savings per smart strip unit installed.
N Number of units installed.
2.42.5. Sources
RTF Commercial Smart Plug Power Strips version 4.1
2.42.6. Stipulated Values
Table 2-199 Deemed Savings by Control Device
Control Device Installation Location Savings Cost$/unit
kWh/unit
Motion Sensor Office Workstation 67 $49
Load Sensor Office Workstation 133 $35
Timer Office Workstation 42 $34
Timer Office Workstation + 110 $34
Common Areas
Smart Power Strip 211

2.43. Potato and Onion Ventilation Variable Frequency Drive
When potatoes and onions are harvested, they are stored in large storage sheds that need to
have adequate ventilation to properly preserve the produce during storage. Potatoes and onions
need to be well ventilated to maintain proper temperature, provide oxygen and remove carbon
dioxide. Installing a variable frequency drive (VFD) on the ventilation fans help keep uniform
temperatures in the whole storage shed compared to cycling the ventilation fan on and off.
Savings are realized by allowing the ventilation fans to operate at lower speeds based on actual
system demands.
Table 2-200 summarizes the `typical' expected energy impacts for this measure. Typical values
are based on the algorithms and stipulated values described below.
Table 2-200 Typical Savings Estimate for Potato and Onion Ventilation VFDs157
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit HP HP
Average Unit Energy Savings 1,193 kWh 1,193 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.144 kW 0.144 kW
Expected Useful Life 10 years 10 years
Average Material & Labor Cost $264 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $264
Stacking Effect End-Use n/a
2.43.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
Eligible equipment is a variable frequency drive installed on the primary ventilation fan used to
directly control the environment in a potato or onion storage shed structure. The VFD should be
able to reduce the fan speed down to preset minimum value based on system demands.
2.43.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
There are two possible project baseline scenarios — retrofit and new construction.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
The baseline equipment for retrofit are single speed ventilation fans with only on and off cycle
ability.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
15'See spreadsheet"43-TypicalCalcs_PotatoOnionShedVFD_v1.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical
unit energy savings and incremental costs.
Potato and Onion Ventilation Variable Frequency Drive 212

The baseline equipment for new construction are single speed ventilation fans with only on and
off cycle ability.
2.43.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
kWhsavings = kWhsavings/hp * HP * N
kWsavings = kWsavings/hp * HP * N
2.43.4. Definitions
kWhsavings Expected annual energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
kWhsavings/unit Deemed annual energy savings per motor horsepower.
kWsavings Expected peak demand savings between baseline and installed equipment.
kWsavings/unit Deemed peak demand energy savings per motor horsepower.
HP Ventilation fan nameplate rated horsepower.
N Number of units installed.
2.43.5. Sources
RTF Potato/Onion Shed Variable Frequency Drives Version 3.3
2.43.6. Stipulated Values
Table 2-201 Deemed Savings Normalized by Horsepower
Energy Savings (kWh/hp) Demand Savings (kW/hp)
Ventilation VFD 1193 0.144
Potato and Onion Ventilation Variable Frequency Drive 213

2.44. Kitchen Ventilation Hood
Commercial kitchens need to have ventilation fans to exhaust heat and effluent created while
cooking. These fans typically are operated manually on/off and are on the whole time during
operating hours. Installing temperature and optic sensors on the exhaust hoods or a smoke/VOC
sensor in the exhaust hood to control the ventilation fans so they only operate when necessary
and can decrease speed based on the ventilation demand. The temperature sensor detects when
a cooking surface is in use and the optic sensor detects the amount of effluent in the air and
adjusts the fan speed accordingly. Savings are realized by decreasing the fan operating speed
during normal hours of operation.
Table 2-202 summarizes the `typical' expected energy impacts for this measure. Typical values
are based on the algorithms and stipulated values described below.
Table 2-202 Typical Savings Estimate for Kitchen Ventilation Hood Controls158
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit HP HP
Average Unit Energy Savings 4,590 kWh 4,590 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.39 kW 0.39 kW
Expected Useful Life 15 years 15 years
Average Material & Labor Cost $469 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $248
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
2.44.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
Eligible equipment is a variable frequency drive installed on the kitchen ventilation fans that is
controlled by a temperature and optic sensor. The VFD should be able to reduce the fan speed
down to a preset minimum value based on system demands. Kitchen HVAC system must be able
to accommodate the variable exhaust airflow caused by the hood VFD.
2.44.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
There are two possible project baseline scenarios — retrofit and new construction.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
The baseline equipment for retrofit are single speed ventilation fans with only on and off cycle
ability.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
151 See spreadsheet"44-TypicalCalcs_KitchenVentHood_v2.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit
energy savings and incremental costs.
Kitchen Ventilation Hood 214

The baseline equipment for new construction are single speed ventilation fans with only on and
off cycle ability.
2.44.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
kWhsavings = (HP * 0.7457 / Eff/ LF) * (1 - (1 - %reduction) A2.7) * Hours * Days
Mavings = kWhsavings / Hours / Days * CF
2.44.4. Definitions
kWhsavings Expected annual energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
HP Fan motor nameplate horsepower.
Eff Fan motor nameplate efficiency.
LF Load factor, default 75%.
%reduction Estimated average percent reduction from the installed unit.
Hours Daily operating hours.
Days Annual day kitchen is in operation.
CIF Peak coincidence factor. Represents the % of the connected load reduction
which occurs during Idaho Power's peak period.
2.44.5. Sources
Workpaper: SCE17CCO08 Commercial Kitchen Exhaust Hood Demand Controlled
Ventilation Revision 2
Workpaper: SWFS012-01 Exhaust Hood Demand Controlled Ventilation, Commercial
2.44.6. Stipulated Values
Table 2-203 Deemed Savings Normalized by Horsepower
_ Energy Savings (kWh/hp) Demand Savings (kW/hp)
Kitchen Hood VFD 4,590 0.391
Kitchen Ventilation Hood 215

Table 2-204 Average Kitchen Exhaust Hood Demand Controlled Ventilation Parameters
Exhaust Baseline Measure kW Fan Speed Baseline Measure Annual
HP kW kW Reduction Percent annual Annual Savings
Reduction kWh kWh kWh
4.42 6.12 2.68 3.43 25% 35,784 15,498 20,286
Kitchen Ventilation Hood 216

2.45. Dedicated Outdoor Air System (DOAS)
A Dedicated Outdoor Air System (DOAS) takes in 100% outside air and delivers it to all spaces.
This outside air is usually conditioned to either room temperature or slightly chilled and satisfies
all the ventilation required for each space. A parallel system in each space then operates on 0%
outside air to properly condition the space. This system setup allows for the DOAS and secondary
systems to be independently sized to only maintain the latent and sensible loads. This system
setup allows for several high efficiency measures to be implemented including a total energy
recovery unit and variable refrigerant flow units. Savings are realized by: allowing the two parallel
systems to be properly sized to each space: running the units at optimal efficiency and installing
an energy recovery device between outdoor air and the exhaust air.
Table 2-205 summarizes the `typical' expected energy impacts for this measure. Typical values
are based on the algorithms and stipulated values described below.
Table 2-205 Typical Savings Estimate for a Dedicated Outdoor Air System159
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Tons Tons
Average Unit Energy Savings 1,731 kWh 1,063 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.31 kW 0.14 kW
Expected Useful Life 15 years 15 years
Average Material & Labor Cost $5,760 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a -$2,608
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
2.45.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
Eligible equipment is a Dedicated Outdoor Air System with a parallel space conditioning unit and
a total energy recovery device on the exhaust air. For nontransient dwelling units, energy recovery
systems shall result in an energy enthalpy recovery ratio of at least 50% at cooling design
condition and at least 60% at heating design condition. The energy recovery system shall provide
the required enthalpy recovery ratio at both heating and cooling design conditions, unless one
mode is not required for the climate zone by the exceptions below.160
Exceptions to Nontransient Dwelling Units:
1. Nontransient dwelling units in Climate Zone 3C.
2. Nontransient dwelling units with no more than 500 ft2 of conditioned floor area in Climate
Zone 0, 1, 2, 3, 4C, and 5C.
59 See spreadsheet "45-TypicalCalcs_DOAS_v1.xlsx" for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy
savings and incremental costs.
Aso See ASHRAE Standard,90.1,2019 Section 6.5.6.1 Exhaust Air Energy Recovery, 6.5.6.1.1 Nontransient Dwelling Units.
Dedicated Outdoor Air System (DOAS) 217

3. Enthalpy recovery ratio requirements at heating design condition in Climate Zones 0, 1,
and 2.
4. Enthalpy recovery ratio requirements at cooling design condition in Climate Zones 4, 5,
6, 7, 8.
For spaces other than nontransient dwelling units, energy recovery systems shall result in an
enthalpy recovery ratio of at least 50%. The energy recovery system shall provide the required
enthalpy recovery ratio at both heating and cooling design conditions, unless one mode is not
required for the climate zone by the exception below.161
1. Laboratory systems meeting ASHRAE 90.1 Section 6.5.7.3.
2. Systems serving spaces that are not cooled and that are heated to less than 60 degree.
3. Heating energy recovery where more than 60% of the outdoor air heating energy is
provided from site-recovered energy or site-solar energy in Climate Zones 5 through 8.
4. Enthalpy recovery ratio requirements at heating design condition in Climate Zone 0, 1,
and 2.
5. Enthalpy recovery ratio requirement at cooling design condition in Climate Zone 3C, 4C,
5B, 5C, 6B. 7, and 8.
6. Where the sum of the airflow rates exhausted and relieved within 20 ft of each other is
less than 75% of the design outdoor airflow rate.
7. Heating energy recovery for systems in Climate Zones 0 through 4 requiring
dehumidification during heating mode that employ energy recovery and have a minimum
SEER of 0.40.
8. Systems expected to operate less than 20 hours per week at the outdoor percentage
covered by ASHRAE 90.1 Section 6.5.6.1.
2.45.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
Baseline equipment for this measure is determined by the nature of the project. There are two
possible scenarios: retrofit (early replacement) or new construction.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
The baseline equipment for retrofit projects is an existing mechanical HVAC system that does not
currently use a 100% outdoor air ventilation unit.
New Construction (Includes Major Renovations)
The baseline equipment for new construction projects is an HVAC system that meets the local
building energy codes and standards.
161 See ASHRAE Standard, 90.1, 2019 Section 6.5.6.1 Exhaust Air Energy Recovery, 6.5.6.1.2 Spaces Other than Nontransient
Dwelling Units.
Dedicated Outdoor Air System (DOAS) 218

2.45.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
AkWh = AkWh/ton * Cap
AkW = AkW/ton * Cap
2.45.4. Definitions
dkWh Expected energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
dkW Expected demand reduction between baseline and installed equipment.
4kWh/ton Energy savings on a per unit basis as stipulated in Table 2-206 and Table
2-207.
4kW/ton Demand reduction on a per unit basis as stipulated in Table 2-206 and
Table 2-207.
Cap Capacity (in Tons) of the HVAC system on which DOAS will be replacing.
2.45.5. Sources
■ ASHRAE, Standard 90.1-2019.
■ University of Nebraska: Energy Benefits of Different Dedicated Outdoor Air Systems
Configurations in Various Climates
■ Desert Aire: AHRI 920 Performance Rating and Comparisons of DX-DOAS Unit Efficiency
■ Engineered Systems: September 2013: Cost of DOAS/Radiant
■ Business Energy Advisor: Dedicated Outdoor Air Systems:
https:Hfpl.bizenergyadvisor.com/BEAl/PA/PA—Ventilation/PA-54
2.45.6. Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
Dedicated Outdoor Air System (DOAS) 219

Table 2-206 Energy Savings for New Construction DOHS
Climate Zone 5 Climate Zone 6 Weighted Average
kWh/ton kW/ton kWh/Ton kW/ton kWh/Ton kW/ton
Heat Pump 1887 0.19 2225 0.12 1,954 0.17
Package RTU 809 0.19 680 0.12 783 0.17
Package VAV 1513 0.35 1395 0.329 1,489 0.34
Package VAV and Temperature 717 0.22 566 0.12 686 0.20
GSHP 602 -0.15 662 -0.18 614 (0.15)
WSHP 852 0.09 842 0.02 849 0.07
Table 2-207 Energy Savings for Retrofit DOAS
Climate Zone 5 Climate Zone 6 Weighted Average
Baseline HVAC Type kWh/ton kW/ton kWh/Ton kW/ton kWh/Ton kW/ton
Heat Pump 2,646 0.37 3,021 0.29 2,721 0.35
Package RTU 1,448 0.37 1,305 0.29 1,420 0.35
Package VAV 2,231 0.55 2,099 0.48 2,205 0.54
Package VAV and Temperature 1,346 0.41 1,178 0.29 1,313 0.38
GSHP 1,219 0 1,285 -0.04 1,232 (0.01)
WSH P 1,496 0.26 1,485 0.18 1,494 0.24
Table 2-208 Energy Savings and Cost Estimates for New Construction based on Baseline
HVAC type
VAV to DOAS RTU to DOAS
kWh/ton 1,489 783
kW/ton 0.34 0.17
Cost $(2,608) $(2,608)
Dedicated Outdoor Air System (DOAS) 220

2.46. Generator: Circulating Block Heater
This measure applies to replacing an existing thermo siphon heater on a backup generator with
a circulating block heater and a smaller electric resistance heater. It is important to keep a backup
generator warm when not in operation to allow for a quick startup and therefore provide the
shortest break in electricity. The typical thermos siphon heater relies on the change in density to
circulate the heated coolant within the generator which is slow and causes non-uniform
temperatures throughout the generator requiring the heater to stay on longer to sufficiently warm
up the whole system. A circulating block heater uses a small pump to circulate the heated coolant
providing better uniform temperatures throughout the system. Energy savings are realized by
being able to run the system less often and by not wasting energy by overheating some parts of
the system.
Table 2-209 through Table 2-211 summarizes the `typical' expected energy impacts for this
measure. Typical values are based on the algorithms and stipulated values described below.
Table 2-209 Typical Savings Estimate for a Circulating Block Heater on a Backup Generator
< 200 kW162
_ Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Unit Unit
Average Unit Energy Savings 1,106 kWh 1,106 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.14 kW 0.14 kW
Expected Useful Life 15 years 15 years
Average Material & Labor Cost $1,268 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $239
Stacking Effect End-Use n/a
Table 2-210 Typical Savings Estimate for a Circulating Block Heater on a Backup Generator
201-500 kW 63
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Unit Unit
Average Unit Energy Savings 2,493 kWh 2,493 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.31 kW 0.31 kW
Expected Useful Life 15 years 15 years
Average Material & Labor Cost $2,152 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $573
Stacking Effect End-Use n/a
162 See spreadsheet"46-TypicalCalcs_GenBlockHeater_v2.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit
energy savings and incremental costs.
161 See previous footnote.
Generator: Circulating Block Heater 221

Table 2-211 Typical Savings Estimate for a Circulating Block Heater on a Backup Generator
501-1000 kW64
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Unit Unit
Average Unit Energy Savings 4385 kWh 4385 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.55 kW 0.55 kW
Expected Useful Life 15 years 15 years
Average Material & Labor Cost $2,645 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $573
Stacking Effect End-Use n/a
2.46.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
Eligible equipment is a recirculation pump with a small electric resistance heater directly installed
onto a backup generator.
2.46.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
Baseline equipment for this measure is determined by the nature of the project. There are two
possible scenarios: retrofit (early replacement) or new construction.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
The baseline equipment for retrofit projects is the existing thermo siphon engine heater without a
circulation device.
New Construction (Includes Major Renovations)
The baseline equipment for new construction projects is a pre-heating device other than a
circulating block heater or similar device.
2.46.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
AkWh = AkWh/unit * N
AkW = AkW/unit * N
2.46.4. Definitions
AkWh Expected energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
164 See previous footnote.
Generator: Circulating Block Heater 222

4kW Expected demand reduction between baseline and installed equipment.
4kWh/unit Energy savings on a per unit basis.
4kW/unit Demand reduction on a per unit basis.
N Quantity of generator block heaters being replaced.
2.46.5. Sources
Workpaper SCE17HCO55 Circulating Block Heater Revision 0
RTF Commercial Standby Generator Block Heaters v1.1
2.46.6. Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
Table 2-212 Stipulated Energy Savings Based on Generator Size
Backup Generator Size (kW) Heater Size (kW) Savings kWh/yr Demand Savings (kW)
37-199 1 3,472 0.43
200-799 2 11,466 1.43
800-1099 4 13,616 1.70
100-2500 8 21,650 2.70
Generator: Circulating Block Heater 223

2.47. Air Conditioning Tune Up
The following algorithms and assumptions are applicable to implementing an air conditioning unit
tune up measure. This measure only applies to retrofit projects where the refrigerant needs to be
added. Savings are based on the expansion component having a fixed orifice or a thermal
expansion valve. Table 2-213 through Table 2-214 summarizes the `typical' expected (per ton)
unit energy impacts for this measure.16' Typical values are based on algorithms and stipulated
values described below.
Table 2-213 Typical Savings Estimates for Air Conditioning Tune Up— Fixed Orifice
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit ton ton
Average Unit Energy Savings 146 kWh n/a
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.09 kW n/a
Expected Useful Life 10 Years n/a
Average Material & Labor Cost $35 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a n/a
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
Table 2-214 Typical Savings Estimates for Air Conditioning Tune Up —TXV
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit ton ton
Average Unit Energy Savings 53 kWh n/a
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.03 kW n/a
Expected Useful Life 10 Years n/a
Average Material & Labor Cost $35 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a n/a
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
2.47.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
All commercial unitary and split air conditioning system are eligible for this measure provided the
tune up process included the following items:
• Check refrigerant charge
• Identify and repay leaks if refrigerant charge is low
• Measure and record refrigerant pressure
• Measure and record temperature drop at indoor coil
• Clean condensate drain line
161 See spreadsheet"47-TypicalCalcs_ACtuneup_v1.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit energy
savings and incremental costs.
Air Conditioning Tune Up 224

• Clean outdoor coils and straighten fins.
• Clean indoor and outdoor fan blades
• Repair damaged insulation at the suction line.
• Change Air filter
• Measure and record blower amp draw
2.47.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
Baseline equipment for this measure is determined by the nature of the project. The baseline is a
system with demonstrated imbalances of refrigerant charger or does not have a standing
maintenance contract or a tune-up within in the last 36 months.16I There are two possible
scenarios: retrofit (early replacement) or new construction.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
All existing air conditioning units that are operating as designed and provides cooling and comfort
to the conditioned space are eligible for this measure.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
New Construction is not eligible for this measure since a new unit should already be operating at
design specifications when installed.
2.47.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
OkWh = Cap * (1/EERpre— 1/EERp(,st) / 1000 * EFLH
EERpre = (1 — EL) * EERpost
OkW = Cap * (1/EERpre— 1/EERpost ) / 1000 * CF
2.47.4. Definitions
OkWh Expected energy savings for air conditioning tune up
OkWpeak Expected peak demand savings.
EFLH Equivalent full load cooling hours. Idaho specific EFLH are by weather zone and
building in Table 2-215.
ss Illinois TRM 4.4.1 Air Conditioner Tune-up.
Air Conditioning Tune Up 225

CF Peak coincidence factor. Represents the % of the connected load reduction which
occurs during Idaho Power's peak period in Table 2-216.
EER Energy Efficiency Ratio for existing systems before and after the tune up. This is
defined as the ratio of the cooling capacity of the air conditioner in British Thermal
Units per hour, to the total electrical input in watts. Since ASHRAE does not provide
EER requirements for air-cooled air conditioners < 65,000 Btu/h, assume the
following conversion:
EER - -0.02 *SEER2 + 1.12 *SEER
EL Efficiency Loss determined by the percentage of refrigerant charge left in the system.
Deemed values by expansion component in Table 2-217.
Cap Nominal cooling capaity in kBTU/Hr (1 ton = 12,000BTU/Hr)
2.47.5.Sources
■ Illinois Technical Reference Manual v8.0
■ Arkansas Technical Reference Manual v8.0
2.47.6.Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
Air Conditioning Tune Up 226

Table 2-215 Stipulated Equivalent Full Load Cooling and Heating Hours (EFLH) by Building
Type167
Zone 5 Zone 6 Weighted values
Building Type EFLH EFLH EFLH EFLH EFLH EFLH
Cooling Heating Cooling Heating Cooling Heating
Assembly 879 966 758 1059 855 985
Education - Primary School 203 299 173 408 197 321
Education - Secondary School 230 406 196 514 223 428
Education - Community College 556 326 530 456 551 352
Education - University 697 341 721 449 702 363
Grocery 564 1825 460 2011 544 1862
Health/Medical - Hospital 1616 612 1409 679 1575 625
Health/Medical - Nursing Home 1049 1399 884 1653 1016 1450
Lodging - Hotel 1121 621 1075 780 1112 653
Lodging - Motel 978 682 937 796 970 705
Manufacturing - Light Industrial 530 699 415 1088 507 777
Office- Large 746 204 680 221 733 207
Office-Small 607 256 567 360 599 277
Restaurant-Sit-Down 811 624 716 709 792 641
Restaurant- Fast-Food 850 722 734 796 827 737
Retail - 3-Story Large 765 770 644 998 741 816
Retail - Single-Story Large 724 855 576 998 694 884
Retail - Small 726 886 619 1138 705 936
Storage-Conditioned 335 688 242 989 316 748
167 Prototypical building energy simulations were used to generate Idaho specific heating and cooling equivalent full load hours for
various buildings.
Air Conditioning Tune Up 227

Table 2-216 HVAC Coincidence Factors by Building Type
Building Type Coincidence Factor
Assembly 0.47
Education - Community College 0.54
Education - Primary School 0.1
Education -Secondary School 0.1
Education - University 0.53
Grocery 0.54
Health/Medical - Hospital 0.82
Health/Medical - Nursing Home 0.49
Lodging - Hotel 0.67
Lodging - Motel 0.63
Manufacturing - Light Industrial 0.46
Office- Large 0.58
Office-Small 0.51
Restaurant- Fast-Food 0.48
Restaurant-Sit-Down 0.46
Retail -3-Story Large 0.66
Retail - Single-Story Large 0.56
Retail - Small 0.49
Storage-Conditioned 0.41
Table 2-217 Efficiency Loss Factor by Refrigerant Charge Level'ss
Percentage Charged Fixed Orifice TXV
70 0.37 0.12
75 0.29 0.09
80 0.20 0.07
85 0.15 0.06
90 0.10 0.05
95 0.05 0.03
100 0.00 0.00
120 0.03 0.04
16'Arkansas Technical Reference Manual v8.0 table 47 and table 48.
Air Conditioning Tune Up 228

2.48. High Efficiency Battery Chargers
The following algorithms and assumptions are applicable to replacing a traditional battery charger
with a single high frequency battery charger that converts AC to DC power more efficiently. The
battery charger system can be used for industrial material handling vehicles or forklifts. Table
2-218 through Table 2-219 summarizes the `typical' expected unit energy impacts for this
measure.16' Typical values are based on algorithms and stipulated values described below.
Table 2-218 Typical Savings Estimates for High Efficiency Battery Chargers— Single Phase
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Unit Unit
Average Unit Energy Savings 1,111 kWh 1,111 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.02 kW 0.02 kW
Expected Useful Life 15 Years 15 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $400 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $400
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
Table 2-219 Typical Savings Estimates for High Efficiency Battery Chargers— Three Phase
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Unit Unit
Average Unit Energy Savings 5,563 kWh 5,563 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.63 kW 0.63 kW
Expected Useful Life 15 Years 15 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost $400 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $400
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
2.48.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
All commercial battery charging system are eligible for this measure if meet efficiency
requirements below:
• Power conversion efficiency is greater than 89%
• Maintenance Power is less than 10 W
161 See spreadsheet"48-TypicalCalcs_HighEffBatteryCharger_vl.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical
unit energy savings and incremental costs.
High Efficiency Battery Charger 229

2.48.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
Baseline equipment for this measure is determined by the nature of the project. There are two
possible scenarios: retrofit (early replacement) or new construction.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
The baseline equipment for retrofit projects is a traditional Ferro resonant (FR) or silicon-
controlled rectifier (SCR) existing battery charger that operates in an industrial or warehouse
setting to power forklifts.
New Construction (Includes Major Renovations)
The baseline equipment for new construction projects is typical Ferro resonant (FR) or silicon-
controlled rectifier (SCR) charging equipment, operating with minimum 8-hour shift operation five
days per week.
2.48.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
AkWh = HOurscharge * (Wcharge_pre — Wcharge_post) + HOursidle
(Wcidle_pre—Widle_post)/l 000
AkW =AkWh/( HOurscharge + HOursidle) * CF
2.48.4. Definitions
AkWh Expected energy savings for high efficiency battery chargers
AkWpeak Expected peak demand savings.
Hourscharge Annual number of hours the charging system is actively charging.
Wcharge Wattage draw of the charging system in active charging mode.
Hoursidle Annual number of hours the charging system is operating with no load or in
maintenance mode on a fully charged battery.
Widle Wattage draw of the charging system is operating with no load or in maintenance
mode.
CF Peak coincidence factor.
High Efficiency Battery Charger 230

2.48.5.Sources
■ AR TRM v8.0.
■ IL TRIM v8.0.
2.48.6. Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
Table 2-220 Battery Charging System - Hours and Wattages
Charging Idle
Equipment hours hours Wcharge_pre Widle_pre Wcharge_post Widle_post CF
(hrs/yr) (hrs/yr)
Single 3,942 4,818 2,000 50 1767 10 0.19
Phase _
Three 8,234 536 5,785 34 5111 10 1
Phase
High Efficiency Battery Charger 231

2.49. Defrost Coil Control
The following algorithms and assumptions are applicable to install electric defrost control on small
commercial walk-in freezer and reach-in cooler systems. A refrigeration system with electric
defrost is set to run the defrost cycle periodically throughout the day. A defrost control uses
temperature and pressure sensors to monitor system processes and statistical modeling to learn
the operations and requirements of the system. When the system calls for a defrost cycle, the
controller determines if it is necessary and starts the cycle. Table 2-221 through Table 2-222
summarizes the `typical' expected unit energy impacts for this measure.1' Typical values are
based on algorithms and stipulated values described below.
Table 2-221 Typical Savings Estimates for Defrost Coil Control - Cooler
Cooler Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit per fan n/a
Average Unit Energy Savings 220 kWh n/a
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.45 kW n/a
Expected Useful Life 10 Years n/a
Average Material & Labor Cost $500 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a n/a
Stacking Effect End-Use Refrigeration
Table 2-222 Typical Savings Estimates for Defrost Coil Control- Freezer
Freezer Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit per fan n/a
Average Unit Energy Savings 171 kWh n/a
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.35 kW n/a
Expected Useful Life 10 Years n/a
Average Material & Labor Cost $500 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a n/a
Stacking Effect End-Use Refrigeration
2.49.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
All commercial defrost coil control system are eligible for this measure.
2.49.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
Baseline equipment for this measure is determined by the nature of the project. There are two
possible scenarios: retrofit (early replacement) or new construction.
10 See spreadsheet"49-TypicalCalcs_DefrostCoilControl_vl.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit
energy savings and incremental costs.
Defrost Coil Control 232

Retrofit (Early Replacement)
The baseline equipment for retrofit projects is a small commercial walk-in freezer or reach-in
cooler refrigeration system without evaporator coil defrost control.
New Construction (Includes Major Renovations)
New Construction is not eligible for this measure since a new unit should already be equipped
with automatic defrost coil control when installed.
2.49.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
AkWh = #fans * kWDE * SVG * BF
AkWh =AkW * FLH
2.49.4. Definitions
AkWh Expected energy savings for defrost coil control
AkWpeak Expected peak demand savings.
#fans Number of evaporator fans
kWDE kW of defrost element per evaporator fan.
SVG % of defrost cycles saved by control.
BF Bonus factor for reduced cooling load from eliminating heat generated by defrost
element from entering the cooler or freezer.
FLH Average full load defrost hours.
2.49.5. Sources
Vermont TRM v8.0.
PPL Calculator for Commercial Refrigeration Measures
2.49.6. Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
Defrost Coil Control 233

Table 2-223 Battery Charging System - Hours and Wattages
Space kW DE SVG BF FLH kW kWh
Savings Savings
Cooler 0.9 0.3 1.67 487 220 0.45
Freezer 0.9 0.3 1.3 487 171 0.35
Defrost Coil Control 234

2.50. Networked Lighting Controls
The following algorithms and assumptions are applicable to the installation of networked lighting
controls in commercial and industrial spaces which are more efficient than required by prevailing
codes and standards. Table 2-224 summarize the typical expected energy impacts for efficient
lighting control system."' Typical values are based on algorithms and stipulated values described
below. The typical savings value is calculated assuming a 21% improved efficiency.
Table 2-224 Typical Savings Estimates for Network Lighting ControlS12
New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Sensor
Average Unit Energy Savings 147 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 27 W
Expected Useful Life 12 Years
Average Material & Labor Cost n/a
Average Incremental Cost $4913
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC, Lighting
* Retrofit scenario is still eligible, please check Idaho Power's website for details.
2.50.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
Eligible controls must be installed on a new LED fixture or LED Level 2 retrofit kit. Choose
luminaire Level Lighting Controls (LLLC) for interior applications and exterior applications. LLLC
requires that luminaries must be individually addressable, and each fixture must have a minimum
of 2 control strategies. One of the two strategies must be a senser-based strategy.
• Sensor-based occupancy sensing (on/off and/or dimming)
• Sensor-based daylight harvesting with continuous dimming.
• Tuning
■ High-end trim (not applicable for exterior applications or interior applications with
daylight harvesting)
■ Advanced scheduling/zone
■ Personal tuning with continuous dimming (interior only)
"'See spreadsheet"50-TypicalCalcs_Networked Lighting Controls_v1.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the
typical unit energy savings and incremental costs.
12 Estimated savings are based on a single sensor controlling an average of 128 watts.
13$49 is estimated by Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance(NEEA)'s 2020 Luminaire Level Lighting Controls Incremental Cost Study
Networked Lighting Controls 235

2.50.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
There are two possible project baseline scenarios — retrofit and new construction. When using
actual lighting load installed, stacking effects with measure 2.1 are not required and can be
ignored.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
The baseline standard for this measure is commercial and industrial space equipped with manual
switch control system.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
The baseline standard for this measure is commercial and industrial space equipped with
occupancy sensor control system.
2.50.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
kWhsavings = sysWattbaseline * HOU * A CSF
kWsavings = sysWattbaseline* A CSF
2.50.4. Definitions
kWhsavings Expected energy savings for networked lighting control
kWsavings Expected peak demand savings
sysWattbaseline Full-load input power per base system, in watts.
HOU Hours of Use
CSF Control savings fraction resulting from controls-induced changes in run time or
power consumption.
2.50.5.Sources
■ Regional Technical Forum, Standard Protocol Calculator for Non-Residential Lighting
improvements, https://rtf.nwcouncil.org/standard-protocol/non-residential-lighting-retrofits
■ Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance, Energy Savings from Networked lighting control
(NLC) systems with and without LLLC
Networked Lighting Controls 236

2.50.6. Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
Table 2-225 Stipulated Control Savings Fraction by Space Type
Luminaire
Occupancy Level Lighting
SPACE TYPE Sensor Control Control than
Occupancy
Sensor Control
Assembly 25% 8%
Break Room 25% 25%
Classroom 15% 10%
Computer 25% 25%
Room
Conference 25% 25%
Dining 15% 35%
Gymnasium 25% 25%
Hallway 60% 4%
Hospital Room 25% 25%
Industrial 25% 25%
Kitchen 25% 25%
Library 25% 25%
Lobby 25% 25%
Lodging (Guest 25% 25%
Rooms)
Open Office 15% 35%
Parking Garage 25% 25%
Private Office 15% 35%
Process 25% 25%
Public 25% 25%
Assembly
Restroom 50% 5%
Retail 25% 25%
Stairs 64% 4%
Storage 50% 5%
Technical Area 25% 8%
Warehouse 50% 25%
Aisle
Other 25% 25%
Networked Lighting Controls 237

Table 2-226 Stipulated Lighting Hours of Use (HOU) by Building Type
Building Type Hours of Use
Assembly 2,700
Automotive Repair 3,100
College 2,100
University 2,100
Exterior 24 Hour Operation 8,766
Hospital 4,200
Industrial Plant with One Shift 5,500
Industrial Plant with Three Shifts 7,000
Industrial Plant with Two Shifts 5,500
Library 3,000
Lodging, Hotel 3,500
Lodging, Motel 3,500
Manufacturing 5,500
Office <20,000 sf 2,600
Office >100,000 sf 3,300
Office 20,000 to 100,000 sf 3,300
Other Health, Nursing, Medical Clinic 4,300
Parking Garage 6,300
Restaurant, Sit-Down 4,900
Restaurant, Fast-Food 4,900
Retail 5,000 to 50,000 sf 3,900
Retail Anchor Store >50,000 sf Multistory 4,400
Retail Big Box>50,000 sf One-Story 6,000
Retail Boutique <5,000 sf 2,500
Retail Mini Mart 7,200
Retail Supermarket 6,800
School, Primary 2,500
School, Secondary 2,500
Street&Area Lighting (Photo Sensor Controlled) 4,383
Warehouse 2,600
Other 3,800
Networked Lighting Controls 238

2.51. Evaporative Fan Controls
The following algorithms and assumptions are applicable to the installation of a new evaporator
fan motor with temperature controls in a refrigerator or freezer space. The controller reduces
airflow of the evaporator fans when there is no refrigerant flow reducing the energy usage. Table
2-227 through Table 2-228 summarizes the `typical' expected (per unit) energy impacts for this
measure.17' Typical values are based on algorithms and stipulated values described below.
Table 2-227 Typical Savings Estimates for Evaporative Fan Motor and Controls in Freezers
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Unit Unit
Average Unit Energy Savings 483 kWh n/a
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.06 kW n/a
Expected Useful Life 16 Years n/a
Average Material & Labor Cost $291 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a n/a
Stacking Effect End-Use Refrigeration
Table 2-228 Typical Savings Estimates for Evaporative Fan Motor and Controls in Coolers
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Unit Unit
Average Unit Energy Savings 514 kWh n/a
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.06 kW n/a
Expected Useful Life 16 Years n/a
Average Material & Labor Cost $ 291 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a n/a
Stacking Effect End-Use Refrigeration
2.51.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
The eligible equipment is equipment that has an energy management system (EMS) or other
electronic controls to modulate evaporator fan operation based on temperature of the refrigerated
space.
2.51.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
Baseline equipment for this measure is determined by the nature of the project. There are two
possible scenarios: retrofit (early replacement) or new construction.
14 See spreadsheet "51-TypicalCalcs_Evaporative Fan Contorls_v1.xlsx" for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the
typical unit energy savings and incremental costs.
Evaporative Fan Controls 239

Retrofit (Early Replacement)
The baseline standard for this measure is an existing shaded pole evaporator fan motor with no
temperature controls with 8,760 annual operating hours.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
New construction is not eligible for this measure as this measure is assumed to be standard
practice.
2.51.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
kWhsavings = kWsavings * 8760
kWsavings = [(kWevap * naans) — kWcirc] *(1-DCcomp) * DCevap * BF
2.51.4. Definitions
kWhsavings Expected energy savings for evaporative fan controls
kWsavings Expected peak demand savings
kWevap Nameplate connected load kW of each evaporator fan = 0.123kW (default)
nfans Number of evaporator fans
kWcirc Nameplate connected load kW of the circulating fan = 0.035kW
DCcomp Duty cycle of the compressor = 50% (default)
DCevap Duty cycle of the evaporator fan = Coolers: 100%; Freezers: 94% (default)
BF Bonus factor for reducing cooling load from replacing the evaporator fan with a
lower wattage circulating fan when the compressor is not running = Low Temp:1.5,
Medium Temp: 1.3, High Temp: 1.2
2.51.5. Sources
■ Arkansas TRM v8.0
■ Illinois TRM v8.0
2.51.6. Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
Evaporative Fan Controls 240

Duty cycle
Type Temp Bonus of the kWh kW
yp p factor evaporator
fan
Freezer Low 1.5 0.94 543 0.062
Freezer Medium 1.3 0.94 471 0.054
Freezer High 1.2 0.94 435 0.050
Cooler Low 1.5 1 578 0.066
Cooler Medium 1.3 1 501 0.057
Cooler High 1.2 1 463 0.053
Evaporative Fan Controls 241

2.52. Circulation Pump
The following algorithms and assumptions are applicable to the installation of Electronically
Commutated Motor(ECM)on Hydronic Heating and Domestic Hot Water recirculation pumps and
additional savings associated with implementing pump speed controls. Savings are broken down
based on the pump horsepower and if pump speed controls are present. Pump controls must be
able to automatically adjust the motor speed based on pressure and/or temperature sensors.
Table 2-229 through Table 2-232 summarizes the `typical' expected (per unit) energy impacts for
this measure.15 Typical values are based on algorithms and stipulated values described below.
Table 2-229 Typical Savings Estimates for ECM without Speed Controls and <=1 HP
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Unit Unit
Average Unit Energy Savings 225 kWh 225 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.08 kW 0.08 kW
Expected Useful Life 12 years 12 years
Average Material & Labor Cost $1,497 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $304
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
Table 2-230 Typical Savings Estimates for ECM without Speed Controls and >1 HP
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Unit Unit
Average Unit Energy Savings 1,039 kWh 1,039 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.36 kW 0.36 kW
Expected Useful Life 12 years 12 years
Average Material & Labor Cost $3,460 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $598
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
15 See spreadsheet"52-TypicalCalcs_Circulation Pump_v1.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit
energy savings and incremental costs.
Circulation Pump 242

Table 2-231 Typical Savings Estimates for ECM with Speed Controls and <=1 HP
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Unit Unit
Average Unit Energy Savings 462 kWh 462 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.15 kW 0.15 kW
Expected Useful Life 12 years 12 years
Average Material & Labor Cost $1,602 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $409
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
Table 2-232 Typical Savings Estimates for ECM with Speed Controls and >1 HP
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit Unit Unit
Average Unit Energy Savings 2,187 kWh 2,187 kWh
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.69 kW 0.69 kW
Expected Useful Life 12 years 12 years
Average Material & Labor Cost $6,167 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a $1,034
Stacking Effect End-Use HVAC
2.52.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
The eligible equipment are electronically commutated motors installed on circulation pumps on
the hydronic heating or domestic hot water systems. Additional savings are achieved by installing
automatic speed controls that adjust the pump motor speed using temperature and/or pressure
sensors.
2.52.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
Baseline equipment for this measure is determined by the nature of the project. There are two
possible scenarios: retrofit (early replacement) or new construction.
Retrofit (Early Replacement)
The baseline standard for this measure is an existing low efficiency pump motor with no speed
controls.
New Construction (Includes Major Remodel & Replace on Burn-Out)
The new construction baseline for this measure is a code compliant pump motor with no speed
controls.
Circulation Pump 243

2.52.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
AkWh = AkWh/unit* N
AkW = AkW/unit * N
2.52.4. Definitions
dkWh Expected energy savings between baseline and installed equipment.
dkW Expected demand reduction between baseline and installed equipment.
4kWh/unit Energy savings on a per unit basis.
AMunit Demand reduction on a per unit basis.
N Quantity of circulation pump motors installed
2.52.5.Sources
■ RTF Commercial Circulator Pumps Version 2.1
2.52.6. Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
Circulation Pump 244

Table 2-233 Deemed Savings for ECMs without Speed Controls on Circulation Pump
Energy Peak Efficient
Nominal ECM w/ no speed controls Savings Demand Measure Incremen
HP Size (kWh) Savings Cost ($) t Cost($)
(kW)
1/12 >1/16-<_1/8 horsepower(>100-:5200 98 0.03 $872 $165
Max watts)
1/6 >1/8-<_1/6 horsepower(>200 -<_300 125 0.04 $1,046 $353
_ Max watts)
1/4 >1/6-<_1/4 horsepower(>300 - 5400 157 0.05 $1,177 $354
Max watts)
1/2 >1/4-<_1/2 horsepower(>400 - <_550 237 0.08 $1,570 $335
Max watts)
3/4 >1/2-<_3/4 horsepower(>550 -<_750 317 0.11 $1,963 $316
Max watts)
>3/4-<_1.25 horsepower(>750 - <_1000
1 Max watts) 416 0.14 $2,357 $303
>1.25- <_1.75 horsepower(>1000 -
1 1/2 <_1300 Max watts) 624 0.21 $3,535 $455
>1.75-<_2.5 horsepower(>1300-<_1750
2 Max watts) 831 0.29 $4,713 $607
3 >2.5-<_3.5 horsepower(>1750 -<_2350 1,039 0.36 $5,891 $758
Max watts)
>3.5-<_4.5 horsepower(>2350 - <_3100
4 Max watts) 1,247 0.43 $7,070 $910
>4.5-<_5 horsepower(>3100-<_3700
5 Max watts) 1,455 0.50 $8,248 $1,062
Circulation Pump 245

Table 2-234 Deemed Savings for ECMs with Speed Controls on Circulation Pump
Energy Peak Efficient
Nominal ECM w/speed controls Savings Demand Measure Incremen
HP Size (kWh) Savings Cost ($) t Cost($)
(kW)
>1/16 - <_1/8 horsepower(>100 -<_200
1/12 Max watts) 168 0.05 $989 $283
1/6 >1/8-<_1/6 horsepower(>200 -<_300 247 0.08 $1,142 $449
Max watts)
1/4 >1/6-<_1/4 horsepower(>300 -<_400 313 0.10 $1,274 $451
Max watts)
1/2 >1/4-<_1/2 horsepower(>400 - <_550 494 0.16 $1,672 $436
Max watts)
>1/2-<_3/4 horsepower(>550 - <_750
3/4 Max watts) 675 0.21 $2,069 $422
>3/4-<_1.25 horsepower(>750 -<_1000
1 Max watts) 875 0.28 $2,467 $414
>1.25- <_1.75 horsepower(>1000 -
1 1/2 51300 Max watts) 1,312 0.42 $3,700 $620
>1.75-<_2.5 horsepower(>1300 -<_1750
2 Max watts) 1,749 0.55 $4,934 $827
>2.5-<_3.5 horsepower(>1750 - <_2350
3 Max watts) 2,187 0.69 $6,167 $1,034
4 >3.5-<_4.5 horsepower(>2350 -<_3100 2,624 0.83 $7,401 $1,241
Max watts)
>4.5 -<_5 horsepower(>3100 -<_3700
5 Max watts) 3,061 0.97 $8,634 $1,448
Circulation Pump 246

2.53. Pump Optimization
The following algorithms and assumptions are applicable to pump optimization. This measure can
be done to optimize the design and control of centrifugal water pumping systems, including water
solutions with freeze protection up to 15% concentration by volume. Other fluid and gas pumps
cannot this this measure calculation. The measurement of energy and demand savings for
commercial and industrial applications will vary with the type of pumping technology, operating
hours, efficiency, and existing and proposed controls. Depending on the specific application
slowing the pump, trimming or replacing the impeller may be suitable option for improving
pumping efficiency. Pumps up to 40 HP are allowed to use this energy savings calculation. Larger
motors should use a custom calculation. Table 2-235 summarizes the `typical' expected (per unit)
energy impacts for this measure.16 Typical values are based on algorithms and stipulated values
described below.
Table 2-235 Typical Savings Estimates for Pump Optimization
Retrofit New Construction
Deemed Savings Unit HP n/a
Average Unit Energy Savings 46 kWh n/a
Average Unit Peak Demand Savings 0.03 kW n/a
Expected Useful Life 8 years"' n/a
Average Material & Labor Cost $245 n/a
Average Incremental Cost n/a n/a
Stacking Effect End-Use Miscellaneous End Use
2.53.1. Definition of Eligible Equipment
The eligible equipment is equipment that has optimized centrifugal pumping system meeting the
applicable program efficiency requirements:
• Pump balancing values no more than 15% throttled.
• Balancing values on at least one load 100% open.
2.53.2. Definition of Baseline Equipment
Baseline equipment for this measure is assumed to be the existing pumping system including
existing controls and sequence of operations. The baseline equipment 's HP range is up to 40
HP. Only equipment with a centrifugal water pumping system is applicable.
16 See spreadsheet"53-TypicalCalcs_PumpOptimization_v1.xlsx"for assumptions and calculations used to estimate the typical unit
energy savings and incremental costs.
"'SCE Pump Test Final Report(2009), Summit Blue Consulting, LLC. This value is a weighted average of estimates provided by
program participants.
Pump Optimization 247

2.53.3.Algorithms
The following energy and demand savings algorithms are applicable for this measure:
kWhsavings = HPmotor* 0.746 * LF/7jmotor* Hours * ESF
kWsavings = HPmotor* 0.746 * LF/r/motor* Hours * ESF * CF
2.53.4. Definitions
kWhsavings Expected energy savings for pump optimization
kWsavings Expected peak demand savings
HPmotor Installed nameplate motor horsepower
0.746 Conversion factor from horsepower to kW (kW/hp)
LF/rlmotor Combined as a single factor since efficiency is a function of load = 0.65
Hours Annual operating hours of the pump
ESF Energy savings factor; assume a value of 15%
CF Summer coincident peak factor for measure
2.53.5. Sources
■ Ameren Missouri TRM v2.0
■ Illinois TRM v9.0
■ SCE Pump Test Final Report (2009), Summit Blue Consulting, LLC.
2.53.6. Stipulated Values
The following tables stipulate allowable values for each of the variables in the energy and demand
savings algorithms for this measure.
Pump Optimization 248

Table 2-236 Stipulated Equivalent Full Load Hours (EFLH) by Building Type
Zone 5 Zone 6 Weighted values
Building Type EFLH EFLH EFLH EFLH EFLH EFLH
Cooling Heating Cooling Heating Cooling Heating
Assembly 879 966 758 1059 855 985
Education - Primary School 203 299 173 408 197 321
Education - Secondary School 230 406 196 514 223 428
Education - Community College 556 326 530 456 551 352
Education - University 697 341 721 449 702 363
Grocery 564 1825 460 2011 544 1862
Health/Medical - Hospital 1616 612 1409 679 1575 625
Health/Medical - Nursing Home 1049 1399 884 1653 1016 1450
Lodging - Hotel 1121 621 1075 780 1112 653
Lodging - Motel 978 682 937 796 970 705
Manufacturing - Light Industrial 530 699 415 1088 507 777
Office- Large 746 204 680 221 733 207
Office-Small 607 256 567 360 599 277
Restaurant-Sit-Down 811 624 716 709 792 641
Restaurant- Fast-Food 850 722 734 796 827 737
Retail - 3-Story Large 765 770 644 998 741 816
Retail - Single-Story Large 724 855 576 998 694 884
Retail - Small 726 886 619 1138 705 936
Storage-Conditioned 335 688 242 989 316 748
Pump Optimization 249

3. Appendix A: Document Revision History
Table 3-1 Document Revision History
Date Modified Revised Description of Changes
Version Version
4/01/14 - 1.0 Initial Adoption of TRM.
Added PVVT and GSHP system types to HVAC
Controls measure chapter. Updates were made to
values in the summary tables which provide a unit
11/04/14 1.0 1.1 savings estimate based on an assumed average of
system types. System type specific values were
added to the remaining applicable tables in this
section. Updated tables include Table 2-59 through
Table 2-77.
Added WSHP system type to HVAC Controls
measure chapter. Updates were made to values in
the summary tables which provide a unit savings
04/16/15 1.1 1.2 estimate based on an assumed average of system
types. System type specific values were added to the
remaining applicable tables in this section. Updated
tables include Table 2-59 through Table 2-77.
Found typo in several tables (Table 2-59 through
05/19/15 1.2 1.3 Table 2-77). Table values updated to reflect
corresponding calculator spreadsheets.
Found typo in several tables (Table 2-59 through
05/27/15 1.3 1.4 Table 2-61). Table values updated to reflect
corresponding calculator spreadsheets.
Updated savings values for Evaporative Pre-Cooler
measure (Chapter 17) to incorporate data from new
source. Accounts for the fact that the studies used to
06/26/15 1.4 1.5 determine savings are biased towards R-22 and that
R-410A has higher savings potential. New numbers
assume a mix of both refrigerants, but a
predominance of R-410A.
Made small revisions to three chapters:
1) Sections 2.12 and 2.13: Expanded description
of eligible equipment to include changing from
A/C only to Heat-Pump and visa versa.
08/06/15 1.5 1.6 2) Section 2.10: Added references for the reader
which provide full descriptions of the listed
HVAC system types.
3) Section 2.16: Updated numbers in Table 2-124
to reflect those in summary table and
consistent with the previous update.
Appendix A 250

Date Modified Revised Description of Changes
Version Version
Updated (4) measures to include energy savings
under IECC 2012. Note that only a handful of
measures were affected by the IECC 2012 code
update:
1) High Efficiency A/C
2) High Efficiency Heat Pumps
10/30/2015 1.6 1.7 3) Guest Room Occupancy Sensors
4) Direct/Indirect Evaporative Coolers
Updated eligibility language for new construction
baseline in measures affected by changes in IECC
2012. This included the addition of Appendix B which
describes cases in which individual HVAC controls
measures are eligible due to exceptions in IECC 2012
requirements.
Updated (7) measures to include energy savings
under IECC 2015. Note that only a handful of
measures were affected by the IECC 2015 code
update:
1) Efficient Interior Lighting and Controls (New
Construction)
2) Efficient Windows
3) HVAC Controls
4) Hotel/Motel Guestroom Energy Management
Systems
5) High Efficiency Air Conditioning
6) High Efficiency Heat Pumps
12/1/2017 1.7 2.0 7) Evaporative Coolers (Direct and Indirect)
Added (12) measures to the TRM:
1) Refrigeration: Automatic High Speed Doors
2) High Volume Low Speed Fans
3) HVAC Fan Motor Belts
4) Refrigeration Strip Curtains
5) Electronically Commutated Motors in HVAC
units
6) Engine Block Heater Controls
7) Dairy Pump VFD
8) Compressed Air Measures
9) Smart Power Strips
10)Potato/Onion Ventilation VFD
11)Kitchen Ventilation Hood VFD
12)Dedicated Outdoor Air System
Appendix A 251

Date Modified Revised Description of Changes
Version Version
Rewrote section 1.6 Application of Stacking Effect in
the TRM for clarity and ease of use. Changed may
"Stacking Effect End-Use" values for simplicity and to
match the revised stacking effect section.
Updated savings and cost values for section 2.14
High Efficiency Chiller based on data from new
8/21/18 2.0 2.1 sources and changing the expected installed unit
efficiency.
Changed the measure life for the Compressed Air
Dryer from 10 to 13 years based on information from
new sources.
Changed the retrofit cost for cogged HVAC fan motor
belts based on revised cost data.
Updated Section 2.38 to include Shaded Pole motors
as a potential baseline equipment.
10/15/18 2.1 2•2 Updated Table 2-222 and 2-224 to include Shaded
Pole motors and savings from Shaded Pole motors to
ECMs and PSC motors.
Appendix A 252

Date Modified Revised Description of Changes
Version Version
Reviewed all measures for the most up to date
information regarding energy savings and incremental
costs.
Adjusted the cost and/or savings estimates to most
measures based on current measure studies.
Updated all measures to comply with the new IECC
2018 building code requirements.
The following (7) measures were removed as Idaho
TRM measures:
1. 2.3 Efficient Vending Machines
2. 2.4 Vending Machine Controls
3. 2.21 Kitchen: Efficient Dishwashers
9/9/2020 2.2 3.0 4. 2.22 Refrigeration: Efficient Refrigerated
Cases
5. 2.27 Door Gaskets
6. 2.32 PC Management Software
7. 2.33 Variable Frequency Drives (Process
Application)
The following (6) measures have been added as
Idaho TRM measures:
1. 2.47 Air Conditioning Tune Up
2. 2.48 High Efficiency Battery Chargers
3. 2.49 Refrigeration Defrost Control
4. 2.50 Networked lighting Control
5. 2.51 Evaporative Fan Control
6. 2.52 Circulation Pump
Clarified Language 2.35
Added new measure 2.53 Pump Optimization
4/9/2021 3.0 3.1 Adjusted savings and cost values for measure 2.34
Refrigeration: Automatic High Speed Doors to better
reflect actual baseline conditions and installation
costs per square foot.
Appendix A 253

Date Modified Revised Description of Changes
Version Version
Updated tables to reflect changes and fixes in the
following measures:
1. 2.5 Efficient Washing Machines
2. 2.6 Wall Insulation
3. 2.10 HVAC Controls
11/14/2021 3.1 3.2 4. 2.12 High Efficiency Air Conditioning
5. 2.13 High Efficiency Heat Pumps
6. 2.20 Kitchen: Ice Machine
7. 2.39 Engine Block Heaters
8. 2.41 Compressed Air Measures
9. 2.44 Kitchen Ventilation Hood
Appendix A 254

4. Appendix B
Several of the controls measures listed in Chapter 2.10 are required by IECC 2015 and 2018 for
certain new construction buildings. This appendix reproduces the exceptions listed in IECC and
identifies the cases for which these controls measures are still eligible under the New Construction
Program. Note that while the listed controls are not eligible as energy efficiency measures under
the New Construction Program (except as presented in this Appendix), they remain eligible under
the Retrofit Program as retrofit measures for which the energy code considerations presented
here can be ignored.
The HVAC controls measures covered in Chapter 2.10 are listed in Table 4-1. The remainder of
this section is organized in sub-sections which outline the conditions in which these controls
measures are eligible under the New Construction Program.
Table 4-1 List of Eligible HVAC Control Measures
Item Measure
1 Optimum Start/Stop
2 Economizer Controls
3 Demand Controlled Ventilation (DCV)
4 Supply Air Reset
5 Chilled Water Reset
6 Condenser Water Reset
4.1. Optimum Start Stop
Sections C403.2.4.2.2 and C4.3.2.4.2.3 of IECC 2018178 indicates that automatic startup controls
are required for all HVAC systems and be capable of automatically adjusting the daily start time
of the HVAC system in order to bring each space to the desired occupied temperature immediately
prior to scheduled occupancy. While automatic shut-down controls are required, they can be time-
clock based or programmable.
This measure is only eligible when the system(s) install both optimum start and optimum stop
simultaneously on the same system(s) or for zones with a full HVAC load demand not exceeding
6,800 Btu/h and having a readily accessible manual shutoff switch.
4.2. Economizer Controls
Section C403.3 of IECC 2018171 indicates that economizer controls are required on all Simple
HVAC Systems except when stated in the exceptions listed below. Simple HVAC Systems are
defined as unitary or packaged HVAC equipment,180 each serving one zone and controlled by a
single thermostat in the zone served. This also includes two-pipe heating systems serving one or
178 IECC 2018 Sections C403.2.4.3.2 and C403.2.4.3.3
171 IECC 2018 Section C403.3.1
18'As listed in Tables C403.2.3(1)through C403.2.3(8)IECC 2015 and 2018
Appendix B 255

more zones, where no cooling system is installed. Economizers are required for all Complex
HVAC Systems."' Several exceptions are listed in Section C403.3 of IECC 2018182 and represent
the only cases in which this measure is eligible. Note that these exceptions apply only to Simple
HVAC systems.
Exceptions (2018):
- Individual fan cooling units with supply capacity less than 54,000 Btu/h and have the
following:
o Have direct expansion cooling coils.
o The total chilled water system capacity minus the capacity of fan units with air
economizers is less than 1,320,000 Btu/h for local water-cooled chilled-water
systems or 1,720,000 Btu/h for air-cooled chilled-water systems.
o The total supply capacity of all fan-cooling units without economizers shall not
exceed 20% or 300,000 Btu/h, whichever is greater.
- Where more than 25 of the air designed to be supplied by the system is to spaces that are
designed to be humidified above 35 OF dew-point temperature to satisfy process needs.
- Systems that serve residential spaces where the system capacity is less than 8,600,000
Btu/h.
- Systems expected to operate less than 20 hours per week.
- Where the use of outdoor air for cooling will affect supermarket open refrigerated
casework systems.
- Chilled-water cooling systems that are passive or use induction where the total chilled
water system capacity minus the capacity of fan units with air economizers is less than
1,320,000 Btu/h for local water-cooled chilled-water systems or 1,720,000 Btu/h for air-
cooled chilled-water systems.
- Systems that include a heat recover system in accordance with Section C403.4.5 of IECC
2018.
4.3. Demand Control Ventilation (DCV)
Section C403.2.6.1 of IECC 2018181 states that Demand Control Ventilation (DCV) is required for
spaces greater than 500 ft2, and an average occupant load of 25 people per 1000 ft2, and served
by systems with one or more of the following:
1) An air-side economizer.
2) Automatic modulating control of the outdoor air damper.
3) A design outdoor airflow greater than 3,000 cfm.
181 Complex HVAC systems are defined as all systems listed in Tables C403.2.3(1)through C403.2.3(8)which cannot be categorized
as either unitary or packaged.
182 Section C403.3.1 of IECC 2018
183 Section C403.2.5.1 of IECC 2018
Appendix B 256

This measure is only eligible when the above conditions are not met or when the system meets
one of the following exceptions.
- Systems with energy recovery (ERV) complying with Section C403.2.7 of IECC 201818a
- Multiple-zone systems without direct digital control (DDC) of individual zones
communicating with a central control panel.
- System with a design outdoor airflow less than 1,200 cfm.
- Spaces where the supply airflow rate minus any makeup or outgoing transfer air
requirement is less than 1,200 cfm.
- Ventilation provided for process loads only.
4.4. Supply Air Temperature Reset Controls
Section C403.4.4.5 of IECC 2018181 states that multiple-zone systems shall include an automatic
supply-air temperature reset in response to building loads or outdoor air temperature. The control
reset shall be capable of adjusting the supply air temperature not less than 25% of the difference
between the design supply air temperature and the design room air temperature. This measure
is only eligible when the system meets one of the following exceptions:
- Systems that prevent reheating, recooling or mixing of heated and cooled supply air.
- 75% of the energy for reheating is from site-recovered or site-solar energy sources.
- Zones with peak supply air quantities less than 300 cfm.
4.5. Chilled Water Reset Controls
Section C403.4.2.4 item 1 of IECC 2018186 Chilled water reset controls are required for all
hydronic systems greater than or equal to 500,000 Btu/h (300,000 Btu/h for IECC 2012) in design
output capacity supplying heated or chilled water to comfort conditioning systems.
This measure is only eligible on hydronic systems less than 500,000 Btu/h (300,000 Btu/h for
IECC 2012) in design output capacity.
4.6. Condenser Water Reset Controls
Section C403.5.1 of IECC 2018 states that the refrigeration system condenser shall have control
logic to reset the condensing temperature setpoint according to the ambient dry-bulb temperature
for air-cooled condensers, and the ambient wet-bulb temperature for evaporatively cooled
condensers. Note, this measure is not required by IECC 2012.
184 Section C403.2.5.1 of IECC 2018
185 Section C403.4.5.4 of IECC 2018
18'Section C403.4.3.4 item 1 of IECC 2018
Appendix B 257

This measure is only eligible for projects that are not required to meet the standards of IECC
2018.
Appendix B 258